EP0918707B1 - Packaging for transporting hazardous materials - Google Patents

Packaging for transporting hazardous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0918707B1
EP0918707B1 EP97933733A EP97933733A EP0918707B1 EP 0918707 B1 EP0918707 B1 EP 0918707B1 EP 97933733 A EP97933733 A EP 97933733A EP 97933733 A EP97933733 A EP 97933733A EP 0918707 B1 EP0918707 B1 EP 0918707B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
flaps
packaging
box
lateral walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97933733A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0918707A2 (en
Inventor
Emmanuel Delmee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DS Smith Kaysersberg SAS
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Kaysersberg Packaging SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0918707A2 publication Critical patent/EP0918707A2/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/44—Integral, inserted or attached portions forming internal or external fittings
    • B65D5/50—Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents
    • B65D5/5028—Elements formed separately from the container body
    • B65D5/5035—Paper elements
    • B65D5/5045—Tubular lining and supporting elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packaging for the transport of dangerous goods such as chemicals or pharmaceuticals, toxic or flammable, etc. These hazardous materials in solid form and most often fluid, are packaged in containers such as bags, flasks or containers fragile which must be protected against impact.
  • the packaging provided for this purpose currently existing does not meet always the standards required for the transport of dangerous goods, with regard to relates in particular to impact resistance.
  • the known packages are of the type comprising a box of semi-rigid material, such as an American cardboard box, in which the containers are placed hazardous materials, and a bead or chip material, such as expanded polystyrene, distributed in the box and occupying the volume left between the containers and body walls.
  • a box of semi-rigid material such as an American cardboard box
  • a bead or chip material such as expanded polystyrene
  • French patent application No. 2,685,288 relates to cardboard packaging for fragile objects requiring protection against impact during transport.
  • This packaging includes a corrugated cardboard box of determined thickness in which is arranged a pair of shock absorbing bellows each consisting of a sheet of corrugated cardboard of determined thickness including a cutout allowing the nesting of the object to be protected in an opening formed by the lateral bands of the cutouts that hold objects laterally. This cut allows the constitution damping means in the vicinity of the bottom of the box.
  • the packaging includes besides an upper padding allowing to press in specific places the upper part of the object to be packaged. This rather complex packaging does not allow to pack as a unit object.
  • the subject of French patent application N ° 2 687 370 is packaging in cardboard for fragile objects, consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped box and an inner box formed by folding a cardboard blank having a central part rectangular, corresponding to the bottom of the inner box, and four sides lateral whose dimensions correspond substantially to the external dimensions of the object to be packaged.
  • the central part has, along each of these edges lateral, at least one cut delimiting centering tabs extending laterally the central part, this being delimited by pre-grooved lines extending between the tabs.
  • Such packaging is provided for an object having specific dimensions and cannot be used to package other fragile products of different dimensions.
  • Other packaging includes elements made of composite material shock absorption.
  • French patent application No. 2 607 112 describes packaging parallelepiped in semi-rigid material, consisting of three elements including one element forms an outer shell of rectangular section designed to fit two other elements each constituting a tube of rectangular section and being arranged one inside the other to form a receptacle together, the two open sides of the internal element being closed by two of the faces of the external element. Both elements forming the receptacle are covered on their internal faces with a layer of shock absorbing material so that after introduction of the receptacle into the shell, the packaging has four side faces each having a single thickness of shock absorbing material and upper and lower faces having a double thickness of shock absorbing material.
  • This packaging requires the use of a composite material and is not, for the transport of hazardous materials, probably not sufficient to wedge the containers.
  • Each separation element includes a layer of semi-rigid material and a large layer of flexible material and anti-slip on one or both sides of the layer of semi-rigid material.
  • This flexible and non-slip material is for example a synthetic foam.
  • the subject of European patent application No. 0 460 942 is packaging for the transport of heavy and fragile items, including a breathable bag, preferably made of highly resistant to rupture material (antistatic plastic), containing particles of light but relatively rigid material, preferably having a high compressive strength. These particles are polymer beads (polystyrene) expanded or blown or even vermiculite beads.
