EP1591620B1 - Road tunnel assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The two pairs (1,2) of tunnel tubes (1',1",2',2") extend mutually parallel and run mutually at right angles. The pairs arranged at same depth underneath conurbation, enclose square parallelepiped (4) of natural earth, at intersection portion of pairs. The earth is removed from hatched area (6) along outer sides (5) of roads carrying traffic along direction (3) running past parallelepiped, to form circular roundabout arrangement. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) road tunnel arrangement production method; and (2) road tunnel network.

Description

The invention relates to a road tunnel arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for producing such a road tunnel arrangement and a road tunnel network using such a road tunnel arrangement.

It is estimated that transport will continue to increase strongly in Europe, and especially in emerging and developing countries, for a period of about 30 years. The largest traffic growth here will be recorded by the so-called megacities, ie metropolises and agglomerations with many millions of inhabitants. Regardless of public transport, especially public transport in such cities, the existing inner-city roads will no longer be able to cope with increasing traffic volumes. Extensive outsourcing to local public transport is also not possible, not only because of lack of acceptance, but also because local public transport does not have the capacity to accommodate a large proportion of private transport.

JP 10246005 describes a concept for supplying power to an agglomeration using tunnels and tunnel tubes, it being pointed out only marginally that the traffic can be conducted in tunnels. The FR 2681088 has a road tunnel arrangement for traffic development of agglomerations to the object, wherein a ring road is provided and a plurality of within this ring road at regular intervals and road traffic moderately connected to the ring road, running at a depth below the supply and disposal systems of the agglomeration road tunnel tubes and underground parking garages with access devices for persons and goods to the surface of the conurbation.

Finally, EP 0 999 307 A2 of the same applicant discloses a road tunnel arrangement for the traffic development of agglomerations having all the features of the preamble of claim 1, wherein reference is made in particular to the embodiment according to FIG. 4 of said document, which is a checkered pattern at an angle of 90 ° cruising tunnel tubes, each tunnel tube for receiving a One-way street is formed and lead each adjacent tunnel tubes counter-rotating traffic.

Although the road tunnel arrangement described in EP 0 999 307 A2 represents a considerable advance over the known arrangements, it is complicated in design and thus expensive, because the intersecting road tunnel tubes are arranged at different depths in order to achieve a crossing-free arrangement. At each crossing point of two tunnel tubes one must work with side benders and so-called screws (compare FIG. 2 from EP 0 999 307 A2), wherein these side benders and screws must also bridge the difference in height of the intersecting road tunnel tubes.

It is therefore an object to develop a generic road tunnel assembly so that it is easier and cheaper to manufacture and yet ensures a smooth flow of traffic.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the dependent claims.

The gist of the invention is to build the intersecting road tunnels all at the same depth below the ground and connect each pair of parallel road tunnel tubes to a pair for opposing traffic, each road tunnel tube accommodating a one-way multi-lane road. Where two pairs of tunnel tubes intersect, a large-scale roundabout arrangement is provided, in which four tunnels with inflowing traffic open and discharge traffic from the four tunnel tubes. The problems encountered here supporting problems due to the extremely large-scale Untertunnelung in the field of roundabout arrangements are solved in the center of each roundabout arrangement a cuboid remains untouched and thus the naturally grown and stable soil acts as a central support for the large sub-tunnelled area of the roundabout arrangement.

The arrangement is designed so that it represents an economically optimal solution from the point of view of structural engineering. Namely, all four road tunnel tubes can be manufactured with straight ahead tunnel boring machines, which are standard in Tunneling are used and are known in the art. The special areas required for the construction of the roundabout arrangements in the area of the intersections are produced by special equipment, however, the tunnel boring machines can also drive straight through at the location of the later roundabout, without it being necessary to apply special construction methods at the location of the roundabout. Thus, at first straight leading tunnel tubes are initially produced and at the automatically resulting intersections then further soil is removed by special equipment to provide the base for the roundabout arrangements.

Figur 1:

Eine Planansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Straßentunnelanordnung; und

Figur 2:

eine Planansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Straßentunnelanordnung.

Two embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an accompanying drawing. Hereby show:

FIG. 1:

A plan view of a first embodiment of a road tunnel arrangement according to the invention; and

FIG. 2:

a plan view of a second embodiment of a road tunnel arrangement according to the invention.

In both embodiments of the road tunnel arrangement according to the invention, two pairs 1 and 2 of tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" intersect in the subsurface, for example below a conurbation. The first pair 1 consists of the two individual tunnel tubes 1 'and 1 ", which run parallel to one another at a distance of approximately 30 m from each other The second pair 2 consists of the two tunnel tubes 2' and 2", which are likewise parallel to one another and likewise at a distance of 30 m to each other. The tunnel tubes 1 'and 1 "of the first pair 1 are perpendicular to the tunnel tubes 2' and 2" of the second pair 2, at the same depth below the surface of the earth, so that the crossing arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 results.

