EP0369899B1 - Magnetischer Auslöser mit breitem Bereich zur Regelung des Auslöseansprechwertes - Google Patents

Magnetischer Auslöser mit breitem Bereich zur Regelung des Auslöseansprechwertes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0369899B1
EP0369899B1 EP89420410A EP89420410A EP0369899B1 EP 0369899 B1 EP0369899 B1 EP 0369899B1 EP 89420410 A EP89420410 A EP 89420410A EP 89420410 A EP89420410 A EP 89420410A EP 0369899 B1 EP0369899 B1 EP 0369899B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core assembly
polar
trip device
plunger
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89420410A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0369899A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Batteux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0369899A1 publication Critical patent/EP0369899A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0369899B1 publication Critical patent/EP0369899B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/74—Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection
    • H01H71/7463—Adjusting only the electromagnetic mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic trip device with a wide range for setting the trip threshold, comprising a fixed magnetic circuit carrying an excitation coil and having first and second pole pieces arranged in the extension of one another. being spaced from a fixed air gap and a movable armature, mounted to slide inside said fixed magnetic circuit and having a first armature part with a pole surface defining a first variable air gap with said first pole piece, the value of which varies with the movement of the movable frame.
  • a magnetic trip device of the kind mentioned is generally associated with a current cut-off device, in particular with a circuit breaker for protecting lines or devices against short-circuit currents.
  • the trigger threshold must be adapted to the protected installation, and the triggers advantageously include an adjustment of this threshold.
  • the known adjustments act either on the restoring force of the movable member of the trigger, or on the length of the air gap, but the adjustment possibilities are limited, and these adjustments are not linear.
  • the adjustment range must be large, the threshold being able to vary from 1 to 5 or even more, in particular when it is a question of protecting an electric motor.
  • Known adjustment devices are incapable of ensuring linearity over such an adjustment range and do not meet current needs.
  • the object of the invention is to enable the production of a magnetic trip device with a broad, substantially linear adjustment range over the entire adjustment range, while retaining the simplicity essential for proper operation.
  • the magnetic trip device is characterized in that what said movable armature comprises a second part mechanically integral with the first part, and magnetically insulated from the latter, that said second part defines with said second pole piece a second variable air gap whose value varies with the displacement of the armature mobile, the effects of attraction exerted on the mobile armature by the magnetic fields generated by the coil in said first and second variable air gaps being antagonistic and that an adjustment device is arranged to fix the initial position of the mobile armature and to adjust the trigger threshold substantially linearly.
  • the two plunger cores are mechanically integral but magnetically isolated from each other and they define a distribution of the magnetic flux generated by the coil, depending on the reluctance of the different paths, in proportion to the respective values of the different air gaps.
  • the first plunger core acts in the triggering direction, while the second plunger core acts in the reverse direction, and the magnetic circuit of this second plunger core is arranged to be saturated before that of the first plunger core.
  • the triggering threshold is modified by adjusting the initial position of the movable armature, a minimum threshold, for example three times the nominal current, corresponding to a position of the movable armature in which only the first plunger core acting in the direction of the trigger is active.
  • a minimum threshold for example three times the nominal current
  • the movable armature is arranged so as to cause the two plunger cores to act, the action of the first core being predominant, but strongly counteracted by the action of the second plunger core.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises a tubular part on which the excitation coil is disposed, this tubular part being subdivided into two parts spaced longitudinally by a fixed air gap, so as to define two coaxial pole pieces arranged in the extension of one another.
  • the first pole piece has an internal diameter smaller than that of the second pole piece, and the second plunger core is slidably mounted inside this first pole piece, while the first plunger core is slidably mounted inside of the second pole piece of greater internal diameter.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises two U-shaped parts arranged face to face and cooperating with a paddle frame.
  • a magnetic trip device consists of a fixed magnetic circuit 1, an excitation coil 2 and a movable assembly comprising two plunger cores 5,6 fixed on a connecting rod 3 and urged by a return spring 4.
