EP1002997B1 - Procédé pour commander le rapport d'air / carburant d'un brûleur à gaz prémélangé complet - Google Patents

Procédé pour commander le rapport d'air / carburant d'un brûleur à gaz prémélangé complet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1002997B1
EP1002997B1 EP99122611A EP99122611A EP1002997B1 EP 1002997 B1 EP1002997 B1 EP 1002997B1 EP 99122611 A EP99122611 A EP 99122611A EP 99122611 A EP99122611 A EP 99122611A EP 1002997 B1 EP1002997 B1 EP 1002997B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
ionisation
current
air ratio
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99122611A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1002997A2 (fr
EP1002997A3 (fr
Inventor
Martin Petersmann
Jörg Lindemann
Ansgar Schlump
Henning Heider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elster Kromschroeder GmbH
Original Assignee
G Kromschroeder AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by G Kromschroeder AG filed Critical G Kromschroeder AG
Publication of EP1002997A2 publication Critical patent/EP1002997A2/fr
Publication of EP1002997A3 publication Critical patent/EP1002997A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1002997B1 publication Critical patent/EP1002997B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for air quantity control of a provided with a fan and with a gas control valve at least teilvormischenden, preferably vollvormischenden gas burner, being measured in the flame ionization signals using an ionization electrode, the fan speed is detected from the current ionization signal for the current air ratio representative first signal derived and this is compared with a predetermined setpoint, the fan speed in the derivative of the first signal and / or in the selection of the setpoint is taken into account, and from the comparison, a control signal for the gas control valve is derived.
  • the air quantity control of gas burners is becoming more and more important in practice. With the help of air flow control, it is possible to operate gas burners in the optimum working range, in which the pollutant emissions, in particular the CO and NO x emissions are low, the thermal load of the gas burner is very uniform and both the burning behavior and the efficiency of the gas burner are optimal. It has been found that the optimum working range is between 1.15 and 1.3 for an air ratio. With a Heiliereregelung also the susceptibility of the gas burner can be reduced and a safe and quiet burner operation can be ensured.
  • air-flow control is required because the composition of the fuel gas supplied by the supply network can vary greatly. Accordingly, the gas quality varies greatly, in particular the Wobbe index of the fuel gas. If the gas composition of the fuel gas changes, then the air ratio control intervenes and changes the gas supply with the aid of the gas control valve in such a way that the gas burner continues to operate at the desired air ratio.
  • the air ratio can be determined with the aid of various measured variables. However, it has proved useful to determine the air ratio via the ionization signal detected with the aid of an ionization electrode (cf DE-C2-196 27 857).
  • the ionization electrode provides a stable, easy to maintain and simultaneously low-priced air-fuel sensor, which can also be installed with very little effort, if it is not already available for flame monitoring anyway.
  • the ionization signal allows a very reliable and accurate determination of the air ratio.
  • DE-U1-296 12 014 discloses a gas burner for atmospheric premixing operation having at least two flame detection elements mounted at a different distance from the burner surface and controlling combustion with their signals via a regulator.
  • the current air ratio can be determined from the ionization signal and controlled with a characteristic curve characteristic of the respective fan speed.
  • a signal representative of the current air ratio can be derived, which in a specific power range is essentially independent of the burner output. This has the advantage that the air ratio over this power range can be controlled with a single characteristic.
  • the representative of the current air ratio signal is compared with the setpoint for the desired air ratio setpoint of the characteristic, and from this comparison, a control signal for the gas control valve is derived.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to enable in the aforementioned method, the verification of the operating state of the gas burner.
  • This object is achieved in that a representative of the current burner power second signal is detected and this is compared with a predetermined value, being derived from this comparison information about the operating state of the gas burner.
  • the invention is based on the finding that, if changes occur in the supply air or exhaust air system of the gas burner, the burner output set via the fan speed no longer corresponds to the actual burner output. In this case, the missing correlation between fan speed and burner power can be detected and compensated by detecting another signal representative of the current power. If the second signal representative of the current power deviates from the value specified for the set power, the gas burner does not produce the desired power.
  • a service indicator will be activated.
  • a shut-off mechanism can also intervene, which automatically shuts off the gas burner.
  • the fan speed can be varied until the representative of the current power second signal corresponds to the predetermined value.
