EP1077097A1 - Verwendung von Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen als Kernwerkstoff - Google Patents
Verwendung von Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen als Kernwerkstoff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1077097A1 EP1077097A1 EP00116659A EP00116659A EP1077097A1 EP 1077097 A1 EP1077097 A1 EP 1077097A1 EP 00116659 A EP00116659 A EP 00116659A EP 00116659 A EP00116659 A EP 00116659A EP 1077097 A1 EP1077097 A1 EP 1077097A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- use according
- plastic
- sol
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of plastic / carbon aerogels as the core material in molding.
- Cavities within the mold must be stable using a core be preformed. Such kernels are usually because of there prevailing high thermal and mechanical stress plastic-bonded ceramic powders. Disadvantage of Today's core manufacturing process is that removal the cores from the casting are only possible with extremely great effort is (e.g. combustion in an autoclave), the distribution of the sands in the core is inhomogeneous, crack germs exist, which among other things break under can lead to thermal-mechanical stress.
- Aerogels are highly porous, open-pore oxidic solids that are found in the Rule about sol-gel processes from metal alkoxides by polymerization, Polycondensation to gels and subsequent supercritical drying be won. For a few years now, too Gelling plastics using sol-gel processes and by supercritical Convert drying into a highly porous organic solid (see for example DE 195 23 382 A1, DE 694 09 161 T2 and US-A-5,086,085). Pyrolysis of such plastic aerogels under protective gas or in a vacuum at temperatures above 1000 ° C this converts to carbon aerogels around.
- plastic and Carbon aerogels have extremely low effective thermal conductivities (In the order of a few mW / K / m) and are considerably lighter.
- the physical and mechanical properties of plastic and carbon aerogels are documented in the literature (R.W. Pekala, C.T. Alviso, F.M. Kong, S.S. Hulsey; J. Non-Cryst. Solids 145 (1992) 90; R.W. Pekala, C.T. Alviso, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 270 (1992) 3; R. Petricevic, G. Reichenauer, V. Bock, A. Emmerling, J. Fricke; J.Non-Cryst.Solids (1998)). They can be admired by the raw materials, their mixture and the manufacturing process vary widely.
- the above object is achieved in a first embodiment through the use of highly porous, open-pore plastic and / or Carbon aerogels, obtainable by sol-gel polymerization of organic plastic materials as the core material for molding.
- Cores of any shape can be produced because the starting solution in a corresponding negative form is inserted and gelled (as material PTFE is particularly suitable for these shapes). It can also through professional adjustment of the composition and gelling conditions the transition from sol to solid gel can be delayed so that A highly viscous, flowable mass is created, which is introduced into every shape can be. It is also possible to use ceramic powder and fiber add to the sol if this is due to the expected mechanical stress appears necessary.
- the aerogels produced according to the invention are particularly suitable as cores for the formation of cavities when casting aluminum alloys (whereby the mold is practically not heated must, since there is no heat dissipation by them). This increases the economy because energy costs can be reduced.
- Magnesium and titanium alloys also do not react with carbon, so these carbon aerogels are also suitable for these alloys Offer protective gas or vacuum as the core.
- a particular advantage of aerogels is that the sol-gel formation can be completed at room temperature.
- a supercritical Drying, as with the purely inorganic gels, is not necessary. Nevertheless, it is possible to determine the pore size in the micrometer range adjust. When drying in the supercritical temperature range pore sizes in the nanometer range are also possible.
- the aerogels can also be inorganic or organic Contain filler materials, especially fiber materials. Below become essentially stable materials which are inert under solidification conditions Roger that.
- Inorganic filler materials of any grain size are selected, for example, from aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, Zirconia and quartz and their mixtures, each in an amount from 5 to 30% by volume, in particular up to 60% by volume can.
- organic fillers for example thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic particles, for example to use polystyrene.
- these materials also melted out during the pyrolysis of the plastic gels or be burned. With the help of such materials, however the shrinkage can be checked during pyrolysis.
- Plastic aerogels based on resorcinol / formaldehyde are used with a suitable composition and a suitable content of baischen Catalyst at temperatures between 20 and 50 ° C without supercritical Dried transferred to a microstructured plastic airgel can be.
- the composition is the gelling reaction adjustable so that, for example, initially a highly viscous Liquid is formed which becomes firmer over time / temperature.
- the cores used according to the invention are particularly suitable for Use in lost wax processes.
- the desired shapes are made using the usual techniques with the cores and the melt filled and the melt solidified. With the usual Casting techniques, the heat is dissipated via the molded shell or the molding sand.
- the cores obtained in this way are produced using conventional techniques Wax models used.
- Wax models used.
- those after today Core materials customary in the prior art do not absorb heat through the airgel cores because of their effective thermal conductivity is typically only a few mW / km. Thermal loads and thus thermal stresses do not occur in the core body on.
