EP1081331A1 - Verfahren und Absauganlage zum Entlüften bzw. Rauchgasabsaugen in einem Tunnel - Google Patents
Verfahren und Absauganlage zum Entlüften bzw. Rauchgasabsaugen in einem Tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1081331A1 EP1081331A1 EP00118829A EP00118829A EP1081331A1 EP 1081331 A1 EP1081331 A1 EP 1081331A1 EP 00118829 A EP00118829 A EP 00118829A EP 00118829 A EP00118829 A EP 00118829A EP 1081331 A1 EP1081331 A1 EP 1081331A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- exhaust air
- air duct
- extraction system
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
Definitions
- the invention of the present additional application relates to a method for venting and / or extracting flue gas in an emergency with fire in a tunnel, especially car or railroad tunnel.
- the invention further relates to an extraction system for a tunnel, in particular Car or railroad tunnel, with an exhaust duct with appropriate exhaust duct openings opening into the tunnel.
- the Invention a use of a device for detection and suction of fluids.Tunnels for motor vehicles get moving together Europe is becoming increasingly important as a link between the north and south, east and west. In urban areas too, it can be expected that in particular to reduce noise and exhaust pollution or as accelerated traffic route in city crossings more and more streets built underground as a tunnel or relocated to an underground tunnel become. With a correspondingly increasing number of users increasing traffic and associated increased The danger of accidents is the safety of a tunnel in terms of escape and Rescue options in the event of a fire are essential Point.
- a fire ventilation system plays a central role here.
- a flow in particular a vortex flow in particular in the upper area of the tunnel cross-section air is extracted radially or tangentially and an exhaust air duct at one Ceiling of the tunnel is fed or that inside or below a Area, in particular an upper third of a tunnel cross-section one parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel and / or transverse Detection flow is formed, which is a uniform detection guaranteed over the length of the detection flow, especially one Vortex flow from which radial or tangential air is sucked out and one Exhaust duct is supplied to a ceiling of the tunnel.
- At least on or at least a device in the area of an exhaust air duct opening of the exhaust air duct for influencing an air flow in the area of the exhaust air duct opening and / or in a tunnel area below the exhaust air duct opening is arranged.
- the exhaust air duct is expediently arranged on a ceiling of the tunnel.
- a uniform suction over all suction openings can be achieved that the exhaust duct in particular on the ceiling of the tunnel is arranged axially parallel and centrally to this or laterally offset.
- the exhaust air duct has an exhaust air opening for the final discharge of flue gas to the environment.
- the influencing device comprises the air flow at least a stabilized swirl flow partially enclosing and guiding this swirl flow, which is, for example, partially cylindrical.
- the jacket extends axially with respect to the jacket Inflow opening and several suction openings, which with the Exhaust duct opening are connected.
- the suction openings are for example arranged tangentially or radially to the swirl flow.
- each suction opening has a tube, which extends into the coat.
- Cross smoke extraction is achieved by superimposing the vacuum fields in the two jacket pipes that run along the tunnel wall are and possibly by a flow around the separation apron, so that too smoke is extracted in the transverse direction with respect to the tunnel, since this vortex flow the smoke is directly and actively conveyed to the coat before the smoke can spread further.
- each of the partitions extends at least to the lower edge of the casing tube.
- a device for manufacturing is expediently in the exhaust air duct an air sink or a negative pressure, in particular a fan, intended.
- the flow mentioned is advantageously vertically below the Exhaust duct openings are formed so that the flue gases on the shortest Get into the exhaust air duct and from there with a high volume output can be removed.
- the device for influencing an air flow in the Arranged in the middle of the tunnel As already explained, such Arrangement a particularly efficient suction can be achieved.
- the device mentioned for influencing an air flow vertically below the exhaust duct opening of the exhaust duct. That way they can Flue gases in the shortest possible way up through the exhaust air duct openings and be transported from there into the exhaust air duct.
- the device for Influencing an air flow symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel. This can result in a substantially symmetrical Training of suction flows in the tunnel can be achieved, so that there is even smoke extraction over the entire width of the tunnel can be done.
- the embodiment of an extraction system 100 shown in FIG Detection and suction of fluids in a tunnel 10 includes one Tunnel ceiling 12 an exhaust air duct 11 with at least one exhaust air duct opening 14, which is connected to the exhaust air duct 11.
- This exhaust duct 11 extends below the tunnel ceiling 12, for example, axially parallel to the tunnel 10, has several exhaust air duct openings connected to the tunnel 10 14 and a mouth, not shown, which opens into the environment Exhaust air opening.