  • the object to package is surrounded by bags as described above, inside a container such than a cardboard box, so that the weight of the object and the pressure exerted on the bags, by closing the cover of the box, causes the evacuation of air by the microporous walls of the bags.
  • the particles inside the bags thus form a essentially rigid body molded to the shape of the packaged object.
  • the bags prevent therefore the object to move inside the container.
  • this packaging seems advantageous in the particular case of a single object to be packaged.
  • German utility model No. 87 14 830 also describes envelopes air permeable, welded together and comprising a filling material such than expanded plastic or vermiculite chips.
  • German patent application No. 35 34 706 relates to a material used as an accessory means for packaging, allowing the transport of fragile objects in protecting them from shock and pressure.
  • This material can absorb liquids in case leakage and has the property of being a thermal insulator.
  • This material includes expanded phyllosilicates (vermiculite, perlite or synthetic inert hair material), small amounts of an organic or inorganic binder and a foaming agent which increases the surface area of the binder and forms a high viscosity foam, increasing thus the absorption capacity of the originally simply expanded phyllosilicates.
  • This material requires a special preparation process and therefore increases the overall cost of a package compared to a composition filling material simpler.
  • French Patent No. 328,757 relates to a cardboard box with an interior module.
  • the invention aims to overcome all of the drawbacks encountered with the packaging of the prior art, described above.
  • the object of the invention is more particularly to provide packaging for the transport of dangerous and fragile materials, which has properties exceptional shock absorption or damping and meets the conditions required standards required in the transport of dangerous goods.
  • the invention also aims to provide a packaging which offers a double impact insulation for hazardous materials transported.
  • the invention also aims to provide a packaging for transport different containers, shape, material (glass, metal, plastic) and different volume (for example from 0.5 to 5 liters). A large mass can thus be transported.
  • the invention also aims to provide a packaging which can adapt to the number of containers it contains, in other words which has elements modular and convertible, unlike most packaging for transport of dangerous or fragile cardboard materials, which are intended for shape and a given number of articles or containers, most often unitary.
  • the packaging according to the present invention can be qualified as universal packaging.
  • the packaging according to the present invention combines the possibility of being able transport hazardous materials and be able to pack a variable number of containers, by combining a shock absorbing packaging element with a material specific granular timing.
  • the material of filling is expanded vermiculite in the form of grains whose particle size ranges from about 0.3 to about 8 mm, preferably from about 1 to about 6 mm.
  • each of the side walls of the module form with another adjacent side wall, a cross with small sides, the latter separating the side walls of the module from the walls of the body.
  • the module comprises one or several removable partition panels in semi-rigid material such as cardboard. arranged inside the module, each separation panel forming with a wall lateral perpendicular, a cross.
  • two side walls parallel of the module are respectively provided with at least one width flap substantially equal to half the distance between the two side walls parallel and preferably at most equal to the height of a side wall, the flaps can be folded 90 ° towards the inside of the module to close an upper side or bottom of the module.
  • the packaging comprises at least two stacked modules.
  • the American body and the module are made of semi-rigid material and more particularly in corrugated cardboard.
  • the cardboard plates constituting the box and the module are formed of a double groove suitable for impact resistance, in particular shock absorption.
  • An example of double groove includes a first groove layer with a thickness of about 5 millimeters and a second layer of groove with a thickness of about 7 millimeters. This groove is chosen from preferably for the plates constituting the body.
  • Another example of fluting includes a first layer of groove with a thickness of approximately 3 millimeters and a second layer of groove with a thickness of approximately 4 millimeters. This other groove can be used for modules.
  • the filling material which has the function of wedging both containers placed inside the module as the module inside the box American, must also exhibit exceptional absorption properties to shocks.
  • the selected material is an expanded phyllosilicate and more particularly of expanded vermiculite.