- the airgel cores can be removed by pyrolysis or high pressure water jet, but also through wetting fluids such as silicone oil, which Fluidize airgel, remove easily from the casting.
- the gelation temperature and the density of the resulting porous body produce cores for molds, both as plastic and also as carbon airgel, which is superficial on a micrometer scale are smooth and show sharp contours.
- Production of molds up to the plastic airgel a maximum of 24 hours. Pyrolysis in the absence of air takes place in short times (that of the thickness of the mold is determined; with a 1 cm core the time is for example 24 hours).
- the shrinkage takes place in the two process steps always isotropic and is only a few percent (the Shrinkage can be reduced by the appropriate choice of composition of the sol, as well as the drying conditions) and is therefore manageable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
22 g Resorcinol + 20 ml Formaldehydlösung (37 %ig) + 0,013 g Na2CO3 + 82 ml H2O und Rühren bei Raumtemperatur
Beispiel: 10 cm3 Alodur® - Sand mit einer Korngröße von 0,0633 µm bis 0,125 µm nimmt 45 ml Lösung auf. Der Sand wird unter Rühren der Aerogellösung zugefügt.
Befüllung der Kernform unter Rüttel- und Klopfverdichtung
Trocknen der verschlossenen Form 24 Stunden bei 40 °C im Trockenschrank
Claims (8)
- Verwendung von hochporösen, offenporigen Kunststoff- und/oder Kohlenstoffaerogelen, erhältlich durch Sol-Gel-Polymerisation von organischen Kunststoffmaterialien als Kernwerkstoff für den Formguss.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, enthaltend anorganische oder organische Füllstoffmaterialien, insbesondere in Pulver- oder in Faserform.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die anorganischen Füllstoffmaterialien ausgewählt sind aus Aluminiumoxid, Titandioxid, Zinkonoxid und Quarz und deren Gemische, insbesondere in einer Menge von 5 bis 60 Vol.-%.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllstoffe ausgewählt sind aus thermoplastischen oder duroplastischen Kunststoffpartikeln, insbesondere Polystyrol.
- Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, umfassend ein Resorcin/Formaldehyd-Sol-Gel und einen basischen Polymerisationskatalysator, insbesondere Ammoniumhydroxid und/oder Natriumcarbonat.
- Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei mana) eine Negativform eines Kerns mit einem Kunststoffsol geeigneter Zusammensetzung und einem geeigneten Katalysator füllt,b) das Sol in ein Gel überführt,c) das erstarrte Gel in an sich bekannter Weise in üblichen Wachsmodellen des Fein und Formgusses einsetzt undd) das Gel entfernt.
- Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei man das Gel durch Wasserhochdruckstrahl entfernt.
- Verwendung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei man das Gel durch Pyrolyse bei einer Temperatur von wenigstens 1000 °C im Verlauf von 24 Stunden entfernt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19939062A DE19939062A1 (de) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Verwendung von Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen als Kernwerkstoff |
DE19939062 | 1999-08-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1077097A1 true EP1077097A1 (de) | 2001-02-21 |
EP1077097B1 EP1077097B1 (de) | 2004-02-11 |
Family
ID=7918729
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00116659A Expired - Lifetime EP1077097B1 (de) | 1999-08-18 | 2000-08-02 | Verwendung von Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen als Kernwerkstoff |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1077097B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE259265T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19939062A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2215527T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1077097E (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216464A1 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-30 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Silica gebundene Sande |
DE10216403A1 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-11-13 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Aerogelgebundene Formstoffe mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit |
WO2005046909A1 (de) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-26 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Füllstoff enthaltende aerogele |
DE10357539A1 (de) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-21 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Herstellung von füllstoffhaltigen Aerogelen |
WO2006010449A2 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-02 | Ceramtec Ag Innovative Ceramic Engineering | Keramische gusskerne |
EP1820582A1 (de) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-08-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Aerogel enthaltenden Kerne für den Leichtmetall- und/oder den Feinguss |
EP1852197A1 (de) * | 2006-05-06 | 2007-11-07 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Kernwerkstoff aus tonhaltigem Sand mit einem Gehalt an quellfähigen Schichtsilikaten enthaltendem Aerogelsand |
DE102008056842A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften II |
DE102008056856A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften I |
WO2017102231A1 (de) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Speiser für insbesondere aus gusseisen bestehende gussstücke |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10126865B4 (de) * | 2001-06-01 | 2005-09-08 | Neue Materialien Würzburg GmbH | Substrat und Verwendung des Substrats |
DE10227512B4 (de) | 2002-06-19 | 2004-07-08 | Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co.Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Giesskernen oder Formen, sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Giesskerne oder Formen |
DE102009024182B3 (de) * | 2009-06-08 | 2011-03-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Bildung und zum Entformen einer Form und/oder eines Kerns beim Formguss |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3574548A (en) * | 1969-08-11 | 1971-04-13 | Atomic Energy Commission | Process for manufacturing a cellular carbon body |
DE2123632B1 (de) * | 1971-05-12 | 1972-08-24 | Alcan Aluminiumwerke | Leicht enfernbare formteile, insbesondere kerne für giessereizwecke und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
