EP0999289A1 - Acier contenant du chrome trés résistant à la corrosion, présentant une excellente résistance à l'oxidation et une excellente résistance à la corrosion intergranulaire - Google Patents
Acier contenant du chrome trés résistant à la corrosion, présentant une excellente résistance à l'oxidation et une excellente résistance à la corrosion intergranulaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0999289A1 EP0999289A1 EP99121680A EP99121680A EP0999289A1 EP 0999289 A1 EP0999289 A1 EP 0999289A1 EP 99121680 A EP99121680 A EP 99121680A EP 99121680 A EP99121680 A EP 99121680A EP 0999289 A1 EP0999289 A1 EP 0999289A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- less
- corrosion resistance
- content
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a highly corrosion resistant chromium-containing steel having corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance comparable or superior to those of low chromium (Cr) stainless steels and further having excellent intergranular corrosion resistance not offered by existing chromium containing steels, and despite having such a low Cr content as not to be included in the category of stainless steels.
- Cr low chromium
- Typical corrosion resistant stainless steels contain 11% by weight or more of chromium.
- Cr is expensive, there is a need for a steel composition that maintains its desirable characteristics even when the amount of chromium is decreased.
- Techniques for adding Si to compensate for a decrease in corrosion resistance of steels with lower chromium have been proposed.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-224148 proposed chromium steels as components of automobile exhaust systems having a Cr content of from more than 5.0% by weight to less than 10.0% by weight with addition of more than 1.5% to less than 3.0% by weight of Si and 0.3% by weight or less of Ti.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-279791 proposed steels for internal combustion engine exhaust systems of excellent wet corrosion resistance in which from 0.01% to less than 1.2% by weight of Si is added to steels with Cr content of 5.5% to 9.9% by weight.
- those chromium steels had no effective countermeasure against sensitization that is caused when Cr forms compounds with C or N and forms Cr depletion layers at the periphery adjacent those compounds.
- the steels are used as exhaust system components in automobiles, they cannot prevent sensitization caused by welding at the time of manufacture or by heating at the high exhaust gas temperatures encountered in use.
- Cr is deposited as carbides or nitrides, which causes intergranular corrosion at regions with lowered Cr concentration, thereby accelerating corrosion and even causing breakage of the eroded portion in a worst case.
- the present inventors have made an intense study for the effect of various additive elements on the corrosion resistance, the oxidation resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance of chromium-containing steels.
- a steel having corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance comparable to or superior to those of low Cr-stainless steels can be achieved by adding Si and Ti and, optionally, Mo and, further, setting the Ti/(C+N) ratio to a predetermined minimum value in accordance with the Cr content.
- the present inventors have found that it is effective to add Si, preferably in excess of a predetermined amount, and to add elements selected from Mo, Cu, Co, Ca, Nb and B for improving the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance. It has also been found that the intergranular corrosion resistance can be improved by first improving the corrosion resistance of the matrix by setting the addition amount of, for example, Si and Mo to appropriate values and, further, adding a sufficient amount of Ti while keeping the ratio of the Ti content [Ti] to the sum of the C content [C] and the N content [N]: [Ti]/([C] + [N]) in excess of a predetermined value in accordance with the Cr content [Cr].
- the present inventors have conducted a intergranular corrosion test for chromium-containing steel sheets which are based on Fe - 9 wt% Cr - 1.2 wt% Si and in which the contents of Ti, C and N are varied, and have investigated the relationship of the Cr content [Cr] to the ratio of the Ti content [Ti] to the sum of the C content [C] and the N content [N]: [Ti]/([C] + [N]) in the Cr-containing steels. The results are shown in Fig. 1
- a test piece prepared by butt welding two sheets of test specimens by GTA (Gas Tungsten Arc) welding was immersed in a boiling solution of sulfuric acid + copper sulfate for 16 hours, and subjected to a bending test.
- the presence or absence of intergranular corrosion cracks was confirmed by observing the outer surface of the bend with a magnifying glass.
- ⁇ represents the absence of intergranular corrosion cracks while ⁇ represents the presence of intergranular corrosion cracks.
