EP0951369A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von gussstücken - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von gussstückenInfo
- Publication number
- EP0951369A1 EP0951369A1 EP97943907A EP97943907A EP0951369A1 EP 0951369 A1 EP0951369 A1 EP 0951369A1 EP 97943907 A EP97943907 A EP 97943907A EP 97943907 A EP97943907 A EP 97943907A EP 0951369 A1 EP0951369 A1 EP 0951369A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- molding box
- aluminum alloy
- molding
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing castings made of aluminum alloy, in which a casting unit prefabricated from a gasifiable foam is introduced into a molding box, coated with a molding material of a free-flowing, magnetizable granulate which is filled into the molding box, a magnetic field penetrating the molding box is built up, the casting mold thus formed with simultaneous gasification of the casting unit cast with aluminum alloy melt, after the aluminum alloy melt solidifies, the magnetic field is broken down and the molding material is removed from the casting.
- the invention relates to a device for performing the above method with the features of the preamble of claim 6.
- full mold casting process is a process for the production of castings in lost casting molds by means of lost casting units, ie models of the casting to be produced with inlet and sprue, which consist of a gasifiable foam, preferably polystyrene, and are gasified by molten metal poured into the casting molds.
- lost casting units ie models of the casting to be produced with inlet and sprue, which consist of a gasifiable foam, preferably polystyrene, and are gasified by molten metal poured into the casting molds.
- These models or casting units fill the molds until they are continuously gasified and poured through during casting the metal melt is also continuously displaced and replaced by the molding material surrounding it.
- the particular advantage of this casting process is that the lost model can be inserted without mold division. Since there is hardly any cavity in the casting mold, the molding material surrounding the casting unit does not
- a further development of this casting process is the so-called magnetic molding process, in which casting units or models also made of foam are introduced into a molding box made of a non-magnetizable material and the cavity between the molding box and casting unit is filled with a magnetizable molding material of small particle size.
- the magnetic molding material usually consists of iron granules in split or round form with an average diameter of 0.25 mm.
- the coating of the casting units or models with the molding material is supported by vibration.
- the mold box prepared in this way is then arranged between the poles of a magnetization device, and a magnetic field is generated by a direct current, as a result of which the granules of the magnetizable mold material are fixed.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of improving the above-mentioned magnetic molding process for light metal casting in such a way that an optimal rate of rise of the melt and high productivity can be achieved. Inclusions of gasification or decomposition products of the casting unit or inclusions of sand due to lack of dimensional stability should be avoided. Another objective is to achieve fine-grained formation of primary phases.
- This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned according to the invention in that the aluminum alloy melt by means of a relatively low pressure is pushed upwards into the casting unit from below via a riser pipe and after casting the molding box is rotated about an approximately horizontal axis of rotation in the region of the inlet of the casting.
- the pressure acting on the melt is released so that the melt flows back into the casting furnace via the riser pipe, and part of the feed can flow back via the riser pipe depending on the inclination of the feed pipe.
- the riser pipe can then be uncoupled from the molding box and connected, for example, to another molding box for pouring again. In this way, higher productivity can be achieved. Due to the casting pressure of preferably 0.2 to 0.5 bar, a higher cooling rate is achieved compared to the gravity casting process.
- a desired rate of rise of the molten metal level can be set or achieved, even in the case of castings that have cross sections of different sizes.
- the use of metallic free-flowing granules as the molding material results in faster cooling rates compared to mineral molding materials, so that the structure is comparatively finer.
- Productivity and reproducibility using the method according to the invention is no longer dependent on the solidification process of the casting, since the casting is cooled independently of the casting furnace.
- the casting mold formed from magnetized molding material represents a sufficiently rigid and rigid body so that it it is possible to rotate the mold immediately after pouring, without the risk that the contour of the casting will collapse.
- the foam bodies used in full mold casting are now finished on their surface to avoid wall collapse.
- the finishing application before embedding in the molding material has several disadvantages:
- the aqueous size cannot be dried by elevated temperature. There remains a residual moisture which also penetrates into the foam body, which leads to casting errors when the foam body is gasified.
- the size creates surface defects on the castings.
- the breaking of surface areas can be avoided with the magnetic molding process in combination with the light metal casting.
- the finishing of the foam models can therefore generally be avoided; this reduces the number of quality risks.
- the magnetic field can be changed by changing the current direction in the coils
- Magnetization device are reversed several times with decreasing amplitude. From time to time, it is advisable to thermally, mechanically or chemically clean the magnetizable granules from coking products and castings adhering to them.
- the inventive concept also includes a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with the features of the preamble of claim 6, which is characterized in that the molding box has a filling opening through which the aluminum alloy via a riser pipe connected to a casting furnace in the molding box to the gasifiable casting unit is guided, and that the filling opening can be connected to the riser pipe via a coupling device and that the molding box is rotatable about an axis running through the center of the coupling device.
