EP0967334B1 - Membrane d'étanchéité pour obtenir une couche étanche aux liquides dans le sol - Google Patents

Membrane d'étanchéité pour obtenir une couche étanche aux liquides dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0967334B1
EP0967334B1 EP99111720A EP99111720A EP0967334B1 EP 0967334 B1 EP0967334 B1 EP 0967334B1 EP 99111720 A EP99111720 A EP 99111720A EP 99111720 A EP99111720 A EP 99111720A EP 0967334 B1 EP0967334 B1 EP 0967334B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
sealing mat
water
bentonite
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99111720A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0967334A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Zauser
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0967334A1 publication Critical patent/EP0967334A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0037—Clays
    • E02D2300/004—Bentonite or bentonite-like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a roll-up sealing mat for producing a liquid-tight one Layer in the ground.
  • Liquid-tight layers for forming a seal in the ground are used in different ways Areas used, such as in landfill construction, in the creation of biotopes, pond and Water systems and when connecting structures in the water area. Especially with small ones areas to be sealed, such as when creating small biotopes, pond or Water systems, however, each of the known sealing methods has disadvantages.
  • EP-A-0 442 597 discloses a sealing mat comprising: swellable, mineral Sealing material, two with the interposition of the sealing material substantially parallel arranged water-permeable layers, of which a first layer less permeable to water is than the other, second layer, and sidewalls that form the layers more closed connect tubular chambers.
  • the first and second layers are made of fabric, with one the layers are coated with a water-soluble material so that the first layer is less is water permeable than the second layer.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce an ecological sealing mat to create a liquid-tight layer in the ground that is inexpensive to manufacture, easy to install and can also be used for steep slopes.
  • the water-permeable layers arranged essentially in parallel and the side walls are made of paper.
  • Bentonite with a water absorption capacity of between 350 and 600% is used, of which so much is arranged in the sealing mat that its weight per unit area is between 10 and 12 kg / m 2 . Therefore, the sealing mat can be rolled up very easily and can therefore be easily transported as a roll and easily installed by unwinding.
  • the sealing mat obtained in this way is relatively inexpensive on the one hand, because it is not necessary to use the most swellable and therefore most expensive bentonite.
  • the weight per unit area required for a secure seal does not require the overall mass of bentonite being too high, which would unnecessarily complicate the transport and laying.
  • the sealing mat is therefore arranged so that the more water-permeable second Layer is on top and thus represents a top layer, while the less water-permeable first layer is at the bottom as a carrier layer.
  • This has the advantage that the swelling of the Bentonite layer always starts from above as desired, even if water does not only come from above, but also reaches the sealing mat from below. This is especially important until the first few days the entire arrangement of the bentonite layer and the overlying load layer is good has set enough.
  • the higher water permeability of the second layer compared to the first layer can the second layer paper is more porous than the first layer paper, i.e. that it has larger or more pores than that of the first layer.
  • the second layer which is usually on top, dissolves faster than when exposed to water the first, usually bottom layer. This intensifies after the start of the dissolution of the Pandas the fact that it is easier to access water from above than from below. Furthermore, this ensures that bentonite particles from the underside of the bentonite layer are not too early can migrate downward due to the swelling process.
  • the side walls can be designed, for example, so that they do not involve the first and the second layer form tubular chambers which are only open at the end faces.
  • these side walls are made of the same paper as the upper, second one Layer are formed, namely from a more water-permeable paper than that of the lower, first layer. Then when exposed to water from above, for example in a garden pond or Biotope, the water also easily penetrate the side walls and thereby the bentonite particles Bring swelling.
  • Fig. 1 the sealing mat cut parallel to the longitudinal axis is shown in perspective, which is designated in its entirety by reference number 10.
  • a first layer 12 arranged here below and a second layer 14, here above the first layer, essentially parallel to it there are a plurality of side walls 16.
  • These side walls 16 are essentially perpendicular to the layers 12, 14 and are at their upper and lower ends connected to the lower layer 12 and the upper layer 14, respectively.
  • This connection can be made, for example, by needling or by means of an ecological glue.
  • tubular chambers 22 are formed which are filled with sealing material 20. Because of its good swelling and sealing properties, bentonite is used for this reason, which is why bentonite is used as the sealing material in the following.
  • such a sealing mat In a typical assembly, such a sealing mat is 3 m long and 1.25 m wide. If so much bentonite is used that it is contained in the sealing mat with a weight per unit area of 10 kg / m 2 , this corresponds to a height of the sealing mat of approximately 1 cm. Since the lower layer 12, the upper layer 14 and the side walls 16 are formed from paper, the sealing mat 10 can be rolled up easily. If the dimensions mentioned above are used and the sealing mat is filled with the bentonite mentioned, it has a mass of approximately 35 kg (corresponding to a weight of approximately 350 N). This means that a sealing mat can be rolled up by one person and easily handled on the spot for installation.
  • the side walls 16 extend in the transverse direction of the sealing mat 10, i.e. so perpendicular to their longitudinal direction. They are preferably at a distance of about 1.5 to 2.5 cm from each other. This is advantageous insofar as it results in the inner chamber 22 Bentonite particles located essentially only in the transverse direction of the sealing mat 10, but not in can shift their longitudinal direction. Since the side walls 16 are relatively small Have a distance from each other, the distance between the first remains in the filled state Layer 12 and the second layer 14 largely constant. As a result, the thickness of the sealing mat 10 remains and thus their tightness practically constant over the entire length.
