EP1082505B1 - Procede de demolition d'un immeuble et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede - Google Patents
Procede de demolition d'un immeuble et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1082505B1 EP1082505B1 EP99970442A EP99970442A EP1082505B1 EP 1082505 B1 EP1082505 B1 EP 1082505B1 EP 99970442 A EP99970442 A EP 99970442A EP 99970442 A EP99970442 A EP 99970442A EP 1082505 B1 EP1082505 B1 EP 1082505B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- demolition
- walls
- load
- building
- cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of demolishing a building of several floors consisting of a set of load-bearing walls which are substantially parallel to each other commonly called sails and a set of slabs defining the floors, the slabs being substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to said load-bearing walls.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy this lack by proposing a method and demolition equipment suitable for all types of buildings without height limitation.
- This is of course a process which does not use explosives, leading to a demolition that does not exceed the right of way of the building in soil, having a cost of implementation much lower than that of caving given that there is no need to provide for the evacuation of a security perimeter, nor the interruption of traffic, and whose completion time is relatively quick.
- this process is also safe for operators given that it is not necessary to weaken the structure of the building.
- it can be supplemented by a safety device which restores the stability of the building in the event that a technical incident occurs before the final phase of demolition.
- the number of strands and hauling pulleys to be installed is defined. function of a multiplying coefficient of the tensile force that one wishes obtain to knock down said load-bearing walls.
- holes are drilled in the load-bearing walls intermediaries arranged between the two load-bearing walls supporting said pulleys hauling, these openings being arranged to allow the passage of the strands of said hauling cable.
- these cylinders are ordered simultaneously so that they change state so as to induce a thrust force complementary to the force of traction.
- these cylinders are controlled simultaneously so that they return to their initial state so as to induce a reverse thrust force at the tractive force.
- the building 1 to be demolished consists of a set of load-bearing walls 2 commonly called sails and a set of slabs 3 defining the numbered floors from the ground floor to the 17th.
- Load-bearing walls 2 and the slabs 3 schematically form a grid of parts 4.
- the method of demolition according to the invention consists in demolishing this building by collapsing the top to bottom, exercising on a chosen floor, for example in the last third of the building and more precisely in the example illustrated on the 13th floor, a traction between two parallel load-bearing walls oriented diagonally, having the effect knock down these two load-bearing walls in the direction of arrow F, causing the collapse other load-bearing walls and slabs of the upper floors which collapse on each other the others and, by their weight, cause the collapse of the lower floors.
- This a slaughter operation is enough to demolish the building in a single operation. The any remaining parts are then demolished using a hydraulic shovel.
- the number of strands 7c and hauling pulleys 5 to be installed is chosen according to a multiplier coefficient of the tensile force that one wishes to obtain for knock down the load-bearing walls 2 which carry said pulleys. This coefficient is so known proportional to the number of strands. This allows, for example with a winch 8 pulling at 30 tonnes, exerting force on the hauling pulleys 5 traction of 300 tonnes. The pulling force required to knock down load-bearing walls can be calculated or simply estimated very widely.
- the demolition equipment allowing the implementation of this process includes a defined number of hauling pulleys 5, as many mooring devices 6, one cable hauling 7 and a traction winch 8 placed on the ground at the foot of the building 1.
- a return pulley 9 is provided for deflecting the hauling cable 7 substantially at right angle.
- the winch 8 can be placed all around the building on a perimeter of 360 ° with respect to the first hauling pulley 5, the tensile force remaining the even.
- the hauling pulleys 5 are fixed on two parallel load-bearing walls 2 by means mooring devices 6 placed in staggered rows and distributed over all or part of the length of said walls.
- a series of hauling pulleys is arranged in the upper part of one of the walls and the other series of hauling pulleys is arranged in the part bottom of the other wall (see fig. 1) so as to orient the tensile forces in the diagonal.
- the hauling cable 7 goes from one pulley to another, and from one wall to the other, in a zig zag.
- each mooring device 6 includes at least one mooring cable 61 terminated by two loops 62, 63, this cable being housed in a hole 64 through through formed in said bearing wall 2, a metal tube 65 being threaded in a first loop 62 and blocking said cable 61 at the rear of said wall 2, the other loop 63 carrying said hauling pulley 5 mounted for example in a stirrup 66.