- a steel composition according to the invention preferably has the following composition, on a weight % basis:
- a preferred embodiment of this invention provides a highly corrosion resistant chromium-containing steel comprising, on a weight % basis, in addition to the ingredients described above, at least one element selected from:
- Another preferred embodiment of this invention provides a highly corrosion resistant chromium-containing steel comprising, on a weight % basis, in addition to the ingredients described above at least one element selected from:
- elemental carbon has a negative impact on corrosion resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance. If the C content exceeds about 0.015% by weight, the undesired effects become remarkable, so that it is restricted to about 0.015% by weight or less. Particularly, a lower C content is more favorable with a view point of improving the corrosion resistance, the oxidation resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance, and the content is preferably 0.008% by weight or less.
- Si improves corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance.
- addition amount of exceeding about 1.0% by weight is desirable.
- no added benefit is conferred and the steel is hardened to degrade the workability.
- Mn has deoxidizing and desulphurizing effects and is a typical elemental ingredient in steel making. As too great an amount deteriorates the oxidation resistance and the workability of the steel, it is restricted in the invention to about 0.5% by weight or less.
- the P content should be as low as possible and in the invention it is restricted to about 0.05% by weight or less in view of an economical restriction in steel making.
- the corrosion resistance is improved as the S content is decreased, and it is restricted to about 0.01% by weight or less in view of an economical restriction imposed on the desulphurizing treatment in steel making.
- a lower S content is favorable from the view point of corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance, and it is preferably 0.005% by weight or less.
- Ni improves the corrosion resistance but since it is expensive and using too much of it increases of the cost, the content is preferably restricted to about 1.0% by weight or less.
- Cr improves corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance.
- Cr should be included at about 5.0% by weight or more for obtaining the corrosion resistance comparable with or superior to that of stainless steels, so this is a lower limit. Since the corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance are improved with increasing amounts of Cr, it is preferably used at about 8.0% by weight or more. However, since Cr is an expensive element and excessive addition increases the cost, it is restricted to about 10.4% by weight or less. In this invention, sufficient corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance can be obtained even if the Cr content is less than about 10.0% by weight.
- Al is preferably used as a deoxidizing agent in steel making; however, as excess addition forms inclusions which would cause degradation of the corrosion resistance and the surface property, it is restricted to about 0.1% by weight or less.
- N is an element that has an adverse impact on the corrosion resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance, especially if the content exceeds 0.015% by weight; therefore, its presence is preferably restricted to about 0.015% by weight or less.
- lower N content is favorable from the view point of improving the corrosion resistance, the oxidation resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance and it is preferably about 0.008% by weight or less.
- the sum of the C content and the N content (C+N) is restricted to about 0.020% by weight or less from the view point of improving the corrosion resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance.
- the sum for the C content and the N content (C+N) is preferably lower still, to further improve the corrosion resistance, the oxidation resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance and it is preferably about 0.015% by weight or less.
- Ti is useful in the invention for fixing C and N in the steel and improving the corrosion resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance.
- the effect of improving the corrosion resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance with Ti can be obtained when the Ti content exceeds about 0.30% by weight within a range of the Cr content in the steel of this invention.
- the Ti content is preferably about 0.50% by weight or less.
- the contents of Cr, Ti, C and N that is, [Cr], [Ti], [C] and [N] satisfy the following relation, within the range of [Cr] from about 5 to about 10.4% by weight.
- corrosion resistance is improved by adding at least one elemental ingredient selected from Mo, Cu and Co in addition to the essential ingredients described above.
- Mo, Cu or Co may be added alone or as a combination of two or more of them. Any of Mo, Cu or Co has an effect of improving the corrosion resistance by the addition of 0.02% by weight or more. Addition of 0.1% by weight or more is preferred for obtaining a further excellent effect of improving the corrosion resistance.
- each of Mo, Cu or Co is incorporated in excess of 2.0% by weight, not only is the effect saturated but also it impairs the workability and economical performance.
- oxidation resistance is improved if at least one of elemental ingredient selected from Ca, Nb and B is incorporated in addition to the essential elements as described above and at least one element selected from Mo, Cu and Co which is added optionally.
- Ca, Nb and B may be added alone or as a combination of two or more of them.
- it is effective to add one or more elements selected from at least about 0.0005% by weight of Ca, about 0.001% by weight of Nb and about 0.0002% by weight of B.
- the upper limit for the addition amount is preferably restricted to about 0.003% by weight for Ca, about 0.030% by weight for Nb and about 0.0050% by weight for B, respectively.
- the method of manufacturing the steel of this invention is not particularly limited and methods employed generally for the production of Cr-containing steels such as stainless steel can be applied with minimal adaptation.
