EP0941527B1 - Apparatus and method for guiding streams of people in means of mass transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for guiding flows of individuals in mass transportation systems, containing at least the following components: A) a guidance system in embarking and disembarking areas interacting with at least one of the following devices: a) a guidance system in the means of transportation. b) a blocking device between the embarking/disembarking areas and the means of transportation.

Description

The invention relates to a device for guiding individual flows in means of transport as well as a Method for directing individual flows through the aforementioned device.

In means of transport, especially in public transport systems such as Railways, S-Bahn and U-Bahn trains need to be as efficient as possible Use of these modes of transport. It comes to the efficient use of these means of transport especially the train stations and there the platforms - the areas in which one and gets out or in which the means of transport are emptied and filled - a special one Meaning too. In this context, a desired preferably optimal, particularly preferred uniform distribution of the Individuals, especially passengers on the platform along the means of transport, preferably the train. This distribution must in turn depend on the Individuals happen within the means of transportation. By an optimal distribution of the Individuals along the means of transportation can minimize the stopping time of the Means of transport can be reached because the emptying and filling of the means of transport in the shortest possible time possible time.

The only currently known systems for directing passenger flows are For example, information used in the underground, suburban and regional railways whether a short train or long train is used. This indication allows the passenger to be in the area to set up where the train will stop. It is also known that passengers on the train on the To indicate the train side with illuminated arrows on which the platform is in the next station located. Furthermore, distance tables for long-distance trains are known. These show the passenger in which train area the first or second carriage class is located or in which Area of the train, i.e. in which car the seat he reserved is located. At These systems are static systems that are not related to the Orientate passenger volume. They do not conduct the passenger flow dynamically, i.e. not in Depends on the amount of passengers.

So far, no systems are known that can cope with a high volume of passengers allow passengers to travel in the desired manner or optimally, preferably evenly to distribute the platform or along the train to the boarding and alighting times and thus shorten the train's stopping time. This results in considerable loss of time during Passenger changes, which add up to a significant extension of the total across several stations Result in driving time. Shortening the holding time would therefore be an enormous time and Increased comfort for passengers and significantly better capacity utilization and - increase for train stations and the means of transport. At the same time, the faster too Emptying and filling of the platform or station enables. Through this Capacity optimization, existing transport systems can be used better, what the costly construction of new or further expansion of existing traffic systems despite higher ones Passenger volume only becomes necessary or even superfluous at a later date and is therefore significant uses fewer resources, saves costs and is more environmentally friendly.

DE-OS 26 45 352 discloses an arrangement for controlling the inflow and outflow of passengers at train stations by in Vehicles and along the platforms in the stopping area of the trains optical display devices are arranged. At this Arrangement there is a risk that the passengers, the The following display devices have been set up by the Incoming trains are recorded.

US-P 5,176,082 teaches a barrier which is a platform divides into a section facing and away from a train door by the Blocking device forming a square, is arranged in front of the train. On the one hand, this harbors the risk that waiting passengers will be taken away by the incoming train can be detected. Furthermore, the regulation of Passenger flow with barriers of this type cumbersome.

The document DE 295 14 339 U1 discloses an electronic personal guidance system in which different personal guidance information can be variably displayed locally by means of a central control. For this purpose, people and / or services accessible via a computer and / or space-related digital data and a display control system, which are used via one or more displays connected to the computer that can be connected to the computer Contains display displays, such as door signs, notice boards and / or the like, which about the Bus system are controllable.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device and a method with which flows of individuals, in particular a high volume of passengers be managed inexpensively, efficiently and safely, with the security of the system in terms of the separation of people from trains is guaranteed.

The task resulting from the foregoing is accomplished by a device for guidance solved by streams of individuals according to claim 1.

According to the invention, among individual flows or among individuals in general, living beings, understood people and animals. In particular come as human flows of individuals Passenger flows or passenger flows on S, U, and railways as well Magnetic levitation or levitation and elevated railways etc. into consideration According to the invention, individual flows denote in particular passenger or passenger flows for suburban, underground and railroads, with subways being particularly preferred. According to the invention However, flows of individuals can also be human-driven vehicles, like them occur, for example, on car loading trains.

According to the invention, means of transport are S, U, city, road, long-distance, regional, iron, Magnetic levitation, levitation, high and high-speed railways, with S, U and Railways are preferred and subways are particularly preferred. The invention Means of transport preferably have a route, a filling and emptying area as well as a means of transport.