- the suction system 100 also includes one preferably in the upper third to quarter of the tunnel cross-section extending separating apron 16, wherein in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 10 a plurality of separating aprons 16 are arranged at a distance from one another, which this upper area of the tunnel into several segments of for example Divide each 100 m.
- a segment The source of the fire with flue gas development remains on the tunnel ceiling 12 flowing smoke gases on the at least for a short time affected segment limited because the partitions on the tunnel ceiling 12th overflow into an adjacent segment of the tunnel 10 essentially prevent so that the remaining tunnel 10 or the rest Segments of the tunnel 10 as escape routes initially free of smoke gases stay.
- a device 18 for influencing is located below the exhaust air duct opening 14 an air flow 20 in the area of the exhaust air duct opening and / or provided in a tunnel area below the exhaust duct opening, which at least partially enclose a stabilized swirl flow and comprises this swirl-guiding jacket 22.
- An underpressure generated in the exhaust air duct leads to a Air flow from the tunnel 10 into the jacket 22, through the suction openings 24 and via the exhaust air duct opening 14 into the exhaust air duct 11.
- the arrangement and design of the jacket 22 in this air flow the desired eddy currents are set. Transport them suspended matter actively in tunnel 10, such as soot combustion in internal combustion engines of those driving through the tunnel 10 Motor vehicles or dust, to coat 22, where these suspended matter targeted suction. This achieves a targeted cleaning of the air in the Tunnel 10 with a lower air volume throughput through the extraction system 100.
- a total suction power is at one or, for example two still open exhaust duct openings 14 for removing flue gas available because it is an empirical value that for safe Flue gas discharge from the area of the fire about four to five times the volume of air must be extracted than the volume of flue gas arises from this source of fire.
- the optional opening and Closing the exhaust duct openings 14 enables that not entire system for all segments simultaneously to such a high Volume throughput must be designed, but that it is sufficient if this volume throughput per segment with only one or two open Exhaust duct openings 14 is reached.
- volume throughput is usually sufficient in the event of a fire an exhaust air duct opening 14 which corresponds to that segment of the tunnel 10 is assigned in which the source of the fire is located. Provided the source of the fire located at a transition from one segment to the next the smoke evacuation expediently in both bordering segments.
- a baffle 30 is arranged above the casing tube 22, one Channel 32 with the tunnel wall 28 with an approximately triangular cross section forms and the flue gas flow to the suction opening 24 in the false ceiling 34 leads.
- FIG 2 shows in cross section another suction system according to the present Invention.
- the same parts as in the extraction system according to Figure 1 are provided with the same reference numbers.
- the device 18 essentially consists of two symmetrical with respect of the tunnel longitudinal axis arranged cylindrical shells 22, which are open at the top and allow gases to enter.
- the coats 22 stabilize a swirl flow in their interior. Such a current is based on a photo from a series of tests in the field of Figure 2 shown.
- a suction opening is located centrally above the two jackets 22 14, which leads into the exhaust air duct 11. Via the exhaust air duct opening 14 can suck air tangentially from the swirl flow in the jackets 22 become.
- the exhaust air duct 11 is also centered along the longitudinal axis of the tunnel 16 arranged so that a total of short paths of the extracted air can be reached by the device 18 in the exhaust air duct 11.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Tunnels mit einer Absauganlage und
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Tunnels mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absauganlage.
