EP0999307B1 - Road tunnel assembly for improving access for traffic in congested areas - Google Patents
Road tunnel assembly for improving access for traffic in congested areas Download PDFInfo
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- EP0999307B1 EP0999307B1 EP99118911A EP99118911A EP0999307B1 EP 0999307 B1 EP0999307 B1 EP 0999307B1 EP 99118911 A EP99118911 A EP 99118911A EP 99118911 A EP99118911 A EP 99118911A EP 0999307 B1 EP0999307 B1 EP 0999307B1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
- E01C1/04—Road crossings on different levels; Interconnections between roads on different levels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a road tunnel arrangement for accessing traffic from Metropolitan areas according to the preamble of claim 1, e.g. in FR-A-2 681 088 disclosed.
- the task therefore is to develop a concept for solving the traffic problem of Design metropolitan areas and megacities.
- the solution according to the invention for the traffic problems of the megacities is based on that the city or the metropolitan area is connected via tunnel tubes is developed. These tunnel tubes are so far below the surface of the earth that they are no longer in the area of supply and disposal lines and the subway. A A depth of 30 - 50 m is sufficient for this in most cases.
- the construction of the Tunnel tubes are made in a tunnel construction known per se. The occurring here Problems such as trapping the soil load, draining the groundwater and Ventilation has already been solved in tunnel construction. Appropriate concepts can be used.
- multi-storey car parks or Parking garages opened which are also arranged underground, on strategically important points under the city center.
- Access devices such as lifts for people and goods or stairs to Surface.
- the parking garages are preferably at intersections of the above ground Passenger transport in order to make a direct change to local and long-distance transport enable.
- the parking garages should have direct access to important ones Office buildings, government agencies, shopping malls and other inner city areas that many people have to reach every day. Unless at all desired parking garages and surface access devices The important inner city areas must be arranged quickly be within walking distance.
- the concept of the invention also includes the introduction of the outside coming traffic into the tunnel system. This takes place via a, the metropolitan area or the ring road surrounding the city, which is above ground or even underground can be arranged within a ring tunnel and via the feeder tunnel with the inner tube system is connected. Instead of a ring tunnel or a ring road can also have several ring roads at different distances from the center of the Metropolitan area. This can also be done directly with a Bypass road or a ring road connected.
- the above-ground city streets are only needed for special traffic tasks, For example, special deliveries, fire service operations, etc. otherwise remain above-ground roads are closed to private traffic or can only be used Special permit to be driven. Long-distance and through traffic is in known way over a large, above-ground ring road around the city or the Metropolitan area diverted.
- FIG. 1 shows a first pair of tunnels consisting of two individual tunnels 1A, 1B, which is a city straight ahead in one direction.
- the two tunnel tubes 1A, 1B run parallel, each tunnel tube is designed for one-way traffic and contains one Road with three lanes, for example.
- the pair of tubes 1A, 1B is located below the surface of the earth at a depth of approx. 30 m.
- the distance between the two tunnel tubes 1A, 1B from each other is also approximately 30 m.
- a second pair of tunnel tubes 2A, 2B is approximately perpendicular to the first pair 1A, 1B. These tunnel tubes are also at a distance of about 30 m from each other and cross the center of the city in a straight line. Every tunnel tube this too Paars is designed for one-way traffic and includes, for example, a street three lanes.
- the distance between the two individual tunnels 2A, 2B is also at approx. 30 m, the depth of the second pair of tunnel tubes 2A, 2B is clearly below the depth of the first pair, for example 30 m below. This allows the two pairs 1A, 1B; Cross 2A, 2B without interference in the city center.
- ring tunnels arranged R1 to R4.
- the diameter of the first Ring tunnel is between 1,200 and 1,600 m.
- the other ring tunnels follow in one Distance of approx. 800 m.
- the first ring tunnel R1 contains a one-way street in the traffic is clockwise, the following ring tunnel R2 one One-way street with traffic counterclockwise, etc. Successive ring tunnels therefore each contain a one-way street opposite direction of traffic.