US4032105A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1977-06-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Mold with improved core for metal casting operation |
DE3004466A1 (de) * | 1980-02-07 | 1981-08-13 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Verfahren zum herstellen eines leicht entfernbaren giesskerns |
US5086085A (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-02-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Melamine-formaldehyde aerogels |
JPH0481243A (ja) * | 1990-07-23 | 1992-03-13 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 溶融金属鋳造用型材 |
EP0629810A1 (de) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Kryogenisches System mit niedrigem Wärmeverlust, basierend auf kohärentem Aerogel |
DE19721600A1 (de) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-26 | Hoechst Ag | Nanoporöse interpenetrierende organisch-anorganische Netzwerke |
EP1036610A1 (de) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Fein- und Formguss in Kunststoff/Kohlenstoffaerogelen |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4402927A (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1983-09-06 | Dardel Guy Von | Silica aerogel |
DE19523382C2 (de) * | 1995-06-30 | 2003-04-30 | Jochen Fricke | Kohlenstoffaerogele und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
-
1999
- 1999-08-18 DE DE19939062A patent/DE19939062A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-08-02 AT AT00116659T patent/ATE259265T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-02 ES ES00116659T patent/ES2215527T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-02 EP EP00116659A patent/EP1077097B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-02 PT PT00116659T patent/PT1077097E/pt unknown
- 2000-08-02 DE DE50005241T patent/DE50005241D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3574548A (en) * | 1969-08-11 | 1971-04-13 | Atomic Energy Commission | Process for manufacturing a cellular carbon body |
DE2123632B1 (de) * | 1971-05-12 | 1972-08-24 | Alcan Aluminiumwerke | Leicht enfernbare formteile, insbesondere kerne für giessereizwecke und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
US4032105A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1977-06-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Mold with improved core for metal casting operation |
DE3004466A1 (de) * | 1980-02-07 | 1981-08-13 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Verfahren zum herstellen eines leicht entfernbaren giesskerns |
JPH0481243A (ja) * | 1990-07-23 | 1992-03-13 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 溶融金属鋳造用型材 |
US5086085A (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-02-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Melamine-formaldehyde aerogels |
EP0629810A1 (de) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Kryogenisches System mit niedrigem Wärmeverlust, basierend auf kohärentem Aerogel |
DE19721600A1 (de) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-26 | Hoechst Ag | Nanoporöse interpenetrierende organisch-anorganische Netzwerke |
EP1036610A1 (de) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-09-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Fein- und Formguss in Kunststoff/Kohlenstoffaerogelen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199217, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A88, AN 1992-138385, XP002155791 * |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216464A1 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-30 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Silica gebundene Sande |
DE10216403A1 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-11-13 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Aerogelgebundene Formstoffe mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit |
DE10216403B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-03-18 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Aerogelgebundene Formstoffe mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit |
DE10216464B4 (de) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-04-15 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Silica gebundene Kernwerkstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
WO2005046909A1 (de) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-26 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Füllstoff enthaltende aerogele |
DE10352574A1 (de) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-06-16 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Füllstoff enthaltende Aerogele |
DE10357539A1 (de) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-21 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Herstellung von füllstoffhaltigen Aerogelen |
US7812059B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2010-10-12 | Deutsches Zentrum Fur Luft Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Production of aerogels containing fillers |
WO2006010449A3 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-08-03 | Ceramtec Ag | Keramische gusskerne |
WO2006010449A2 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-02-02 | Ceramtec Ag Innovative Ceramic Engineering | Keramische gusskerne |
EP1820582A1 (de) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-08-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Aerogel enthaltenden Kerne für den Leichtmetall- und/oder den Feinguss |
EP1852197A1 (de) * | 2006-05-06 | 2007-11-07 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Kernwerkstoff aus tonhaltigem Sand mit einem Gehalt an quellfähigen Schichtsilikaten enthaltendem Aerogelsand |
DE102008056842A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften II |
DE102008056856A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften I |
EP2204246A3 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2012-01-04 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften I |
WO2017102231A1 (de) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Speiser für insbesondere aus gusseisen bestehende gussstücke |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE259265T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
DE50005241D1 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
DE19939062A1 (de) | 2001-02-22 |
PT1077097E (pt) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1077097B1 (de) | 2004-02-11 |
ES2215527T3 (es) | 2004-10-16 |
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