Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
  • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/01—Rolling profiled glass articles, e.g. with I, L, T cross-sectional profiles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/06—Rolling corrugated sheets, e.g. with undulating waving form
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/12—Rolling glass with enclosures, e.g. wire, bubbles, fibres, particles or asbestos
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/14—Rolling other articles, i.e. not covered by C03B13/01 - C03B13/12, e.g. channeled articles, briquette-shaped articles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B13/00—Rolling molten glass, i.e. where the molten glass is shaped by rolling
  • C03B13/18—Auxiliary means for rolling glass, e.g. sheet supports, gripping devices, hand-ladles, means for moving glass pots
  • C03B13/183—Receiving tables or roller beds for the rolled plateglass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
  • C03B17/02—Forming molten glass coated with coloured layers; Forming molten glass of different compositions or layers; Forming molten glass comprising reinforcements or inserts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
  • C03B17/04—Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
  • C03B17/06—Forming glass sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
  • C03B23/20—Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping
  • C03B23/203—Uniting glass sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
  • C03B23/20—Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping
  • C03B23/24—Making hollow glass sheets or bricks
  • C03B23/245—Hollow glass sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/12—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in shaft furnaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/173—Apparatus for changing the composition of the molten glass in glass furnaces, e.g. for colouring the molten glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
  • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
  • C03C27/08—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of intervening metal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
  • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
  • C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
  • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
  • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for producing glass films according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the present invention further relates to composite bodies which are produced using such glass films.
• it also relates to devices which appear suitable for carrying out such methods, and to advantageous applications of such glass foils.
• glass is a raw material with very special properties that can be used for a wide variety of applications.
• a relatively high percentage of the glass produced is now processed into flat glass.
• flat glasses with thicknesses down to about 0.6 mm can be produced relatively well.
• the production of even thinner flat glasses proves to be quite problematic because the known processes do not allow industrial production of large-area, even thinner flat glasses.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a melting furnace which can be used to produce the glass films according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a film pulling device that can be used in connection with the melting furnace of FIG. 1.
• Figure 3 is a schematic view of a film pulling device similar to Figure 2, with which profiled glass films can be produced.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a modified embodiment of a film pulling device which can be used in connection with the melting furnace according to FIG. 1
• FIGS. 5a-c show schematic views of profiled glass foils produced with the device according to FIGS. 2 or 3, which, when stacked one on top of the other, result in glass composite bodies which can be used as thermal glasses.
• FIGS. 6a-g show schematic views of glass composite bodies which are provided with glass foils according to the invention along their outer surfaces.
• FIGS. 7a-f show schematic views of plate-shaped composite bodies which can be produced when glass foils and plastic plate inserts are layered one on top of the other, and
• FIG. 8a-c show schematic views of glass composite bodies which can be produced using the film pulling device according to FIG. 4.
• FIG. 1 shows a melting furnace 1 which can be used to carry out the method according to the invention.
• This melting furnace 1 has in its upper area a receiving funnel 2, into which the glass granules to be melted are introduced in granular form.
• two rotating metering wheels 3 and 4 are provided, for example, with which the inside of the receiving hopper 2.
• Glass granulate is fed in precisely metered amounts to two furnace receiving openings 5 and 6.
• up to six such furnace receiving openings 5 and 6 can be provided. From these furnace receiving openings 5 and 6, the granulate passes through a plurality of deflecting elements 7 or baffles arranged in a cascade manner into the lower region of a provided furnace chamber 8.
• the throughput of the relevant melting furnace 1 also increases.
• these deflecting elements 7 there are electric heating rods 9, respectively, with which the glass granulate supplied from above is melted by irradiation he follows.
• the slow dripping of the liquid glass granules over the various edges of the deflection elements 7 results in the desired homogenization and degassing of the melted glass granules within the furnace chamber 8, so that within a funnel 10 provided in the lower region of the furnace chamber 8 a certain amount of homogenized liquid Glass melt arrives at the accumulation, which is available for further processing.
• a longitudinally extending gap 11 is provided at the lower end of the funnel 10, which gap can be closed with the aid of a closure element 12, in order in this way to allow a brief interruption of the flowing glass flow.
• FIG. 2 shows a film pulling device 13 which can be used in the context of the invention and which can be arranged below the melting furnace 1 of FIG. 1.