  • the sealing mat 1 is located with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sealing mat 10 at the beginning and at the end Side wall 16 which closes the sealing mat 10 in the longitudinal direction. This also means that the sealing mat the same thickness at the ends. However, the ends can also be formed so that the project lower layer 12 and upper layer 14 over the last side wall 16 and are interconnected.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 differs from the first in that Side walls 17 are not, like the side walls 16 of the first embodiment, perpendicular to the lower one Layer 12 and the upper layer 14 are arranged, but that they chambers 23 with a U or V-shaped Form cross section.
  • the side walls 18 form tubular chambers 24 with an approximately round cross section. Of course they can Chambers also have other cross sections. It is important in any case that they are the unwanted Prevent the bentonite from shifting in the sealing mat.
  • the side walls 16, 17 or 18 and the two layers 12, 14 are formed from paper.
  • Paper as is known from the production of tea or coffee filters, has proven to be particularly suitable for the production of the second layer 14.
  • a suitable grade has, for example, a basis weight of approximately 16.5 g / m 2 , a thickness of approximately 60 ⁇ m, a breaking strength in the dry state in the longitudinal and transverse directions of more than 13.0 N / 15 mm or more than 3, 2 N / 15 mm and a breaking force in the wet state in the transverse direction of more than 1.0 N / 15 mm and shows a sand loss of less than 75% with a particle size between 106 and 150 ⁇ m.
  • papers for the production of serviettes or similar papers are also suitable for the second layer, provided they have specifications similar to those described above.
  • the first layer 12 is made of less water-permeable paper, which is more stable than the paper second layer 14 is formed.
  • paper for the production of Baker's silk or napkins which are more stable and waterproof than that for the second layer usable paper, proven, these papers each have a higher breaking strength, but one have less sand loss than the aforementioned papers.
  • the aforementioned papers for the Formation of the first and second layers and the side walls dissolve under the influence of water if also different speeds - slow up and can be biodegraded. Therefore are they can be used ecologically without hesitation.
  • the sealing material used namely bentonite, or other clay sealants are naturally occurring and environmentally friendly.
  • the bentonites preferably used for the production of the sealing mat according to the invention are generally known.
  • a typical example of this type of bentonite consists of: montmorillonite approx. 88% (smectite, bentonite), quartz (SiO 2 ) approx. 4%, calcite approx. 3%, illite approx. 3%, barite approx. 1% , Feldspar about 1%.
  • montmorillonite approx. 88% smectite, bentonite
  • quartz (SiO 2 ) approx. 4% calcite approx. 3%
  • illite approx. 3% illite approx. 3%
  • barite approx. 1% illite approx. 3%
  • Feldspar about 1%.
  • other materials with different compositions can be used to produce the sealing mat according to the invention.
  • the sealing mat according to the invention is manufactured.
  • the sidewalls 16, 17 or 18 are attached to the first layer 12.
  • the second layer 14 attached to the side walls 16, 17 or 18. This creates both Tubes 22, 23 or 24 open at the end faces, each with different cross sections after designing the side walls.
  • the sealing mat on one end of the Chambers closed for example by the protruding first layer 12 and second Layer 14 are connected to each other on this end face.
  • the chambers are now filled with the bentonite on the front side, after which they are also in on this front side be closed in a similar manner to the other end face.
  • the above Fastening and connection processes can both by gluing using a Ecological glue as well as by needling with a suitable, i.e. biodegradable thread, respectively.
  • the sealing mat now finished can then be rolled up.
  • the rolled-up sealing mat is used for transport, storage and sale packed in a dust-impermeable film, preferably transparent film.
  • the sealing mat according to the invention can then be designed on the spot by simply unwinding become. In contrast to the application of the bentonite described at the beginning, this can be done alone bumps, such as smaller stones, are also accepted.
  • Another advantage this sealing mat compared to the needled sealing mats mentioned at the outset is that due to the lower layer of paper, it is more supple and more easily adapted to unevenness in the Adapts to the terrain, which prevents slipping, especially in the slope area. Besides, it's not like when applying the bentonite alone, a well connecting layer immediately above the bentonite required, i.e. this does not have to be clayey.
  • the surface should be good be compacted in order not to warp more than necessary when a load is later applied and affect the tightness of the layer.
  • it is in the other necessary to have adjacent sealing mats overlap by about 2 to 3 cm.
  • it is advisable to arrange a 20 cm thick load layer on the sealing mat, so that too There is a load on the overlap points that is strong enough to withstand the resulting Counteract the swelling pressure of the bentonite. (For the non-overlapping areas of the sealing mat an approximately 10 cm thick load layer would be sufficient.)
  • the spatial configuration of the sealing mat is not based on the exemplary embodiments specified above limited.
  • the hose-like chambers 22, 23 and 24 can be replaced by a additional partition extending in the longitudinal direction of the sealing mat can be divided.
  • the arrangement of these tubular chambers is then already after the second one has been applied
  • the layer is only open on one face side, through which it can be filled with bentonite.
  • Such an intermediate wall makes the bentonite in the chambers even stronger Prevented from slipping.
  • the chambers can also be in the longitudinal direction of the sealing mat instead of in their transverse direction, which is why a sealing mat designed in this way in longer Slope areas can be laid out parallel to the slope and not laid perpendicular to it got to. Therefore, it does not have to be cut off as often and - especially when the embankments are not too high be overlapped.
  • the sealing mat according to the invention also for example in green roofs and House wall drying or drying can be used. It may also be advantageous to less water-permeable first layer at the top and the more water-permeable layer at the bottom to be arranged if the water entry from below and not as in the previous examples of is expected at the top and the swelling process should begin at the bottom.

