EP0944750B1 - Hochfeste polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen moduls, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Hochfeste polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen moduls, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0944750B1 EP0944750B1 EP97952045A EP97952045A EP0944750B1 EP 0944750 B1 EP0944750 B1 EP 0944750B1 EP 97952045 A EP97952045 A EP 97952045A EP 97952045 A EP97952045 A EP 97952045A EP 0944750 B1 EP0944750 B1 EP 0944750B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spinning
- fiber
- range
- coagulation bath
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical group CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 octyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IEVADDDOVGMCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C IEVADDDOVGMCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(ethenyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)C=C NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- INLLPKCGLOXCIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethene Chemical compound BrC=C INLLPKCGLOXCIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZBCLTORTGNOIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2-dichloroacetate Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)OC=C ZBCLTORTGNOIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFEHSFZILGOAJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-bromoacetate Chemical compound BrCC(=O)OC=C DFEHSFZILGOAJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyl chloride Chemical class CC(=C)C(Cl)=O VHRYZQNGTZXDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005394 methallyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- SGCFZHOZKKQIBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)C=C SGCFZHOZKKQIBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
Definitions
- PAN fibers of high strength are known per se.
- Dobrecov et al. in soviet. Contributions to fiber research and textile technology, 9, pp. 407-411 (1972) described PAN fibers of high strength and high modulus which are derived from PAN types of high molecular weight; Examples of this are molecular weights of 3.10 6 .
- PAN types are unusual in the above-mentioned writings high molecular weight used.
- Usual molecular weight values for PAN fibers range approximately from 80,000 to 180,000 (cf. the statements by Falkai et al. in “Synthesefaser”, p. 200, publisher Chemie (1981) or by Masson et al. in “Fiber Producer", June 1984, pp. 34-37).
- PAN fibers of high strength have also been known to work with PAN types of usual molecular weight have been produced. So be for example in GB-A-1,193,170 PAN fibers, the strengths up to 17.5 g / denier. The elongation at break of the fibers described is however, with more than 15% too high for many applications.
- PAN fibers of high modulus are known, which have also been produced with PAN types of conventional molecular weight. Fibers with strengths of up to 81 cN / tex are described Initial moduli up to 1989 cN / tex. PAN fibers, what strengths of more than 100 cN / tex and at the same time initial moduli of more than 15 N / tex (based on 100% stretch) are not described in this document.
- PAN fibers From EP-A-0,645,479 PAN fibers are known whose strength is up to 100 is cN / tex and its initial modulus is a maximum of 21.5 N / tex. PAN fibers, what strengths of more than 100 cN / tex and at the same time initial moduli of have more than 15 N / tex (based on 100% elongation) scripture not described. PAN fibers are in due to their high resistance aggressive environments, for example in strongly alkaline environments, or reinforcement materials in demand for UV radiation. For technical Applications include high strength and high initial moduli low elongation at break. There is a need for PAN fibers with one property profile of this type, in particular according to PAN fibers, by methods high productivity are available.
- the present invention relates to fibers made from homo- or copolymers with a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 to 210,000, containing at least 70% by weight of recurring acrylonitrile and / or Methacrylonitrile units, characterized in that the fibers have a strength of more than 100 cN / tex and an initial module of more than 15 N / tex, based on 100% stretch.
- Suitable acrylonitrile polymers are SAN, ABS and NBR copolymers, where also the acrylonitrile portion that described above Percentage by weight.
- polyacrylonitrile homopolymers or copolymers used, the molecular weight (weight average) 80,000 to 210,000, preferably 175,000 to 210,000.
- the tensile strength of the fibers according to the invention is more than 85 cN / tex. preferably more than 90 cN / tex, with a maximum elongation at break of 15%, preferably 7 to 9%.
- knot strengths of more have than 15 cN / tex, in particular from 17 to 20 cN / tex.
- the Spinning mass concentration at least 15%, preferably more than 26%, especially 29 to 38%.
- spinning mass concentrations of less than 15% may experience nozzle run problems; i.e. it irregularities in the nozzles and subsequently occur during spinning sticking can occur.
- the viscosity of the spinning solution is at least 150 Pa ⁇ s, preferably 260 to 450 Pa ⁇ s (determined at 80 ° C in DMF).
- the correct choice of the nozzle hole diameter significantly affects the clean and perfect entry of the threads into the coagulation bath.
- the required high spray speeds of the invention Procedures are particularly important when choosing large nozzle hole diameters difficult to realize. in these cases is having problems with spinning and a spilling nozzle. If such problems occur, then In individual cases it is advisable to reduce the nozzle diameter.
- the nozzle hole diameters are less than 150 ⁇ m; nozzle hole diameters of 60 to 120 ⁇ m are preferred.
- the coagulation bath is usually an aqueous mixture containing one organic aprotic solvent - for example a solution, dispersion or suspension of this organic aprotic solvent in water.
- the organic aprotic solvent is preferably in the coagulation bath the selected spinning solvent.