- the number of ring tunnels corresponds to the size the city or metropolitan area and is not limited.
- the ring tunnels R1 to R4 lie at a depth between the depth of the first pair 1A, 1B and the second pair 2A, 2B of tunnel tubes.
- the traffic connection of the tunnel tubes 1A, 1B and 2A, 2B to the ring tunnels R1 to R4 takes place through Side benders and screws, as shown schematically in Fig. 2 using the example of Crossing point 1A-R3 is shown.
- the traffic coming from the ring tunnel R3 can turn right into the one leading to the city center Turn tunnel tube 1A.
- that from the periphery in the tunnel tube 1A Traffic moving towards the city center via the shown snail to the left in turn the ring tunnel R3.
- FIG. 4 A further embodiment of the concept according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
- the ring tunnel system becomes a square tunnel tube system used. This consists of a first plurality, parallel at a distance of approximately 1,000 m tunnel tubes ET 1 to ET 9 and a second one Many, also parallel to each other at a distance of about 1,000 m Tunnel tubes ET I to ET IX.
- the two varieties of tunnels are in one Angles of approximately 90 ° to one another form an orthogonal grid.
- Each tunnel of the first plurality and each tunnel of the second plurality have one Road with one or more lanes.
- the direction of travel in each other neighboring tunnels run in opposite directions.
- Traffic is also fed in via a ring road (not shown) or a ring tunnel.
- the first multitude of tunnel tubes ET 1 to ET 9 lies at a different depth than the second multitude ET I to ET IX in order to enable undisturbed crossings. It is preferably only allowed to turn right, so that only side turns are required.
- the depth of the first multitude of tunnels ET 1 to ET 9 is about 50 m below the surface of the earth, while the second multitude is about 5 - 10 m deeper.
- Parking garages are located at strategically important points and Feeders such as lifts and stairs lead to the surface.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Straßentunnelanordnung zur Verkehrserschließung von Ballungsräumen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, wie z.B. in FR-A-2 681 088 offenbart.The invention relates to a road tunnel arrangement for accessing traffic from Metropolitan areas according to the preamble of claim 1, e.g. in FR-A-2 681 088 disclosed.
Es wird geschätzt, daß der Verkehr in Europa noch auf eine Dauer von ca. 10 Jahren und in Schwellen- und Entwicklungsländern noch auf eine Dauer von ca. 30 Jahren stark zunehmen wird. Das größte Verkehrswachstum werden hier die sogenannten Megastädte, also Metropolen und Ballungsräume mit vielen Millionen Einwohnern zu verzeichnen haben. Unabhängig von den öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln, insbesondere dem öffentlichen Personennahverkehr in solchen Städten werde die vorhandenen Innenstadtstraßen dem zunehmenden Verkehrsaufkommen nicht mehr gewachsen sein. Auch eine weitgehende Auslagerung auf den öffentlichen Personennahverkehr ist nicht möglich, und zwar nicht nur wegen fehlender Akzeptanz, sondern auch, weil der öffentliche Personennahverkehr nicht die Kapazität hat, einen großen Teil des Individualverkehrs zusätzlich aufzunehmen.It is estimated that traffic in Europe will continue for about 10 years and in emerging and developing countries for a period of around 30 years will increase sharply. The greatest growth in traffic will be the so-called Megacities, i.e. metropolises and metropolitan areas with millions of inhabitants have recorded. Regardless of public transportation, in particular public transport in such cities will become the existing one Downtown streets can no longer cope with the increasing volume of traffic. Extensive outsourcing to local public transport is also not possible, not only because of a lack of acceptance, but also because of the local public transport does not have the capacity to do much of the To include private transport additionally.
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, ein Konzept zur Lösung des Verkehrsproblems von Ballungsräumen und Megastädten zu entwerfen.The task therefore is to develop a concept for solving the traffic problem of Design metropolitan areas and megacities.