- This mooring device 6 is designed in a rudimentary manner but it has the advantage of being very efficient, inexpensive and easy to install.
- the through hole 64 is preferably but not necessarily arranged in the angle formed between a load-bearing wall 2 and a slab 3. Of course, other mooring devices can be used.
- the traction winch 8 is started by means of a remote control.
- the tensile force exerted by the winch 8 on the hauling rope 7 is reflected with a multiplier coefficient on the hauling pulleys 5 which will pull in diagonally the two load-bearing walls 2 towards each other until the wall carrying the pulleys in its upper part collapses on the slab 3 of the stage concerned towards the other wall in the direction of arrow F.
- the slabs and the walls of the floors superiors collapse on this floor resulting in their weight, the collapse of walls and slabs of the lower floors.
- hauling devices can be arranged inside the building, these devices can be ordered simultaneously.
- this demolition equipment is advantageously supplemented by a device for security which restores the building's stability in the event of a technical incident noted at the start of the demolition operation.
- this safety device comprises at least two safety cylinders 11, 12 arranged to constitute braces in two adjacent rooms 4 located on the same floor and separated by at least one intermediate load-bearing wall 2.
- the cylinder 11 oriented in the felling direction of the walls represented by the arrow F is in retracted position and the cylinder 12 oriented in the opposite direction to the felling direction of the walls according to arrow F is in the extended position.
- several safety cylinders 11, 12 can be provided depending on the configuration of the building. Likewise, locations indicated above are not limiting.
- These cylinders 11, 12 are remotely controlled like the traction winch 8.
- Each safety cylinder 11, 12 consists of a single-acting cylinder, for example hydraulic or pneumatic, arranged in a diagonal of said part 4 and taking support in the corresponding angles of this part reinforced by angles metallic 13.
- the stroke of these safety cylinders 11, 12 is for example 50 cm.
- Each safety cylinder 11, 12 has a body 110, 120 welded to a log metal 14 housed in one of the angles 13, as well as a rod 111,121 connected to a elongated support piece 15, 15 'welded to a metal log 14 housed in the other angle 13.
- the jack 12 additionally comprises a protective element 16 disposed between its rod 121 and its support piece 15 and arranged to protect said cylinder.
- these jacks 11 and 12 are arranged to generate a force of additional thrust to the pulling force due to the hauling device.
- the jack 11 which is in the initial retracted position, is powered to take out its rod 111 and push the elongated support piece 15 into the angle where it is supported, generating a force component in the felling direction of the walls according to arrow F.
- the supply to the jack 12, which is in the initial extended position is cut causing the retraction of its rod 121 and the recoil of the elongated support piece 15 'and of the protective element 16 so as to eliminate the bracing in this piece 4 allowing the wall 2 and the slab 3 to move in the felling direction along arrow F.
- the operator can immediately stop the traction winch 8 and restore the safety cylinders 11 and 12 to their initial position, that is to say in retracted position for cylinder 11 and in extended position for cylinder 12 so that restore bracing that consolidates and stabilizes the structure of the building. Thanks to this safety device, interventions can still be undertaken at inside the building safe for operators.
- braces described above can also consist of other materials, for example telescopic arms, the main thing being power, from a distance, restore them to their original position in the event of an incident and before demolition.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
Description
- la solution à boule, la plus ancienne, qui consiste à déformer les murs et les dalles sous l'action d'une boule massive projetée de façon répétitive contre le bâtiment, cette boule étant suspendue à l'extrémité du bras d'un engin mécanique ou d'une grue,
- la solution mécanique classique : à grignotage à l'aide d'un engin de chantier hydraulique pourvu d'un bras pouvant atteindre environ 30 mètres et d'une pelle, qui est limitée à des immeubles d'environ 8 à 10 étages maximum,
- la solution du foudroyage à l'explosif, qui consiste à disposer des charges explosives à des endroits prédéterminés pour provoquer l'effondrement global du bâtiment.