- a method of preparing the essential and optional elements by melting them in a converter furnace or an electric furnace and conducting secondary refinement by VOD is suitable.
- the thus prepared molten steel can be formed into steel materials in accordance with usual known casting methods, and application of a continuous casting method is favorable in view of the productivity and the quality.
- the steel material obtained by continuous casting may then be heated to a predetermined temperature and then hot rolled into a hot rolled sheet of a desired sheet thickness.
- the hot rolled sheet is preferably annealed at a temperature from 700 to 1050°C in accordance with the steel compositions and then cold rolled under standard cold rolling conditions to form a cold rolled sheet of a predetermined thickness.
- the cold rolled sheet is preferably annealed at a temperature from 700 to 1030°C and pickled depending on the steel composition to form a cold rolled annealed sheet.
- the hot rolled sheet or the hot rolled annealed sheet may then be ready for use.
- the shape and the form of the steel of this invention are not particularly limited and this invention is applicable not only to sheet materials but also to any shape and form of fabricated products such as pipes, pressed products and wire materials.
- Chromium-containing steels having chemical compositions shown in Table 1 - Table 4 (steels of this invention (1-11) in Table 1 and Table 2, Comparative Examples (A - H) in Table 3 and Table 4) were prepared by melting 50 kg of steel ingots in a vacuum melting furnace, hot rolling by a standard method to sheets of 3 mm thickness, annealing and then cold rolling to produce sheets of 1 mm thickness. Subsequently, finishing annealing and pickling were conducted to obtain cold rolled annealed sheets of 1 mm thickness. The cold rolled annealed sheets were used as test specimens to evaluate the corrosion resistance, the oxidation resistance and the intergranular corrosion resistance in accordance with the following methods. The results are shown in Table 2 and Table 4.
- test specimens After butt welding the test specimens by GTA welding (voltage: 12V, current: 150 A, Ar shield gas: 10 liter/min for the surface (on the side of the electrode), 5 liter/min for the rear face, welding speed at 60 cm/min), two specimens (20 x 80 mm) were taken such that the center of the weld portion was at the center of the sample. They were immersed in a boiling mixed solution of 2% sulfuric acid +6% copper sulfate (the amount of solution is 256 ml or more per one specimen) for 16 hours.
- the chromium-containing steels of this invention have excellent corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance.
- the steel of this invention is a chromium-containing steel of excellent corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance. Since this steel has corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and intergranular corrosion resistance comparable or superior to those of low-Cr stainless steel, and the material cost is reduced compared with existing stainless steels containing 11% by weight or more of expensive Cr, it is applicable to a wide range of uses for which low chromium stainless steels are used at present. Particularly, this is suitable as a material for exhaust pipes or mufflers in automobile exhaust systems requiring corrosion resistance for the starting material and the weld portion and oxidation resistance when kept at a high temperature. No.
- Composition (wt%) C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Al N Steel of invention 1 0.004 1.1 0.25 0.02 0.003 0.05 10.4 0.10 0.006 2 0.006 1.5 0.35 0.03 0.003 0.08 8.5 0.09 0.008 3 0.008 1.1 0.25 0.03 0.003 0.12 9.9 0.08 0.010 4 0.005 1.2 0.45 0.05 0.002 0.03 8.1 0.09 0.004 5 0.014 2.0 0.25 0.02 0.005 0.05 9.8 0.07 0.005 6 0.003 1.7 0.15 0.04 0.004 0.02 6.3 0.05 0.007 7 0.006 1.1 0.25 0.03 0.003 0.08 9.7 0.08 0.006 8 0.004 1.2 0.35 0.02 0.002 0.07 9.2 0.06 0.005 9 0.004 1.3 0.25 0.03 0.003 0.08 9.6 0.07 0.006 10 0.004 1.3 0.35 0.03 0.003 0.07 9.4 0.06 0.004 11 0.005 1.2 0.10 0.03 0.002 0.05 9.8
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP31229298A JP3941267B2 (ja) | 1998-11-02 | 1998-11-02 | 耐酸化性および耐粒界腐食性に優れた高耐食性クロム含有鋼 |
JP31229298 | 1998-11-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0999289A1 true EP0999289A1 (fr) | 2000-05-10 |
EP0999289B1 EP0999289B1 (fr) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=18027503