  • the coil 2 is arranged around a first 7 and a second 8 pole piece belonging to the magnetic circuit 1, the two pole pieces 7,8 being of cylindrical coaxial tubular shape being separated by a fixed axial air gap 9.
  • the two pieces polar 7,8 are connected by an external carcass 10 of the magnetic circuit 1.
  • the external diameters of the pole pieces 7,8 are identical, while the internal diameter of the first pole piece 7 is less than that of the second pole piece 8.
  • a movable frame 11 comprising a first plunger core 6 mounted to slide with little play in the second pole piece 8, and a second plunger core 5 mounted to slide in the first piece polar 7.
  • the two plunger cores 5, 6 are fixed to the sliding rod 3, the end 12 of which is arranged as a striker cooperates with a trigger lever 13.
  • the two plunger cores 5, 6 are spaced apart longitudinally so as to create an air gap magnetic insulation of the two cores 5,6, the rod 3 being for example of a non-magnetic material.
  • the position of the movable armature biased downward in FIG. 1 by the return spring 4, is determined by a stop nut 14 carried by the rod 3, and cooperating with a fixed part, for example of the magnetic circuit 1. This stop can be achieved differently.
  • a first part 15 of the magnetic flux crosses the axial air gap 9 between the two pole pieces 7,8 and closes by the carcass 10. This magnetic flux 15 has no effect on the movable armature 11.
  • a second active part 16 of the magnetic flux shown on the left part of the figures, crosses a first air gap 17 between the first pole piece 7 and the first plunger core 6, to be close through the second pole piece 8 and the carcass 10. This second magnetic flux 16 exerts on the first plunger core 6, a force of attraction tending to move it upwards in FIG. 1 in the direction of actuation of the lever. trigger 13, against the force of the return spring 4.
  • a third part 18 of active magnetic flux extends through a second air gap 19, between the second plunger core 5 and the second pole piece 8.
  • This second magnetic flux 18 closes through the carcass 10, the first pole piece 7, and a fixed radial air gap 20 defined by the clearance between the first pole piece 7 and the second plunger core 5.
  • the force exerted on the movable armature 11 is opposite to the triggering direction, and it is antagonistic to that of the first plunger core 6.
  • the first air gap 17 and the second air gap 19 varies during the movement of the movable armature 11, the first air gap 17 decreasing during an upward movement of the mobile assembly 11, in the direction trigger and the second gap 19 increasing.
  • the first air gap 17 is defined by a frustoconical surface of the first plunger core 6, which cooperates with a chamfer 21 of the first pole piece 7, so as to increase the surfaces of active air gaps.
  • the setting of the triggering threshold is carried out as follows: In FIG. 3 is shown the position corresponding to a setting of the minimum tripping threshold, for example three times the nominal value of the current In (see FIG. 4).
  • the adjusting nut 14 is screwed so as to move the moving element 11 in the high position, close to the trigger lever 13, this position being defined by a minimum distance "d", for example between the end 12 of the sliding rod 3, and the trigger lever 13.
  • a minimum distance "d" for example between the end 12 of the sliding rod 3
  • the first air gap 17 is very small, and that almost all of the magnetic flux travels this path through the first pole piece 7 and the first plunger core 6.
  • the second plunger core 5 is distant from the corresponding pole piece 8 and the leaks magnetic through this path are almost negligible.
  • FIG. 2 represents the adjustment position corresponding to the other extreme value of the triggering threshold.
  • the adjusting nut 14 has been unscrewed to allow sliding downwards in FIG. 2 of the mobile assembly 11.
  • the first air gap 17 between the first pole piece 7 and the first plunger core 6 is important.
  • the attraction of the first plunger core 6 is nevertheless predominant, but the triggering movement occurs only when the current flowing through the coil 2 exceeds a large threshold value, for example eleven times the nominal current.
  • the triggering effect is favored by the saturation of the lines of force passing through the second pole piece 8 and the second plunger core 5 of smaller cross section than that of the first pole piece 7, and of the first plunger core 6.