  • the gas burner then has to be operated in consideration of the changed correlation between fan speed and firing power. In this way, a gas burner can be operated safely and with the desired performance over a long period of time.
  • a development of the invention is characterized in that the first signal is used as the predetermined value for the comparison with the second signal.
  • the power consumption of the fan or the temperature level of the boiler or the air mass flow is detected by the fan as a second signal.
  • a particularly preferred alternative embodiment is characterized in that the second signal is derived from a current ionization signal, the second signal being representative of both the current power and the current air ratio.
  • This embodiment is based on the finding that the ionization signal itself can be used to check the current power. Since the ionization signal is power-dependent, the current operating performance in a very wide power range can be checked according to customer requirements. If the second signal derived from the ionization signal and representative of the current air ratio and the current power deviates from the value specified for this air ratio and this power, the gas burner does not produce the desired power. The required steps can then be initiated.
  • a development of the invention is characterized in that a signal representative of both the current power and the current air ratio is used as the first signal, wherein the first and the second signal have a different dependence on the air ratio and / or the power.
  • the ionization signals themselves can be used as the first and / or second signal.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented particularly simply by measuring the current ionization signal, from which the first signal is derived, with the aid of a first supply voltage, and the current ionization signal, from which the second signal is derived, by means of a second supply voltage becomes.
  • the ionization signals are measured by applying an AC voltage, preferably of 230V, to the ionization electrode.
  • the polarity effect of the flame causes that only in each case a half-wave, an ionization current flows.
  • the ionization signal can be obtained from a DC component of the tapped voltage derived.
  • the signal is usually first applied to a low-pass filter.
  • the ionization signals may be measured by applying a triangular voltage or a square wave voltage to the ionization electrode.
  • the ionization signal measured to derive the signal representative of the current air ratio and the ionization signal measured to derive the signal representative of the current air ratio and current power need not be measured by applying the same voltage to the ionization electrode.
  • the ionization signal for determining the signal representative of the current air number can be measured with the aid of an alternating voltage and the ionization signal for determining the signal representative of the current air number and for the current power with the aid of a triangular voltage or a rectangular voltage or vice versa.
  • the ionization signals are used alternately to derive the first signal and to derive the second signal.
  • the gas burner can be kept in the long term in the optimum operating range that the second signal at regular intervals, for. B. once a minute, is detected.
  • reference measurements are carried out in which reference signals for different powers and different air numbers are detected and stored as a predetermined value for comparison with the second signal. If the second signal is derived from a current ionization signal, reference measurements are preferably carried out at the start of operation of the gas burner, in which detected reference ionization signals for different fan speeds and different air numbers and these are stored as a predetermined value for comparison with the second value.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram in which the voltage of a measuring signal against the air ratio ⁇ is plotted. Six different measured signal curves are shown.
  • the signal waveforms labeled Signal 1 are the signals representative of the current air ratio. These were derived from the measured at an alternating voltage of 230V ionization signal and the fan speed using a special evaluation circuit. The signals are shown for different powers. As can be seen, the curves lie almost completely on top of each other, d. H. These signals are actually power-independent.
  • the signal waveforms labeled Signal 2 are the signals representative of the current air ratio and current power.
  • an AC voltage of 230 V was again applied to the ionization electrode and the ionization signal then passed through a low-pass filter, bypassing the special evaluation circuit. It is noticeable that the curves, which in turn are recorded for different performances, differ greatly from one another.
  • the voltage differences between the Meßsignalkurven are particularly large at a given air ratio in the lower power range.
  • the air ratio control is carried out in normal operation using the superimposed signal 1 characteristics and to check the power, the AC voltage of 230V is applied to the ionization electrode and the special evaluation circuit is bypassed.
  • Fig. 2 shows two diagrams in which the ionization signal is plotted against the fan speed for a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the measured values shown were recorded at a constant air ratio ⁇ of 1.3.
  • the ionization signals are shown at a supply voltage of the ionization electrode of 50V and 230V.
  • the upper diagram shows the normal operating condition of the boiler.
  • -1 is an ionization signal at a supply voltage of 50V of 109. This is the setpoint for controlling the air ratio of 1.3.