Claims (4)

  1. Membrane d'étanchéité enroulable et transportable par une personne dans l'état enroulé pour la fabrication d'une couche étanche aux liquides dans la terre ou le sol, comprenant :
    du matériau d'étanchéité (20) apte au gonflement et minéral,
    deux couches (12, 14) perméables à l'eau et disposées de façon sensiblement parallèle en intercalant le matériau d'étanchéité (20), dont une première couche (12) est moins perméable à l'eau que l'autre seconde couche (14), et
    des parois latérales (16 ; 17 ; 18), qui relient les couches (12, 14) en formant des chambres (22 ; 23 ; 24) fermées et du type flexible,
    les couches (12, 14) et les parois latérales (16 ; 17 ; 18) étant sont constituées de papier et de la bentonite avec une capacité d'absorption d'eau comprise entre 350 et 600 % étant est utilisée comme matériau d'étanchéité (20), dont la masse surfacique dans la membrane d'étanchéité est comprise entre 10 et 12 kg/m2.
  2. Membrane d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le papier de la seconde couche (14) est plus poreux que le papier de la première couche (12).
  3. Membrane d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans sur laquelle la seconde couche (14) peut être dissoute sous l'effet de l'eau plus rapidement que la première couche (12).
  4. Membrane d'étanchéité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans sur laquelle les parois latérales (16 ; 17 ; 18) sont formées dans le même papier que la seconde couche (14).
EP99111720A 1998-06-23 1999-06-17 Membrane d'étanchéité pour obtenir une couche étanche aux liquides dans le sol Expired - Lifetime EP0967334B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19827909 1998-06-23
DE19827909A DE19827909A1 (de) 1998-06-23 1998-06-23 Dichtmatte zur Herstellung einer flüssigkeitsdichten Schicht im Erdreich

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0967334A1 EP0967334A1 (fr) 1999-12-29
EP0967334B1 true EP0967334B1 (fr) 2003-08-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99111720A Expired - Lifetime EP0967334B1 (fr) 1998-06-23 1999-06-17 Membrane d'étanchéité pour obtenir une couche étanche aux liquides dans le sol

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EP (1) EP0967334B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE247196T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19827909A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1416094B1 (fr) * 2002-10-10 2005-03-30 Cidieffe S.r.l. Geomembrane

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4467015A (en) * 1981-11-02 1984-08-21 Clem Arthur G Waterproofing structure
US4565468A (en) * 1983-10-24 1986-01-21 Crawford Leslie A Moisture impervient barrier and method for making same
EP0362193B1 (fr) * 1988-09-28 1992-12-02 Girmes Gmbh Procédé pour l'étanchement à la pénétration de liquide et/ou de gaz
ES2053276T3 (es) * 1990-02-15 1994-07-16 American Colloid Co Panel impermeable a la humedad capaz de experimentar hidratacion rapida/retardada.
DE4012301C2 (de) * 1990-04-18 1999-03-25 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Schalungshülle
DE4203861A1 (de) * 1992-02-11 1993-08-12 Naue Fasertechnik Wasser- und/oder oelundurchlaessige dichtungsmatte aus quellfaehigem ton
DE4243254A1 (de) * 1992-04-02 1993-10-07 Naue Fasertechnik Verfahren zur Herstellung einer wasser- und/oder ölundurchlässigen quellfähigen Ton enthaltenden Dichtungsmatte

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Publication number Publication date
DE19827909A1 (de) 1999-12-30
ATE247196T1 (de) 2003-08-15
DE59906564D1 (de) 2003-09-18
EP0967334A1 (fr) 1999-12-29

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