• This figure shows the funnel 10 located in the lower region of the melting furnace 1, within which a certain amount of glass melt 14 is present.
• This glass melt 14 flows through the gap 11 located at the lower end of the funnel 10, from which, under the influence of gravity, a viscous glass layer 15 approximately 1 to 13 mm thick flows continuously, the width of the gap 11 corresponding to the throughput capacity of the melting furnace 1 and the thickness of the glass films to be produced is adjusted.
• the width of the gap 11 is preferably set in the range between 6 and 10 mm.
• the viscous glass layer 15 produced in this way is subsequently guided into the area of a rotating cylinder 16 which is driven in such a way that an already more or less cooled glass film 17 with a thickness in the area between itself is pulled and stretched by the viscous glass layer 15 0.05 and 0.6 mm, preferably in the range between 0.2 and 0.4 mm.
• a glass cylinder can be produced in this way, the diameter of which is determined by the diameter of the rotating cylinder 16, while the wall thickness of the same is determined by the number of layers one on top of the other Layers of the glass sheet 17 arrives.
• the glass cylinder produced in this way can be removed from the rotating cylinder 16, for which purpose it appears expedient that the rotating cylinder 16 is driven and supported only from one side.
• the wall of the rotating cylinder 16 is preferably provided with a fine perfection.
• a stationary insert (not shown) with a likewise finely perforated outer wall is then again provided.
• the inside of this insert is divided into two separate chamber areas with the aid of a partition, one area being connected to a negative pressure source, while the other area is connected to a positive pressure source.
• the glass film 17 produced in this way has a very small thickness in the range between 0.05 and 0.3 mm, it can be connected to the stainless steel slide 18 on a drum, not shown, with a drum diameter in the range between 20 and 40 cm be wound up.
• Glass films 17 of small thickness namely have the property that even in the cooled state they have sufficient inherent elasticity or flexibility, which allows such a winding process.
• drum diameters of approximately 120 cm are already necessary in order to avoid undesired breakage of the glass foil produced.
• Thin glass foils 17 of this type are suitable, for example, for coating any metal, stone and / or plastic bodies which in this way obtain a greatly increased resistance to scratching, corrosion and / or acid.
• a pneumatically or mechanically actuated foil cutting device 19 is preferably provided at the end of the gel-crimped stainless steel slide 18, with which the glass foil 17 produced is cut off in the region of an intended edge becomes.
• the sections of the glass film 17 produced in this way are subsequently stacked on a table or a pallet, not shown, from where the stacked glass film sections can be fed for further processing.
• a modified cylinder instead of the rotating cylinder 16 having a smooth outer surface, a modified cylinder can also be used, which is provided with a profile along its outer surface.
• glass foils 17 with a corresponding profile for example in the form of projecting webs, prisms, pyrrud male structures and / or hemispherical elements, can be produced.
• these profiles run in the transverse direction, a winding up of the Glass film 17 can be made as a roll.
• the profiles run diagonally or result in irregularly arranged surface structures, this inevitably leads to stiffening of the glass films 17 produced, so that they can only be stacked in the form of sheet material.
• FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment of a film pulling device with which unprofiled glass films 17 can be provided with a corresponding profile.
• counter-driven embossing rollers 20 are provided, between which the non-profiled smooth glass film 17 is passed, so that a profiled or embossed glass film 21 is formed on this pasture, which is either rolled up in the manner already described or can be stacked. If the embossing rollers 20 are smooth on the outside, they can also be used to smooth the glass film 17 produced. In this way, glass foils 17 can be produced which have optical qualities due to their flatness.
• FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of a film pulling device 22 which can be used in conjunction with the melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1.
• a reciprocating carriage 23 With the aid of which the viscous glass layer 15 emerging from the gap 11, which in this case has a maximum thickness of 2 mm, should be drawn and stretched before it then comes to rest on the carriage 23 in several layers one above the other in the form of a thin glass film 17 with a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm.
• a relatively thick outer wall of the glass composite body 24 to be produced can be produced.
• a mat-shaped insert 25 can then additionally be placed on each layer of the drawn glass film 17, so that a layered one is thereby produced Glass composite body 24 is formed, in which, at least in its central region, a glass film 17 and a mat-shaped insert 25 alternately lie one above the other in regular layering.