  • the supply voltage of the ionization electrode is switched at regular intervals to the control voltage of 230V.
  • the ionization signal is only approximately 102.
  • the difference between the two signals is thus approximately 7.
  • the difference between these two detected ionization signal values is in the range of 7, the operation of the gas burner is in the optimum operating range secured.
  • the ionization signal can be detected by applying a voltage of any shape to the ionization electrode.
  • the ionization signal can be measured by means of a DC voltage.
  • the same transducer can be used to derive the signal representative of the current air ratio and the signal representative of the current air ratio and current power.
  • two transducers can be assigned to the ionization electrode or even two separate ionization electrodes can be arranged in the flame region of the gas burner.
  • the reference measurements can be carried out by the manufacturer before the start of operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé pour commander le rapport d'air/carburant d'un brûleur à gaz à prémélange d'au moins partiel, doté d'un ventilateur et d'une vanne de régulation gaz, où des signaux d'ionisation sont mesurés au niveau de la flamme à l'aide d'une électrode à ionisation, où le nombre de tours du ventilateur est enregistré, où, à partir du signal actuel de ionisation, un premier signal, représentatif pour le rapport d'air/carburant actuel, est dérivé et comparé avec une valeur de consigne, le nombre de tours du ventilateur étant pris en compte pour la dérivation du premier signal et/ou le choix de la valeur de consigne, et où, à partir de la comparaison, un signal de commande de la vanne de régulation gaz est dérivé,
    caractérisé par le fait
    qu'un deuxième signal, représentatif pour la puissance actuelle du brûleur, est saisi et comparé avec une valeur prédéterminée, où, à partir de cette comparaison, des informations sont dérivées en ce qui concerne l'état d'exploitation du brûleur à gaz.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, pour la comparaison avec le deuxième signal, le premier signal est utilisé en tant que valeur prédéterminée.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que, pour former le deuxième signal, soit la puissance du ventilateur, soit le niveau de température de la chaudière, soit encore le débit massique de l'air est saisi.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième signal est dérivé d'un signal actuel d'ionisation, où le deuxième signal est représentatif aussi bien pour la puissance actuelle que pour le rapport d'air/carburant actuel.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'un signal représentatif aussi bien pour la puissance actuelle que pour le rapport d'air/carburant actuel est utilisé également comme premier signal, où le premier signal et le deuxième signal présentent l'un et l'autre une dépendance différente du rapport d'air/carburant et/ou de la puissance.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les signaux d'ionisation eux-même sont utilisés comme premier et/ou deuxième signal.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que le signal d'ionisation actuel, à partir duquel est dérivé le premier signal, est mesuré à l'aide d'une première tension d'alimentation, et que le signal d'ionisation actuel, à partir duquel est dérivé le deuxième signal, est mesuré à l'aide d'une deuxième tension d'alimentation.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que les signaux d'ionisation sont mesurés en ce qu'une tension alternative est appliquée à l'électrode à ionisation.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que les signaux d'ionisation sont mesurés en ce qu'une tension triangulaire ou une tension rectangulaire est appliquée à l'électrode à ionisation.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que les signaux d'ionisation sont utilisés en alternance pour la dérivation du premier signal et la dérivation du deuxième signal.
  11. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième signal est saisi à intervalle régulier, p. ex. une fois par minute.
  12. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que, lors du démarrage du brûleur à gaz, des mesures de référence sont effectuées où des signaux de référence sont saisis pour différentes puissance et stockés comme valeurs prédéterminées pour la comparaison avec le deuxième signal.
  13. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que, lors du démarrage du brûleur à gaz, des mesures de référence sont effectuées où des signaux d'ionisation de référence sont saisis pour différents nombres de tours du ventilateur et différents rapports d'air/carburant et stockés comme valeurs prédéterminées pour la comparaison avec le deuxième signal.
  14. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par le fait que le brûleur à gaz est arrêté ou ré-étalonné ou qu'une anomalie est affichée, si l'écart entre le deuxième signal et la valeur prédéterminée dépasse un seuil prédéterminé.