According to the invention, a route is understood to be a device on which the Means of transport to cover the distance between two filling and emptying areas emotional. Routes preferred according to the invention are rails in the wheel-rail system, Monorail systems, lanes of rail systems on rubber wheels and routes from Levitation or magnetic levitation trains, for example Transrapid, etc.

In addition to the trains, the means of transport according to the invention are the above means of transport preferably trains from S-, U- and railroads as well as magnetic levitation trains, Suspension railways and elevated railways. The trains according to the invention can consist of one or several train parts, preferably wagons, which are either self-propelled or one or more drive systems external to the wagon, preferably drive heads, such as locomotives.

The filling and emptying area according to the invention is preferably understood to mean the area which the flow of individuals must pass in order to get out of or into the means of transport. Filling and emptying areas which are particularly preferred according to the invention are those which adjoin the openings for filling and emptying the transport means. Particularly preferred filling and emptying areas according to the invention are platforms and platforms of suburban, underground and railroads as well as magnetic levitation trains, levitation trains and elevated trains. Of these platforms or platforms, the areas that adjoin the openings for emptying and filling the transport means are particularly preferred.
Such areas are preferably the areas of the platforms and platforms which end with the platform edge or platform edge and which adjoin, preferably to the area of the train or the train part, preferably the wagon, where the entrances and exits, preferably the train doors, are located .

According to the invention, the filling and emptying area can have a control system. It is also preferred according to the invention if the means of transport is a control system having. According to the invention, it is particularly preferred if both the filling and Empty area and the means of transport each have a control system.

The control system according to the invention has the task of the individuals or the stream of individuals to be distributed over the means of transport so that the dwell time of the means of transport in the filling and emptying area is as short as possible.

A control system preferred according to the invention is an optical control system which is designed for Fulfillment of the above task served optical means. Preferred according to the invention Optical means of this optical guidance system are luminous areas, preferably in different colors and shapes. The optical guidance systems are preferably in In the form of an arrow and / or in the form of different colored areas. Farther preferred optical guidance systems have the shape of directional arrows in their color changing surfaces and shapes, preferably meaning a different direction of movement. In the optical guidance systems according to the invention, it is further preferred if the arrows and preferably the colors of the surfaces have special meaning. So can for example a red area in front of you in the filling and emptying area Means of transport mean that this area is for the individuals leaving the means of transport is reserved. Furthermore, one can be of a different color and / or shape, preferably green Area means that the individuals are allowed to enter this area or are on this area may stop to get into the means of transport. The optical according to the invention Signage systems in the shape of arrows can be used, for example, in the filling and emptying area Point out means of transport and thus signal the flow of individuals into the means of transport to get to this point. Optical guidance systems according to the invention in arrow form in the filling and emptying areas facing away from the means of transport can flow to the individual show that this area is reserved for individuals coming from the means of transportation Furthermore, particularly preferred optical guidance systems according to the invention are known from the Combination of illuminated, preferably colored, areas and arrows are formed. The term "information arrows" is not only understood to mean information signs in the form of an arrow, Rather, all signs fall to indicate the direction or in general to direct the Individual stream are suitable under this term. Instead of the arrows, you can however, other characters and / or combinations of characters can also be provided, which the Individuals who show entry and exit areas.

The control systems according to the invention are thus devices which are suitable for the Individuals in the stream of individuals with information, preferably optical information supply them in the filling and emptying area along the means of transport Regulation of the residence time in the desired manner, preferably to reduce the Optimal residence time of the means of transport, preferably to be distributed evenly.

Optical guidance systems are particularly preferred as illuminated ones different colored, changing colors with or without arrows, which in the Bottom of the filling and emptying area, preferably in the platform or platform floor are arranged.

Furthermore, optical guidance systems, which are located in the upper area of the shut-off device, preferably arranged above the openings of these and particularly preferably above the doors are particularly preferred.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred according to the invention if the means of transport is a Control system, preferably an optical control system, particularly preferably in the form of illuminated or luminous, colored, and preferably changing, surfaces and furthermore preferably has arrows. It is particularly preferred if this Control system in the means of transport is arranged so that everyone in the means of transport located individuals can be perceived. In addition, it is preferred that this control system is so arranged in the means of transport that in particular the individuals who leave the means of transport, be distributed by the control system so that the emptying of the Means of transport without delay. Particularly preferred according to the invention Optical guidance systems in means of transport are colored areas with changing colors and Indicator arrows, which are preferably attached at the head height of the passengers in the means of transport are. Instead of the arrows, other characters and / or Character combinations can be provided that give individuals the entry and exit areas Show.