  • Many other materials have been tested but do not not fill, in combination with the other packaging elements according to the invention, the properties of resistance and shock absorption. These others materials are for example polystyrene in different densities and shapes (for chips and stars), popcorn kernels, or bran.
  • Expanded vermiculite is a material of mineral origin. It is mainly composed of aluminum silicates, magnesium and iron. Natural rock is in the form of flakes and consists of mica-type sheets, separated by two layers of water molecules. Expanded vermiculite is obtained by exfoliating, by heat treatment (around 900 ° C), the flakes which turn into grains.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle size distribution between about 0.3 and about 8 millimeters, preferably between about 1 and about 6 millimeters. Even more preferably, this particle size varies in the range from about 1.4 to about 4 millimeters.
  • An advantageous property of expanded vermiculite is its very light mass, facilitating its handling and the transport of packages comprising this filling material.
  • the density is in the range from about 70 to about 90 kg / m 3 , preferably about 80 kg / m 3 .
  • Its melting point is around 1300 ° C.
  • This material also has the property of being non-flammable. It is non-toxic. It is a very good thermal insulator. It is unalterable and rot-proof.
  • it also has an advantageous property for packaging according to the invention, it has a significant capacity for absorbing liquids.
  • the water absorption capacity is from about 175 to about 470, and preferably at least 260 grams of water per liter of vermiculite.
  • An example of expanded vermiculite is the product sold under the name VERMEX by the company EFISOL.
  • Box 1 consists of a bottom 3, four side walls 4, 5, 6 and 7 extended respectively by four flaps 8, 9, 10 and 11 which, when folded at 90 ° by relative to the respective planes of the side walls, towards the inside of the body, form the cover of the latter.
  • Module 2 includes four side walls 12, 13, 14 and 15. These walls are assembled in pairs to form a cross.
  • One end of the wall lateral 12, for example, is fixed perpendicular to one end of the wall lateral 13, the two walls forming a cross or a cross 16 with short sides 12a for the wall 12 and 13a for the wall 13.
  • These short sides separate the walls side 12 and 13 of module 2 of side walls 4 and 5 of the American body 1.
  • the braces are for example produced by means of cutouts forming notches in the side walls of the module.
  • Module 2 thus assembled has a rectangular section or square. Placed in box 1, its main functions are to absorb shocks by notably protecting the corners of the box and insulating the material containers dangerous, from the body walls.
  • FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, which incorporates the elements described in the previous embodiment, in their principles, namely the American body, a module formed by assembling cross of four side walls and expanded vermiculite.
  • the packaging includes an American box 20 shown in 2A of appropriate dimensions (in particular of sufficient height) to contain two modules 21 and 22 shown in 2B and 2C respectively.
  • the two modules 21 and 22 are made up of identical elements.
  • the module 21 comprises four side walls 23, 24, 25 and 26 assembled in a cross.
  • the modules 21 and 22 also include a removable partition panel 27, arranged parallel to the side walls 23 and 25 inside the module 21 or 22 and of height h 1 less than the height h 2 of the side walls 23 and 25
  • This separation panel 27 forms with each of the perpendicular side walls 24 and 25, a cross.
  • the short sides of the separation panel 27, on either side of the side walls 24 and 26, also make it possible to separate the side walls 24 and 26 of the modules 21 and 22, of the side walls 5 and 7 of the American body.
  • the cross-pieces are also formed here by cutouts forming notches in the regions located at each of the ends of the partition panel 27 and in the middle region of each of the side walls 24 and 26.
  • the side walls 24 and 26, perpendicular to the partition panel 27, are each extended on one side, by two adjacent flaps 30, 31 and 32, 33. These flaps can be folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of their respective wall, to close the upper face of the module 21.
  • the main characteristic of these flaps 30 to 33 is to have a width 1 substantially equal to half the distance d separating the two parallel side walls 24 and 26.
  • the width 1 of the flaps is at most equal, and preferably substantially equal to the height h 2 of the side walls.
