EP1013926B1 - Machine hydraulique à déplacement positif, en particulier pompe - Google Patents

Machine hydraulique à déplacement positif, en particulier pompe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1013926B1
EP1013926B1 EP99125173A EP99125173A EP1013926B1 EP 1013926 B1 EP1013926 B1 EP 1013926B1 EP 99125173 A EP99125173 A EP 99125173A EP 99125173 A EP99125173 A EP 99125173A EP 1013926 B1 EP1013926 B1 EP 1013926B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
displacement
positive
piston
sintered material
hydraulic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99125173A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1013926A1 (fr
Inventor
Egon Eisenbacher
Christoph Renner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1013926A1 publication Critical patent/EP1013926A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1013926B1 publication Critical patent/EP1013926B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F01C21/104—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber
    • F01C21/108—Stators; Members defining the outer boundaries of the working chamber with an axial surface, e.g. side plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F04C2230/22—Manufacture essentially without removing material by sintering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/90—Improving properties of machine parts
    • F04C2230/92—Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/083—Nitrides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0856—Sulfides
    • F05C2203/086—Sulfides of molybdenum

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a hydraulic displacement machine, in particular of a positive displacement pump, which the characteristics from the Preamble of claim 1 has.
  • a displacement machine designed as an internal gear pump Art is shown for example in DE 43 22 240 C2.
  • a crescent-shaped pump chamber in which there is an approximately crescent-shaped Filler is located with which the high pressure area and the low pressure area of the pump along the tooth tips of the two Gears are sealed against each other.
  • the filler divided longitudinally. The gap between the two filler pieces becomes like this pressurized that the two filler parts each with one small excess force pressed onto the tooth tips of the gears become.
  • the high pressure area and the low pressure area of a gear machine must also face each other at the front of the gears be sealed. If you want the gear machine even at higher ones Use pressure and a very effective seal have, so are also used for the sealing on the end faces of the Gears used components with a certain excess force be pressed against the gears. There is a pressure field for this on the back of the components facing away from the gears mostly referred to as axial sealing washers, with the high pressure area connected to the gear machine.
  • JP 08-159044 A suggested the gears from a wear-resistant To produce sintered material.
  • Such operating media are, for example, fuels, like gasoline or diesel for internal combustion engines.
  • fuels like gasoline or diesel for internal combustion engines.
  • piston pumps especially radial piston pumps used.
  • a radial piston pump designed for high-pressure delivery Displacement machine of the generic type provided by fuel Art is known for example from DE 42 13 798 A1.
  • the displacement parts Piston and cylinder together.
  • one of the slides two displacement parts or a slide shoe held on it on one Eccentric ring through which the movement of one displacement part is forced in the delivery stroke.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a hydraulic displacement machine, which has the features from the preamble of claim 1, evolve so that the wear on the sliding against each other Components is low.
  • a gear pump very little wear-related in an automobile and especially in the transmission area Particles are released into the hydraulic medium and onto the Installation of a filter or at least no filter replacement can be.
  • wear on each other sliding components to be low, so that no abrasion particles the injection nozzles clog or make it stiff and thus a failure of the Pump by eating the displacement parts or by excessive wear on the Lifting element is avoided.
  • This task is performed on a positive displacement machine with the characteristics from Preamble of claim 1 solved according to the invention in that at least one of the two components is hardened at least on the surface and from Sintered material consists mainly of ferrite and an additional component contains to improve the sliding properties.
  • Curable Ferrite for component and wear resistance with one component Improvement of the sliding properties arises after sintering, hardening and a grinding process, through which the component its exact dimensions and a receives a smooth surface, a component that also lacks lubrication in operation without tolerates substantial abrasion. As a result, the wear on and the particle release very low due to the displacement machine.
  • an internal gear machine is preferred Component made of sintered material, which is used to seal a high pressure area from a low pressure area along the tooth tips or along the End faces of the gears.