Luminous surfaces are preferably used as optical guidance systems according to the invention, especially from many individual light points that can change their color, Composite luminous surfaces in question, causing variation in light, luminosity and Color of the individual light spots, colored areas, geometric figures, for example arrows and information signs, as well as signs and / or combinations of signs, preferably Lettering and particularly preferably pictograms can be generated which are suitable the guidance systems with information by a dedication to guide the flow of individuals Mistake.

According to the invention, dedications are physical manifestations of instructions or Information to individuals, such as "waiting", "moving", "not entering", "Keep clear", "distribute and" clear ", etc.

According to the invention between the filling and emptying area on the one rope and Shut-off devices arranged on the other side are preferred flat structures that run along the line between the filling and emptying area on one Side and means of transport are arranged on the other side. This, preferably vertically arranged flat structures preferably have at least one or more closable openings. It is also preferred according to the invention if this flat structures are transparent and for example made of transparent materials such as glass, transparent polymers, for example acrylic glass, wire mesh, knitted fabric and mesh consist.

Particularly preferred shut-off devices according to the invention have several against one another Slidable and thus opening and reclosing transparent Sheets, preferably made of acrylic glass or glass or other transparent polymers. Plates preferred according to the invention are in metal, preferably in metal frames. These plates are driven by drive devices. Examples of the invention preferred drive devices are electrical, for example by electric motors or Electromagnet driven as well as hydraulic, for example by liquid or Gas pressure, preferably driven by oil pressure or air pressure. The drive devices the plates of the shut-off device are preferably arranged so that they are not visible. Accordingly, an arrangement in the ceiling or in the bottom of the filling and Empty area preferred. Shut-off devices are particularly preferred according to the invention made of transparent plates that can be moved against each other, opening up the openings and close, which are arranged along a platform or platform edge and preferably Can open openings that correspond to the openings of the means of transport.

It is also preferred according to the invention if these shut-off devices with the control system arranged in the filling and emptying area as well as the control system in the Transport means and the openings of the transport means are arranged so that the Individual flow for filling and emptying the means of transport is directed so that the Dwell time of the means of transport is as short as possible. This is then preferably the Case when the openings intended for filling and those intended for emptying Openings of the means of transport with corresponding openings of the shut-off device and with appropriate control systems in the means of transport and in the filling and emptying area cover and direct the flow of individuals through their interaction so that the dwell time of the Means of transport is as short as possible.

Furthermore, the device according to the invention for guiding individual flows preferably a control unit. This control unit detects the individual flow or Changes in the flow of individuals and sets them in commands for the control systems or Change of the guidance of the guidance systems to the individuals of the stream of individuals for Guiding the flow of individuals to shorten the dwell time of the means of transport in the filling and emptying area and to optimize the throughput paths and throughput time of the individuals in the filling and emptying area. The control unit according to the invention has preferably a detection means, processing means and optionally a command means on, which are each formed from software and hardware, with particular preference that Processing means consisting of software and hardware, preferably a computer and one appropriate program for processing the captured data in commands. The Detection means is preferably a device for counting the individuals per unit of time Determination of the individual current, for example light barriers. The means of detection in Filling and emptying areas without daylight, such as underground train stations preferably located in an area that the stream of individuals passes through when in or from the filling and emptying area. It is further preferred that Arrange the counting device of the detection means in the filling and emptying area that the number of individuals in the filling and emptying area as a function of time can be determined. This can preferably be done by in the bottom of the Filling and emptying area, preferably in combination with the optical guidance systems Light sources are attached that depend on the individual's flow of individuals the amount of individuals are more or less covered, with which more or less less light to the above, preferably that in the ceiling of the filling and Empty area arranged sensors arrives. The individual density then results from the signal from the light sensors depending on the intensity of the light. The reverse The arrangement of the sensors and the light sources is also the same if it works properly possible. Here is the normal illuminance of the station in particular Determination to be considered. Video and also come as recording means Infrared cameras, with which the areas populated by individuals, in particular the filling or emptying area or areas are at least partially detected. The recordings captured by the aforementioned cameras are with a Individual detection system evaluated to determine the individual flow. Such Evaluation can be done, for example, when recording people by counting heads both electronically using a suitable computer program and also for counting deployed personnel.