- the coupling device preferably forms a rotary connection between the riser pipe and Filling opening of the molding box.
- Magnetizing device preferably rotatable together with the molding box.
- magnetization device which is designed to be stationary, but which permits such a change in the magnetic field that it remains essentially the same with respect to the mold box even when it is rotated.
- the magnetization device and the molding box are provided in a circular tipper whose axis of rotation also forms the axis of rotation of the molding box. In this way, the magnetization device and the molding box can be rotated together.
- the magnetization device is designed to surround the molding box.
- the end faces of the pole pieces of one or more closed yokes face each other, and the molding box can be arranged between them.
- the molding box can be inserted into the magnetization device in the direction of the axis of rotation and can be connected to the riser pipe via the coupling device. After the casting and solidification of the casting, the molding box can be removed from the
- Magnetization device are removed and replaced by a mold box not yet filled.
- the riser pipe can be detached from the coupling device or the molding box and can be connected to another molding box of a further device in order to carry out a further casting process.
- an annular cooling device for freezing off the aluminum alloy is provided in the area of the filling opening of the molding box or the adjoining inlet. This results in the possibility of freezing the aluminum alloy in the area of the inlet after the mold has been poured off and then removing the pressure from the riser pipe and detaching the riser pipe from the filler opening or the rotating coupling and connecting it to another mold box. In this case, it is not necessary to rotate the molding box.
- a slide could also be provided at the coupling point or within the inlet.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a casting device according to the invention in the starting position
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the casting device according to FIG. 1 in the cooling position; 3 shows a section along the line III-III in Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic front view of a magnetization device provided in a circular tipper with a molded box inserted therein;
- Figure 5 is a plan view of a concentric arrangement of several devices.
- a casting model 6 made of polystyrene foam with an inlet 8 is inserted into a molding box 2, which is made of austenitic steel sheets by welding and is lined with a permanent lining 4, and molded into a molding material 10 consisting of iron wire grain.
- the shaping is supported by the use of vibration by means of a vibrator (not shown) in order to achieve the densest possible packing of molding material.
- the magnetic permeability of the molding material 10 generally corresponds to that of the permanent feed 4.
- the molding box 2 prepared in this way is inserted via a roller table 12 into a magnetization device 14 consisting of yokes 16 and coils 18. By applying or connecting a direct current magnetic field, the molding material 10 solidifies and supports the casting model 6.
- a riser pipe 24 connected to a casting furnace 22 is detachably connected via a rotary coupling 26 to a filling opening 20 of the molding box 2.
- aluminum melt 28 is pressed out of the casting furnace 22 into the casting model 6 at an absolute pressure of preferably 1.2 bar.
- the upper opening of the molding box 2 is closed by a flexible plate 30 placed on the permanent lining 4 and the molding material 10 and a layer 32 made of an elastic material and a cover 36 located thereon and locked with bolts 34.
- the flexible plate 30 and the layer 32 made of elastic material serve to compensate for tolerances when molding the casting model 6.
- a channel 38, which is open towards the molding material 10, is present in the permanent lining, through which the gases produced when the casting model 6 is gasified can escape to the outside.
- the magnetization device 14 is fastened in a cylindrical tilting basket 40 of a circular tipper 42.
- a hold-down device 44 fastened to the tilting basket 40 presses against the lid 36 of the molding box 2.
- the molding material solidifies by applying or switching on a direct current magnetic field and lies firmly against the casting model 6.
- the mold box When the casting mold is poured off, the mold box is in the starting position shown in FIG. 1, so that aluminum melt is pressed from the bottom through the riser pipe 24 into the mold box 2 via the inlet 8 to the casting model 6, which gasifies continuously from bottom to top and through the aluminum melt 28 is replaced.
- the molding box 2 After pouring, the molding box 2 is rotated through 180 ° by turning the tilting basket 40 of the circular tipper 42 about an axis of rotation 46, which runs approximately horizontally and through the center of the rotary coupling 26, so that the position shown in FIG. 2 is reached.
- the aluminum melt 28 can flow back from the inlet 8 via the riser pipe 24 into the casting furnace 22, the inlet 8 being arranged and inclined with respect to the lower limit of the filling opening 20 so that there is still as much aluminum melt 28 in the inflow remains that the pouring of the casting model 6 remain covered, as is indicated in FIG. 2.
- the aluminum alloy melt 28 is solidified, and then the magnetic field is switched off, as a result of which the molding material 10 becomes free-flowing again.
- the molding material and casting can now be removed from the molding box.
