EP0965523A1 - Procédé et machine pour fabriquer des emballages, en particulier des paquets de cigarettes - Google Patents

Procédé et machine pour fabriquer des emballages, en particulier des paquets de cigarettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0965523A1
EP0965523A1 EP99110194A EP99110194A EP0965523A1 EP 0965523 A1 EP0965523 A1 EP 0965523A1 EP 99110194 A EP99110194 A EP 99110194A EP 99110194 A EP99110194 A EP 99110194A EP 0965523 A1 EP0965523 A1 EP 0965523A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
packaging material
markings
bobbin
packaging
detection element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99110194A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0965523B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Henry Buse
Gisbert Engel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0965523A1 publication Critical patent/EP0965523A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0965523B1 publication Critical patent/EP0965523B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/228Preparing and feeding blanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/12Inserting the cigarettes, or wrapped groups thereof, into preformed containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/28Control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/02Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of binding or wrapping material, containers, or packages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing packs, especially cigarette packs, using Packaging material, namely prefabricated blanks, as Bobine wound material webs and / or from these material webs separated blanks, for wrapping package contents. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for Execution of the procedure.
  • the invention has for its object the change of one Packing type of a packaging machine, especially for the Manufacture of cigarette packs, easier and above all to make it more reliable, so that the use of incorrect packaging material is avoided.
  • the method according to the invention is used to achieve this object characterized in that when commissioning a packaging machine or when changing the one to be manufactured Pack type or when changing packaging material (reel change) the packaging material based on markings, the packaging material assigned to different versions and on the packaging material and / or its carrier, in particular provided on a bobbin core of the bobbin, and / or packaging are identified and with regard to correct assignment to the type of pack to be manufactured is checked.
  • the markings on the packaging material or on the cigarettes can be targeted for identification with the help of optoelectronic monitoring devices be trained. But it can also be about deal with the standard design of the pack or cigarette, characteristic of the respective pack type external characteristics can be used for identification, for example the mark.
  • the device according to the invention is in suitable places, namely in the area of conveyor tracks for packaging material on the one hand and in the area of conveyor tracks for cigarettes or Cigarette groups on the other hand with optoelectronic detection devices equipped, for example, from above Detect moving objects and those for identification record characteristic features or markings.
  • the received signals are fed to an evaluation unit and in the same area with stored, correct characteristics juxtaposed. When defective packaging material is detected or incorrect content, a suitable signal is generated.
  • the packaging material for example one for a bobbin wound material web
  • the markings can also be made using labels be attached.
  • Fig. 1 shows part of a packaging machine for manufacturing of cigarette packs. This part concerns removal and feeding blanks 10 from a blank magazine 11. This blank magazine 11 has two side walls 12, 13, which the cuts lead and the cuts slide off to the side 10 prevent.
  • a removal member designed as a dispenser 14 removes the Blank magazine 11 each has a blank 10 from below is on a peripheral surface of the circular unwinder 14th held by suction holes (not shown) so that the Blank is applied to the peripheral surface of the dispenser 14 while this is moved in the direction of arrow 16.
  • the removed Blank 10 is transferred to a blank web 15.
  • the blank 10 is on the removal member, namely on the unwinder 14, positioned so that a marked Side of the blank is assigned to a scanning element, namely in the present case a CCD camera 24. This is positioned that a lens 25 of the CCD camera 24 on the domed Blank 10 is directed.
  • the cut is 10 positioned on the dispenser 14 so that the printed, ie faces the outside of the blank to the outside, i.e. the CCD camera turned towards.
