EP0965249B1 - Vorrichtung zum erfassen des in einer gasentladungslampe auftretenden gleichrichteffekts - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum erfassen des in einer gasentladungslampe auftretenden gleichrichteffekts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0965249B1
EP0965249B1 EP98912300A EP98912300A EP0965249B1 EP 0965249 B1 EP0965249 B1 EP 0965249B1 EP 98912300 A EP98912300 A EP 98912300A EP 98912300 A EP98912300 A EP 98912300A EP 0965249 B1 EP0965249 B1 EP 0965249B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas discharge
discharge lamp
resistor
circuit arrangement
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98912300A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0965249A1 (de
Inventor
Siegfried Luger
Thomas Marinelli
Falk Richter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Original Assignee
Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH filed Critical Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
Publication of EP0965249A1 publication Critical patent/EP0965249A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0965249B1 publication Critical patent/EP0965249B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for operation at least one gas discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • ballast is known from the applicant's EP-A1-0 490 329.
  • gas discharge lamps occur due to Signs of wear of the heating coils at the end of the service life of the Gas discharge lamp the effect on the lamp electrodes over time wear unevenly, i.e. the removal of the emission layers on the Lamp electrodes is different. Due to the different wear of the Lamp electrodes produce differences in the emissivity of the two Lamp electrodes.
  • FIG. 5 shows the effects of this effect on the basis of the current i L supplied to the gas discharge lamp. From Fig. 5 it can be seen that a higher current flows in one direction than in the other, so that the time profile i L (t) has an increase of a half-wave (in Fig. 5 the positive half-wave). As a result of the different removal of the two lamp electrodes, asymmetries arise which not only give rise to stronger flickering of light at the end of the life of the gas discharge lamp, but even in extreme cases only allow the gas discharge lamp to be operated during one half-wave (in FIG. 5 during the positive half-wave). In this case, the gas discharge lamp acts like a rectifier, so that the effect described above is referred to as the "rectifying effect".
  • the Work function for the electrons higher than the other electrode On the electrode that has worn out more over time is the Work function for the electrons higher than the other electrode, which is less badly worn.
  • the minimum energy is generally referred to as work function, which is required to make an electron from a metal, in the present case from the Pull out the lamp electrode.
  • the dipole layer on the surface of the metal, i.e. the lamp electrode is an important factor in determining the Work function.
  • the more worn electrode, which has a higher work function for the Has electrons than the less worn electrode therefore heats up Commissioning of the gas discharge lamp stronger than the opposite electrode.
  • the electrode can be heated particularly in the case of lamps with a small diameter become so strong that parts of the lamp glass bulb can melt.
  • the rectification effect manifests itself in an asymmetry of the lamp current i L flowing over the gas discharge path of the lamp.
  • One way of recognizing the rectification effect is therefore to monitor the lamp current flowing over the gas discharge path of the lamp, although with this method emission differences of the lamp electrodes can be recognized directly, however, the evaluation of these emission differences and the implementation of this detection method into an integrated circuit, in particular as Application-specific circuit (ASIC) designed monitoring circuit is problematic.
  • ASIC Application-specific circuit
  • the rectification effect can also be recognized by monitoring the lamp voltage, since the asymmetries occurring in the lamp current are transmitted to the lamp voltage.
  • the gas discharge lamp is switched off.
  • this detection method has the disadvantage that the sensitivity of this method is limited, since in the event of a fault, ie when the rectification effect occurs, the peak value of the lamp voltage detected is only 60% higher than in normal operation.
  • the lamp voltage also changes when the gas discharge lamp is dimmed, so that due to the dimming of the gas discharge lamp and the correspondingly increasing lamp voltage, it is erroneously concluded that the rectification effect is present in the gas discharge lamp. It would also be desirable to use the changing arithmetic mean of the monitored circuit size to detect the rectification effect.
  • Ballast is a first resistor with the primary winding of the heating transformer connected in series.
  • the one flowing through the primary winding and the first resistor Current creates a voltage across the resistor that corresponds to the current through the Heating filaments of the lamp is proportional.
  • the voltage drop across the first Resistance is evaluated by a control and regulating circuit in order to over or To detect undervoltage. A rectification effect detection is however in this Documentation not described.
  • Rectification effect detection is described in US-A-5,023,516.
  • a monitoring circuit is provided which is a series circuit of two Resistors and an inductor, wherein the series circuit in parallel with one gas discharge lamp to be monitored is connected.
