EP0927615A2 - Plant for producing vapour-hardened building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

In the heat chambers (11) the binding and the hardening of the concrete mass takes place under the effect of heat energy. In a sawing station (24) the bound pore concrete cakes are brought, where they are cut to the required formats. One or more heat chambers (9) receive the cut concrete cakes for storage under heat energy effect. One or more autoclaves then receive the pore concrete cakes for steam hardening. They are then passed to a cooling area (21) and all the constituents of the plant (9,11,21) have functional sections equipped with rails. A warm and heat chamber device (8) has a warm area (11) and a heating area (9).

Description

The invention relates to a plant for producing steam-hardened Building materials.

Steam-hardened building materials, in particular steam-hardened lightweight building materials, for example porous or gas concrete, are produced, for example, by the following process. The ground raw materials such as sand, lime, cement, sulfate carrier and aluminum powder are mixed together with water in batches in a mixer. After mixing, the flowable mass is filled into an oiled casting mold which can be moved on rails and has a volume of between 4 and 9 m ³ . After the casting mold has been filled, it is brought to a fermentation station, where the mass is fermented to its final volume and remains between one and six hours until the binder component has set enough green strength for the sawing. The filled mold is then conveyed to a sawing station and released and then the mass is cut in a sawing station by means of wires. After sawing, the cut material on trolleys is either driven directly into an autoclave or collected on stands in front of autoclaves until there is an autoclave filling and then pushed into an autoclave. After autoclaving, which is usually about 12 hours, the material is removed from the autoclave, unloaded in an unloading device, packaged and transported to the warehouse.

Such a conventional system is in S. Röbert, silicate concrete, VEB Verlag für Bauwesen Berlin, Berlin 1970, described and explained below with reference to FIG. 9.

In a casting station 101, the cleaned and oiled Molds filled with an aerated concrete mixture and then on Proofing stations 102 move where the mass floats in the molds sets. In a demolding station 103, the molds are made with the green firm aerated cake tilted by 90 ° and parts of the mold removed, except for a mold side wall, which serves as the hardening base remains. Another process involves implementing the AAC cake on movable grates, with the entire mold parts are removed. The aerated concrete cakes are then driven into a cutting station 104 and there into the cut the desired formats. The one from the cellular concrete cake Removed mold parts are in a cleaning station 105 cleaned and then reassembled into shape and oiled in an oil station 106.

Three hard floors with a cellular concrete cake each with their Long sides side by side autoclaves movable on tracks - or hardening car 107 set and driven into a tunnel 108, the cake before it cools down, especially before it gets pulled to protect. From tunnel 108, the aerated concrete cakes, if there is a sufficient number of autoclave trolleys for one Autoclave filling is available in a free autoclave 109 retracted and subjected to steam curing there.

After steam curing is complete, the cellular concrete cakes are made the autoclave 109 extended and for post-treatment and / or packaging placed on a stand 111.

If the aerated concrete is to be equipped with reinforcements, 112 reinforcements before casting in a reinforcement station inserted into the molds.

Such systems require a considerable amount of space. A lot of Space becomes available for the tracks of the fermentation areas and the installation area the autoclave, but it is also common in the area of Provide proofing places for heat tunnels. The cake is in the heat tunnel with heat energy, resulting in a shortening of the fermentation time results and space can be saved. If you load them Autoclaves not in batches, but with individual hardening trolleys, the space required in front of the autoclaves can be reduced, but expensive autoclave capacity is blocked.

In order to operate such systems economically, very high production capacities of, for example, more than 300,000 m ³ / year must also be provided. In many cases, such high production cannot be sold on the market.

Another disadvantage is that in the conventional method very many forms must be available, which is significant Investment requires.

Furthermore, a system is individually designed and required high costs insofar as proven layouts are usually not usable are. As far as proven layouts can be used, they include Universal systems that are prepared for every need and therefore require a larger investment.