  • the device can be set up so that only the first, the blanks 10 removed from the blank magazine 11 by the CCD camera 24 are detected or scanned. But it can Device can also be operated so that each blank 10th is checked by the camera 24. In particular characteristic, suitable for material identification Features of the blank 10 detected. Alternatively, this can also be done be provided with markings that are targeted and exclusive are appropriate for the purpose of material identification and can be detected by the camera 24.
  • the camera 24 is connected to a central evaluation unit via a cable 26 connected, in which the scanned markings are evaluated or a captured image of a filed, correct one Calibration picture is compared.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show examples of the check of wrapped (packaging) material, i.e. of bobbins.
  • This can be used in the packaging of cigarettes to produce a Serve inside the package contents (inner liner) or as Outer wrapping.
  • the material webs exist from tin foil or paper, if necessary also from a plastic film.
  • Cellular glass is usually used for the outer covering or plastic film used.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a corresponding bobbin 27.
  • the packaging material is one Bobbin core 28 wound.
  • This bobbin core 28 sits on one Pin 29, which carries the bobbin 27.
  • the bobbin 27 is pushed so far onto the pin 29 that it is in contact with a stop disk 30.
  • the stop disc 30 has openings 31. Through these openings 31 can be, for example, a laser scanner 32 optoelectronic scanning device on the bobbin side surface 34 look. For this purpose, there is a component which emits laser light, for example a laser diode 33 arranged on the laser scanner 32, that the emitted laser beam through the opening can strike the bobbin face 34.
  • the laser scanner 32 takes reflected from the bobbin face 34 Laser light again and converts it into a corresponding one Signal around.
  • a cable 35 carries this signal from the laser scanner 32 to the evaluation unit (not shown). The evaluation unit finally identified based on that from the laser scanner 32 generated signal that wound on the bobbin 27 Packing material.
  • the evaluation unit also checks whether the identified Packaging material with the expected packaging material matches. In this way, the evaluation unit can determine whether the packaging machine with the right packaging material was "loaded". If the evaluation unit detects an error, it issues a corresponding error signal out. Alternatively or additionally, it interrupts the production process, that is, it leads the packaging machine to Standstill.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 each show a bobbin 27 with a stop disk 30 in a section according to section III / IV-III / IV (Fig. 2).
  • These stop disks 30 each have two openings 31 on.
  • These openings 31 are of such a size that only two spokes or connecting webs 36 remain in each case. Otherwise, the openings 31 have a disk-shaped contour.
  • the layers are one through the openings 31 Material web 37 made of packaging material visible, which on the bobbin core 28 are wound.
  • the bobbin core 28 sits - As in Fig. 2 - on the pin 29th
  • Fig. 3 you can see one attached to the bobbin core Bar code 38.
  • the Bar code 38 not on the bobbin core 28, but on the layers the material web 37 attached.
  • the bobbin 27 rotates around the Cones.
  • the one attached to the bobbin 27 also rotates Barcode 38.
  • a laser scanner attached in front of the openings 31 32 can then scan the rotating bar code 38, a scanning signal to identify the packaging material used to create.
  • the laser scanner can easily read the entire bar code 38.
  • the stop disk 30 preferably rotates with the bobbin 27. This has the advantage that there is no friction between on the Bobine 27 wrapped packaging material and the stop disc 30 is coming.
  • the bar code is at least twice on the bobbin 27, namely either on the bobbin core 28 and / or the packaging material wound on the bobbin 27 upset.
  • a second Bar code 38 therefore has one of a first bar code 38 Distance which is at least the width of the connecting web 36 corresponds.
  • the longitudinal extent of the bar code 38 no larger than the opening 31. In the end, at least two bar codes 38 arranged such that at least one is completely visible in an opening 31, even if the second bar code 38 covered by a connecting web 36 becomes.
  • the Laser scanner 32 can be arranged such that it is on the (stationary) Opening 31 looks. With this variant you have to make sure that there is no excessive friction between the stop disc 30 and packaging material or the side edges the material web 37 arises to damage the packaging material to avoid.
  • the bar code 38 applied to the material web 37 becomes preferably directly by means of an inkjet printer the layers of the material web 37 applied. Accordingly can also the bar code 38 on the bobbin core 28 by means of an inkjet printing process be applied. However, is suitable especially for the bobbin core 28, the application of adhesive labels with barcodes 38.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cigarette block 39 with three layers of cigarettes.