EP99122611A 1998-11-20 1999-11-11 Procédé pour commander le rapport d'air / carburant d'un brûleur à gaz prémélangé complet Expired - Lifetime EP1002997B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853567A DE19853567A1 (de) 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 Verfahren zur Luftzahlregelung eines vollvormischenden Gasbrenners
DE19853567 1998-11-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1002997A2 EP1002997A2 (fr) 2000-05-24
EP1002997A3 EP1002997A3 (fr) 2003-01-15
EP1002997B1 true EP1002997B1 (fr) 2004-04-28

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EP99122611A Expired - Lifetime EP1002997B1 (fr) 1998-11-20 1999-11-11 Procédé pour commander le rapport d'air / carburant d'un brûleur à gaz prémélangé complet

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1002997B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE265655T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19853567A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009057121A1 (de) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-09 Scheer Heizsysteme & Produktionstechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur qualitativen Überwachung und Regelung des Verbrennungszustandes eines Heizkesselsystems mittels eines Ionisationsflammenwächters
DE102010008908A1 (de) * 2010-02-23 2011-08-25 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und zum Luftzahl-geregelten Modulieren einer Brennerleistung
DE102012023606A1 (de) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennungsregelung bei einem Gas-oder Ölbrenner
EP2796787A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé de surveillance d'incinérateurs
EP3680553A1 (fr) 2019-01-10 2020-07-15 Vaillant GmbH Procédé de régulation du rapport d'air de combustion sur le brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE476628T1 (de) 2001-03-23 2010-08-15 Gvp Ges Zur Vermarktung Der Po Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der luftzahl
AT412902B (de) * 2003-09-23 2005-08-25 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur anpassung der geräteheizleistung eines gebläseunterstützten heizgerätes
DE102004055716C5 (de) 2004-06-23 2010-02-11 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung (Elektronischer Verbund I)
DE102010004826A1 (de) 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Honeywell Technologies S.A.R.L. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners
DE102011102575A1 (de) 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Kalibrieren und Betreiben eines Brenners
DE102015225886A1 (de) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerätesystem und Verfahren mit einem Heizgerätesystem
DE102016211345A1 (de) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Betriebsdaten einer Gasheizvorrichtung
DE102020104210A1 (de) * 2020-02-18 2021-08-19 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches in einem Heizgerät bei variabler Leistung
IT202100032360A1 (it) 2021-12-23 2023-06-23 Sit Spa Metodo e apparato per il monitoraggio e controllo della combustione in apparecchi bruciatori a gas combustibile

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638819A1 (fr) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-11 Vaillant Sarl Procede et un dispositif pour la preparation d'un melange combustible-air destine a une combustion
EP0770824B1 (fr) * 1995-10-25 2000-01-26 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et circuit pour commander un brûleur à gaz
DE19627857C2 (de) * 1996-07-11 1998-07-09 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasgebläsebrenners
DE29612014U1 (de) * 1996-07-10 1996-09-05 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh, 35576 Wetzlar Gasbrenner

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009057121A1 (de) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-09 Scheer Heizsysteme & Produktionstechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur qualitativen Überwachung und Regelung des Verbrennungszustandes eines Heizkesselsystems mittels eines Ionisationsflammenwächters
DE102010008908A1 (de) * 2010-02-23 2011-08-25 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und zum Luftzahl-geregelten Modulieren einer Brennerleistung
DE102010008908B4 (de) 2010-02-23 2018-12-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und zum Luftzahl-geregelten Modulieren einer Brennerleistung
DE102012023606A1 (de) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennungsregelung bei einem Gas-oder Ölbrenner
DE102012023606B4 (de) 2012-12-04 2019-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennungsregelung bei einem Gas-oder Ölbrenner
EP2796787A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-10-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé de surveillance d'incinérateurs
DE102013207720A1 (de) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Überwachung von Verbrennungsanlagen
EP3680553A1 (fr) 2019-01-10 2020-07-15 Vaillant GmbH Procédé de régulation du rapport d'air de combustion sur le brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage
DE102019100467A1 (de) 2019-01-10 2020-07-16 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zum Regeln des Verbrennungsluftverhältnisses am Brenner eines Heizgerätes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19853567A1 (de) 2000-05-25
ATE265655T1 (de) 2004-05-15
DE59909316D1 (de) 2004-06-03
EP1002997A2 (fr) 2000-05-24
EP1002997A3 (fr) 2003-01-15

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