Each tunnel tube 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" includes a one-way street with several, in the illustrated embodiments, three lanes. Each tunnel tube is made in a conventional manner, namely, for example, with a straight ahead tunnel boring machine, in particular a shield tunneling machine, ie with techniques as they are known from tunneling and mining. Furthermore, each tunnel tube is lined and reinforced on the inside, which will not be discussed in more detail below, since these measures are also known from mining and tunneling.

The tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" are preferably located at a depth of about 30 - 50 m below the earth's surface, for example below a metropolitan area.

The two crossing pairs 1 and 2 of tunnel tubes in the plan view (= plan view) enclosing a rectangle 4, which in both embodiments due to the same distance of the tunnel tubes 1 'and 1 "of the first pair 1 and the tunnel tubes 2' and 2" of the second pair 2 is a square. Within this square, the natural soil remains completely untouched, since the straight-ahead tunnel arrangements 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" each lead past this rectangle or limit it. In the three-dimensional square 4 corresponds to a cuboid, which consists of natural, solidified soil and the ceiling of the entire, described in more detail below crossing arrangement is supported.

Opposite each of the four outer sides 5 of the rectangle 4 in the center of the crossing region, the soil in the hatched areas 6 is removed. Each area 6 is bounded on the one hand by the - with respect to the center of the arrangement - the outer edge of the course of a tunnel tube (eg 2 ") and the inner edge of the course of the two perpendicular thereto tunnel tubes of the other pair (eg 1 ', 1"), where the examples relate to the dashed region 6 shown on the right in Figures 1 and 2. These dashed areas 6 are prepared by Spezialräumgeräte after completion of the tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2". It can be seen from the drawings that the additional clearance volume for the regions 6 is small compared to the already existing volume already produced by the shield tunneling machines in the production of the tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2".

For completion of the structure, the outer sides 5 of the central rectangle may be structurally reinforced, for example, in particular geological conditions, in particular if the rectangle consists of loose soil. be concreted. In the same way, the entire ceiling and wall area of the arrangement can be structurally reinforced.

The horizontally or vertically thin dashed in the figures, circular segment-shaped areas directly on the outsides 5 of the square 4 and the hatched outside of these areas annular area are indeed undertunnelled and cleared, since they are the extensions of the road tunnel tubes, but not for the roundabout used. These areas can either be left free and paved, or they can Buildings or other facilities, such as police, emergency services, fire brigade, emergency services, surveillance services, etc. are arranged on it.

Preferably, each one-way street 3 within each tunnel tube 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" on three lanes, but this may also have two, four or more lanes. The same number of lanes preferably has each roundabout, so that a smooth transition from the one-way streets in the roundabout and back out of this is possible.

It is also advantageous in the region of the junction of each tunnel tube 1 'or 2 ", which feeds the traffic circle arrangement, between this tunnel tube 1' and 2" and the roundabout earth structure to remove. Here, the view 7 shown in the figures between the tunnel tube 1 'and 2' and the roundabout arrangement is generated and approaching the roundabout vehicles look better coming from the roundabout vehicles. This view 7 may have in the plan view (plan view) approximately the shape of a triangle or otherwise designed.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the remaining at the outer corner points A tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" remaining soil in plan view (plan view) is removed to form a slope or convex rounding, first, to better overview secondly to mitigate the consequences of accidents in accidents in this area.

While the previous embodiments applied to both exemplary embodiments, the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that as much ground has been removed at the outer corners A of crossing tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2", that a turn-off lane 9 is formed, via which the vehicles of the zubringenden tunnel tube, eg 1 ', into the evacuating tunnel tube, e.g. 2 ", can turn without going into the roundabout itself This arrangement is to avoid accidents.There are traffic measures to provide, which require an early arrangement of the turning traffic in the right lane.

The invention also provides a method for producing such a road tunnel arrangement, which provides in particular that the first Road tunnel tubes 1 ', 1 ", 2', 2" are made with straight leading, simple and known from previous tunneling and mining tunnel boring machines. These machines are in particular Schildvortriebsmaschinen. After completion of this shell, the roundabout arrangements are created by removing the soil on the outer sides, ie between the individual tunnel tubes, and by rounding in the corner A and solidifies the surfaces, and introduced the road surface. The method has the advantage of being able to operate with simple, well-known machines and no additional expense is required to support the entire roundabout arrangement, because the remaining block (square 4) inherits this support function in a natural way.