From BE 556 531 A it is known that in the aerated concrete forms filled mass during the expansion and during the Sawing and warming after sawing before autoclaving. While warming up and sawing brings warming up in one Tunnel takes place in which several sawing stations are arranged one behind the other are. The said aerated concrete blocks are placed on wagons a large heated waiting room with several tracks retracted. The disadvantage of this system is that it also requires a significant amount of space and because of long travel distances only relatively low clock rates can be achieved.

The object of the invention is a plant for the production of aerated concrete to create, where the space required by an improved Space usage is significantly reduced and the clock speeds of the Production can be increased. In addition, preferably System contain a modular concept and modular be easily expandable.

This task is carried out by a system with the characteristics of Claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 12 solved. Advantageous embodiments are in the of these Claims dependent dependent claims marked.

According to the invention, a particularly compact system with shortened Clock rates achieved in that the installation sites in front of the Autoclaves can be used for production steps. Accordingly a combined heating and heating chamber in the area of the installation sites installed in front of the autoclave, with a heating area for the fermenting aerated concrete mass with a heating area for heating the already cut cellular concrete cake with regard to the used Medium containing heat energy with which the cellular concrete cake are applied, is connected, so that heat medium from the heating area can be led into the heating area. The the two areas are expediently adjacent to one another, in particular arranged one above the other. The areas the chamber as areas in a room without partitions be housed; but it can also use partitions Passages for the heat medium may be provided. It is useful to design the passages in such a way that their openings can be changed are so that the passage quantities for the heat medium are controllable are. The two areas can be spatially side by side be provided. It is advisable, however, the heat range above Arrange heating area because in the heating area with a higher Thermal energy level is worked and thus heat medium without further flows from the bottom up so that funds are omitted with which heat medium from the heating area to the heating area should be transported.

The combined heating and heating device according to the invention is in the for simplicity's sake called heating heating chamber which is divided into a heating area and a heating area, wherein the areas can also be divided by partitions. The Combined heating and heating chamber can also be operated in a cycle can be used by the aerated concrete cake after fermentation and Stiffening extended from the combined heating and heating chamber, cut and then again for further heating be driven into it.

According to the invention, the mixer area and the Sawing area at a higher level or at a higher level Platform arranged so that installations in the floor e.g. Foundations of the plant can be avoided, which are usually very expensive.

In a modular arrangement according to the invention combined heating-heating chamber with the heating area above the Heating area in front of the front of an autoclave is from Advantage that such a system with respect to this combination can be expanded laterally in a modular manner. By warming up the fermentation and heating of the cut cellular concrete cake in the The area of installation sites in front of the autoclave becomes a relative one small space optimally used to save space; beyond that the clock rates, in particular the autoclaving process, such shortened that the production capacity increased and the Production costs can be reduced because of the warming up and heating reduce the required reaction energy when Autoclaving.

Fig. 1

schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage mit einer Wärme-Heizkammer in einer Queransicht;

Fig. 2

schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage gemäß Figur 1 in einer Draufsicht;

Fig. 3

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage mit Wärme-Heizkammer in einer Queransicht;

Fig. 4

eine Anlage gemäß Figur 3 in einer Draufsicht;

Fig. 5

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage mit einer kombinierten Wärme-Heizkammer in einer Queransicht;

Fig. 6

eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage gemäß Figur 5 in einer schematischen Draufsicht;

Fig. 7

ein Grundmodul einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage in einer Draufsicht;

Fig. 8

eine Anlage gemäß Figur 7 in einer höheren Ausbaustufe;

Fig. 9

eine bekannte Anlage zum Herstellen von Porenbeton;

The system according to the invention is explained below by way of example with reference to a drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

schematically a system according to the invention with a heat heating chamber in a transverse view;

Fig. 2

schematically a system according to the invention according to Figure 1 in a plan view;

Fig. 3

a further embodiment of a system according to the invention with a heating heating chamber in a transverse view;

Fig. 4

a plant according to Figure 3 in a plan view;

Fig. 5

a further embodiment of a system according to the invention with a combined heat-heating chamber in a transverse view;

Fig. 6

an inventive system according to Figure 5 in a schematic plan view;

Fig. 7

a basic module of a system according to the invention in a plan view;

Fig. 8

a system according to Figure 7 in a higher stage;

Fig. 9

a known plant for producing aerated concrete;

The entire system 1 for the production of aerated concrete (Figures 1, 2) is arranged at ground level or on a base plate 35 and has for example, two autoclaves 2 of equal length, which with respect to their longitudinal extension next to each other and on the same Level are arranged. The autoclaves 2 can at least be opened at one end and have a rail track 3 on, which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 in the interior. The autoclaves 2 are loaded with so-called hardening wagons 5, on which cut aerated concrete cakes 6 are stored. At the to open the front of the autoclave 2 is a cross to Longitudinal axis 4 of the autoclaves 2 sliding stage 7 arranged.