  • the inverter of the ballast coupled thyristor At the connection point between the one resistor and the inductance one intervenes with the inverter of the ballast coupled thyristor and thus evaluates the one Resistance falling voltage for rectification effect detection.
  • a certain limit in either of the two polarity directions has reached the Thyristor activated and consequently the inverter switched off.
  • the well-known Monitoring circuit detects the presence of a rectification effect in this way two polarity directions of the voltage drop across the resistor.
  • the invention has for its object the known electronic ballast to be provided with a monitoring circuit with which the rectification effect is also in positive and negative Direction can be detected even if the monitoring circuit cannot process negative input voltages. According to the invention, this object is achieved by an electronic ballast Claim 1 solved.
  • the solution according to the invention thus ensures detection of the Rectification effect in both directions of polarization at the first resistor falling voltage and is therefore highly sensitive.
  • the circuit according to the present invention can easily be such be expanded that two or more flame devices with regard to the occurrence of a Rectification effect in one of the gas discharge lamps can be reliably monitored can.
  • the monitoring of the heating current or to that via the primary winding of the Heating transformer flowing heating current proportional size takes place in particular with the help of such a monitoring circuit, which after detection of the Rectification effect that supplies the gas discharge lamp with an AC voltage Drives the frequency and / or the duty cycle of the To change the AC voltage supplied by the inverter and thus the Gas discharge lamp to reduce the power consumed. This way, a Melting the glass bulb of the gas discharge lamp after the rectification effect occurs reliably prevented.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the electronic according to the invention Ballast for operating a gas discharge lamp, the monitored and the Gas discharge lamp inductance connected in parallel through the primary winding of a Heating transformer is formed.
  • the solution according to the invention generally consists in the flowing over an inductance connected in parallel to the gas discharge lamp Evaluate current or a quantity proportional to it, since the in the case of a Rectification effect in the lamp branch asymmetries on the over this Inductance flowing current are transmitted.
  • the electronic ballast shown in FIG. 1 essentially has one Rectifier circuit 1, an inverter 2, a monitoring circuit 3 and a connected to the inverter 2 load circuit, which, among other things operating and to be monitored with regard to the occurrence of the rectification effect Contains gas discharge lamp 10.
  • the rectifier 1 is connected to a mains voltage source connected and converts the mains voltage into a rectified intermediate voltage um, which is fed to the inverter 2.
  • the inverter 2 usually includes two controllable switches (not shown), for example MOS field effect transistors, which are controlled alternately by means of a corresponding control circuit, so that one of the switches is switched on and the other is switched off.
  • the two Inverter switches are connected in series between a supply voltage and Ground connected, being at the common node between the two Inverter switches of the load circuit containing the gas discharge lamp 10 connected.
  • the load circuit includes one Series resonance circuit with a resonance circuit coil 4 and a resonance circuit capacitor 5, which is connected to ground.
  • a coupling capacitor 6 connected, which is connected to one of the lamp filaments of the gas discharge lamp 10 is. Due to the alternately controlled switches of the inverter 2, the rectified intermediate voltage into a "chopped" high-frequency AC voltage converted. This high-frequency AC voltage is via the series resonance circuit supplied to the gas discharge lamp 10.
  • the Lamp electrodes of the gas discharge lamp 10 preheated to the life of the Extend gas discharge lamp.
  • the gas discharge lamp 10 is a Heating transformer with a primary winding 7A and two secondary windings 7B and 7C intended.
  • the primary winding is connected to the series resonance circuit, while the Secondary windings are each connected in parallel to one of the lamp filaments.
  • the frequency of the inverter 2 supplied AC voltage against the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit changed so that the resonant circuit capacitor 5 and thus the Gas discharge lamp 10 lying voltage no ignition of the gas discharge lamp 10 caused.
  • the lamp electrodes designed as filaments the gas discharge lamp 10 a substantially constant current, whereby the Lamp filaments are preheated.
  • the frequency of the AC voltage supplied by the inverter 2 in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit shifted, causing the on the resonance circuit capacitor 5 and the gas discharge lamp 10 voltage applied so that the Gas discharge lamp 10 is ignited.
  • a resistor 9 is connected in series with the primary winding 7A, which is connected to ground. From the connection point between the primary winding 7A and the resistor 9, another resistor 8 leads to the monitoring circuit 3, which in turn is connected to ground.
  • the function of the electronic ballast according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 2a shows the course over time of the voltage u 3 dropping across the resistor 9 in this case. Due to the different wear of the lamp electrodes due to the aging of the lamp electrodes, over time, as already described at the beginning, there is an increase in the positive half-waves over the negative half-waves in the voltage u 3 falling across the resistor 9 or in the voltage across the Resistor 9 flowing current i 3 .