  • the component consisting of the sintered material is preferred 7 hardened by nitriding, with an edge zone of the component at temperatures around 500 degrees Celsius is enriched with nitrogen by the component a nitrogen releasing medium, e.g. B. is exposed to a gas stream.
  • a nitrogen releasing medium e.g. B.
  • Nitriding per se is a well known method for the superficial Hardening of components so that there is no need to go into them here.
  • the component contains components that improve the sliding properties claims 8 to 10 preferably copper, molybdenum disulfide and Graphite.
  • the combination of these makes the requirements particularly good Components met with each other in the proportions indicated as preferred.
  • a first embodiment designed as an internal gear pump and a Radial piston pump designed second embodiment of an inventive hydraulic displacement machine are shown in the drawing. The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures of this drawing.
  • the internal gear pump according to Figures 1 and 2 has a housing 10, the consists of an annular middle part 11, which radially encloses a pump chamber 12, a first cover part 13 and a second cover part 14.
  • the two cover parts 13 and 14 delimit the pump chamber 12 in axial direction.
  • the middle part 11 engages over the two cover parts 13 and 14 in Area of an outer recess 15.
  • the cover part 13 has one through bore 16 into which a plain bearing 17 is pressed. With the hole 16 aligns a blind hole 18 of the cover part 14, in which also a plain bearing 17 is pressed. In the two plain bearings 17 there is a drive shaft 19 of the pump stored.
  • An externally toothed pinion 20 is inside the pump chamber 12 attached to the drive shaft 19 or made in one piece therewith.
  • the pinion is located within an internally toothed ring gear 21, the axis of which is eccentric is arranged to the axis of the crack 20 and that on its outer circumference is mounted in the middle part 11 of the housing 10.
  • Mid-plane 22 In the area on both sides spanned by the two axes of the pinion 20 and the ring gear 21 Mid-plane 22 intermesh the two gears, between which there are otherwise a crescent-shaped free space 23 is located.
  • This free space 23 is approximately half filled by a filler 30.
  • a good seal of the pinion and ring gear is necessary. That is why Filling piece 30 in two parts from a sealing segment 31 and a segment carrier 32 built up.
  • the sealing segment 31 is adjacent to the ring gear 21 and can with a small excess force pressed against the tooth tips of the ring gear 21 become.
  • the sealing segment 31 becomes hydraulic when the pump is operating also pressed against a flat 33 of a stop pin 34.
  • the segment carrier 32 is hydraulic in operation with an inside and with excess power to the ring gear of the pinion 30 and also against the flat 33 of the stop pin 34 pressed.
  • the segment carrier 32 and the sealing segment 31 are made by two leaf springs 35 pressed apart, which are in two axially extending and to the sealing segment 31 open grooves 36 of the segment carrier 32 are.
  • the two grooves 36 take up a sealing roller 37 in addition to a leaf spring 35 of the respective leaf spring 35, but also in operation hydraulically to the gap between the segment carrier 32 and the sealing segment 31 is pressed.
  • Through the two sealing rollers 37 is within between the segment carrier 32 and the Sealing segment 31 existing gap against the high pressure area P and against the low-pressure area S of the pump sealed pressure chamber, which is to be pressurized, approximately half the operating pressure corresponds to the pump.
  • the stop pin 34 crosses the free space 23 in the central plane 22 and is in two aligned blind holes 39 of the cover parts 13 and 14 on both sides the pump chamber 12 rotatably mounted.
  • the axial extent of the filler 24 agrees with the axial extent of the two gear wheels 20 and 21 match.
  • Every axial sealing washer 45 closely surrounds the drive shaft 19 and the stop pin 34 and is thereby in position in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft 19 secured.
  • a pressure field 46 is defined by a recess in the cover part 13 or 14 educated. As can be seen from the dashed line in FIG. 2, it has one semi-crescent-shaped shape and extends approximately from the foot of the filler 30 am Stop pin 34 from up to close to the central plane 22.
  • an axial sealing washer 45 essentially covers only the high pressure side of the pump while the low pressure side is kept clear so that there is no friction between the gears and an axial sealing washer can take place, which would lower the efficiency of the pump.