Ein solches Konzept ist Gegenstand der Ansprüche 1 und 10. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.Such a concept is the subject of claims 1 and 10. Advantageous refinements are the dependent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung für die Verkehrsprobleme der Megastädte basiert darauf, daß die Stadt oder der Ballungsraum verkehrstechnisch unterirdisch über Tunnelröhren erschlossen wird. Diese Tunnelröhren liegen soweit unterhalb der Erdoberfläche, daß sie nicht mehr im Bereich der Ver- und Entsorgungsleitungen und der U-Bahn sind. Eine Tiefe von 30 - 50 m ist hierfür in den meisten Fällen ausreichend. Der Bau der Tunnelröhren erfolgt in an sich bekannter Tunnelbauweise. Die hierbei auftretenden Probleme wie das Abfangen der Erdlast, die Drainage des Grundwassers und die Belüftung wurden im Tunnelbau bereits gelöst. Auf entsprechende Konzepte kann zurückgegriffen werden.The solution according to the invention for the traffic problems of the megacities is based on that the city or the metropolitan area is connected via tunnel tubes is developed. These tunnel tubes are so far below the surface of the earth that they are no longer in the area of supply and disposal lines and the subway. A A depth of 30 - 50 m is sufficient for this in most cases. The construction of the Tunnel tubes are made in a tunnel construction known per se. The occurring here Problems such as trapping the soil load, draining the groundwater and Ventilation has already been solved in tunnel construction. Appropriate concepts can be used.
Über dieses unterirdische Röhrensystem werden erfindungsgemäß Parkhäuser bzw. Parkgaragen erschlossen, die ebenfalls unterirdisch angeordnet sind, und zwar an strategisch wichtigen Punkten unter dem Stadtzentrum. Von diesen Parkhäusern führen Zugangsvorrichtungen wie Aufzüge für Personen und Güter oder Treppen zur Oberfläche. Die Parkhäuser sind vorzugsweise an Knotenpunkten des oberirdischen Personenverkehrs, um ein unmittelbares Umsteigen in den Nah- und Fernverkehr zu ermöglichen. Ferner sollen die Parkhäuser unmittelbaren Zugang zu wichtigen Bürogebäuden, Behörden, Einkaufszentren und anderen innerstädtischen Bereichen geben, die täglich von vielen Personen erreicht werden müssen. Sofern nicht an allen erwünschten Punkten Parkhäuser und Zugangsvorrichtungen für die Oberfläche angeordnet werden können, müssen die wichtigen Innenstadtbereiche jedenfalls schnell zu Fuß erreichbar sein.According to the invention, multi-storey car parks or Parking garages opened, which are also arranged underground, on strategically important points under the city center. Lead from these parking garages Access devices such as lifts for people and goods or stairs to Surface. The parking garages are preferably at intersections of the above ground Passenger transport in order to make a direct change to local and long-distance transport enable. Furthermore, the parking garages should have direct access to important ones Office buildings, government agencies, shopping malls and other inner city areas that many people have to reach every day. Unless at all desired parking garages and surface access devices The important inner city areas must be arranged quickly be within walking distance.
Zum erfindungsgemäßen Konzept gehört ferner die Einbringung des von außen kommenden Verkehrs in das Tunnelsystem. Diese erfolgt über eine, den Ballungsraum bzw. die Stadt umgebende Ringstraße, welche oberirdisch oder selbst unterirdisch innerhalb eines Ringtunnels angeordnet sein kann und über Zubringertunnels mit dem inneren Röhrensystem verbunden ist. Anstelle eines Ringtunnels oder einer Ringstraße können auch mehrere Ringstraßen in verschiedenen Abständen vom Zentrum des Ballungsraumes angeordnet sein. Diese können auch unmittelbar mit einer Umgehungsstraße oder einem Umgehungsring verbunden sein.The concept of the invention also includes the introduction of the outside coming traffic into the tunnel system. This takes place via a, the metropolitan area or the ring road surrounding the city, which is above ground or even underground can be arranged within a ring tunnel and via the feeder tunnel with the inner tube system is connected. Instead of a ring tunnel or a ring road can also have several ring roads at different distances from the center of the Metropolitan area. This can also be done directly with a Bypass road or a ring road connected.