In the direction of the rail tracks 3 and the longitudinal axis 4 of the side-by-side autoclaves 2 are one, one unit forming heating chamber 8 (hereinafter heating chamber called) arranged. The heating chamber 8 has a heating area or boiler room 9 through which Rails or tracks 3a in alignment with the tracks 3 and / or extend parallel to it. 3a are on these tracks Hardening car 5 with aerated concrete cake 6 adjustable and in the direction the autoclave can be moved. Between in parallel next to each other arranged tracks 3a, the heating area 9 can be a support or Partition 10 have which are provided with openings can, so that the chamber spaces 9 partitioned thereby atmospheric communicate with each other. Above the hardening car 5 receiving heating area 9 is a heating area 11 formed in the heat heating chamber 8. In the heating area 11 are movable aerated concrete molds 12 with located floating and stiffening aerated concrete. The AAC forms are movable on tracks 13, the tracks 13 with respect to the rolling direction or its longitudinal extent are arranged above parallel to the tracks 3a.

Due to the different spatial shapes and dimensions of the Aircrete casting molds and the hardening car have the tracks 13 other gauge than the tracks 3a, so that for example three rows of porous concrete molds arranged side by side 12 in the heating area 11 over two rows arranged side by side of hardening car 5 are placed on tracks or rails 3a.

Between the heating area 11 and the heating area 9 can also a partition 14 may be arranged, which in particular adjustable passages for the flow of for the Warm up still sufficient thermal energy heating medium from the heating area 9, so that the heating area 11 with the heating medium from the heating area 9 are metered can.

The rails or tracks 13 of the heating area 11 are for example with a supporting stand construction above of the heating area 9 arranged. A partition 14 can be omitted if the heat balances or the heating / heating medium exchange between the heating room 9 and the heating room 11 accordingly are designed so that the thermal energy for the heating room 11 required or desired energy. Regarding the longitudinal extension of the heating-heating chamber 8 is in the end region 15 facing the autoclave 2 along a Kippkranbahn 17a movable tilting crane 17 and in the autoclave 2 opposite end region 16 a transverse crane 18 along a Cross crane track 18a is provided movably. Below the Cross crane track 18 is a transfer platform 19, the Sliding direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the rails 3a, 13 of the Heat-heating chamber 8 is aligned. In addition to a long side of the Heat-heating chamber 8 is a cooling section 21 with a track 20 provided on which the drawn from the autoclave, done steam-hardened aerated concrete cake 6 on hardening trolley 5 for cooling be turned off. The track 20 of the cooling section 21 is approximately as long as the heating chamber 8 and can on the Autoclave facing side of the transfer table 7 and on the opposite side of the transfer table 19 are driven.

The cooling section 21 can be provided with a cladding 22, which results in a cooling tunnel 23. Between the crane runways 17a, 18a is next to the heating chamber 8 and next to the Cooling section 21 a saw station 24 stationed, the die Saw station 24 integrating functional section 25 with a track 26 is equipped and has about the same length as that Heat heating chamber 8 or the cooling section 21 and consequently in the End regions also from the tipping crane 17 along the tipping crane route 17a and traversed the cross crane 18 along the cross crane route 18a can be.

With further extension of the crane tracks 17a, 18a is parallel to Heat-heating chamber 8, the cooling section 21 and the functional section 25, which has the sawing station 24, another Functional route 27 is provided, on which a Cleaning station 28, an oil station 29 and a filling station 30 for aerated concrete molds are arranged one behind the other.