A processing means which is suitable according to the invention takes that from the detection means coming signals, for example analog or digital signals, preferably digital Signals on. According to the invention, such a processing means is preferably a computer. In this processing means are preferably those coming from the detection means Signals, preferably by software in the form of a suitable computer program in Processed commands as signals, for example analog or digital, preferably digital through the command means to the locations in the means of transport or in the filling and emptying area or in the means of transport and in the filling and emptying area, preferably to the Dedication-generating areas are passed on where to direct the flows of individuals are.

In a further preferred device according to the invention, at least one at least a means assigned to a filling and emptying area for recording the flow of individuals in the filling and emptying area the information relating to the flow of individuals at least one of the means for recording the individual flow in the filling and Can assign assigned processing means to emptying area, with at least one means assigned to at least one means of transport for recording the quantity of individuals in the Means of transport that the quantity of individuals in the means of transport to at least one of the means Entry of the quantity of individuals in the means of processing assigned to the means of transport can assign, the processing means the information in commands for at least one Shut-off device between filling and emptying area on the one hand and means of transport on the other hand or at least one control system in the filling and emptying area in the Process means of transport or both for directing flows of individuals on means of transport can.

It is further preferred that the processing means form a functional unit. This is preferably the case when the processing means of the individual filling and Empty areas of a traffic system are networked with each other or that Processing means forms a central unit, for example as a central computer.

Computer programs are preferably used as software in the processing means Have algorithms which the signals or data coming from the detection means process about the flows of individuals and their distribution to at least one piece of information, which via the command means, preferably in signal form, to the locations in the means of transport or in Filling and emptying area or in the means of transport and in the filling and emptying area, preferably to the dedication generating areas where the Individual flows are to be conducted in order to achieve the desired, preferably optimal, distribution of the To lead individuals.

According to the invention, other data that are outside the detection means according to the invention were forwarded to the processing means become. This is preferably data from passenger bookings or Reservations for the appropriate means of transport.

The command means can be part of the control unit as well as part of the control system form. The device according to the invention for guiding individual flows has one Shut-off device, it can also include command means. In a According to the preferred embodiment according to the invention, the command means is the section which connecting the processing means of the control unit and the control system is arranged. The command means transmits the information or signals between the Processing means and the control system and transforms the information or signals of the Processing means, if necessary, in such a way that they are converted from the control system into corresponding ones Individual dedications can be implemented. It is therefore according to the invention preferred that the command means at least from information transmission links, preferably electrical or optical conductors, for example copper or glass fiber cables, consists. In addition, a preferred embodiment of the command means can additionally still information processing means, preferably as a computer, possibly with the Transform the information of adapted software. Likewise, the or the detection means are connected to the processing means of the control means.

The software preferably used according to the invention in the control means consists of Algorithms, which the incoming data about the distribution states of the individuals in at least one means of transport on the one hand and in at least one filling and On the other hand, process the emptying area in such a way that the individuals in the desired, preferred optimally via the means of transport or in the filling and emptying area, preferably the means of transport and filling and emptying areas, the one Form traffic system from one or more routes. The one Software used in the transport system has algorithms that control the distribution of individuals control the entire traffic system. In this context, the desired prefers optimal individual distributions of the individual means of transport and filling and Empty areas matched to those of the entire transport system. This can mean that in a certain filling and emptying area and / or in a certain Means of transport for this individual means of transport and / or filling and Empty area undesired or optimal distribution of individuals in favor of one Distribution in at least one other means of transport and / or filling and Empty area of the traffic system, preferably the entire traffic system, tolerated becomes. This mode of operation is, for example, with two filling stations located on one line. and emptying areas advantageous, in which the first filling and emptying area following second filling and emptying area one compared to the first filling and Emptying area has high individual density. In this situation, one is not optimal Individual distribution in the first filling and emptying area and in both connecting means of transport tolerated, the better outflow of individuals in the second Filling and emptying area allowed and thus for the better functioning of the whole Transport system contributes. To the deviations from the desired or optimal States of a single fill and empty area and / or individual According to the invention, it is preferred not to keep the means of transport as small as possible optimal conditions on several filling and emptying areas and / or means of transport of the Distribution system as minor deviations.