- the concentration of the organic aprotic solvent is To choose the individual case so that there is a sufficiently fast and complete Coagulation results.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
- S =
- Spritzgeschwindigkeit (m/min)
- F =
- Fördermenge (cm3/min)
- Z =
- Anzahl der Düsenlöcher
- d =
- Düsenlochdurchmesser (mm)
Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß bedingt durch den hohen Druck, Probleme beim Verspinnen auftreten können. Diese äußern sich beispielsweise in einem Verkleckern der Spinndüse, also einem Kleben von Tropfen der Spinnmasse an den Düsen. Es empfiehlt sich daher, die Temperatur der Spinnlösung beim Auftreten solcher Probleme vor dem Durchtritt durch die Spinndüse zu erhöhen, um auf diese Weise die Viskosität der Spinnlösung abzusenken. Im Falle von DMF als Spinnlösungsmittel empfiehlt es sich daher, die Spinnlösung kurz vor dem Einlaufen in die Düse auf mindestens 80-100°C aufzuheizen.
Claims (34)
- Fasern aus Homo- oder Copolymeren mit einem Gewichtsmittel des Molekulargewichts von 80 000 bis 210 000, enthaltend mindestens 70 Gew.-% wiederkehrende Acrylnitril- und/oder Methacrylnitril-Einheiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern eine Festigkeit von mehr als 100 cN/tex und ein Anfangsmodul von mehr als 15 N/tex, bezogen auf 100 % Dehnung, aufweisen.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Homo- oder Copolymer einen Gehalt von mindestens 90 Gew.% Acrylnitrileinheiten aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Homo- oder Copolymer einen Gehalt von mindestens 99 Gew.% Acrylnitrileinheiten aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser eine Festigkeit von 101 bis 150 cN/tex aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser ein Anfangsmodul, bezogen auf 100 % Dehnung, von 22 bis 35 cN/tex aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser ein Anfangsmodul, bezogen auf 100 % Dehnung, von 22 bis 30 cN/tex aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser eine Reißfestigkeit von mehr als 85 cN/tex aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser eine Reißfestigkeit von mehr als 90 cN/tex aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser eine Reißdehnung von maximal 15 % aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser eine Reißdehnung von 7 bis 9 % aufweist.
- Faser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser einen Einzelfilamenttiter von 0,3 bis 100 dtex besitzt.
- Faser nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser einen Einzelfilamenttiter von 0,9 bis 20 dtex besitzt.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochfesten Fasern eines Homo- oder Copolymeren mit einem Gewichtsmittel des Molekulargewichts von 80 000 bis 210 000, enthaltend mindestens 70 Gew.-% wiederkehrende Acrylnitril- und/oder Methacrylnitril-Einheiten umfassend folgende Maßnahmen:a) Herstellung einer Spinnlösung enthaltend ein organisches aprotisches Lösungsmittel oder eine Mischung derartiger Lösungsmittel und mindestens 15 Gew.%, bezogen auf die Spinnlösung, eines Homo- oder Copolymeren enthaltend mindestens 70 Gew.-% wiederkehrende Acrylnitril- und/oder Methacrylnitril-einheitenb) Verspinnen dieser Spinnlösung nach einem Naßspinnverfahren oder einem Trockendüsen-Naßspinnverfahren in ein Koagulationsbad, wobei der Spinndruck der Spinnlösung an der Düse mindestens 20 bar beträgt,c) Koagulation der ersponnenen Fäden im Koagulationsbad und Abziehen dieser Fäden aus dem Koagulationsbad, undd) Nachbehandeln der ersponnenen Fäden unter Durchführung einer oder mehrerer Verstreckungen, wobei der Verstreckgrad zwischen Abzugsvorrichtungen der ersponnenen Fäden aus dem Koagulationsbad und Ausgang der Nachbehandlungsstrecke mindestens 1: 10 beträgt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Lösungsmittel Dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO), Dimethylacetamid (DMAC), N- Methylpyrrolidon (NMP) und insbesondere Dimethylformamid (DMF) eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spinnmassekonzentration mehr als 26 % beträgt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spinnmassekonzentration 29 bis 38 % beträgt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Viskosität der Spinnlösung mindestens 150 Pa·s, insbesondere 260 bis 450 Pa·s (bestimmt bei 80 °C in DMF) beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spinnlösung vor dem Verspinnen durch einen Filter von 5 - 15 µm Durchgängigkeit filtriert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur der Spinnlösung vor der Spinndüse 80 bis 130 °C beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Düsenlochdurchmesser 60 bis 150 µm beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spritzgeschwindigkeit 5 bis 50 m/min beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spinndruck der Spinnlösung an der Düse mindestens 30 bar beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verspinnen durch ein Trockendüsen-Naßspinnverfahren erfolgt, wobei die Breite des Luftspaltes zwischen Spinndüse und Oberfläche des Koagulationsbades 1 bis 10 mm beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koagulationsbad eine wäßrig Mischung des Spinnlösungsmittels ist, wobei die Konzentration des Spinnlösungsmittels weniger als 75 Gew. %, bezogen auf das Koagulationsbad, beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koagulationsbad eine wäßrig Mischung des Spinnlösungsmittels ist, wobei die Konzentration des Spinnlösungsmittels weniger als 50 Gew. %, bezogen auf das Koagulationsbad, beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koagulationsbad eine wäßrig Mischung des Spinnlösungsmittels ist, wobei die Konzentration des Spinnlösungsmittels 20 bis 50 Gew. %, bezogen auf das Koagutationsbad, beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur des Koagulationsbad 20 bis 110°C, vorzugsweise 40 bis 90°C, insbesondere 60 bis 85°C, beträgt.