The track 20 of the cooling section 21 extends over the Cross crane runway 18, where there is a next to the track 20 Unloading, separation and packaging station 31 for Aerated concrete blocks is arranged.

Next to the filling station 30 is a mixer 32 with a spout 33 stationed. The sawing station 24 or the is expedient Functional section 25 with saw station 24 and the functional section 27 with the filling station 30 at an elevated level 34 above the bottom plate 35, which is usually existing substructures 36 for removing breakage or spilled aerated concrete mass also still over the base plate 35 are arranged.

The functioning of such an aerated concrete production plant is explained below. An empty aerated concrete form 12 will in the area of the tipping crane section 17a to the functional section 27 set, driven into the cleaning station 28 and cleaned, then further moved into the oil station 29, oiled and then brought to the filling station 30 and filled with aerated concrete mass. The filled aerated concrete mold 12 is in the area of the transverse crane section 18a and there with the transverse crane 18 to the level the heating area 11 raised and on one of the tracks 13 in The area of the transverse crane section 18a of the heating area 11 is offset and moved into the heating area 11 of the heating heating chamber 8. The aerated concrete mold 12 with aerated concrete mass passes together with other filled shapes gradually the heat area 11 until it has passed through the heating area 11 and in the area of Tipping crane route 17a is pushed onto a track 13. The aerated concrete form 12 with ready-set aerated concrete mass is there from Tipping crane 17 added and towards the track 26 of the functional section 25 procedure. Here, the aerated concrete form becomes 12 µm Tilted 90 °. After the aerated concrete mold 12 with the hardness floor 12a remaining side wall is placed on the track 26, the remaining aerated concrete parts down to the hardness floor 12a pulled up and next to the track 26 with one of the Unloading station 31 coming hardness floor 12a to a new one AAC 12 recombined and then back to the Functional route 27 set.

The aerated concrete cake 6 resting on the hardness base 12a is opened the track 26 of the functional section 25 into the sawing station 24 retracted and sawed there in the desired formats. Of the On the exit side of the sawing station 24, the hardness floor reaches the cut cellular concrete cake in the area of the transverse crane section 18a. It is picked up there by the transverse crane 18a and onto one free curing car 5 discontinued. Are three of them AAC 6 placed on a hardening carriage 5, this is Hardening carriage 5 with the transfer platform 19 in the area of one of the Tracks 3a of the heating area 9 of the heating chamber 8 pushed and then transversely to the transfer platform 19 into the heating area 9 retracted. The sliding platform 19 can be part of the spatial Heating area. In the entrance and exit areas of the Heating area 11 and the heating area 9 can locks or Gates (not shown) may be arranged due to the heat loss and / or train effects can be avoided.

The hardening carriage 5, each with three hardening trays 12a, on which the Store AAC 6, are in the heating area 11 of the heating chamber 8 on each of the tracks 3a to a hardening wagon train collected and heated for a predetermined time.

Is an autoclave 2 free, which is aligned in extension of one Track 3a is arranged, the complete hardening wagon train can the sliding platform 7 moved directly into the autoclave become. Is a staggered to a occupied track 3a Autoclave 2 free, the hardening wagon train with the Transfer platform 7 is placed on the adjacent track 3 and in the Autoclaves inserted. Then steam curing takes place of the entire train in the autoclave 2, being by the previous Heat treatment and the subsequent heat treatment itself Autoclave treatment of e.g. usually 12 hours on e.g. 8 hours reduced.

After steam curing, the curing car 5 from the Autoclave 2 driven on the transfer table 7, individually with the Transfer platform 7 in the area of the track 20 of the cooling section 21 move and pushed onto the cooling section 21. On the Cooling section 21 is finally the complete hardening wagon train one of the autoclaves 2 parked.

After a sufficient cooling time, the hardening car 5 with the Hardness floors 12a and the hardened aerated concrete cake thereon 6 over the transfer platform 19 to the other Side of the transfer table 19 moved so that it is in the area the unloading station 31 arrive. In the area of the unloading station 31 the hardened aerated concrete blocks from the hard floors 12a removed and fed to the packaging. The unloaded Hardening trolleys 5 are used to re-equip them with hardness floors 12a procedure; likewise the hard floors 12a become one Hard floor buffer section 38 move between the Functional section 25 and the functional section 27 is arranged, and for recombination with aerated concrete parts in the area the tipping crane route 17 ready.