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99121680A Expired - Lifetime EP0999289B1 (fr) | 1998-11-02 | 1999-11-02 | Acier contenant du chrome trés résistant à la corrosion, présentant une excellente résistance à l'oxidation et une excellente résistance à la corrosion intergranulaire |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6168756B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0999289B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3941267B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69915000T2 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002004689A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-17 | Ugine-Savoie Imphy | Acier inoxydable ferritique utilisable pour des pieces ferromagnetiques |
CN103542184A (zh) * | 2013-09-19 | 2014-01-29 | 宁波钢汇不锈钢有限公司 | 一种大口径不锈钢薄壁管 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19921961C1 (de) * | 1999-05-11 | 2001-02-01 | Dillinger Huettenwerke Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundstahlbleches, insbesondere zum Schutz von Fahrzeugen gegen Beschuß |
DE112008001635B4 (de) * | 2007-06-18 | 2014-07-31 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Co. | Niedriglegierte Stähle mit überlegener Korrosionsbeständigkeit für röhrenförmige Öllandwaren |
UA111115C2 (uk) | 2012-04-02 | 2016-03-25 | Ейкей Стіл Пропертіс, Інк. | Рентабельна феритна нержавіюча сталь |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3770394A (en) * | 1970-09-14 | 1973-11-06 | Crucible Inc | Stainless steel tubing with a maximum titanium to carbon ratio of 6 |
JPS58224148A (ja) * | 1982-06-19 | 1983-12-26 | Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd | 自動車排気系部材用クロム鋼 |
EP0145471A2 (fr) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-06-19 | Armco Advanced Materials Corporation | Acier ferritique résistant à la chaleur |
JPH06248394A (ja) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 耐高温塩害腐食性に優れた自動車排気系機器用フェライトステンレス鋼 |
JPH0835010A (ja) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-02-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高温特性の優れた鋼及び鋼管の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5554550A (en) | 1978-10-12 | 1980-04-21 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Heat resistant steel with high thermal fatigue and corrosion resistance |
JPS591783B2 (ja) | 1979-06-01 | 1984-01-13 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 暖房機燃焼部品用耐熱ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法 |
JPS6013057A (ja) | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-23 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 高温強度と耐熱性に優れたアルミニウムめっき鋼板 |
US5049210A (en) * | 1989-02-18 | 1991-09-17 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Oil Country Tubular Goods or a line pipe formed of a high-strength martensitic stainless steel |
-
1998
- 1998-11-02 JP JP31229298A patent/JP3941267B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-01 US US09/431,171 patent/US6168756B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-02 DE DE69915000T patent/DE69915000T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-02 EP EP99121680A patent/EP0999289B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3770394A (en) * | 1970-09-14 | 1973-11-06 | Crucible Inc | Stainless steel tubing with a maximum titanium to carbon ratio of 6 |
JPS58224148A (ja) * | 1982-06-19 | 1983-12-26 | Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd | 自動車排気系部材用クロム鋼 |
EP0145471A2 (fr) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-06-19 | Armco Advanced Materials Corporation | Acier ferritique résistant à la chaleur |
JPH06248394A (ja) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 耐高温塩害腐食性に優れた自動車排気系機器用フェライトステンレス鋼 |
JPH0835010A (ja) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-02-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高温特性の優れた鋼及び鋼管の製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 071 (C - 217) 3 April 1984 (1984-04-03) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 647 (C - 1283) 8 December 1994 (1994-12-08) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 06 28 June 1996 (1996-06-28) * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002004689A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-17 | Ugine-Savoie Imphy | Acier inoxydable ferritique utilisable pour des pieces ferromagnetiques |
FR2811683A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-18 | Ugine Savoie Imphy | Acier inoxydable ferritique utilisable pour des pieces ferromagnetiques |
US6821358B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2004-11-23 | Ugine-Savoie Imphy | Ferritic stainless steel which can be used for ferromagnetic parts |
CN103542184A (zh) * | 2013-09-19 | 2014-01-29 | 宁波钢汇不锈钢有限公司 | 一种大口径不锈钢薄壁管 |
CN103542184B (zh) * | 2013-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 宁波钢汇不锈钢有限公司 | 一种大口径不锈钢薄壁管 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000144336A (ja) | 2000-05-26 |
US6168756B1 (en) | 2001-01-02 |
DE69915000T2 (de) | 2004-12-09 |
JP3941267B2 (ja) | 2007-07-04 |
DE69915000D1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
EP0999289B1 (fr) | 2004-02-25 |
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