Im Ergebnis wird der innerstädtische Kraftfahrzeug Personenverkehr von den bestehenden, oberirdischen Stadtstraßen weggenommen und unter die Erde verlagert. Die oberirdischen Stadtstraßen werden nur noch für Spezialverkehrsaufgaben benötigt, beispielsweise besondere Zulieferungen, Feuerwehreinsätze usw. ansonsten bleiben die oberirdischen Straßen für den Individualverkehr gesperrt bzw. können nur mit Sondergenehmigung befahren werden. Der Fern- und Durchgangsverkehr wird in an sich bekannter Weise über eine große, oberirdische Ringstraße um die Stadt bzw. den Ballungsraum herumgeleitet.As a result, the inner-city motor vehicle passenger traffic from the existing, above-ground city streets taken away and moved underground. The above-ground city streets are only needed for special traffic tasks, For example, special deliveries, fire service operations, etc. otherwise remain above-ground roads are closed to private traffic or can only be used Special permit to be driven. Long-distance and through traffic is in known way over a large, above-ground ring road around the city or the Metropolitan area diverted.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben, welche zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- eine Detaildarstellung des Bereiches A aus Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine alternative Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit dem Grundkonzept der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 1 und 2;
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a detailed view of area A of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- is a schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment of the invention according to the basic concept of the embodiment. Figures 1 and 2;
- Fig. 4
- is a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of the invention.
Ein erstes System gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Dies zeigt ein erstes, aus zwei Einzeltunneln 1A, 1B bestehendes Tunnelpaar, welches eine Stadt in einer Richtung geradeaus durchquert. Die beiden Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B verlaufen hierbei parallel, jede Tunnelröhre ist für Einbahnverkehr ausgebildet und beinhaltet eine Straße mit beispielsweise drei Fahrspuren. Das Röhrenpaar 1A, 1B befindet sich unterhalb der Erdoberfläche in einer Tiefe von ca. 30 m.A first system according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. this shows a first pair of tunnels consisting of two individual tunnels 1A, 1B, which is a city straight ahead in one direction. The two tunnel tubes 1A, 1B run parallel, each tunnel tube is designed for one-way traffic and contains one Road with three lanes, for example. The pair of tubes 1A, 1B is located below the surface of the earth at a depth of approx. 30 m.
Der Abstand der beiden Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B voneinander liegt ebenfalls bei ca. 30 m.The distance between the two tunnel tubes 1A, 1B from each other is also approximately 30 m.
Ein zweites Paar von Tunnelröhren 2A, 2B verläuft etwa senkrecht zu dem ersten Paar
1A, 1B. Auch diese Tunnelröhren weisen einen Abstand zueinander von etwa 30 m auf
und durchqueren in gerader Linie das Zentrum der Stadt. Auch jede Tunnelröhre dieses
Paars ist für den Einbahnverkehr ausgelegt und beinhaltet beispielsweise eine Straße mit
drei Fahrspuren. Der Abstand zwischen den beiden Einzeltunnels 2A, 2B liegt ebenfalls
bei ca. 30 m, die Tiefe des zweiten Paars von Tunnelröhren 2A, 2B liegt deutlich unter
der Tiefe des ersten Paares, beispielsweise 30 m darunter. Hierdurch können sich die
beiden Paare 1A, 1B; 2A, 2B etwa im Stadtzentrum störungsfrei kreuzen.A second pair of
Die Einspeisung des Verkehrs in die beiden Paare von Tunneln 1A, 1B; 2A, 2B erfolgt von der den Ballungsraum umgebenden (nicht dargestellten) Ringstraße.Feeding traffic into the two pairs of tunnels 1A, 1B; 2A, 2B from the ring road (not shown) surrounding the metropolitan area.
