EP1038583B1 - Procédé et appareil pour séparer un produit fractionné - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour séparer un produit fractionné Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1038583B1
EP1038583B1 EP00100992A EP00100992A EP1038583B1 EP 1038583 B1 EP1038583 B1 EP 1038583B1 EP 00100992 A EP00100992 A EP 00100992A EP 00100992 A EP00100992 A EP 00100992A EP 1038583 B1 EP1038583 B1 EP 1038583B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
broken
shells
vibratory
beans
good
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00100992A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1038583A2 (fr
EP1038583A3 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Dipl.-Ing. Essig
Olaf Oehmichen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
F B Lehmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
F B Lehmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by F B Lehmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical F B Lehmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP1038583A2 publication Critical patent/EP1038583A2/fr
Publication of EP1038583A3 publication Critical patent/EP1038583A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1038583B1 publication Critical patent/EP1038583B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/02—Separators
    • B03C7/04—Separators with material carriers in the form of trays, troughs, or tables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for separating broken material, consisting of broken grains or beans and their husks, especially for separation of cocoa breakage (nibs) from the cocoa bean shells, by means of electrostatic forces, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for Implementation of this method, according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • Cocoa beans depending on the type of pretreatment from a roasting, sterilization ons or pre-drying system are usually in a reflection breaker Broken.
  • the accuracy of separation must be as large as possible, since it is the quality of the finished product Cocoa mass is decisively influenced.
  • Maximum are according to the applicable regulations 2% shells allowed in the nibs. Furthermore, the lowest possible proportion of shells The service life of the downstream grinding plants in the nibs has been considerably improved.
  • the broken material 5 is raw or dried in fractional form dried and steamed or roasted or roasted and steamed in one Input hopper 4 entered, the output end in a vibrating or vibrating trough 6th which flows with differently charged, a homogeneous electric field generating electrodes 7, 8 is provided, between which the broken material to be separated is conveyed through in order to be electrostatically charged. Feed hopper 4 and vibration channel 6 together with the electrodes 7, 8 form the charging zone 1 of the Separator.
  • the vibration channel 6 is equipped with a vibration drive, not shown, the can be set so that a desired breakage conveyor speed is reached is, by the fact that the feed hopper 4 is adjustable in height, the Flow rate of the vibrating trough can also be influenced.
  • the vibrating trough is completely electrically insulated from the outside. Your wall is made of plastic material, in which the electrodes 7, 8 are embedded and is lined with metal.
  • the Inner wall of the vibrating trough is also with contours in the form of bump-like Formations provided that the mixing of the fragments passing over them 5 serve as well as the optimization of the particles with the help of the electrodes transferring electrical charge. To optimize this transmission, the Aiming for a single-grain layer on the vibrating channel floor.
  • the bottom electrode 7 is at a DC voltage (U +) of about 20-40 kV and represents the anode, while the second metal electrode 8 located directly above it is grounded cathode and supports the charge transfer to the fragments 5.
  • the Debris particles namely the nibs and shells
  • the Charge sits essentially on the surface of these particles, the transferred one
  • the amount of charge is therefore proportional to the size of the particle surface.
  • the rate at which charging occurs depends on the electrical conductivity of the material, which is approximately the same size for the shells and nibs.
  • the charging zone 1 corresponds to the size of the particles to transfer charge because of the size of the electrical charge of the particles for the subsequent separation in the one following the charging zone 1
  • Deflection zone 2 is crucial.
  • the two electrodes 7 and 8 of the deflection zone 2 have an insulating layer coated, otherwise the charged fragments come into contact with the electrodes Charging takes place and the particles go back and forth between the electrodes would jump out.
  • the broken material becomes thereby after it has been loaded separated that the cocoa bean shells as lighter fragments from the Cocoa Core Fracture (Nibs) as heavier core fragments by suction of the former and Separation of the lighter particles can be separated in an air classifier.
  • a suction device 25 consisting of a hood 24 and a suction pipe 26 connected to it, which is connected to a cyclone 20 trained air classifier 27 is connected, which in turn via an exhaust pipe 21st is connected to a suction fan 28.
  • the exhaust pipe 21 opens into the cyclone 20 the conical inner wall of the cocoa bean pods 16 collect in one drop container 24a disposed at the lower end of the cyclone.
  • the one from the Exhaust pipe 21 by means of the suction fan 28 driven by a motor 22 extracted air is discharged into the open as exhaust air 23.
  • the lighter fragments i.e. the cocoa bean husks 16
  • the electrode 8 In the electrical charging of the broken material between the electrodes 7 and 8 of the Lifting heavier core fragments (nibs), as shown, they get to the electrode 8, are discharged there and enter the hood 24 through the perforated plate Suction device 25 and thus from the delivery area of the vibrating trough 6, so that this at its end 29 only sheds the cocoa kernel fragments 15, which in a Conveyor system 13 arrive, which transports them away.
  • the inventive method shows that the separation of nibs and shells with the help an electrostatic separation device is possible, the forces occurring in electric field of sufficient size and the differences of nibs and shells are sufficient to separate these two fragments.
  • the necessary voltages are in the range of 40 kV to 50 kV.