- on met en place, à un étage défini de l'immeuble, sur deux murs porteurs parallèles respectivement une série de poulies de mouflage au moyen d'un dispositif d'amarrage, ces poulies étant disposées sensiblement à intervalles réguliers, en quinconce, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de ces murs,
- on dispose un câble de mouflage entre ces poulies, l'une des extrémités du câble étant fixée rigidement à un des murs porteurs, le câble passant d'une poulie d'un mur à une poulie de l'autre mur en zig zag et l'autre extrémité du câble étant fixée rigidement à un treuil de traction, le câble de mouflage étant ainsi partagé en autant de brins que de poulies de mouflage, et
- on commande à distance la rotation dudit treuil agencé pour tirer sur le câble de mouflage, répercutant cet effort de traction sur les brins et poulies de mouflage de manière à abattre les murs porteurs dans un sens défini provoquant l'écroulement des dalles et des murs des étages supérieurs sur ceux des étages inférieurs qui s'écroulent sur eux-mêmes sous l'effet du poids des étages supérieurs.
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un immeuble à démolir avec le positionnement de l'équipement de démolition selon l'invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du détail A de la figure 1 représentant les murs porteurs et la disposition du câble de mouflage entre ces murs,
- la figure 3 est une vue de détail d'un dispositif d'amarrage d'une poulie de mouflage, et
- les figures 4A et 4B sont des vues agrandies des détails B et C de la figure 1 représentant les vérins de sécurité formant des contreventements.
- on met en place sur deux murs porteurs 2 parallèles respectivement une série de poulies de mouflage 5 au moyen d'un dispositif d'amarrage 6, ces poulies étant disposées sensiblement à intervalles réguliers, en quinconce, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de ces murs,
- on dispose un câble de mouflage 7 entre ces poulies 5, l'une des extrémités 7a du câble étant fixée rigidement à un des murs porteurs 2, le câble passant d'une poulie d'un mur à une poulie de l'autre mur en zig zag et l'autre extrémité 7b du câble étant fixée rigidement à un treuil de traction 8, le câble de mouflage 7 étant ainsi partagé en autant de brins 7c que de poulies de mouflage 5, et
- on commande à distance la rotation dudit treuil 8 agencé pour tirer sur le câble de mouflage 7, répercutant cet effort de traction sur les brins 7c et poulies de mouflage 5 de manière à abattre ces deux murs porteurs 2 dans le sens de la flèche F provoquant l'écroulement des dalles 3 et des murs 2 des étages supérieurs sur ceux des étages inférieurs qui s'écroulent sur eux mêmes sous l'effet du poids des étages supérieurs.
Claims (7)
- Procédé de démolition d'un immeuble de plusieurs étages constitué d'un ensemble de murs porteurs sensiblement parallèles entre eux appelés couramment des voiles et d'un ensemble de dalles délimitant les étages, les dalles étant sensiblement parallèles entre elles et sensiblement perpendiculaires auxdits murs porteurs, ce procédé consistant à démolir l'immeuble du haut vers le bas par écroulement à la manière d'un château de cartes et comportant les étapes suivantes :on met en place, à un étage défini de l'immeuble, sur deux murs porteurs (2) parallèles respectivement une série de poulies de mouflage (5) au moyen d'un dispositif d'amarrage (6), ces poulies étant disposées sensiblement à intervalles réguliers, en quinconce, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de ces murs,on dispose un câble de mouflage (7) entre ces poulies, l'une (7a) des extrémités du câble étant fixée rigidement à un des murs porteurs (2), le câble (7) passant d'une poulie (5) d'un mur à une poulie de l'autre mur en zig zag et l'autre extrémité (7b) du câble étant fixée rigidement à un treuil de traction (8), le câble de mouflage étant ainsi partagé en autant de brins (7c) que de poulies de mouflage, eton commande à distance la rotation dudit treuil (8) agencé pour tirer sur le câble de mouflage (7), répercutant cet effort de traction sur les brins (7c) et poulies de mouflage (5) de manière à abattre les deux murs porteurs (2) dans un sens défini (F) provoquant l'écroulement des dalles (3) et des murs (2) des étages supérieurs sur ceux des étages inférieurs qui s'écroulent sur eux mêmes sous l'effet du poids des étages supérieurs.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on définit le nombre de brins (7c) et de poulies de mouflage (5) à installer en fonction d'un coefficient multiplicateur de l'effort de traction que l'on souhaite obtenir.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on perce des ouvertures (10) dans les murs porteurs (2) intermédiaires disposés entre les deux murs porteurs (2) supportant lesdites poulies de mouflage (5), ces ouvertures étant agencées pour permettre le passage des brins dudit câble de mouflage.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose une série de poulies de mouflage dans la partie supérieure d'un des murs porteurs et l'autre série de poulies de mouflage dans la partie inférieure de l'autre mur porteur pour définir le sens d'abattage (F) desdits murs.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en place, dans l'étage défini de l'immeuble, au moins deux vérins de sécurité (11, 12) disposés en opposition et formant deux contreventements dans deux pièces (4) adjacentes séparées par au moins un mur porteur (2) intermédiaire, le vérin (11) orienté dans le sens d'abattage des murs étant en position rentrée et le vérin (12) orienté dans le sens inverse d'abattage des murs étant en position sortie.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, en phase de démolition, l'on commande ces vérins (11, 12) simultanément pour qu'ils changent d'état de manière à induire une force de poussée complémentaire à la force de traction.