  • This cigarette block 39 is used in the further manufacturing process in a packaging formed by the packaging machine introduced.
  • To ensure that the cigarette packs to be imported 39 belong to the type of pack to be manufactured also examined the cigarette block 39.
  • This CCD camera 40 detects markings on the cigarette itself, for example the printed cigarette brand, Rings on the filter or near a cigarette end or other lettering or printing on the Cigarettes.
  • the CCD camera 40 is arranged such that it can capture an entire layer of a cigarette block 39.
  • a chain conveyor 41 driven driver 43 a cigarette block 39 in the direction arrow 42.
  • the cigarette block 39 is underpassed 44 below the cigarette block 39 and from one Top guide 45 guided above the cigarette block 39.
  • the Upper guide 45 is interrupted in the area of the CCD camera 40 or has an opening 46 there. Through this opening 46 the CCD camera 40 can be passed through the cigarette block 39, namely look at its top layer.
  • the CCD camera 40 can on the top layer of the cigarette block 39 attached markings and capture in one convert corresponding signal. This signal is sent over a Connection, for example a cable 47, to the evaluation unit guided.
  • the evaluation unit arranges the detected signal certain cigarette type too and this way the cigarettes or identify the cigarette type.
  • the evaluation unit also checks whether the identified cigarette type is too corresponds to the type of pack to be manufactured, i.e. whether the assignment of the cigarette to the pack type to be produced correctly is.
  • FIG. 6 shows the arrangement from FIG. 5 in a section according to FIG Pattern VI-VI. Since here two cigarette blocks 39 are processed simultaneously, there are two drivers or one double trained carrier 43, that of two chain conveyors 41 is provided. You can also see two Openings 48, 49 in the underpass 44 through which the driver 43 protrudes. The overpass is one of such Width that they both complete 39 cigarette blocks covered. However, as in FIG. 5, an opening 46, so that in Fig. 6 on the of Opening 46 formed edge of the upper guide 45 looks. Through the The lenses 50, 51 of the CCD cameras 40 can be opened 46 see the cigarette blocks 39 passed underneath them.
  • the opening can also be in the underpass be provided. Then the CCD cameras are below attached to the underpass, with the lenses facing upwards are. One or more CCD cameras can also be arranged next to the top and underpass.
  • the evaluation unit identifies on the basis of these signals the packaging materials or the package contents, namely Cigarettes and checked whether the packaging materials used and / or cigarettes of the pack type to be manufactured correspond. The identification takes place, for example, by a signal comparison with reference signals.
  • a received with a stored signal you can do that received signal also a matched to the expected signal Feed filters, for example a so-called matched filter.
  • a threshold value decision maker can then use the output signal of the adapted filter provide the decision whether the received signal matches the expected signal and thus the expected packaging material or content.
  • Identification of the packaging material or type of cigarette be used.
  • the identification and checking of packaging material and Cigarettes are mainly made after empty and freshly started Packaging machine.
  • the first cigarette packs and Packaging units such as blanks, checked.
  • the first five cigarette blocks or five are preferably Pair of cigarette blocks and the first five or five pairs of them Packs identified by their type and compared to the type of pack to be made. Should it be here to detect wrong material or wrong cigarettes come, the packaging machine is stopped.
  • the method according to the invention and the corresponding device ensure immediate detection of incorrect material. In this way, errors due to human error, that means loading the packaging machine with the wrong one Packaging material or wrong cigarettes can be avoided.
  • the method according to the invention or one according to the invention Device using packaging machine can therefore easily also by workers after a short training period or without lengthy training courses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
EP99110194A 1998-06-19 1999-05-26 Machine pour fabriquer des paquets de cigarettes Expired - Lifetime EP0965523B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19827412A DE19827412A1 (de) 1998-06-19 1998-06-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Packungen
DE19827412 1998-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0965523A1 true EP0965523A1 (fr) 1999-12-22
EP0965523B1 EP0965523B1 (fr) 2005-04-20