- 100
- Absauganlage
- 10
- Tunnel
- 11
- Abluftkanal
- 12
- Tunneldecke
- 14
- Abluftkanalöffnung
- 16
- Trennschürze
- 18
- Vorrichtung zum Beeinflussen einer Luftströmung
- 20
- Luftströmung
- 21
- Zuströmöffnung
- 22
- Mantel
- 23
- Mantelunterkante
- 24
- Absaugöffnungen
- 26
- innerer Bereich des Mantels
- 28
- Tunnelwandung
- 30
- Leitblech
- 32
- Kanal
- 34
- Zwischendecke
- 36
- Rohr
Claims (21)
- Verfahren zum Entlüften und/oder Absaugen von Rauchgas bei einem Gefahrenfall mit Brand in einem Tunnel, insbesondere Auto- oder Eisenbahntunnel,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass innerhalb oder unterhalb eines oberen Bereiches, insbesondere eines oberen Drittels eines Tunnelquerschnitts eine parallel zur Tunnellängsachse und/oder quer verlaufende Erfassungsströmung ausgebildet wird, die eine gleichmäßige Erfassung über die Länge der Erfassungsströmung gewährleistet, insbesondere eine Wirbelströmung, aus der radial oder tangential Luft abgesaugt und einem Abluftkanal (11) an einer Decke des Tunnels zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die genannte Strömung in der Mitte des Tunnels (16) ausgebildet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Strömung vertikal unterhalb der Abluftkanalöffnungen (14) ausgebildet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine oder mehrere einem Brand im Tunnel nächstliegende Abluftkanalöffnungen (14) des Abluftkanals (11) geöffnet und die übrigen geschlossen werden. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Tunnel mittels in Tunnellängsrichtung voneinander beabstandeten Trennschürzen in einem oberen Drittel bis Viertel des Tunnelquerschnittes vertikal in einzelne Segmente aufgeteilt wird, wobei jedem Segment wenigstens eine Abluftkanalöffnung (14) des Abluftkanals (11) zugeordnet wird. - Absauganlage (100) für einen Tunnel (10), insbesondere Autotunnel, mit einem Abluftkanal (11) mit entsprechenden in den Tunnel mündenden Abluftkanalöffnungen (14),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mindestens an oder wenigstens im Bereich einer Abluftkanalöffnung (14) des Abluftkanals (11) eine Vorrichtung (18) zum Beeinflussen einer Luftströmung (20, 32) im Bereich der Abluftkanalöffnung (14)und/oder in einem Tunnelbereich unterhalb der Abluftkanalöffnung (14) angeordnet ist. - Absauganlage nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die genannte Vorrichtung (18) in der Mitte des Tunnels (16) angeordnet ist. - Absauganlage nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Vorrichtung (18) vertikal unterhalb der Abluftkanalöffnung (14) des Abluftkanals (11) angeordnet ist. - Absauganlage nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Vorrichtung (18) zum Beeinflussen einer Luftströmung symmetrisch bezüglich der Längsachse des Tunnels (16) aufgebaut ist. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Abluftkanal (11) an einer Decke (12) des Tunnels (10) angeordnet ist. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Abluftkanal (11) oberhalb des Tunnels (10) achsparallel und mittig zu diesem oder seitlich versetzt angeordnet ist. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Abluftkanal (11) eine Abluftöffnung an die Umgebung aufweist. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Vorrichtung (18) zum Beeinflussen der Luftströmung (20, 32) einen eine stabilisierte Drallströmung (20) wenigstens teilweise umschließenden und diese Drallströmung (20) führenden Mantel (22) umfasst. - Absauganlage (100) nach Anspruch 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Mantel (22) eine sich in axialer Richtung bezüglich des Mantels (22) erstreckende Zuströmöffnung (21) und mehrere Absaugöffnungen (24) aufweist, welche mit der Abluftkanalöffnung (14) verbunden sind. - Absauganlage (100) nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Absaugöffnungen (24) tangential oder radial zur Drallströmung (20) angeordnet sind. - Absauganlage (100) nach Anspruch 14 oder 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass jede Absaugöffnung (24) ein Rohr (36) aufweist, welches sich in den Mantel (22) hinein erstreckt. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Mantel (22) teilzylinderformig ausgebildet ist. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mehrere, in Tunnellängsrichtung voneinander beabstandete Trennschürzen (16) in einem oberen Bereich, insbesondere im oberen Drittel bis Viertel des Tunnelquerschnittes vorgesehen sind, welche den Tunnel (10) vertikal in einzelne Segmente aufteilen. - Absauganlage (100) nach Anspruch 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Trennschürze sich mindestens bis zur Unterkante (23) des Mantelrohres (22) erstreckt. - Absauganlage (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass in dem Abluftkanal (11) eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Luftsenke bzw. eines Unterdrucks, insbesondere ein Ventilator, vorgesehen ist. - Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zum Erfassen und Absaugen von Fluiden, insbesondere Luft und/oder anderen Gasen, mit einem eine stabilisierte Drallströmung wenigstens teilweise umschließenden und diese Drallströmung führenden Mantel, als Absauganlage für Rauchgas in einem Tunnel.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19941739 | 1999-09-02 | ||
DE19941739 | 1999-09-02 | ||
DE10009734A DE10009734A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 2000-03-02 | Verfahren und Absauganlage zum Entlüften bzw. Rauchgasabsaugen in einem Tunnel |
DE10009734 | 2000-03-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1081331A1 true EP1081331A1 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