In a modified embodiment of an inventive System 1 for the production of aerated concrete is the heat-heating chamber trained in such a way that the warming up and heating up in one Space takes place on combined tracks, being due to the different track width of the hardening car 5 and AAC 12 tracks 3a with the smaller track width are arranged between the tracks 13 of larger track width (Fig. 5, 6). For example, three are combined in this way Track lines arranged side by side. In this plant 1 are the cooling section 21, the heating chamber 8, the functional section 25 with saw station 24, the hardness floor buffer section 38 and the Functional route 27 i.w. same length and in that order arranged parallel to each other. In extension of the Tracks 20 of the cooling section 21 and tracks 3a and 13 respectively Cooling section 21 adjacent track sections of the heat-heating chamber 8 are two autoclaves 2 of equal length lying side by side set up, between the autoclaves 2 and the cooling section 21 or the heat-heating chamber 8, a transfer table 7 is arranged which extends as far along the heat heating chamber 8, that the track 20 of the cooling section 21 and all tracks 3a and 13th the heating chamber 8 can be run. On the other Side of the cooling section 21 or the chamber 8 is already in described a same sliding platform 19 is provided.

In this embodiment, the heat heating chamber 8 is first filled with aerated concrete molds 12. After tying under The forms are exposed to heat e.g. individually and on tracks move the tipping crane section 17a and individually in already brought to the sawing station 24 in the manner described, and thereby by 90 ° tilted and sawn and transported as described. The Forms 12, e.g. from the track adjacent to the cooling section 21 the chamber 8 are withdrawn, are successively from the side the transfer table 19 ago replaced by hardening car 5 until this Line with a complete hardening wagon train for hardening in one of the two autoclaves has been completely delivered, the Material is heated on the hardening trolley. This approach is not mandatory because the sliding platforms 7, 19 also the others Tracks of the heating chamber and can reach one Autoclave filling or a hardening wagon train for an autoclave too with hardening wagons from various tracks can be put together and the transfer platform 19 the vacant spaces on each track can be filled again.

In a further embodiment of a system according to the invention The functional sections for producing aerated concrete are such arranged that a system 1 starting from a basic module is almost arbitrarily expandable (Fig. 7).

In this system, the heat area 11 is the heat heating chamber 8 arranged above the heating area 9, the heat heating chamber 8 aligned to the length of the autoclave in front of one Front of the autoclave 2 is arranged. Before the other The cooling section 21 is aligned with the end face of the autoclave 2 arranged so that the heat heating chamber 8, the autoclave 2 and the Cooling section 21 are arranged one behind the other. An autoclave 2 for the use in such a system is a so-called Continuous autoclave since it can be opened on both faces and can be driven through by hardening wagons.

To the side of the heating chamber 8 is the functional section 25 with saw 24 and next to the functional section 27 with Cleaning station 28, oil station 29 and filling station 30 set up. In their end area 15 facing the autoclave are the heat-heating chamber 8 and the functional lines 25 and 27 with a Tipping crane 17a can be driven over. On the opposite side of the Heat-heating chamber 8 is in the manner already described Cross crane 18 arranged which the heating chamber 8 or their Heat area 11 and functional sections 25, 27 along its Cross crane track 18a can depart. In the area of this transverse crane route a sliding platform 19 is arranged as already described. On the side next to the heating chamber 8 and the autoclave 2 extends a track section 42 for hardening car 5, the Track section 42 in the area of the chamber 8 between the chamber 8 and the functional section 25 is installed.