Family

ID=7871444

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99110194A Expired - Lifetime EP0965523B1 (fr) 1998-06-19 1999-05-26 Machine pour fabriquer des paquets de cigarettes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6308492B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0965523B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000025710A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000006170A (fr)
CN (1) CN1111491C (fr)
BR (1) BR9902384A (fr)
DE (2) DE19827412A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005037651A2 (fr) 2003-09-25 2005-04-28 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Procede et dispositif pour produire des paquets (de cigarettes)
CN104326107A (zh) * 2014-11-03 2015-02-04 南京文易特电子科技有限公司 小包散包视觉检测装置

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6574574B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2003-06-03 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Method of and apparatus for ascertaining the genuineness of packaged commodities
DE19947282A1 (de) 1999-09-30 2001-04-05 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von Packungen durch Umhüllen eines Verpackungsgutes
DE19951140A1 (de) * 1999-10-23 2001-04-26 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen der Unversehrtheit einer Packung, insbesondere einer Zigarettenpackung
DE20009437U1 (de) 2000-05-29 2000-08-10 Käppner, Alexander, 90768 Fürth Vorrichtung zum Verschließen von Faltkartons
DE10115563A1 (de) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-02 Focke & Co Verpackungsmaschine für Zigaretten
DE10209753A1 (de) * 2002-03-06 2003-09-18 Focke & Co (Zigaretten-)Fertigungs- und Verpackungsanlage und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu deren Steuerung
DE10246437A1 (de) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-15 Focke Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen eines Aufreißstreifens an einer Materialbahn
DE502004007205D1 (de) * 2003-09-08 2008-07-03 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Druckwerk für eine Maschine der tabakverarbeitenden Industrie
ITBO20050328A1 (it) * 2005-05-06 2005-08-05 Gd Spa Metodo per l'esecuzione di un cambio marca in un complesso produtivo automatico per la lavorazione di articoli da fumo
ITBO20070571A1 (it) * 2007-08-07 2007-11-06 Gd Spa Macchina per il confezionamento di gruppi di sigarette in pacchetti
CN114313374A (zh) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-12 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 一种用于包装前的模盒烟支组烟支表面检测装置

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DE2137937A1 (de) 1971-07-26 1973-02-15 Ems Elektronik Messtechn Vorrichtung zum auswerfen von fehlerhaften zuschnitten bei faltschachtelklebemaschinen
GB1323552A (en) 1969-07-03 1973-07-18 Foster D B Security system for controlling the labelling and packaging of products
DE7706956U1 (de) 1976-03-08 1980-03-27 J. Bobst & Fils S.A., Prilly, Waadt (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zum aussortieren vorbestimmter schachtelzuschnitte aus einer reihe von kontinuierlich angelieferten schachtelzuschnitten
EP0142129A2 (fr) * 1983-11-17 1985-05-22 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif de contrôle et de commande de bandes dans des machines d'emballage
EP0157087A1 (fr) * 1984-02-28 1985-10-09 FOCKE & CO. Dispositif de contrôle de groupes de cigarettes
DE4216286A1 (de) 1992-05-16 1993-12-23 Gustav Adolf Reinmoeller Vdi I Verfahren und zugehörige Einrichtungen zur Kennzeichnung von Papphülsen, auf die Fäden zu spulen sind
EP0677444A1 (fr) * 1994-04-12 1995-10-18 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Procédé de contrôle optique de produits
EP0693424A1 (fr) * 1994-07-19 1996-01-24 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. Procédé et dispositif de préparation d'étiquettes
DE19510392A1 (de) 1995-03-22 1996-09-26 Siemens Ag Sortierverfahren und -vorrichtung zum lagegeordneten Einschlichten eines flachen Warenstücks in einen Sammelbehälter
EP0790187A2 (fr) * 1996-02-19 1997-08-20 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Procédé et dispositif de contrÔle de flans ou de banderoles pour paquets de cigarettes
EP0791539A1 (fr) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-27 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes à couvercle rabattant pour des cigarettes