  • the diameter of the suction channel 48 is larger than the diameter of the pressure channel 49.
  • the ring gear 21 has in the Tooth gaps radially through holes 50 through from the inside, through which a hydraulic fluid from the suction channel 48 into the free space 23 and from can get there into the pressure channel 49.
  • the pump shown is constructed in such a way that the pinion 20, in operation according to FIG. 2 considered, must be driven clockwise.
  • the ring gear 21 also rotates then turn clockwise. Hydraulic fluid in the tooth gaps travels along the filler 30 with the tooth gaps and reaches the tooth meshing area of the two gears. There the hydraulic fluid through the Bores 50 of the ring gear 21 are displaced into the pressure channel 49. At the same time through other holes 50 and over the end faces of the gears hydraulic fluid is sucked away from the suction channel 48 into the free space 23.
  • the gears of the pump shown are hardened, especially the teeth do not wear out and a high volumetric efficiency is achieved.
  • the wear on the seal between the high pressure area P and the low pressure area S serving components, namely the Sealing segment 31, the segment carrier 32 and the axial sealing washers 45 low remains and particles do not get into the hydraulic fluid circuit Clogged flow openings or in narrow guide gaps advised and to the stiffness or failure of the brought together
  • the components mentioned are hardened on their surface. They consist of a sintered material, the starting mixture of 15% to 25% Copper, 2.5% to 3% molybdenum disulfide, about 0.4% graphite and the rest iron in Contains form of ferrite. The latter is the one component that will be hardened can.
  • the radial piston pump according to Figure 3 which is used to deliver fuel in one Automobile is intended, has a pump housing 52 in which a central receiving space 53 for receiving a drive shaft, not shown with an axis 54 driven eccentric pin 55 on which an eccentric ring 56 is rotatably mounted. These are evenly distributed around the axis 54 three displacement units 57 assigned, each of which is in a radial bore 58 of the pump housing 52 is located. Corresponding to the three displacement units 57 is the eccentric ring 56 with three flats distributed around the circumference 59 provided, on each of which a slide shoe 60 of a displacement unit 57 is supported is.
  • the eccentric ring 56 Due to the force lying on the flats 59 Sliding shoes 60, the eccentric ring 56 is held so that it rotates of the eccentric pin 55 can not follow freely, but while maintaining its orientation is moved on a circle, i.e. a translational one Circular motion.
  • the sliding shoes 60 thus slide during operation back and forth on the flats 59.
  • Each displacement unit 57 has a cylinder 64 with a cylinder bore 65, in which a slide shoe 60 is pressed to the stop. Through every slide shoe pass through channels that fill the cylinder bore 65 via a suction valve Allow 66 from the recording room 53.
  • the cylinder 64 is over a Compression spring 68 biased towards the flat 59, the compression spring on the one hand on an outer shoulder of the cylinder 64 and on the other hand on one Screw plug 70 is supported, which closes a radial bore 58.
  • the end section is one Piston 74 is pressed into the cylinder bore, projecting far beyond the screw plug 70 65 immersed and that together with the cylinder 64 and the sliding block 60 limits a volume-variable work space.
  • the cylinder 64 executes a radial stroke movement. Except the relative Sliding movement between the slide shoe 60 and the eccentric ring 56 takes place in operation, a relative sliding movement between the cylinder 64 and the Piston 74 instead.
  • cylinder 64 could be made from one captivate commercially available sintered material under the name Ferromoliporit, which contains special lubricant deposits and is hardenable.
  • Ferromoliporit contains special lubricant deposits and is hardenable.
  • the cylinder 64 could also be the piston 74 or cylinder and piston from the Sintered material exist.