  • a threshold value U S can be defined via the resistance value of the resistor 9, the exceeding of which detects the presence of the rectifying effect is detected.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 is also connected to ground, so that the monitoring point A of the monitoring circuit 3 cannot assume a more negative potential than the ground potential.
  • FIG. 2b shows the course of the potential u 4 occurring at the monitoring point A. Since the potential u 4 can not have a more negative value than the ground potential, the voltage profile of u 4 only has positive half-waves which correspond to the positive half-waves of u 3 .
  • FIG. 2c additionally shows the current profile of the current i 2 flowing through the further resistor 8. It can be seen from FIG. 2c that the current i 2 only occurs when the voltage u 4 present at the monitoring point A is zero.
  • FIG. 3 shows the corresponding voltage and current profiles in the event that the rectification effect described above occurs in the gas discharge lamp 10 in the opposite direction to the case described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the current i 3 flowing through the resistor 9 or the voltage u 3 falling through the resistor 9 takes on increasing values in the negative direction, so that the negative half-waves in the voltage or current profile of u 3 or i 3 are excessive compared to the positive half-waves.
  • the positive half-waves disappear completely in the course of time, so that the gas discharge lamp 10 acts as a rectifier in the opposite direction with respect to the direction described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 2b FIG.
  • the rectification effect acting in the other direction of the gas discharge lamp 10 can be recognized by monitoring the current i 2 flowing through the resistor 8 when this current i 2 exceeds a predetermined limit value I S.
  • This limit value I S can be varied in particular via the value of the resistor 8.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 Based on the negative current values of the current i 2 shown in FIG. 3c, it can be seen in connection with FIG. 1 that the monitoring circuit 3 actually detects the current i 2 flowing out from the monitoring circuit 3 via the monitoring point A. By simultaneously monitoring u 3 and i 2 , the monitoring circuit 3 can reliably detect the rectification effect, regardless of the direction in which the rectification effect occurs in the gas discharge lamp 10.
  • the monitoring of i 2 and u 3 with regard to the exceeding of the limit value I S or U S is advantageously carried out by conventional current or voltage comparators.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 concludes that the rectification effect is present of the gas discharge lamp 10 and issues a corresponding warning.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 is advantageously connected to the inverter 2 and controls the operating behavior of the inverter 2 after detection of a rectification effect in the gas discharge lamp 10 such that the power consumed by the gas discharge lamp 10 is reduced.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 controls the switching behavior of the alternately switching switches of the inverter 2 such that, for example, the frequency f of the clocked alternating voltage supplied by the inverter 2 increases and / or the pulse duty factor d (i.e. the ratio between the switch-on times of the two controlled switches of the inverter 2 ) the clocked AC voltage is reduced so that the lamp current i L supplied to the gas discharge lamp 10 is reduced. In this way, excessive heating is reliably avoided. prevents melting of parts of the lamp glass bulb. If necessary, the monitoring circuit 3 can also cause the inverter 2 to be switched off.
  • the frequency f of the clocked alternating voltage supplied by the inverter 2 increases and / or the pulse duty factor d (i.e. the ratio between the switch-on times of the two controlled switches of the inverter 2 ) the clocked AC voltage is reduced so that the lamp current i L supplied to the gas discharge lamp 10 is reduced. In this way, excessive heating is reliably avoided. prevents melting of parts of the lamp glass
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the electronic according to the invention Ballast, wherein a two-lamp load circuit is shown in Figure 4.
  • the second The lamp circuit is connected in the same way as the first lamp circuit.
  • the second circle of lamps also includes a heating transformer, the primary winding 11A with the Series resonance circuit and its two secondary windings 11B and 11C with the Lamp filaments of a second gas discharge lamp 15 are connected.
  • the primary winding 11A of the second heating transformer has a resistor 13 connected to it is also connected to ground. From the connection point between the Primary winding 11A of the second heating transformer and the resistor 13 carries one Connection via a resistor 12 to the monitoring circuit 3.
  • Die Monitoring circuit 3 has an OR circuit 14, the inputs of which with the Monitoring points A and B and the resistors 8 and 12 are connected.
  • everyone the monitoring points A and B is, as explained with reference to Figures 2 and 3, with respect to Occurrence of a rectification effect in the gas discharge lamp 10 or. 15 monitors.
  • the OR circuit 14 reports the presence of a rectifying effect as soon as the Rectification effect in one of the two gas discharge lamps 10 and 15 by monitoring the monitoring points A and B could be recognized.