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IT1184341B (it) * 1984-03-29 1987-10-28 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Dispositivo per alimentare materiale di rivestimento ad involucro ad una confezionatrice,specialmente confezionatrice per sigarette
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IT1274126B (it) * 1994-11-25 1997-07-15 Gd Spa Dispositivo per il controllo di bobine, in particolare utilizzabile nelle macchine incartatrici
DE19614920A1 (de) * 1996-02-19 1997-08-21 Focke & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle von Zuschnitten für Zigarettenpackungen
DE19701618A1 (de) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-23 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Zigaretten-Packungen
DE19704718A1 (de) * 1997-02-07 1998-08-13 Focke & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum optoelektronischen Überwachen von Verpackungsmaterial
US6047110A (en) * 1997-06-09 2000-04-04 Hewlett-Packard Company Method and apparatus for identifying a print media type
EP0941775B1 (fr) * 1998-03-02 2005-10-26 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co. KG) Méthode et dispositif pour examiner optiquement des paquets

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1323552A (en) 1969-07-03 1973-07-18 Foster D B Security system for controlling the labelling and packaging of products
DE2137937A1 (de) 1971-07-26 1973-02-15 Ems Elektronik Messtechn Vorrichtung zum auswerfen von fehlerhaften zuschnitten bei faltschachtelklebemaschinen
DE7706956U1 (de) 1976-03-08 1980-03-27 J. Bobst & Fils S.A., Prilly, Waadt (Schweiz) Vorrichtung zum aussortieren vorbestimmter schachtelzuschnitte aus einer reihe von kontinuierlich angelieferten schachtelzuschnitten
EP0142129A2 (fr) * 1983-11-17 1985-05-22 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif de contrôle et de commande de bandes dans des machines d'emballage
EP0157087A1 (fr) * 1984-02-28 1985-10-09 FOCKE & CO. Dispositif de contrôle de groupes de cigarettes
DE4216286A1 (de) 1992-05-16 1993-12-23 Gustav Adolf Reinmoeller Vdi I Verfahren und zugehörige Einrichtungen zur Kennzeichnung von Papphülsen, auf die Fäden zu spulen sind
EP0677444A1 (fr) * 1994-04-12 1995-10-18 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Procédé de contrôle optique de produits
EP0693424A1 (fr) * 1994-07-19 1996-01-24 Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. Procédé et dispositif de préparation d'étiquettes
DE19510392A1 (de) 1995-03-22 1996-09-26 Siemens Ag Sortierverfahren und -vorrichtung zum lagegeordneten Einschlichten eines flachen Warenstücks in einen Sammelbehälter
EP0790187A2 (fr) * 1996-02-19 1997-08-20 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Procédé et dispositif de contrÔle de flans ou de banderoles pour paquets de cigarettes
EP0791539A1 (fr) * 1996-02-26 1997-08-27 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes à couvercle rabattant pour des cigarettes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005037651A2 (fr) 2003-09-25 2005-04-28 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Procede et dispositif pour produire des paquets (de cigarettes)
EP1663790A2 (fr) 2003-09-25 2006-06-07 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co. KG) Procede et dispositif pour produire des paquets (de cigarettes)
US7591120B2 (en) 2003-09-25 2009-09-22 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Apparatus for producing cigarette packs provided with coupons
CN104326107A (zh) * 2014-11-03 2015-02-04 南京文易特电子科技有限公司 小包散包视觉检测装置
CN104326107B (zh) * 2014-11-03 2016-10-26 南京文易特电子科技有限公司 小包散包视觉检测装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0965523B1 (fr) 2005-04-20
CN1240186A (zh) 2000-01-05
JP2000025710A (ja) 2000-01-25
US6308492B1 (en) 2001-10-30
DE59911927D1 (de) 2005-05-25
DE19827412A1 (de) 1999-12-30
CN1111491C (zh) 2003-06-18
BR9902384A (pt) 2000-01-11
KR20000006170A (ko) 2000-01-25

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