The filling station 30 is located in the cutting area of FIG Cross crane runway 18a and functional section 27. Between the autoclave 2 and the cooling section 21, a transfer table 7 is arranged, which hardening car 5 with hardened aerated concrete blocks from the Move track 20 of cooling section 21 to track section 42 can. Adjacent to and parallel to the tipping crane route 17a and laterally next to the autoclave 2 is transverse to this a tilting crane section 43 is arranged, with which hardened AAC blocks or hardness floors 5 from the route 42 to the Unloading station 31 arranged in the transverse crane section 43 can be moved. On the cross crane route 43 opposite side of the tipping crane section 17a is the Hardness floor buffer station 38 arranged in the hardness floors 5 across to the tipping crane section 17a from the unloading area via section 17a can be retracted.

The following is the operation of such a system explained. In the area of the tipping crane section 17a and the functional section 27 becomes an empty aerated concrete form 12 with a free one Hardness base 12a recombined to a complete form 12 Tilted 90 ° and placed on the functional route 27, where they in the cleaning station 28 is first cleaned, in the oil station 29 oiled and then in the area of the transverse crane section 19a the filling station 30 is filled. This filled aerated concrete mold 12 is with the transverse crane 18 in the direction of the heat region 11 Heat heating chamber 8 offset and raised, so that it on track 13 of the heating area located at the higher level 11 can be discontinued. The shape 12 passes through the heating area 11, is warmed and is on the opposite side in the Area of the tipping crane section 17a taken over by a tipping crane 17 and move to functional section 25, tilted by 90 ° and with the hardness floor 12a on the track 26 of the functional section 25 set. Then the hardness base 5 is stiffened with the AAC cake 6 is moved into the sawing station 24 and in there cut the desired formats and on the opposite side in the area of the cross crane 18 hazards. With the cross crane 18 three are cut AAC green compacts, which are stored on the hard floors 12a, in Area of the functional section 42 and the transfer platform 19 on one free hardening car 5 set in a row next to three.

Subsequently, the hardening carriage 5 equipped in this way Area of the track 3a of the heating area 9 of the heat-heating chamber 8 move and inserted into the heating area 9. This process repeats itself with other hardening cars until the Heating area 9 is filled with a complete hardening car train. The Heating treatment is carried out for a predetermined time. Then the hardening wagon train is completely in the autoclave 2 move, the autoclave 2 closed and the steam curing carried out.

On the other side of the autoclave 2 is the hardening wagon train pulled out after the steam curing over the sliding platform 7 and parked on the cooling section 21. After a sufficient The hardening wagons with the hardened aerated concrete are used for cooling the transfer platform 7 across the track 20 of the cooling section 21 on the Track 42, which is next to the autoclave 2 and the heating chamber 8 is arranged, proceed and from there to the area of Cross crane route 43 shifted. In the area of the transverse crane route 43 the hardened aerated concrete products from the hardening wagons withdrawn and move transversely into the unloading station 31. The empty ones Hardening car 5 will continue along route 42 next to the Move heating chamber 8 and parked there until it is again are needed.

Such a system can be expanded almost as you like results, for example, from Figure 8 by laterally parallel in addition to the first aligned combination of heat-heating chamber 8, Autoclaves 2 and cooling section 21 further such combinations each of a heat-heating chamber 8, an autoclave 2 and a cooling section 21 can be arranged at the same level, wherein the extension can also be carried out in such a way that the Heat heating chamber 8 is enlarged laterally and with several parallel tracks 3a, 13 is provided. The transfer table 7 and the tipping crane section 17a, the The sliding platform 19 and the transverse crane section 18a are used for this extended accordingly so that all newly added tracks 3, 3a, 20, 13 can be driven.

With such a system, it is advantageous that with a basic module, which is an aligned combination of a heating-heating chamber 8, an autoclave 2 and a cooling section 21 has, due to the room arrangement, the preheating and Heating also economical operation of the system low production output can be guaranteed. In addition, it is advantageous that this system, for example with increasing demand for hardened products almost can be expanded as required.

All systems according to the invention have in common that the Stands in front of the autoclaves are used for process steps, the overall design of the system, in particular the parallel one Arrangement of the functional sections next to the heating / heating chamber Creates systems with a small footprint. As a result of that the casting and sawing station arranged at an elevated level are, it is not necessary to install internally to be arranged so that considerable costs can be saved.