As an alternative to the proposed embodiments, it is also possible to guide the tunnel tubes 2 ', 2 "of the second pair 2 at a different distance from each other than the tunnel tubes 1', 1" of the first pair 1. In this case, the central rectangle 4 is not Square and there is no roundabout, but a ring traffic arrangement, which has approximately the shape of an ellipse.

Preferably, the road tunnel arrangement according to the invention is used within a road tunnel network for traffic development of agglomerations, then a plurality of pairs 1 and 2 are provided, which can all be parallel or perpendicular, resulting in a checkerboard pattern of road tunnels, at their crossing points, the inventive Ring or roundabout arrangements are located. Such a tunnel network preferably runs at a depth below the supply and disposal systems and the other transport systems (eg U- and S-Bahn) of the metropolitan area, ie in about 30 - 50 m below the earth's surface. The traffic-related development from the outside can be done by a ring road along the periphery of the agglomeration, to which the tunnel tubes are taut in a suitable and well-known manner road traffic. It can also be provided several ring roads at different distances from the center of the agglomeration, at least one of these ring roads can be arranged in a tunnel. Preferably, such a tunnel network also has a large number of underground parking garages which are accessible by road through the tunnel tubes and have access devices for persons and goods, eg stairs and elevators, to the surface of the conurbation, which also Access points for public and long-distance transport.

Claims (17)

1. Road tunnel arrangement with a first and a second pair (1, 2) of tunnel tubes (1', 1"; 2', 2") extending parallel to one another, which receive one-way roads (3) for traffic in opposite directions, wherein the pairs (1, 2) run substantially perpendicular to one another, characterised in that the two pairs (1, 2) are arranged at substantially the same depth and at their crossings enclose a right parallelepiped (4) made of natural soil, and, along each outer side of the one-way roads (3) passing the right parallelepiped (4), the soil is removed (6) to form a ring traffic arrangement.
2. Tunnel arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the right parallelepiped (4) is square in plan view and the ring traffic arrangement is therefore a roundabout arrangement.
3. Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer sides (5) of the right parallelepiped (4) are reinforced in terms of structural engineering, in particular concreted.
4. Tunnel arrangement according to either of claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the diameter of each roundabout arrangement corresponds to the spacing between the point-symmetrically opposing outer corner points (A) of intersecting tunnel tubes (1', 1"; 2', 2").
5. Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each one-way road (3) and each ring traffic arrangement has at least two, preferably three or four driving lanes.
6. Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the region of the mouth of each tunnel tube (1'; 2"), which feeds traffic to the ring traffic arrangement, soil is removed between this tunnel tube (1'; 2") and the ring traffic arrangement in order to allow a view (7) between the tunnel tube (1'; 2") and the ring traffic arrangement.
7. Tunnel arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that the view (7) produced by the soil removed between the tunnel tube (1'; 2") and ring traffic arrangement in plan view has approximately the shape of a triangle.
8. Tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the soil remaining at the outer corner points (A) of intersecting tunnel tubes (1', 1"; 2', 2"), in plan view, is removed with the formation of a slope or convex rounded area.
9. Tunnel arrangement according to claim 8, characterised in that at the outer corner points (A) of intersecting tunnel tubes (1', 1"; 2', 2") so much soil is removed that a turning lane (9) directly connects, in other words connects without using the lanes of the ring traffic arrangement, the one-way roads (3) of the tunnel tubes (1', 1 "; 2', 2") meeting one another at this corner point.
10. Method for producing a road tunnel arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tunnel tubes (1', 1"; 2', 2") are drilled using tunnel drilling machines leading straight on, in particular shield tunnelling machines, and at the outer side of each one-way road (3) enclosing the right parallelepiped (4), the soil is removed (6) to form a ring traffic arrangement.
11. Road tunnel network for the traffic development of conurbations, characterised by a large number of road tunnel arrangements according to any one of the preceding claims.
12. Tunnel network according to claim 11, characterised in that, for traffic development of a conurbation, it runs underneath the supply and disposal systems of the conurbation, preferably at a depth of 30 to 50 metres under the conurbation.
13. Tunnel network according to claim 12, characterised in that at least one ring road is arranged along the periphery of the conurbation, to which the tunnel tubes are connected in terms of road traffic.
14. Tunnel network according to claim 13, characterised in that a plurality of ring roads are arranged at various spacings from the centre of the conurbation.
15. Tunnel network according to claim 14, characterised in that at least one ring road is also arranged underground in a tunnel.
16. Tunnel network according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterised in that a large number of underground car parks which are accessible in terms of road traffic via the tunnel tubes, are arranged, with access devices for people and goods, in particular stairs and lifts, to the surface of the conurbation.
17. Tunnel network according to claim 16, characterised in that connection points of the local public transport and long-distance transport systems are made directly accessible via the access devices.

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