  • the flaps 30 and 31 of the same side wall 24 can fold towards the inside of the module on either side of the partition panel 27.
  • the module 22 is equivalent to the module 21, but its position is reversed with respect to that of the module 21, the upper face of one corresponding to the lower face of the other.
  • Each of the parallel side walls 24 and 26 is extended, on the side opposite the flaps 30, 31 and 32, 33 respectively, by a single flap 35 and 36 whose width 1 is substantially equal to half the distance d separating the parallel walls 24 and 26.
  • flaps 35 and 36 can also be folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of each of their side wall 24 and 26, towards the inside of the module 22 to close the upper face of the latter.
  • flaps 35 and 36 also have the particularity of each comprising a small flap 37 and 38 which, folded 90 ° upwards outside the module, constitute a locking system when the flaps 35 and 36 are folded to close the upper face of the module 22.
  • the width hr of these small flaps 37 and 38 is substantially equal to the difference between the height h 2 of the side walls 23 and 25 and the height h 1 of the partition panel 27.
  • each flaps 37 and 38 is greater than the length L of the flaps 35 and 36 so as to form a tongue 40, 40 'and 41, 41' at each end of a flap 37 or 38.
  • Cut-outs 42 and 43 are provided respectively in the upper middle part of the parallel side walls 23 and 25, to receive the tongues 40, 40 'and 41, 41' of each of the flaps 37 and 38.
  • the two small flaps 37 and 38 therefore come, face against face, place in each of the cutouts 42, 43 and 45, afi n to lock the closure of the upper face of the module 22 in FIG. 2C.
  • the flaps 35 and 36 are cut at the level of the crosspieces located at the intersection of the side walls so as to isolate the upper face formed by the flaps 35 and 36 from the cover of the body 20.
  • the height of the walls lateral 24 and 26 once the flaps 35 and 36 thus cut and folded 90 ° towards the interior of the module 22, is substantially equal to the height h 1 of the partition panel 27.
  • This packaging comprising the two modules makes it possible to offer two storage spaces per module and therefore four for the assembly, the flaps 35 and 36 being in the folded position 90 ° towards the inside of the module, closing the upper side of the 2B module and the side bottom of module 2C.
  • the containers are placed inside the storage as well formed, preferably one container for storage. Expanded vermiculite under grain form is poured into the package to fill the entire volume residual inside the box 20, between the walls of the box and the side walls of each of the modules 21 and 22, and inside the modules 21 and 22 where are arranged the containers, between the walls of the modules and the containers.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the flaps 30 to 33 are folded 180 ° relative to the plane of their respective side wall, towards the outside of modules 21 and 22.
  • the separation panel 27 of each of the modules 21 and 22 constituting a single separation plane inside the two superimposed modules.
  • the packaging comprising these two modules 21 and 22 thus folded and stacked, offers two storage for containers having a greater height than the containers packed in the modules according to Figure 2.
  • the flaps 30 to 33 thus folded 180 ° towards the outside of the modules, reinforce the side walls 24 and 26.
  • the intermediate modules may not have flaps 35 and 36, flaps 30 to 33 being in a folded position at 180 ° C relative to the plane of their side wall, towards outside the module.
  • FIG. 4 represents yet another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention.
  • This packaging includes a parallelepipedic American box 50, a first module 51, a second module 52 and expanded vermiculite distributed in all the residual volume of the packaging, once the containers have been placed inside the modules.
  • the box 50 shown in 4A comprises a bottom wall 53, four side walls 54, 55, 56 and 57.
  • the side walls 54 to 57 have flaps, respectively 58 to 61, which when folded at 90 ° to the plane of their wall lateral, towards the inside of the box, close the upper face of the box.
  • Shutters parallels 59 and 61 here have a cutout on their outer edge. These two parts allow the four flaps to be crossed by folding them to close the box 50.
  • the two modules 51 and 52 each include four basic side walls, 62, 63, 64 and 65, assembled two by two at their ends by forming braces, as has already been described.