- certain areas of the permanent lining 4 can be formed with increased or reduced permeability in order to locally increase or weaken the field strength in the molding material 10, so that field changes caused by the casting contour can be partially compensated for.
- a cooling device 50 which surrounds the inlet 8 in a ring and can be provided inside the molding box 2 behind the filler opening 20 and by means of which the aluminum melt 28 can be frozen off immediately after the pouring. If the cooling device 50 is activated for this purpose, the riser pipe 24 can be detached or uncoupled from the rotary coupling 26 or the filling opening 20 and connected to another molding box. In this case, the molding box need not be rotated.
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of five concentrically arranged pouring devices of the type described above which can be moved in the circumferential direction.
- a molding box prepared in the manner described above is brought into a casting position within the device.
- the filling opening of the molding box with the riser pipe 24 of the schematically indicated casting furnace 22 is used for pouring connected.
- the connection is released again and the device is then brought via the cooling positions 64 and 66 to the removal position 68, in which the molding box is removed from the casting device.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649014 | 1996-11-27 | ||
DE19649014A DE19649014A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Gußstücken |
PCT/EP1997/005285 WO1998023401A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-09-26 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von gussstücken |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0951369A1 true EP0951369A1 (de) | 1999-10-27 |
EP0951369B1 EP0951369B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=7812853
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97943907A Expired - Lifetime EP0951369B1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-09-26 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von gussstücken |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0951369B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19649014A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998023401A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MXPA03011224A (es) * | 2001-05-08 | 2004-03-24 | J Herron David | Materiales automotrices y aeroespaciales en una maquina continua de relleno y vaciado de moldes presuarizada. |
AU2002952343A0 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2002-11-14 | Castalloy Manufacturing Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for low pressure sand casting |
DE102004043444B3 (de) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-06-14 | Hydro Aluminium Alucast Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Gießen von Metallschmelze |
DE102006058145A1 (de) * | 2006-12-09 | 2008-06-12 | Ksm Castings Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verarbeiten, insbesondere Gießen, eines Materials, Gießform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und nach dem Verfahren bzw. in der Gießform hergestellte Gegenstände |
WO2010078201A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-08 | Tenedora Nemak, S.A. De C.V. | Low-pressure sand casting of aluminum alloy cylinder engine parts |
CN106735091A (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | 一种镁合金真空铸造方法 |
DE102019126108A1 (de) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-01 | Grohe Ag | Vorrichtung zum Niederdruckgießen von Werkstücken mit einer schwenkbaren Kupplung |
CN112404402B (zh) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-11-09 | 深圳市天合兴五金塑胶有限公司 | 一种无气孔铝合金的铸造工艺 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT185039B (de) * | 1953-01-23 | 1956-03-26 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Verfahren zum Gießen, insbesondere von Metallen |
DE1301439B (de) * | 1966-11-11 | 1969-08-21 | Hofmann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Giessform mittels eines magnetisierbaren Werkstoffes |
CH473623A (de) * | 1968-01-03 | 1969-06-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Giesseinrichtung |
US3620286A (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1971-11-16 | Richard Hofmann | Casting method |
SU373079A1 (ru) * | 1970-05-22 | 1973-03-12 | Установка для получения отливок по разовым моделям | |
JPS4915698B1 (de) * | 1970-08-11 | 1974-04-17 | ||
DE2622158C3 (de) * | 1976-05-19 | 1979-04-12 | Walter Hundhausen Kg, 5840 Schwerte | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für das Magnetformgießen |
FR2397251A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-12 | 1979-02-09 | Anvar | Procede et dispositif pour diriger, en l'absence de parois, des veines metalliques liquides, notamment pour les centrer, les guider ou controler leur forme circulaire |
GB2148761A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-06-05 | Kawachi Aluminium Casting | Casting plate-like articles |
GB8414129D0 (en) * | 1984-06-02 | 1984-07-04 | Cosworth Res & Dev Ltd | Casting of metal articles |
GB8604386D0 (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1986-03-26 | Cosworth Res & Dev Ltd | Casting |
US5246060A (en) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-09-21 | Aluminum Company Of America | Process for ingot casting employing a magnetic field for reducing macrosegregation and associated apparatus and ingot |
US5355931A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-10-18 | Brunswick Corporation | Method of expendable pattern casting using sand with specific thermal properties |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 DE DE19649014A patent/DE19649014A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-09-26 WO PCT/EP1997/005285 patent/WO1998023401A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-09-26 EP EP97943907A patent/EP0951369B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-26 DE DE59704155T patent/DE59704155D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9823401A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19649014A1 (de) | 1998-05-28 |
EP0951369B1 (de) | 2001-07-25 |
WO1998023401A1 (de) | 1998-06-04 |
DE59704155D1 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
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