EP1081331B1 EP1081331B1 (de) | 2004-08-11 |
Family
ID=26004597
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00118829A Expired - Lifetime EP1081331B1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 2000-08-31 | Verfahren und Absauganlage zum Entlüften bzw. Rauchgasabsaugen in einem Tunnel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1081331B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE273444T1 (de) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002101197A1 (de) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung mit brandschutzsystem. |
WO2002101198A2 (de) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen tunnel |
WO2002103163A1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-27 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen tunnel |
DE10136097A1 (de) * | 2001-06-13 | 2003-01-09 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen Tunnel |
DE10243224B3 (de) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-04-22 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Verfahren und Detektionssystem zur Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit von Fahrzeugen auf einer wenigstens eine Fahrspur aufweisenden Meßstrecke |
EP1630349A1 (de) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-03-01 | Ed. Züblin AG | Zwischendeckenkonstruktion im Tunnelbau und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
CN103244165A (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | 对撞击式呼吸区送风系统 |
NO338760B1 (no) * | 2014-02-06 | 2016-10-17 | W Giertsen As | System og framgangsmåte for ventilasjon av fjellrom, samt en viftekonstruksjon |
CN108798743A (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-13 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 一种铁路隧道口紧急救援站防排烟通风系统 |
CN111720153A (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | 一种隧道排烟系统 |
CN112943339A (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 清华大学 | 多匝道的隧道排烟试验系统及试验方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101340819B1 (ko) | 2012-02-24 | 2013-12-11 | (주)비엔텍아이엔씨 | 편측 댐퍼와 경사진 풍도 슬래브를 갖는 터널 |
EP2826953A3 (de) | 2013-07-15 | 2016-04-06 | Martin Kuhblank | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brandbekämpfung durch Rauchgasabsaugung |
DE102013012054A1 (de) | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-15 | Martin Kuhblank | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brandbekämpfung durch Rauchgasabsaugung |
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FR679344A (fr) * | 1928-12-08 | 1930-04-11 | Procédé pour la ventilation des souterrains dans lesquels circulent des trains à vapeur ou électriques | |
US2285387A (en) * | 1937-01-23 | 1942-06-09 | Bartholomai Alfred | Ventilating installation in tunnels |
DE1069658B (de) * | 1959-11-26 | J. M. Voith G.M.B.H., Heidenheim/Brenz | Belüftungsanordnung für unterirdische Verkehrstunnels | |
FR1376748A (fr) * | 1963-09-20 | 1964-10-31 | Perfectionnements à l'aération des tunnels et stations des chemins de fer souterrains | |
CH433424A (de) * | 1964-06-09 | 1967-04-15 | Shb Installations Projekt Ag | Lüftungseinrichtung in Strassentunnel |
FR2253877A1 (en) * | 1973-12-05 | 1975-07-04 | Sofrair | Pressure fed air ventilation for road tunnel - directs air tangentially down side wall from roof inlets |
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-
2000
- 2000-08-31 AT AT00118829T patent/ATE273444T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-31 EP EP00118829A patent/EP1081331B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002101197A1 (de) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung mit brandschutzsystem. |
WO2002101198A2 (de) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen tunnel |
DE10136097A1 (de) * | 2001-06-13 | 2003-01-09 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen Tunnel |
WO2002101198A3 (de) * | 2001-06-13 | 2003-05-01 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen tunnel |
DE10136097C2 (de) * | 2001-06-13 | 2003-10-16 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen Tunnel |
WO2002103163A1 (de) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-27 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Absaugvorrichtung für einen tunnel |
DE10243224B3 (de) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-04-22 | Thyssenkrupp Hiserv Gmbh | Verfahren und Detektionssystem zur Erhöhung der Verkehrssicherheit von Fahrzeugen auf einer wenigstens eine Fahrspur aufweisenden Meßstrecke |
EP1630349A1 (de) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-03-01 | Ed. Züblin AG | Zwischendeckenkonstruktion im Tunnelbau und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
CN103244165A (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | 对撞击式呼吸区送风系统 |
CN103244165B (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-05-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | 对撞击式呼吸区送风系统 |
NO338760B1 (no) * | 2014-02-06 | 2016-10-17 | W Giertsen As | System og framgangsmåte for ventilasjon av fjellrom, samt en viftekonstruksjon |
CN108798743A (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-13 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 一种铁路隧道口紧急救援站防排烟通风系统 |
CN108798743B (zh) * | 2018-07-31 | 2023-11-17 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | 一种铁路隧道口紧急救援站防排烟通风系统 |
CN111720153A (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | 一种隧道排烟系统 |
CN112943339A (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 清华大学 | 多匝道的隧道排烟试验系统及试验方法 |
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EP1081331B1 (de) | 2004-08-11 |
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