Zusätzlich zu den beiden beschriebenen Tunnelpaaren 1A, 1B; 2A, 2B sind konzentrisch zum Kreuzungspunkt dieser Tunnelpaare, der sich etwa im Zentrum der Stadt befindet, Ringtunnels R1 bis R4 angeordnet. Der Durchmesser des ersten Ringtunnels liegt bei 1.200 bis 1.600 m. Die weiteren Ringtunnels folgen in einem Abstand von ca. 800 m. Der erste Ringtunnel R1 beinhaltet eine Einbahnstraße, in der der Verkehr im Uhrzeigersinn geführt ist, der darauf folgende Ringtunnel R2 eine Einbahnstraße mit Verkehrsführung entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn, etc. Aufeinanderfolgende Ringtunnel beinhalten demnach jeweils eine Einbahnstraße mit entgegengesetzter Verkehrsrichtung. Die Anzahl der Ringtunnels entspricht der Größe der Stadt bzw. des Ballungraums und ist nicht beschränkt.In addition to the two pairs of tunnels 1A, 1B; 2A, 2B concentric to the crossing point of these pairs of tunnels, which is located approximately in the center of the City located, ring tunnels arranged R1 to R4. The diameter of the first Ring tunnel is between 1,200 and 1,600 m. The other ring tunnels follow in one Distance of approx. 800 m. The first ring tunnel R1 contains a one-way street in the the traffic is clockwise, the following ring tunnel R2 one One-way street with traffic counterclockwise, etc. Successive ring tunnels therefore each contain a one-way street opposite direction of traffic. The number of ring tunnels corresponds to the size the city or metropolitan area and is not limited.
Die Ringtunnels R1 bis R4 liegen in einer Tiefe zwischen der Tiefe des ersten Paars 1A,
1B und des zweiten Paars 2A, 2B von Tunnelröhren. Die verkehrsmäßige Anbindung
der Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B und 2A, 2B an die Ringtunnels R1 bis R4 erfolgt durch
Seitenabbieger und Schnecken, wie es schematisch in Fig. 2 am Beispiel des
Kreuzungspunktes 1A-R3 dargestellt ist. Der vom Ringtunnel R3 kommende Verkehr
kann über einen Seitenabbieger nach rechts in die zum Stadtzentrum führende
Tunnelröhre 1A abbiegen. Ferner kann der von der Peripherie in der Tunnelröhre 1A
Richtung Stadtzentrum fahrende Verkehr über die dargestellte Schnecke nach links in
den Ringtunnel R3 abbiegen. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind 16 Schnecken
und 32 Seitenabbieger erforderlich. Diese Zahl richtet sich jedoch nach der Anzahl der
Paare und der Anzahl der Ringtunnel.The ring tunnels R1 to R4 lie at a depth between the depth of the first pair 1A,
1B and the
Da die Ringtunnel R1 bis R 4 auf einer andern Höhe liegen als die Paare von
Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B und 2A, 2B ist mit jedem Abbiegevorgang auch eine
Höhenänderung verbunden, was bei ausreichend langer Ausbildung der Abbiegespuren
jedoch keine tatsächliches Problem ist.Since the ring tunnels R1 to R 4 are at a different height than the pairs of
Selbstverständlich ist weder die Anzahl der Ringtunnels R1 bis R4 noch die Anzahl der
Paare von Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B bzw. 2A, 2B beschränkt. In Fig. 3 ist beispielsweise
eine Anordnung mit 3 Paaren von Tunnelröhren 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B und 3A, 3B dargestellt.Of course, neither the number of ring tunnels R1 to R4 nor the number of
Pairs of
Eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Konzepts zeigt Fig. 4. Anstelle des Ringtunnelsystems wird hier ein quadratisch angeordnetes Tunnelröhrensystem verwendet. Dieses besteht aus einer ersten Vielzahl, parallel im Abstand von etwa 1.000 m zueinander verlaufenden Tunnelröhren ET 1 bis ET 9 und einer zweiten Vielzahl, ebenfalls parallel zueinander im Abstand von etwa 1.000 m verlaufenden Tunnelröhren ET I bis ET IX. Die beiden Vielzahlen von Tunneln stehen in einem Winkel von etwa 90° aufeinander, bilden also ein orthogonales Gitter.A further embodiment of the concept according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4. Instead of the ring tunnel system becomes a square tunnel tube system used. This consists of a first plurality, parallel at a distance of approximately 1,000 m tunnel tubes ET 1 to ET 9 and a second one Many, also parallel to each other at a distance of about 1,000 m Tunnel tubes ET I to ET IX. The two varieties of tunnels are in one Angles of approximately 90 ° to one another form an orthogonal grid.