  • FIG. 1 An intermediate position is shown in Figure 1 corresponding for example to a trigger threshold of seven times the nominal value of the current.
  • the antagonistic effect of the second plunger core 5 is present but has been notably reduced compared to that corresponding to the position represented in FIG. 2.
  • the combined action of the two plunger cores 5,6 allows a quasi-linearity of the adjustment of the threshold trigger over a wide adjustment range sufficient for current magnetic trip devices, in particular for protecting electric motors.
  • the magnetic trip device according to the invention is comparable to the usual structure of such trip devices and it does not use any fragile or imprecise adjustment element.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the magnetic trip device according to the invention, in which a fixed magnetic circuit 21 of generally rectangular shape is constituted by a first pole piece 22 in the form of U and a second pole piece 23 in the form of U, arranged face to face, being separated by two fixed air gaps 24.
  • the movable assembly 25 is arranged inside this magnetic circuit 21 and comprises on the one hand a pallet 26, which during a sliding of the moving part moves away and approaches the first pole piece 22, and on the other hand two plates 27 magnetically isolated from the pallet 26 by an insulating piece 28 and magnetically isolated from each other by a fixed air gap 29, said ferromagnetic plates 27 being arranged opposite the fixed air gaps 24.
  • the fixed magnetic circuit 21 carries the excitation conductor 2 and the spring 4 surrounding the sliding rod 3 of the crew m obile 25, urges the latter in the low position in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • this trigger is similar to that described above and it suffices to recall that in the minimum threshold adjustment position, shown in FIG. 6, the pallet 26 is at a small distance from the first pole piece 22, the antagonistic effect due to platelets 27 being zero. This results in a significant attraction force for the moving assembly 25 as soon as the driver 2 is excited and a low triggering threshold. In the position illustrated in FIG. 7, the pallet 26 is significantly separated from the first pole piece 22, while the plates 27 are brought closer to the second pole piece 23 and are subjected to a force opposing the attraction of the pallet 26 .
  • the invention is of course in no way limited to the mode of implementation more particularly described, but it extends to variants, in particular to that in which the rod 3 is made of magnetic material, but of negligible section, or that in which the coil 2 would be in a different location from the magnetic circuit, or where the revolving parts would be replaced by profiles by arranging the air gaps outside the coil.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Magnetischer Auslöser mit großem Einstellbereich für den Ansprechwert, der einen feststehenden Magnetkreis (1, 21) mit einer Erregerspule (2), ein erstes und ein zweites Polstück (7, 22; 8, 23), die fluchtend übereinander angeordnet und durch einen konstanten Luftspalt (9, 24) getrennt sind, sowie einen im Inneren des genannten feststehenden Magnetkreises (1, 21) verschiebbar gelagerten Anker (11, 25) aufweist, dessen erster Teil (6, 26) eine Polfläche besitzt und mit dem genannten ersten Polstück (7, 22) einen ersten veränderbaren Luftspalt (17) bildet, dessen Breite sich durch Bewegung des Ankers (11, 25) variieren läßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte Anker (11, 25) ein mechanisch mit dem ersten Teil (6, 26) verbundenen und magnetisch von diesem isolierten Zweiten Teil (5, 27) aufweist, daß der genannte zweite Teil (5, 27) mit dem genannten zweiten Polstück (8, 23) einen zweiten, über die Bewegung des Ankers (11, 25) veränderbaren Luftspalt (19) bildet, wobei die Anziehungswirkungen, die durch die von der Spule (2) im genannten ersten und zweiten veränderbaren Luftspalt (17, 19) induzierten Magnetfelder auf den Anker (11, 25) ausgeübt werden, einander entgegengesetzt sind, und daß mit Hilfe einer Einstellvorrichtung (14) die Ausgangsstellung des Ankers (11, 25) bestimmt sowie der Ansprechwert annähernd linear eingestellt werden können.
  2. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte erste und zweite Teil (6, 5) des Ankers (11) jeweils durch einen im Inneren des ersten und zweiten rohrförmigen Polstücks (7, 8) verschiebbar gelagerten Tauchkern gebildet wird.