In all systems according to the invention, a heat bond is possible where the warming of the aerated concrete cake in the heating area with Waste heat from at least one autoclave and / or at least one Heating area and heating in the heating area with waste heat at least one autoclave or directly with steam at least one autoclave is accomplished. Furthermore can with the autoclave steam or from the heating area moisture, depending on requirements, also different Room humidity in the heating and / or heating area can be set. With the spatially one-piece heating chamber is a direct thermal coupling between heating and Warming area reached. In this heat-heating chamber you can expediently internals for targeted flow control of the gaseous heat medium may be provided so that from the Heating area heating medium flows into the heating area. The internals can baffles, chimneys or the like, in particular also Means to regulate the heat medium flow.

Within the scope of the invention it can also be provided that Heating area and the heating area with a heating heating chamber same or different thermal energy means act, the thermal energy means e.g. Hot air, Hot steam, warm air, hot steam or mixtures thereof can be. The thermal energy can also be generated by radiation and / or electrical Energy generated with radiators. The can also be used Waste heat from cooling lines.

Preferably at temperatures from 90 to 120 ° C, in particular heated to temperatures above 100 ° C and at temperatures of 40 to 70 ° C, especially warmed above 50 ° C.

Claims (33)

Plant for the production of lightweight building materials, in particular gas or aerated concrete, with a filling station (30), in which the aerated concrete mass is filled into molds, one or more heating chambers (11) into which the filled molds are placed and in which the blowing up and so-called setting or The aerated concrete mass is stiffened under the influence of thermal energy, a sawing station (24) into which the set aerated concrete cakes are then moved and in which they are cut into desired formats, one or more heating chambers (9) in which the cut aerated concrete cakes are introduced and stored under the influence of thermal energy , and one or more autoclaves (2) into which the cellular concrete cakes are inserted and subjected to steam curing, and a cooling section (21) onto which the hardened cellular concrete cakes are pushed for cooling, all devices (2,9,11,21,31 ) have functional lines equipped with rails,
marked by
at least one uniform heating chamber device (8) in which the aerated concrete sets under the influence of thermal energy and cut aerated concrete cakes are heated under the influence of thermal energy before steam curing. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating-heating chamber device (8) has a heating area (11) and a heating area (9). Installation according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the heating area (11) is arranged on one level with the heating area (9) and the heating area (11) and the heating area (9) are arranged in parallel next to each other on the same level. Installation according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the heating area (11) is arranged above the heating area (9). Installation according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that devices are provided which supply the waste heat from the heating area (11) to the heating area (9) in a controlled manner. Installation according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire installation is set up on ground-level foundation plates without foundation pits. System according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one modular combination in which an autoclave (2) and the heating area (9) also have a heating / heating chamber device (8) with a heating area (11) with respect to their longitudinal extent are aligned so that the heating area (9) of the heating chamber device (8) is arranged in front of the entrance of the autoclave (2) and the heating area (11) is preferably above the heating area (9). Installation according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling section (21) on the end face of the autoclave (2) opposite the heating area (9) with respect to its longitudinal extent with the autoclave (2) and the heating area (9) of the heat Heating chamber device (8) is arranged in alignment. System according to claim 7 and / or 8, characterized in that the functional section (25) with a saw (24) and the functional section (27) with cleaning station (28), oil station (29) and Filling station (30) is constructed. System according to one or more of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a tilting crane section (17) with a tilting crane (17a) is arranged in the end region of the heat-heating chamber device (8) and the functional sections (25, 27) facing the autoclave , so that the heating chamber device (8) and the functional sections (25, 27) with the tilting crane (17a) can be driven over. System according to one or more of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that a transverse crane (18) is arranged in the area of the heat-heating chamber (8) and the functional sections (25, 27) opposite the autoclave, which is the heat-heating device (8) or their heating area (11) and the functional sections (25, 27) can travel along its transverse crane track (18a). System according to claim 11, characterized in that a transfer table (19) is arranged in the area of the transverse crane section (18a). System according to one or more of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that a track section (42) for hardening wagons (5) extends to the side of the heat-heating chamber device (8) and the autoclave (2), the track section (42) in Area of the chamber (8) between the chamber (8) and