- Verwendung der Fasern nach Anspruch 1 als Verstärkungsmaterialien für die Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbundwerkstoffe faserverstärkte hydraulisch abbindende Materialien sind.
- Verwendung der Fasern nach Anspruch 1 zur Herstellung von Vliesstoffen, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Filtern oder von Geotextilien.
- Verwendung der Fasern nach Anspruch 1 zur Herstellung von Reibbelägen .
- Verwendung der Fasern nach Anspruch 1 zur Herstellung von Seilen und Leinen.
- Verwendung der Fasern nach Anspruch 1 zur Herstellung von Verdeckstoffen.
- Verbundwerkstoff, Vliesstoff, Reibbelag, Seile, Leinen oder Verdeckstoff enthaltend Fasern nach Anspruch 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651440 | 1996-12-11 | ||
| DE19651440A DE19651440A1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1996-12-11 | Hochfeste Polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen Moduls, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
| PCT/EP1997/006862 WO1998026116A1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-12-09 | Hochfeste polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen moduls, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0944750A1 EP0944750A1 (de) | 1999-09-29 |
| EP0944750B1 true EP0944750B1 (de) | 2003-10-08 |
Family
ID=7814333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97952045A Expired - Lifetime EP0944750B1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-12-09 | Hochfeste polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen moduls, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6228966B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0944750B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2001524170A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU5560898A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19651440A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2208966T3 (de) |
| PT (1) | PT944750E (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998026116A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19808325A1 (de) * | 1998-02-27 | 1999-09-09 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Faserverstärkte thermoplastische Formmasse und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| WO2016144488A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Cytec Industries Inc. | Manufacture of intermediate modulus carbon fiber |
| US10213707B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-02-26 | Orochem Technologies, Inc. | Continuous process for purification of steviol glycosides from stevia leaves using simulated moving bed chromatography |
| CN112899807B (zh) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 高强、高模、高韧性聚丙烯腈纤维及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3523150A (en) | 1966-12-12 | 1970-08-04 | Monsanto Co | Manufacture of industrial acrylic fibers |
| DE3027844A1 (de) | 1980-07-23 | 1982-02-18 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Hochmodul-polyacrylnitrilfaeden und -fasern sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| CH647271A5 (de) | 1981-03-20 | 1985-01-15 | Hoechst Ag | Fixierte faeden und fasern aus acrylnitrilhomo- oder -copolymeren sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung. |
| AT375096B (de) * | 1982-05-19 | 1984-06-25 | Chemie Linz Ag | Trockengesponnene polyacrylnitrilfaser und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| JPS616160A (ja) | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-11 | 東レ株式会社 | 繊維補強水硬性物質 |
| JPS6197415A (ja) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-05-15 | Japan Exlan Co Ltd | 高強度高弾性率ポリアクリロニトリル系繊維 |
| JPS6233817A (ja) | 1985-08-05 | 1987-02-13 | Japan Exlan Co Ltd | 高強度高弾性率アクリル系繊維の製造法 |
| EP0255109B1 (de) | 1986-07-28 | 1993-01-20 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylfasern mit hohen Fasereigenschaften |
| DE3900846A1 (de) | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-19 | Happich Gmbh Gebr | Verdeckstoff fuer fahrzeuge |
| EP0645479A1 (de) | 1993-09-24 | 1995-03-29 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Hochfeste Polyacrylnitrilfasern hohen Moduls, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
-
1996
- 1996-12-11 DE DE19651440A patent/DE19651440A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-12-09 AU AU55608/98A patent/AU5560898A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-12-09 US US09/319,645 patent/US6228966B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-09 DE DE59710838T patent/DE59710838D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-09 JP JP52619998A patent/JP2001524170A/ja active Pending
- 1997-12-09 ES ES97952045T patent/ES2208966T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-09 EP EP97952045A patent/EP0944750B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-09 WO PCT/EP1997/006862 patent/WO1998026116A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-12-09 PT PT97952045T patent/PT944750E/pt unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001524170A (ja) | 2001-11-27 |
| DE59710838D1 (de) | 2003-11-13 |
| US6228966B1 (en) | 2001-05-08 |
| ES2208966T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
| AU5560898A (en) | 1998-07-03 |
| WO1998026116A1 (de) | 1998-06-18 |
| EP0944750A1 (de) | 1999-09-29 |
| DE19651440A1 (de) | 1998-06-18 |
| PT944750E (pt) | 2004-03-31 |
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