According to the invention, a device for guiding individual flows is particularly preferred, where, when the means of transport is in the filling and emptying area, the Components, i.e. the control system in the filling and emptying area or preferably that Control system in the filling and emptying area and a shut-off device or special preferably the control system in the filling and emptying area, a shut-off device and a Control system in the means of transport or more preferably a control system in the filling and Empty area and in the means of transport are arranged so that they indicate the individual. in which sections of the means of transport, i.e. preferably at which openings of the Means of transport, particularly preferably on which doors of a train part of the means of transport, they get into and / or out of the means of transport.

The method according to the invention for guiding individual flows is the subject of claim 11.

According to the stream of individuals, the number of individuals in the means of transport per Understood time. The stream of individuals is made up of the number of individuals in the means of transport and the individual flow in the filling and emptying area. The flow of individuals is the number of individuals in the filling and emptying area per time. The number of individuals is the number of individuals in the means of transportation per time. Thus, for example, the stream of individuals is all the more the greater the number of individuals transported per time.

According to the invention is optimally distributed, understood that the individuals in the corresponding components, i.e. in the filling and emptying area or in Means of transport are distributed so that the residence time of the means of transport in the filling and Emptying area is as short as possible. On the one hand, this can be and emptying area with a means of transport or preferably for the complex system of at least two filling and emptying areas with at least one of these filling and means of transport connecting emptying areas - that is, preferably for the individual Station with an incoming train and for the complex system of a route with several Train stations and several trains - apply Boarding and alighting are directly at the doors of the wagon and so on the platform be distributed along the train so that the same boarding and alighting times are found on all wagon doors surrender. The distribution is always optimal when the sum of the individual distribution of the individuals located in the filling and emptying area along the means of transport and the individuals in the means of transport are constant over the length of the means of transport is. This is the case, for example, when the individuals on the filling and Empty area should be distributed so unevenly that the uneven Individual distribution in the means of transport is supplemented to an even distribution.

In the method according to the invention, the control unit, in particular the their detection means, the flow of individuals to the filling and emptying area and the Individual quantity recorded in the means of transport. The recorded flows of individuals or Individual quantities are so in the processing means for regulating the control systems processed so that the individuals are guided when filling and emptying the means of transport, that the dwell time of the means of transport in the filling and emptying area is as short as is possible.

The method according to the invention carried out by the device according to the invention is characterized by the fact that it is dynamic. Dynamic here means the ability constantly changing situations that change over time - especially the temporal one Change in the flow of individuals and particularly preferably, the flow of individuals in the Filling and emptying area as well as in the means of transport. This can be both run continuously as well as discontinuously. In the event that this is discontinuous, i.e. in successive time periods, time periods are preferred that between the successive fillings or empties of successive in the Means of transport entering the filling and emptying area. According to the invention particularly preferred periods are 5 seconds to 24 hours, preferably 10 seconds to 1 hour, particularly preferably 15 seconds to 20 minutes before the means of transport into the Filling and emptying area arrives.

The present invention is now illustrated in FIG Connection explained with drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through an example station.

Fig. 2 shows an example of operation with control systems in the filling and emptying area and in Mode of Transport.

Fig. 3 shows the example of a Lits system arrangement in the means of transport.

4 shows the exemplary sequence of filling and emptying in four steps (4A to 4D).

5 shows a flow chart to illustrate the method according to the invention.

An exemplary embodiment according to the invention has a reinforced concrete tunnel ceiling according to FIG. 1 1.1a, a reinforced concrete tunnel wall 1.1b, a reinforced concrete tunnel sole 1.1c, a reinforced concrete platform slab 1.1d, a route consisting of rails, elastic on concrete sleepers (wooden sleepers also possible) 1.2a, track bed as ballast bed or ballastless bed 1.2b, Reinforced concrete trough 1.2c, neoprene bearing 1.2d, 1.2c and 1.2d being a mass spring system Structure-borne noise reduction, an area for cable routing 1.3, ceiling suspensions 1.4a, a false ceiling, for example made of aluminum, other metals or other non-combustible Fabrics 1.4b, recesses that are both lighting and in Combination with the lighting means or sensors of the detection means alone Determination of the individual flow can have 1.4c, escalator with detection means to determine the flow of individuals, preferably light barriers 1.5a, fixed stairs with Detection means for determining the flow of individuals, preferably light barriers 1.5b, Shut-off devices as platform screen doors 1.6, guidance systems, preferably illuminated fields in the Upper area of the shut-off device 1.6a platform floor with illuminated areas for passenger door allocation made of walk-in, transparent material with variable dedications for Entry and exit areas, with entry areas entering and exit areas from Passengers are kept 1.7, light sources below the lighting fields for operation the lighting fields 1.7a.