Jeder Tunnel der ersten Vielzahl und jeder Tunnel der zweiten Vielzahl weist eine Straße mit einer oder mehreren Fahrspuren auf. Die Fahrtrichtung in zueinander benachbarten Tunnels ist jeweils gegenläufig.Each tunnel of the first plurality and each tunnel of the second plurality have one Road with one or more lanes. The direction of travel in each other neighboring tunnels run in opposite directions.
Die Einspeisung des Verkehr erfolgt ebenfalls über eine (nicht dargestellte) Ringstraße oder einen Ringtunnel.Traffic is also fed in via a ring road (not shown) or a ring tunnel.
Die erste Vielzahl von Tunnelröhren ET 1 bis ET 9 liegt auf einer anderen Tiefe als die
zweite Vielzahl ET I bis ET IX, um ungestörte Kreuzungen zu ermöglichen.
Vorzugsweise ist nur rechts abbiegen erlaubt, so daß hier lediglich mit Seitenabbiegern
gearbeitet werden muß.
Die Tiefe der ersten Vielzahl von Tunnels ET 1 bis ET 9 liegt bei etwa 50 m unter der
Erdoberfläche während die zweite Vielzahl um etwa 5 - 10 m tiefer liegt. The first multitude of tunnel tubes ET 1 to ET 9 lies at a different depth than the second multitude ET I to ET IX in order to enable undisturbed crossings. It is preferably only allowed to turn right, so that only side turns are required.
The depth of the first multitude of tunnels ET 1 to ET 9 is about 50 m below the surface of the earth, while the second multitude is about 5 - 10 m deeper.
Die Anordnung und Bedienung von Parkhäusern ist bei beiden Systemen im wesentlichen gleich. Parkhäuser befinden sich an strategisch wichtigen Punkten und Zubringervorrichtungen wie Lifte und Treppen führen an die Oberfläche.The arrangement and operation of parking garages is in both systems essentially the same. Parking garages are located at strategically important points and Feeders such as lifts and stairs lead to the surface.
Claims (18)
- Street tunnel arrangement for developing access for traffic in densely populated areas, comprising street tunnels (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B) extending at a depth below the public utility services of the densely populated area, as well as a plurality of underground parking garages which are accessible with respect to street traffic via the street tunnels (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B) with access devices for people and goods to the surface of the densely populated area, characterised by at least one ring road arranged along the periphery of the densely populated area and a plurality of street tunnels (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B) arranged within this ring road at regular intervals and connected to the ring road with respect to street traffic, of which one pair (1A, 1B), of tunnels extending linearly next to one another crosses the densely populated area at a first depth and at least one further pair (2A, 2B; 3A, 3B) of tunnels also extending linearly next to one another crosses the densely populated area at a second depth, the first pair (1A, 1B) and the second pair (2A, 2B; 3A, 3B) intersecting one another approximately in the centre of the densely populated area in projection.
- Tunnel arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the ring road is also arranged underground in a tunnel.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tunnels (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B) lie at a depth of 30 to 50 metres below the surface of the ground.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of ring roads (R1, R2, R3, R4) extending above ground or in a tunnel are arranged at a different spacing from the centre of the densely populated area.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that only one street to be traversed in one direction is arranged in each tunnel (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B).