- Procédé de démolition selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, en cas d'incident technique, l'on commande ces vérins (11, 12) simultanément pour qu'ils reviennent dans leur état initial de manière à induire une force de poussée inverse à la force de traction.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9812763 | 1998-10-08 | ||
FR9812763A FR2784412B1 (fr) | 1998-10-08 | 1998-10-08 | Procede de demolition d'un immeuble et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
PCT/FR1999/002351 WO2000022258A1 (fr) | 1998-10-08 | 1999-10-04 | Procede de demolition d'un immeuble et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1082505A1 EP1082505A1 (fr) | 2001-03-14 |
EP1082505B1 true EP1082505B1 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
Family
ID=9531457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99970442A Expired - Lifetime EP1082505B1 (fr) | 1998-10-08 | 1999-10-04 | Procede de demolition d'un immeuble et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1082505B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE267316T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5988499A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69917448T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2221480T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2784412B1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1082505E (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000022258A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL1020143C2 (nl) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-09-12 | A Van Der Wal Sloopwerken B V | Systeem en werkwijze voor het slopen van gebouwen. |
FR2867801A1 (fr) | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-23 | Cardem Demolition Sa | Procede pour demolir un immeuble notamment au moyen de cables |
FR2987386B1 (fr) | 2012-02-23 | 2021-01-29 | Colas Sa | Procede de demolition par verinage, chassis de verin(s) et appareils de poussee et de contreventement |
CN115182609B (zh) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-06-23 | 上海建工四建集团有限公司 | 剪力墙结构高层建筑逆向拆除水平传力系统及其使用方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR917320A (fr) * | 1945-06-21 | 1947-01-03 | Marseillaise Des Entpr S Chauf | Moyen rapide de démolition d'ouvrages importants en maçonnerie, en béton ou en autres matériaux de construction, caractérisés par des murs épais ou de grande longueur ou de grande hauteur |
JPS535463B2 (fr) * | 1972-09-08 | 1978-02-27 | ||
DE3319702C1 (de) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-08-23 | Kurt Dipl.-Ing. 7300 Esslingen Stoll | Verfahren zum Abbrechen von Gebäuden und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens |
-
1998
- 1998-10-08 FR FR9812763A patent/FR2784412B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-10-04 EP EP99970442A patent/EP1082505B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-04 DE DE69917448T patent/DE69917448T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-04 AT AT99970442T patent/ATE267316T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-04 ES ES99970442T patent/ES2221480T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-04 PT PT99970442T patent/PT1082505E/pt unknown
- 1999-10-04 AU AU59884/99A patent/AU5988499A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-04 WO PCT/FR1999/002351 patent/WO2000022258A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69917448T2 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
FR2784412B1 (fr) | 2003-06-13 |
PT1082505E (pt) | 2004-09-30 |
ES2221480T3 (es) | 2004-12-16 |
AU5988499A (en) | 2000-05-01 |
FR2784412A1 (fr) | 2000-04-14 |
WO2000022258A1 (fr) | 2000-04-20 |
ATE267316T1 (de) | 2004-06-15 |
DE69917448D1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
EP1082505A1 (fr) | 2001-03-14 |
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