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de séparation électrostatique d'un produit fragmenté (5), composé de brisures de fève de cacao (amandes décortiquées) et de coquilles de fèves de cacao, dans lequel le produit fragmenté, sous forme fractionnée, est chargé électriquement dans une zone de chargement (1) entre deux électrodes chargées différemment (7, 8) et soumis en même temps à un mouvement de vibration, dont l'intensité est contrôlée pour régler le temps de séjour du produit fragmenté dans la zone de chargement (1) et donc le temps de chargement des fractions de produit fragmenté, caractérisé en ce que le produit fragmenté (5), fractionné et chargé électriquement, est séparé pendant son mouvement de vibration à l'aide d'un écoulement d'air d'aspiration, de telle sorte que les coquilles (16) soient aspirées et séparées par l'air dans un séparateur à cyclone (20, 27), tandis que la fève fragmentée (15) est évacuée en tant qu'écoulement séparé.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'aspiration des coquilles (16) est réalisée à l'aide d'une plaque perforée qui forme la cathode (8) des deux électrodes (7, 8).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le produit broyé (5) est chargé dans la zone de chargement (1) dans la zone des électrodes (7, 8) à l'aide d'un dispositif de vibration ou d'agitation (6) de telle sorte que les coquilles (16) soient mises dans un état de suspension au-dessus du fond du dispositif de vibration ou d'agitation, où elles sont aspirées à l'aide d'un dispositif d'aspiration (25), tandis que la fève fragmentée (15) reste sur le fond dudit dispositif et se déplace jusqu'à la sortie (29) de ce dispositif du fait du mouvement de vibration.
  4. Dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 comportant une zone de chargement (1) pour le chargement électrique du produit broyé (5) à séparer comportant au moins un entonnoir de chargement (4), pour le produit broyé à séparer, et au moins une gouttière de vibration (6) relié dans le sens du transport à l'entonnoir de chargement, qui est munie d'électrodes (7, 8) chargées différemment et générant un champ électrique homogène, entre lesquelles le produit broyé à séparer est transporté, ainsi qu'une zone de déviation (2) comportant un dispositif d'aspiration (25, 28) pour les coquilles (16) du produit fragmenté (5) composé de la fève fragmentée (15) et des coquilles et au moins un séparateur à air (27), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'aspiration (25, 28) comprend au moins un capot (24) disposé au-dessus d'une cathode (8) conçue comme une plaque perforée au niveau du toit de la gouttière de vibration (6), en dessous de l'extrémité d'évacuation (29) de laquelle se trouve un système de transport (13) pour le transport de la fève fragmentée, en ce qu'une zone de séparation (103) est prévue pour la séparation des coquilles (16) de la fève fragmentée (15) et en ce que le séparateur à air (27) est conçu comme un séparateur à cyclone (20) qui est relié, par l'intermédiaire d'un tube d'évacuation de l'air (21), à un extracteur centrifuge (28) et qui comprend, au niveau de son extrémité inférieure, un réservoir (24) pour les coquilles (16) séparées.
EP00100992A 1999-03-19 2000-01-19 Procédé et appareil pour séparer un produit fractionné Expired - Lifetime EP1038583B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29905061U 1999-03-19
DE29905061U DE29905061U1 (de) 1999-03-19 1999-03-19 Vorrichtung zur Trennung eines Bruchgutes