By means of the detection means 1.5a and 1.5b located on the fixed staircase and the escalators is the flow of individuals, hereinafter referred to as passenger flow, the passengers who are on the Get the platform or away from the platform. In the means of transport is through the Detection means determines the number of passengers who want to get off in the example station. The control unit now determines the optimal distribution of those on the platform Persons are identified and corresponding illuminated areas in the platform floor via the command unit 1.7 by the light sources 1.7a and, if appropriate, by those in the upper area of the Shut-off device located lighting areas 1.6a with the entry or exit dedications designated. Then the passengers are distributed according to the dedications. in the Means of transport, here a subway train, also have the illuminated areas of the guidance system Boarding and alighting areas, preferably the doors intended for boarding and alighting, particularly preferably the doors provided for either boarding or alighting via the Means of command. After entering the subway train, both the doors of this train open as well as the platform screen doors 1.6 of the shut-off device, which are covered thereby. By those marked with the corresponding dedications as entry and exit wedges Doors enter or leave the subway train. After completing the entry and exit The exit process closes the platform doors of the barrier, and the subway train leaves the station.

Fig. 2 denotes an example of operation with control system in the filling and emptying area as well a means of transport with the route in the form of pairs of rails 2.1, one Means of transport as a train with wagon 2.2, a filling and emptying area as a platform 2.3 with a control system with light fields as area definition 2.4, a control system in Means of transport with light fields as a dedication to alight 2.5, a guidance system with Illuminated fields as a dedication for areas for beginners 2.6.

In the present operating example, the means of detection in the means of transport capture during the journey of the means of transport 2.2 on the route 2.1 the amount of individuals in Mode of Transport. Likewise, the individual flow in the filling and emptying area 2.3 certainly. These values are used in the control device to determine how the individual flow in the Filling and emptying area and the most optimally distributed individuals in the means of transport become. This distribution is via the command unit using the control systems in the Means of transport and in the filling and emptying area implemented by the appropriate Illuminated fields in the filling and emptying area 2.4, depending on whether they are an input or Mark the exit area and light it up with the appropriate dedication. The Illuminated fields of the guidance system in the means of transport indicate the exit areas on the one hand 2.5 and on the other hand to the entry areas 2.6.

Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of an embodiment of the invention Guidance system in a means of transport for those boarding the next train station Areas devoted to free space 3.1. as well as for those getting off at the next train station dedicated areas 3.2. as a schematic diagram and enlarged as an embodiment.

4 shows the filling and emptying area as platform 4.1, means of transport as train 4.2, Route as a track 4.3, areas with boarding dedication 4.4, areas with Dedication to keep 4.5 exits, areas with disembarkation on train 4.6, areas with free dedication on train 4.7, areas with distribution dedication along the platform 4.8, areas with distribution sign pointing to the train 4.8a, areas with Dedication for exit on platform 4.9, areas with boarding for boarding 4.9a and Areas with clearance dedication 4.10.

When the train enters the station 4A, the individuals or passengers are informed by means of of areas 4.8 and 4.8a optimally distributed over the platform, assuming here will be that in the lower area of the platform at the beginning of the distribution more passengers are located. This distribution can also take place because the lower - rear - area of the Train more passengers than in the front. The areas 4.4 show the passengers who are in want to get on the train their area. The areas 4.5 are the areas that the passengers need when leaving the train. They are on the train Passengers are directed to the doors provided for the exit via areas 4.6. The Areas 4.7 indicate the areas to be kept free on the train for those boarding the station Passengers out. According to 4B, areas 4.4 and 4.7 as well as 4.5 and 4.6 compared. According to 4C, the dedications of areas 4.5 change to 4.9 and 4.7 to 4.9a to indicate boarding and alighting. According to 4D, the Illuminated areas when the train leaves, areas 4.10 guide passengers from the platform. The The process described above is repeated as a function of the flow of individuals.