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that precisely two pairs (1A, 1B; 2A, 2B) of tunnels are provided which intersect in the centre of the densely populated area at an angle of about 90°.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of ring tunnels (R1, R2, R3, R4) are provided concentrically to the point of intersection of the two pairs (1A, 1B; 2A, 2B), consecutive ring tunnels (R1, R2, R3, R4) contain one-way streets running in opposite directions and the ring tunnels (R1, R2, R3, R4) are connected to the pairs (1A, 1B; 2A, 2B) by loops or turn-off lanes.
- Tunnel arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the ring formed by the inner ring tunnel (R1) has a diameter between 1,000 and 2,000 m and the ring tunnels (R1, R2, R3, R4) have a spacing from one another of between 500 and 1,200 m.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the first pair (1A, 1B) of tunnels is arranged at the same level at a spacing of approximately 30 m from one another, the second pair (2A) are arranged with their apexes approximately 30 m below the bottoms of the first pair (1A, 1B) and the ring tunnels (R1, R2, R3, R4) are arranged with respect to level between the first pair (1A, 1B) and the second pair (2A, 2B) of tunnels.
- Street tunnel arrangement for developing access for traffic in densely populated areas, comprising street tunnels (ET 1 to ET 9, ET I to ET IX) extending at a depth below the public utility services of the densely populated area as well as a plurality of underground parking garages which are accessible with respect to street traffic via the street tunnels (ET 1 to ET 9, ET I to ET IX) with access devices for people and goods to the surface of the densely populated area, characterised by at least one ring road arranged along the periphery of the densely populated area and a plurality of street tunnels (ET 1 to ET 9, ET I to ET IX) arranged within this ring road at regular intervals and connected to the ring road with respect to street traffic, which consist of a first plurality of tunnels (ET 1 to ET 9) crossing the densely populated area in parallel at regular intervals and a second plurality of tunnels (ET I to ET IX) crossing the densely populated area in parallel at regular intervals, the second plurality (ET I to ET IX) extending substantially perpendicularly to the first plurality (ET 1 to ET 9) and being arranged at a different depth.
- Tunnel arrangement according to claim 10, characterised in that the ring road is also arranged underground in a tunnel.
- Tunnel arrangement according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the tunnels (ET 1 to ET 9, ET I to ET IX) lie at a depth of 30 to 50 m below the surface of the ground.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that a plurality of ring roads (R1, R2, R3, R4) extending above ground or in a tunnel are arranged at various spacings from the centre of the densely populated area.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that only one street to be traversed in one direction is arranged in each tunnel (ET 1 to ET 9, ET I to ET IX).
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that respective adjacent tunnels of the first plurality (ET 1 to ET 9) and of the second plurality (ET I to ET IX) contain one-way streets with opposite traffic directions.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that the first plurality (ET 1 to ET 9) of tunnels is arranged approximately 50 m below the surface of the ground and the second plurality of tunnels (ET I to ET IX) is arranged at a vertical spacing of about 10 m from the first plurality (ET 1 to ET 9).
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the access devices from the parking garages to the surface of the densely populated area are stairs and/or lifts for people and goods.
- Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that connecting points for the local public transport system and long-distance transport are directly accessed via the access devices.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19850937 | 1998-11-05 | ||
| DE19850937A DE19850937C1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1998-11-05 | Road tunnel arrangement for opening up traffic to metropolitan areas |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0999307A2 EP0999307A2 (en) | 2000-05-10 |
| EP0999307A3 EP0999307A3 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
| EP0999307B1 true EP0999307B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
Family
ID=7886751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99118911A Expired - Lifetime EP0999307B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 1999-09-24 | Road tunnel assembly for improving access for traffic in congested areas |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6312187B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0999307B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3254196B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9905148A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19850937C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10126193C1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-10-10 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Multi-story and underground building for selling and servicing cars comprises a space for exhibiting new vehicles, a space for receiving cars, servicing areas, an office area distributed over several floors, and an elevator and staircase |
| DE102004018234B4 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2006-03-23 | Walter, Ignaz, Prof. Dr.h.c. | Road tunnel arrangement |
| GB2413142A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-19 | H C Ignaz Walter | Roundabout arrangement for road tunnels |
| CA2597412A1 (en) * | 2005-02-11 | 2006-08-17 | Thomas F. Gustafson | Community intermodal transit system |
| KR20070094362A (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-20 | 김영대 | Construction method of roadway and transportation method |
| US20080267700A1 (en) * | 2007-04-28 | 2008-10-30 | Rene Yin | Weaving free two level cloverleaf type interchange for a highway crossing over a street |
| US20090060647A1 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2009-03-05 | John Denison | Traffic merging system |
| KR101153913B1 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2012-06-07 | 김재훈 | Road for mitigation to traffic congestion |
| CN102704361B (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2017-03-08 | 李光谦 | It is not provided with the city circulation highway of traffic lights |
| PL2918724T3 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2017-10-31 | Fok | Municipal crossroads structure |
| BR112016002117A2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2017-08-01 | Meroz Gilead | spiral ring complete road clover system |
| CN106012729A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-10-12 | 彭高培 | Optimized-bus matching multidimensional traffic network |
| JP2021070927A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-06 | 伊藤 則義 | Deep underground parking lot |
| CN113089399B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2024-10-08 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Underground interchange structure with intensive underground substation |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1661490A (en) * | 1928-03-06 | Street crossing | ||
| DE806019C (en) * | 1950-02-22 | 1951-06-11 | Willy Roth | Route system |
| GB848739A (en) * | 1957-10-21 | 1960-09-21 | Arturo Olivero Cedeno | Traffic intersection |
| US2941454A (en) * | 1957-10-21 | 1960-06-21 | Cedeno Arturo Olivero | Traffic intersection |
| US3533062A (en) * | 1967-01-03 | 1970-10-06 | Moody L Coffman | Traffic flow control system |
| US3675584A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1972-07-11 | Alden Self Transit Syst | Transportation system |
| US3847496A (en) * | 1970-12-11 | 1974-11-12 | J Stankiewicz | Traffic network for urban settlement |
| DE2221627A1 (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1973-11-15 | Raimund Dipl-Ing Doblhoff | RAILWAY MOTORWAY AND MOTORWAY RAILWAY |
| DE2419448A1 (en) * | 1974-04-23 | 1975-10-30 | Ulrich Tang | City with underground transport - has roads at cellar level and preset electric cars accessible from cellars |
| US3945745A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-03-23 | Chang Amos I T | Traffic flow control systems |
| JPS5539524A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-19 | Shoji Sanae | Road intersection |
| US4679363A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-14 | Adams George W | Township, city and regional land arrangement |
| GB2202562B (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1991-07-03 | Yin Lung Yang | Road junction |
| US4927288A (en) * | 1988-11-25 | 1990-05-22 | Subhash Raswant | Road traffic network |
| FR2681088A1 (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-12 | Bouygues Sa | Access device to allow a road vehicle to gain access to an underground road-traffic carriageway situated at a great depth, starting from a surface carriageway or vice-versa, and carriageway thus equipped |
| DE4135693C2 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1996-03-07 | Werner Pfeifer | Traffic management system |
| JPH10246005A (en) * | 1997-03-04 | 1998-09-14 | Hazama Gumi Ltd | Construction for large city |
-
1998
- 1998-11-05 DE DE19850937A patent/DE19850937C1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-09-24 EP EP99118911A patent/EP0999307B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-03 US US09/433,493 patent/US6312187B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-04 JP JP31351599A patent/JP3254196B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-05 BR BR9905148-6A patent/BR9905148A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6312187B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
| DE19850937C1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
| BR9905148A (en) | 2001-03-20 |
| JP2000144607A (en) | 2000-05-26 |
| EP0999307A3 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
| EP0999307A2 (en) | 2000-05-10 |
| JP3254196B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 |
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