the functional section (25) is installed. System according to one or more of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the filling station (30) is arranged in the cutting area of the transverse crane runway (18a) and the functional section (27). System according to one or more of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that a sliding platform (7) is arranged between the autoclave (2) and the cooling section (21), which transfer table (5) with hardened aerated concrete blocks from the track (20) of the Can move cooling section (21) on the track section (42). System according to one or more of claims 7 to 15, characterized in that a tipping crane section (43) is arranged adjacent to and parallel to the tipping crane section (17a) and laterally next to the autoclave (2), with which hardened aerated concrete blocks or Hardness floors (5) can be moved from the line (42) to the unloading station (31) arranged in the area of the transverse crane line (43). Installation according to one or more of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that a hardness floor buffer section (38) is arranged on the side of the tipping crane section (17a) opposite the transverse crane section (43), into which hardness floors (5) transverse to the tipping crane section (17a) from Unloading area can be retracted beyond the route (17a). Installation according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cooling section (21) is arranged in parallel next to the heat-heating chamber devices (8). System according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional sections with the heat-heating chamber device (8) and the stations in which the cellular concrete mass or the cellular concrete cake are processed, as well as their buffer sections and in particular also a hard floor buffer section (38) in parallel Aligned to each other and of approximately the same length and that a displacement device in particular a tilting crane (17), transverse crane (18) and / or sliding platforms (7, 19) are provided, which run or drive over the two end regions of the functional sections, so that the transfer devices can transfer molds and / or hardening cars from one functional section to another functional section. Plant according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that devices are provided which supply waste heat, in particular exhaust steam from one or more autoclaves (2) to at least one heat-heating chamber device (8). Process for producing lightweight building materials, in particular gas or aerated concrete, wherein an aerated concrete mass is filled into molds in which the mass floats and stiffens or sets by suitable means, the aerated concrete mass being expanded and stiffened in a heat chamber (11) is stored heated and the expanded and stiffened cellular concrete cakes are then first cut into the desired formats and then subjected to a heating treatment in a heating area (9) and then steam-hardened in an autoclave, characterized in that the heating of the cellular concrete mass and the heating of the cut cellular concrete cakes is carried out in a combined, uniform heating / heating chamber device (8). Process according to Claim 21, characterized in that waste heat, in particular exhaust steam, is used on one or more autoclaves for heating in the heating area (9). A method according to claim 21 and / or 22, characterized in that indirect heating is used for the heating. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that waste heat, in particular exhaust steam from one or more autoclaves (2) and / or the heating area (9), is used for the heated storage of the aerated concrete mass. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that for heating the aerated concrete mass indirect heating is used. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that in the heat-heating chamber device (8) the aerated concrete molds (12) are first warmed up with cast-in aerated concrete mass and, after cutting, the cut aerated green compacts are moved into the same room and heated there . Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the molds (12) filled with aerated concrete mass are first heated in a heating area (11) of the heating-heating chamber device (8), then cut and then in a heating area (9) Heat-heating chamber device (8) driven and heated there. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the heating area (9) of the heat-heating chamber device (8) is continuously filled with cellular concrete cake until an autoclave batch is present which, after the heat treatment has ended, is en bloc in the autoclave ( 2) is transferred, one or more tracks of a heating area (11) being used as a buffer section for at least one autoclave (2). Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 28, characterized in that the aerated concrete cakes in the heating area (9) are heated to 90 to 120 ° C, in particular above 100 ° C. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 29, characterized in that the aerated concrete mass in the molds (12) before cutting in the heating area (11) of the heating-heating chamber device (8) at 40 to 70 ° C, in particular at over 50 ° C be warmed. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that the steam hardening of the aerated concrete cakes in the autoclave is carried out under conventional conditions with regard to pressure and temperature over a period of only 7 to 9 hours. Method according to one or more of claims 21 to 31, characterized in that the hardened aerated concrete cakes are moved to a cooling section (21) after the autoclaving for cooling. A method according to claim 32, characterized in that the heat given off in the region of the cooling section (21) is supplied to the heating chamber device (8).

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