  • Each module further comprises two removable partition panels 66 and 67.
  • the first partition panel 66 is mounted parallel to the parallel side walls 62 and 64, inside the module 51.
  • This partition panel 66 has a height h 3 less than the height h 4 of the walls side 62 to 65.
  • This separation panel 66 forms with each of the side walls 65 and 66, a cross.
  • the other partition panel 67 is mounted parallel to the side walls 63 and 65 and perpendicular to the first partition panel 66.
  • This second partition panel forms braces with each of the parallel side walls 62 and 64.
  • a brace is also formed at the intersection of the two partition panels 66 and 67. All the short sides formed by the cross-pieces at the intersection of two side walls or of a side wall and of a partition panel, make it possible to isolate the side walls 62 to 65 of the modules 51 and 52, of the side walls 54 to 57 of the American box 50.
  • the removable separation panels each consist of two sheets of corrugated cardboard. Two plates constituting the same panel can in fact result from the folding in half of a single large plate with the appropriate dimensions.
  • the separation panels have a reinforced thickness compared to the side walls of the modules which can keep a simple thickness.
  • the parallel side walls 63 and 65 each comprise a flap, respectively 68 and 69, which can bend at 90 ° relative to the plane of their respective side wall, to close the upper face of the module 51
  • the flaps 68 and 69 have a width 1 substantially equal to half the distance d separating the two parallel side walls 63 and 65. In addition, this width 1 is at most equal and preferably equal to the height h 4 of the walls side.
  • FIG. 4C illustrates the module 52 comprising the same elements as the module 51, with the difference that it is disposed in an inverted or inverted position relative to the module 51.
  • the two flaps 68 and 69 shown in the figure 4B closing the upper face of the module 51, close in FIG. 4C the lower face of the module 52.
  • the flaps 68 and 69 of each of the modules 51 and 52 once folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of their wall lateral, constitute a separation between the two modules 51 and 52 superimposed in these particular positions.
  • the two plates constituting the separation panel 67 each comprises a flap 70 and 71. These flaps 70 and 71 are parallel to the flaps 68 and 69 of the side walls 63 and 65.
  • the width 1 of the flaps 70 and 71 is substantially equal to half the distance d which separates the two parallel side walls 63 and 65.
  • the flaps 70 and 71 fold at 90 ° relative to the plane of the partition panel 67, towards the interior of the module 52, to close the upper face of the latter.
  • These flaps 70 and 71 are further cut at the angles 72 of the plates of the partition panel 67, near the cross-pieces formed by the panel 67 and each of the side walls 62 and 64, so that, once folded at 90 °, isolate the face upper part of module 52, flaps 58 to 61 forming the cover of the box 50.
  • Each flap 70 and 71 has a small flap respectively 74 and 75 which, folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of each flap 70 and 71, once that these same flaps are folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of the partition panel 67 towards the interior of the module 52, constitutes a locking system.
  • the width hr of these small flaps 74 and 75 is substantially equal to the difference between the height h 4 of the side walls 62 and 64 and the height h 3 of the partition panels 66 and 67.
  • the length Lr of each flap 74 and 75 is greater than the length L of the flaps 70 and 71 so as to form a tongue 76 and 77 at each end of a flap.
  • Cut-outs are provided in the upper part of the ends of the parallel side walls 62 and 64, near the cross-pieces, so as to be able to receive the tongues 76 and 77 of the flaps.
  • a tongue, for example 77 is housed in the cutout provided at the corner of the wall 62 near the cross located at the intersection of the walls 62 and 65 and the flap 74 is facing the side wall 65, so to lock the shutter 70 in the folded position at 90 ° relative to the partition panel 67.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the packaging shown in Figure 4.
  • the flaps 68 and 69 are folded 180 ° relative to the plane of their side wall 63 and 65, towards the outside of each of the modules 51 and 52.
  • the flaps 68 and 69 thus folded reinforce the side walls 63 and 65.