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1038583A2 EP1038583A2 (fr) 2000-09-27
EP1038583A3 EP1038583A3 (fr) 2001-03-07
EP1038583B1 true EP1038583B1 (fr) 2004-11-03

Family

ID=8071098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00100992A Expired - Lifetime EP1038583B1 (fr) 1999-03-19 2000-01-19 Procédé et appareil pour séparer un produit fractionné

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1038583B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000262929A (fr)
AT (1) ATE281242T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE29905061U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2229976T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019132556A1 (de) * 2019-11-29 2021-06-02 Hamburg Dresdner Maschinenfabriken Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh Anordnung zum Brechen von Hülsenfrüchten, insbesondere Kakaobohnen, und zur Separation von Schalen

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4682423B2 (ja) * 2001-01-10 2011-05-11 パナソニック株式会社 静電選別装置
DE10154462A1 (de) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-22 Buehler Ag Verfahren zum Isolieren von Aleuronteilchen
JP4825226B2 (ja) * 2008-01-18 2011-11-30 三菱電機株式会社 静電選別装置
PT104430A (pt) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-10 Antonio Paulo Cerqueira Duarte Processo e dispositivo de separação electrostática de partículas de idêntica condutividade eléctrica, aplicado à purificação de café em grão
JP5630988B2 (ja) * 2009-12-07 2014-11-26 三菱電機株式会社 静電選別装置および静電選別方法
IT201700113261A1 (it) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-09 Univ Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Metodo per la valutazione della dispersione di particelle
CN110142231B (zh) * 2019-05-23 2020-07-14 上海交通大学 荧光标记水稻种子分选机构及方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2135716A (en) * 1937-02-27 1938-11-08 Ritter Products Corp Method and apparatus for separating foodstuff of the nature of cocoa beans
US2803344A (en) * 1954-11-18 1957-08-20 Creighton H Morrison Middlings separator
CH381060A (de) * 1958-04-03 1964-08-15 Gen Mills Inc Verfahren für das elektrostatische Scheiden von Feststoffgemischen
GB1069270A (en) * 1964-06-04 1967-05-17 Technoimpex Magyar Gepipari Ku Device for treating seeds
US3635340A (en) * 1969-01-31 1972-01-18 F I N D Inc Electrostatic separating apparatus for particles
ATE230307T1 (de) * 1998-08-19 2003-01-15 Lehmann Maschf F B Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrostatischer trennung eines bruchgutes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019132556A1 (de) * 2019-11-29 2021-06-02 Hamburg Dresdner Maschinenfabriken Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh Anordnung zum Brechen von Hülsenfrüchten, insbesondere Kakaobohnen, und zur Separation von Schalen
DE102019132556B4 (de) 2019-11-29 2024-03-21 Hamburg Dresdner Maschinenfabriken Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh Anordnung zum Brechen von Hülsenfrüchten, insbesondere Kakaobohnen, und zur Separation von Schalen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2229976T3 (es) 2005-05-01
JP2000262929A (ja) 2000-09-26
DE50008459D1 (de) 2004-12-09
EP1038583A2 (fr) 2000-09-27
EP1038583A3 (fr) 2001-03-07
DE29905061U1 (de) 1999-06-02
ATE281242T1 (de) 2004-11-15

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