• FIGS. 5 to 9 show different glass composite bodies, as can be produced with the devices shown in FIGS. 1-4 using profiled glass foils 21 and / or non-profiled smooth glass foils 17.
• FIGS. 5a-c show three different glass composite bodies 26-28, which are formed by superimposing differently profiled glass foils 21. Because of their profile running in the transverse direction, cavities also running in the transverse direction result when stacked one on top of the other, which allows the production of appropriately designed thermal glasses with heat-insulating areas located inside.
• the embodiment of a glass composite body 26 shown in FIG. 5a is profiled glass foils 21 with profiled sections 29 and 30 differently jagged in the conveying direction. These profiled sections 29, 30 of the glass foils 21 are selected such that a glass foil with finely serrated profilings 29 and one Glass film with coarsely serrated profiles 30 lie alternately one above the other, the gap between the teeth being selected for the large-serrated profiles 30 exactly twice as large as for the small-serrated profiles 29. In this way, a glass composite body 26 is formed from superimposed, differently serrated glass foils 21, each having cavities 31 with a square cross section transverse to the conveying direction.
• FIG. 5b shows a modified embodiment of a glass composite body 27, which is constructed from a stack of identically profiled glass foils 21, which alternately have small teeth 32 and large teeth 33 in the conveying direction, the large ones Prongs 33 are exactly twice the size of the small prongs 32.
• the profiled glass foils 21 the same can be placed on top of one another offset to a slight extent in the conveying direction, the large prongs 33 of an upper profiled glass foil respectively coming to lie in the small prongs 32 of the glass foil underneath.
• cavities 34 extending in the transverse direction are formed which permit the production of thermal glasses with thermal insulation present inside.
• FIG. 5c finally shows a third embodiment of a glass composite body 28, which is also constructed from a stack of identically profiled glass foils 21.
• the profiled glass foils 21 are provided with a wavy structure 35 in the conveying direction.
• the arrangement is such that the profiled glass foils 21 have indentations 36 extending transversely in the region of the wave crests, within which the wave troughs 37 of the profiled glass foil lying respectively lie.
• there are cavities 38 which run in the transverse direction and which, if such a glass composite body 28 is used, result in the desired thermal insulation for the internal structure of thermal glasses.
• such profiled glass foils 21 or non-profiled glass foils 17 can additionally be provided on one or both sides with a thin metallic coating (not shown), the choice of metals being such that when such profiled or non-profiled glass foils 17, 21 columns of thermocouples and / or electro-voltar columns result which can be used to generate electricity if there is a corresponding temperature gradient or if the air is flowed through with cold or warm air for air conditioning.
• FIG. 6 shows various embodiments of glass composite bodies 39-45, in which plate-shaped glass structures of a predetermined thickness are arranged between two outer, non-profiled glass foils 17, which in the case of FIGS. 6a-d consist of interconnected glass granules 46 and in the case of FIGS.
• 6e-g consist of interconnected glass beads 47.
• 6a and b are glass granules 46 of medium and small grain size, while in the embodiment of FIG. 6c differently granulated glass granulate composite materials are used.
• the same can also be colored in different colors, so that in the assembled state in connection with the two outer glass foils 17 there is a glass composite body 41 in the form of a color-patterned thermal glass element.
• a coarse-grained glass granulate 46 is provided in the central region and a correspondingly finer-grained glass granulate is provided in the outer region, which results in a satisfactory mechanical strength and sufficient light transmission with a corresponding thickness of the resulting glass composite body 42.
• FIG. 6g finally shows a glass composite body 45 produced with glass beads 47, which is provided in the middle with an additional further glass film 17, which prevents an air exchange between the outer and the inner region of the thermal glass formed in this way.
• thermoplastic preferably made of transparent plastic resins
• glass granules 45 or glass beads 46 granules made of a thermoplastic, preferably made of transparent plastic resins, in a wide variety of grain sizes
• thermoplastic plastic granulate is used.
• a heat treatment in the range between 180 and 300 ° C. is sufficient to bond such thermoplastic materials to the glass foils 17.
• plate-shaped acrylic elements can also be arranged between two non-profiled glass foils 17 according to FIGS. 7a-f, which leads to very robust composite bodies.