  3. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte erste Teil des Ankers durch eine gegenüber den Flächen des Luftspalts des ersten U-förmigen Polstücks (22) angeordnete Platte (26) gebildet wird und daß der genannte zweite Teil des Ankers aus zwei Stäben (27) besteht, die mit dem zweiten, gegenüber dem ersten Polstück (22) angeordneten, U-förmigen Polstück (23) zusammenwirken.
  4. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des genannten ersten Polstücks (7) und/oder des genannten ersten Ankerteils (6) größer ist als derjenige des genannten zweiten Polstücks (8) und/oder des genannten zweiten Ankerteils (5) und daß das genannte erste Polstück (7) auf den Anker (11) eine Anziehungswirkung in Auslöserichtung ausübt.
  5. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser des zweiten Tauchkerns (5) kleiner ist als der des ersten Tauchkerns (6) und daß der zweite Tauchkern (5) verschiebbar im ersten Polstück (7) gelagert ist.
  6. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, 2, 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Tauchkerne (5, 6) auf einem sich in Richtung der Achse der genannten Polstücke (7, 8) erstreckenden beweglichen Tragschieber (3) montiert sind, wobei die beiden Kerne (5, 6) in Längsrichtung einen bestimmten Abstand voneinander aufweisen, und daß der erste Tauchkern (6) neben dem zweiten Polstück (8) angeordnet ist, während der zweite Tauchkern (5) neben dem ersten Polstück (7) angeordnet ist.
  7. Magnetischer Auslöser nach einem der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Anker (11, 25) in der Einstellung für den minimalen Ansprechwert in einer Stellung mit minimaler Breite des genannten ersten veränderbaren Luftspalts (17) und maximaler Breite des genannten zweiten veränderbaren Luftspalts (19) befindet, wobei die Gegenwirkung des zweiten Tauchkerns (5) oder der Stäbe (27) gleich null ist.
  8. Magnetischer Auslöser nach einem der oben genannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Rückholfeder (4) den Anker (11, 25) gegen einen Anschlag drückt, der durch eine Mutter (14) zur Einstellung des Ansprechwerts gebildet wird.
  9. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (2) um die beiden genannten, durch einen äußeren Mantel (10) verbunden Polstücke (7, 8) gelegt ist.
  10. Magnetischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (2) auf dem genannten U-förmigen ersten Polstück (22) montiert ist.
EP89420410A 1988-11-16 1989-10-25 Magnetischer Auslöser mit breitem Bereich zur Regelung des Auslöseansprechwertes Expired - Lifetime EP0369899B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8815198 1988-11-16
FR8815198A FR2639148B1 (fr) 1988-11-16 1988-11-16 Declencheur magnetique a large plage de reglage du seuil de declenchement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0369899A1 EP0369899A1 (de) 1990-05-23
EP0369899B1 true EP0369899B1 (de) 1994-01-05

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EP89420410A Expired - Lifetime EP0369899B1 (de) 1988-11-16 1989-10-25 Magnetischer Auslöser mit breitem Bereich zur Regelung des Auslöseansprechwertes

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4965543A (de)
EP (1) EP0369899B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2907900B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1021527C (de)
CA (1) CA2001846A1 (de)
DE (1) DE68912088T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2049345T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2639148B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA898420B (de)

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JP2907900B2 (ja) 1999-06-21
DE68912088D1 (de) 1994-02-17
ZA898420B (en) 1990-06-27
CA2001846A1 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0369899A1 (de) 1990-05-23
CN1021527C (zh) 1993-07-07
ES2049345T3 (es) 1994-04-16
FR2639148B1 (fr) 1991-08-02
DE68912088T2 (de) 1994-06-09
FR2639148A1 (fr) 1990-05-18
JPH02189837A (ja) 1990-07-25
CN1042801A (zh) 1990-06-06
US4965543A (en) 1990-10-23

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