The flow chart shown in FIG. 5 exemplifies the implementation of the method according to the invention by the device according to the invention. First it comes for recording the flow of individuals by means of recording at the train station and in the train. Detection means in the station means devices that pass through the crowd Illuminance comparison or by light barriers or by other means such as for example infrared or radar, etc. determine.

The means of detection in the means of transport, for example train, can be the same as that Means of registration at the station, but also the possibility of registration by comparing the weight of the empty and occupied train and preferably by Photoelectric sensors exist. Seat sensors can also be used for detection. The Information collected by the detection means is fed to the control means. This constantly reacts to new situations, i.e. always new ones Changes in the flow of individuals with a corresponding change in the dedication the guidance systems, preferably the surfaces, preferably illuminated surfaces for movement, Waiting etc. as well as for passenger door allocation. This is done via the command means on the Control systems or the shut-off devices in the station or on the platform and the Transfer control systems or doors in the means of transport or on the train. The as a guidance system functioning illuminated areas on the station or on the platform guide the flow of individuals, about the dedications "wait", "move", "do not enter" and "keep free", preferably in every combination.

The illuminated areas in the means of transport or train, which act as a guidance system, receive the Dedications "wait", "move", "keep free". The doors of the shut-off device or Means of transport are opened or remain closed and serve depending on the Dedication of the guidance system to getting in or out and preferably separating fillings and emptying, preferably getting on and off.

Claims (13)

1. Apparatus for guiding flows of people in transport facilities used by the public for achieving an optimal distribution of the people in the transport facilities and also the filling and emptying regions including a guide system (1.7; 2.4) in the filling and emptying regions in conjunction with a guide system (2.5) in the transport means; detection means (1.5a, 1.5b) for the flow of people on the filling and emptying regions; detection means for the amount of people in the transport means; and a control unit which controls the guide systems on the basis of the detected flows and amounts of people, the guide systems being constituted by a combination of optical means in the form of controlled illuminated surfaces (1.6a, 1.7a, 2.4) of different colour and shape and controlled barrier devices (1.6) between the filling and emptying regions on the one hand and the transport means (2.2) on the other hand.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the illuminated surfaces are so constructed that they can change their colour, areas and shapes.
3. Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the optical means (1.7a) are arranged in the floor of the filling and emptying regions, which is made of transparent material which may be walked on.
4. Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the optical means (1.6a) are provided in the upper region of the barrier device.
5. Apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the optical means are constituted by illuminated areas comprising a plurality of individual light points, each of which can change their colour, whereby as a result of variation of the light, light intensity and colour of the individual light points, coloured regions, geometrical figures, such as arrows and direction signs, and symbols and/or combinations of symbols, sequences of letters and pictograms can be produced.
6. Apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the barrier devices are flat vertical structures which are disposed along the line between the filling and emptying regions on the one hand and the transport means on the other hand and have at least one opening which may be closed by drive devices.
7. Apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the barrier devices are transparent.
8. Apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the detection means are constituted by light barriers (1.5a).
9. Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the detection means are constituted by light sources or sensors arranged in the floor of the filling and emptying regions and corresponding sensors or light sources arranged in the ceiling of the filling and emptying regions, whereby the light sources are masked to a greater or lesser extent in dependence on the amount of people, whereby more or less light reaches the opposed sensors.
10. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the means for detecting and directing the flows of people is arranged at the entries and exits to the respective filling and emptying regions, e.g. on fixed steps, escalators, lifts, travelators, passenger barriers, intransit halls, at station level and/or other levels of station buildings.
11. Method of guiding flows of people in transport facilities using the apparatus as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised by the following steps:

    detecting the flow of people in the respective filling and emptying regions and the amount of people in the transport means (2.2) by the detection means (1.5a; 1.5b);

    processing the detected data by means of the control unit such that the people for filling and emptying the transport facility are guided so that they are distributed optimally over the filling and emptying regions;

    controlling the guide systems by means of the control unit.
12. Method as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that it is dynamic whereby it adjusts to continuous changes occurring over time in the flow of people in the filling and emptying regions and in the transport means.
13. Method as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that the adjustment to the changes occurs continuously.

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