  • Figure 1 shown embodiment is also shown in Figure 4 after detection of a Rectification effect of the inverter 2 is controlled accordingly to the Power consumption of the gas discharge lamps 10 connected to the inverter 2 and decrease 15.
  • the monitoring circuit 3 is advantageously as ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Ciruit), i.e. as an application-specific circuit.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Ciruit
  • the circuit proposed according to the invention can be simplified Circuitry measures easily for monitoring two or more Extend gas discharge lamps.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP98912300A 1997-03-04 1998-02-12 Vorrichtung zum erfassen des in einer gasentladungslampe auftretenden gleichrichteffekts Expired - Lifetime EP0965249B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19708792 1997-03-04
DE19708792A DE19708792A1 (de) 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erfassen des in einer Gasentladungslampe auftretenden Gleichrichteffekts
PCT/EP1998/000791 WO1998039948A1 (de) 1997-03-04 1998-02-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erfassen des in einer gasentladungslampe auftretenden gleichrichteffekts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0965249A1 EP0965249A1 (de) 1999-12-22
EP0965249B1 true EP0965249B1 (de) 2001-05-02

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ID=7822206

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98912300A Expired - Lifetime EP0965249B1 (de) 1997-03-04 1998-02-12 Vorrichtung zum erfassen des in einer gasentladungslampe auftretenden gleichrichteffekts

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6140771A (pt)
EP (1) EP0965249B1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE200950T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU721988B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR9808165B1 (pt)
DE (2) DE19708792A1 (pt)
WO (1) WO1998039948A1 (pt)

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DE19923945A1 (de) * 1999-05-25 2000-12-28 Tridonic Bauelemente Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Niederdruck-Entladungslampe
DE10127135B4 (de) * 2001-06-02 2006-07-06 Insta Elektro Gmbh Dimmbares elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
CN1582605A (zh) * 2001-11-07 2005-02-16 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 具有灯使用期限检测的放电灯镇流器电路安排
DE10200053A1 (de) * 2002-01-02 2003-07-17 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Betriebsgerät für Entladungslampen mit Vorheizeinrichtung
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DE10255737A1 (de) * 2002-11-28 2004-06-09 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Verfahren zum Betrieb mindestens einer Niederdruckentladungslampe und Betriebsgerät für mindestens eine Niederdruckentladungslampe
US6819063B2 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-11-16 Bruce Industries, Inc. Sensing voltage for fluorescent lamp protection
JP4455079B2 (ja) * 2004-01-30 2010-04-21 富士通マイクロエレクトロニクス株式会社 電源回路
DE102004025774A1 (de) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-22 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Vorschaltgerät für Entladungslampe mit Dauerbetriebs-Regelschaltung
DE102005013564A1 (de) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Lampe
DE102005030115A1 (de) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betrieb mindestens einer LED und mindestens einer elektrischen Lampe
DE102006010996A1 (de) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Lampe
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DE102007015508B4 (de) * 2007-03-28 2016-04-28 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Digitale Steuerschaltung eines Betriebsgeräts für Leuchtmittel sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Betriebsgerätes
US7728525B2 (en) * 2007-07-27 2010-06-01 Osram Sylvania Inc. Relamping circuit for battery powered ballast
US7626344B2 (en) * 2007-08-03 2009-12-01 Osram Sylvania Inc. Programmed ballast with resonant inverter and method for discharge lamps
US7446488B1 (en) 2007-08-29 2008-11-04 Osram Sylvania Metal halide lamp ballast controlled by remote enable switched bias supply
US7880391B2 (en) * 2008-06-30 2011-02-01 Osram Sylvania, Inc. False failure prevention circuit in emergency ballast
JP2010108658A (ja) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-13 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd 放電灯点灯装置及び照明器具
JP2010108657A (ja) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-13 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd 放電灯点灯装置及び照明器具
JP5237756B2 (ja) * 2008-10-28 2013-07-17 パナソニック株式会社 放電灯点灯装置及び照明器具
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998039948A1 (de) 1998-09-11
DE59800669D1 (de) 2001-06-07
US6140771A (en) 2000-10-31
DE19708792A1 (de) 1998-09-10
BR9808165B1 (pt) 2012-02-22
AU6719598A (en) 1998-09-22
BR9808165A (pt) 2000-05-16
ATE200950T1 (de) 2001-05-15
EP0965249A1 (de) 1999-12-22
AU721988B2 (en) 2000-07-20

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