  • Ferromoliporite is the sintered material which, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, is also used for parts of the internal gear pump shown there. Accordingly, the starting mixture for this material consists of 15% up to 25% copper, 2.5% to 3% molybdenum disulfide, about 0.4% graphite and Rest composed of iron in the form of ferrite.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Machine volumétrique hydraulique, en particulier pompe volumétrique hydraulique, avec deux éléments mobiles glissant l'un par rapport à l'autre,
       caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un élément (31, 32, 45, 56, 60, 64, 74) des deux éléments est durci au moins en surface et est constitué d'un matériau fritté qui contient essentiellement de la ferrite ainsi qu'un composant pour améliorer les propriétés de glissement.
  2. Machine volumétrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une machine à roue à denture intérieure, en particulier une pompe à roue à denture intérieure, et présente un corps (10), un pignon à denture extérieure (20), une roue à denture intérieure (21) s'engrenant avec le pignon (20) et un élément (31, 32, 45) pour rendre une zone de haute pression (P) étanche par rapport à une zone de basse pression (S) le long des sommets des dents ou des faces frontales des roues dentées (20, 21) et que l'élément (31, 32, 45) est durci au moins en surface et est constitué d'un matériau fritté qui contient essentiellement de la ferrite et un composant pour améliorer les propriétés de glissement.
  3. Machine volumétrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une machine à piston et présente comme pièces de refoulement au moins un piston (74) et un cylindre (64) recevant le piston (74) et qu'au moins une des deux pièces de refoulement (74, 64) est durcie au moins en surface et est constituée d'un matériau fritté qui contient essentiellement de la ferrite et un composant pour améliorer les propriétés de glissement.
  4. Machine volumétrique selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une machine à piston et présente comme pièces de refoulement au moins un piston (74) et un cylindre (64) recevant le piston (74) et comme élément de course sur lequel une des pièces de refoulement glisse un anneau excentrique (56) ou un disque de course et que l'élément de course est durci au moins en surface et est constitué d'un matériau fritté qui contient essentiellement de la ferrite et un composant pour améliorer les propriétés de glissement.
  5. Machine volumétrique selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de course est un anneau excentrique (56) avec plusieurs méplats (59) sur chacun desquels glisse un élément de refoulement (64, 60).
  6. Machine volumétrique selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une machine à piston et présente comme pièces de refoulement au moins un piston (74) et un cylindre (64) recevant le piston (74) et comme élément de course sur lequel une des pièces de refoulement (64, 60) glisse un anneau excentrique (56) ou un disque de course et que la pièce de refoulement (64, 60) glissant sur l'élément de course est durcie au moins en surface et est constituée d'un matériau fritté qui contient essentiellement de la ferrite et un composant pour améliorer les propriétés de glissement.
  7. Machine volumétrique selon une revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que l'élément (31, 32, 45, 56, 60, 64, 74) constitué du matériau fritté est durci par nitruration.
  8. Machine volumétrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau fritté contient de préférence de 15% à 25% de cuivre.
  9. Machine volumétrique selon une revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le matériau fritté contient de préférence de 2,5% à 3% de bisulfure de molybdène.
  10. Machine volumétrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau fritté contient de préférence 0,4% de graphite.
EP99125173A 1998-12-18 1999-12-17 Machine hydraulique à déplacement positif, en particulier pompe Expired - Lifetime EP1013926B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19858483 1998-12-18
DE19858483A DE19858483A1 (de) 1998-12-18 1998-12-18 Hydraulische Verdrängermaschine, insbesondere Verdrängerpumpe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1013926A1 EP1013926A1 (fr) 2000-06-28
EP1013926B1 true EP1013926B1 (fr) 2004-09-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99125173A Expired - Lifetime EP1013926B1 (fr) 1998-12-18 1999-12-17 Machine hydraulique à déplacement positif, en particulier pompe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6450792B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1013926B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000205142A (fr)
DE (2) DE19858483A1 (fr)

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DE19726794A1 (de) * 1997-06-24 1999-01-07 Elektra Beckum Ag Wasser-Hochdruckreinigungsgerät

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DE59910510D1 (de) 2004-10-21
DE19858483A1 (de) 2000-08-31
JP2000205142A (ja) 2000-07-25
US6450792B1 (en) 2002-09-17
EP1013926A1 (fr) 2000-06-28

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