• FIG. 7a three acrylic plates 48 are arranged between a corresponding number of glass foils 17, each with glass foils 17 interposed therebetween, which results in a very light plate-shaped composite body 49, which can be used, for example, as a bulletproof pane.
• transverse and longitudinal acrylic rods 54 can be inserted between three non-profiled glass foils 17, resulting in a plate-shaped composite body 55 which, when installed in a vertical position, has both horizontally extending air channels 56 and vertically extending air channels 57. These air ducts 56, 57 can be used to air-condition rooms by optionally performing air circulation in the vertical or horizontal direction.
• Figure 7e - Acrylic plate 48 provided between two glass foils 17 can be provided with a multiplicity of diamond-shaped recesses, as a result of which, in connection with the two glass foils 17, cuboid air chambers 58 result, due to which the thermal insulation properties of the composite body 59 formed in this way are substantially improved.
• FIG. 7f finally shows a plate-shaped composite body 60 which has two non-profiled glass foils 17 on the outside, while an acrylic plate 48 is arranged in its interior, which has a multiplicity of circular openings which are connected to one another by notches provided on the surface of the acrylic plate 48 are.
• cylindrical chambers 61 result which are connected to one another by thin channels 62 laid on one side.
• These cylindrical chambers 61 can be subsequently evacuated, whereupon the thin channels 62 can be permanently sealed as part of the point-like heating of the outer glass film 17. Due to the existing evacuated chambers 61, the plate-shaped composite body 60 in question has excellent thermal insulation properties.
• FIGS. 8a-c finally show three different glass composite bodies 63-65, which can be produced in connection with the device shown in FIG.
• different mat-shaped inserts 66 are introduced between the individual layers of the zigzag-shaped glass film 17.
• These can either be ' glass bead-coated glass films, glass powder coated with metal powder or fine-grained crystalline minerals such as zircon, rutile, tourmaline, garnet, beryl, quartz, calcite, fluorspar or feldspar, profiled glass films, ceramic or glass fiber mats, are metal wire mesh or other plate-shaped elements.
• metal wire mesh or other plate-shaped elements are metal wire mesh or other plate-shaped elements.
• a thin layer of glass beads 47 is applied to one layer of the glass film 17 produced, so that a layered glass composite body 64 is formed, which alternately consists of a layer of glass film 17 and a layer of glass beads 47.
• FIG. 8c The embodiment shown is finally interposed between the individual layers of the glass foil 17, metal inserts 67 made of tungsten wire or tungsten wire mesh, which depending on the design serve either as electrical heating wires or to increase the mechanical strength of the layered composite body 65 produced.
• electrical heating wires can be embedded directly in them, the small thickness of the glass foils 17 giving the desired thermal shock resistance.
• the glass foils 17 and 21 used in the context of the invention with thicknesses in the range between 0.05 and 0.6 mm, preferably 0.2 and 0.4 mm generally have the following very favorable properties: high acid resistance, relative high surface hardness, high transparency if required, high thermal shock resistance, good UV radiation absorption capacity, high elasticity, good mutual fusibility,
• the glass films 17.21 produced in the context of the invention can be used above all for the following applications:
• any coloration is possible when using colored glass foils.
• any stone surface especially made of concrete, limestone or marble, in order to prevent corrosion.
• coating vehicles such as motor vehicles, ship hulls and aircraft, in order to achieve lower frictional resistance to media such as air or water with increased impact strength.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
• Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 1998
  • 1998-06-04 AT AT98932119T patent/ATE223358T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-06-04 ES ES98932119T patent/ES2183389T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-06-04 CN CN98806784A patent/CN1120813C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-06-04 WO PCT/EP1998/003348 patent/WO1999001390A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-06-04 EP EP98932119A patent/EP0993421B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-06-04 AU AU82131/98A patent/AU8213198A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-06-04 AU AU84360/98A patent/AU8436098A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-06-04 CN CN98806796A patent/CN1261864A/zh active Pending
  • 1998-06-04 DE DE19880858T patent/DE19880858D2/de not_active Ceased
  • 1998-06-04 DE DE59805431T patent/DE59805431D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-06-04 TR TR2000/00027T patent/TR200000027T2/xx unknown
  • 1998-06-04 EP EP98934914A patent/EP0996596A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-06-04 WO PCT/EP1998/003349 patent/WO1999001394A1/de active IP Right Grant

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