  • the packaging thus formed, then offers four storage spaces in total, each storage having a height over two modules. If other modules were superimposed on the previous two, a new module would for example be placed on module 52, with a ride height 50 appropriate, so that the bottom of this new module is securely closed by shutters like the shutters closing the upper face of the module 52.
  • the packaging according to the invention has the advantages, from a unique concept comprising modules and removable elements, being able to form several packaging to contain containers in variable number and volume all ensuring exceptional shock absorption properties.
  • Shock absorption tests were carried out as follows. Three series packaging according to the embodiments shown respectively in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 were used for these tests.
  • a first series of basic packaging such as that shown in FIG. 1, is prepared according to the modalities of the test.
  • Two containers of hazardous materials, in the form of glass bottles, are each placed in a plastic film bag such than polyethylene.
  • the bags are closed with a tie such as a twisted wire or a polyamide fiber tape (such as the material sold under the brand Rilsan).
  • the two closed bags are placed next to each other, at a distance at least 15 millimeters from each other, in module 2 itself arranged at inside the box 1.
  • Expanded vermiculite is then distributed in all empty spaces remaining between the bags and the side walls 12 to 15 of module 2, and in the remaining empty spaces between the side walls 12 to 15 of the module 2 and the bottom 3, the side walls 4 to 7 and the shutters 8 to 11 closed forming a cover, of the body 1.
  • each package of the second series such as that shown in Figure 2
  • four bags each wrapping a container of hazardous materials, are prepared under the same conditions as those described above.
  • the containers have a height less than 150 millimeters.
  • a bag is placed for storage, so two per module. Expanded vermiculite is distributed throughout the residual volume at inside each module and inside the box containing the two modules.
  • the test is carried out on five packages of each series.
  • a packaging falls flat on the side corresponding to the box cover. Another packaging falls flat on the bottom of the box. Another package falls flat on a side wall of the box. Yet another package falls flat on a wall side of the body, arranged perpendicular to the side wall previously mentioned. A last package falls on a corner of the box.
  • the packages according to the invention have very good shock absorption and fill the standards required for the transportation of hazardous materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A packaging for transporting hazardous materials in one or more containers is disclosed. Said packaging includes a box (1) made of a semi-rigid material such as cardboard; at least one module (2) made of a semi-rigid material such as cardboard and including at least four side interconnected walls (12, 13, 14, 15), said module (2) having a substantially rectangular cross-section and being arranged inside said box (1) and spaced from the walls (4, 5, 6, 7) thereof, while said containers are arranged inside the module; and a filler material made of expanded phyllosilicates, preferably expanded vermiculite, which fills all of the remaining space inside said box (1) and said module (2) containing said hazardous material containers. The production of cardboard packagings, and the use thereof, particularly for packaging hazardous chemicals, are also disclosed.

Description

L'invention concerne un emballage pour le transport de matières dangereuses telles que des produits chimiques ou des produits pharmaceutiques, toxiques ou inflammables, etc. Ces matières dangereuses sous forme solide et le plus souvent fluide, sont conditionnées dans des contenants tels que sacs, flacons ou récipients fragiles qu'il faut protéger contre les chocs.The invention relates to a packaging for the transport of dangerous goods such as chemicals or pharmaceuticals, toxic or flammable, etc. These hazardous materials in solid form and most often fluid, are packaged in containers such as bags, flasks or containers fragile which must be protected against impact.

Les emballages prévus à cet effet existant actuellement ne satisfont pas toujours les normes exigées pour le transport des matières dangereuses, en ce qui concerne en particulier la résistance aux chocs.The packaging provided for this purpose currently existing does not meet always the standards required for the transport of dangerous goods, with regard to relates in particular to impact resistance.

Les emballages connus sont du type comprenant une caisse en matériau semi-rigide, telle qu'une caisse américaine en carton, dans laquelle sont placés les récipients de matières dangereuses, et un matériau en billes ou en chips, par exemple du polystyrène expansé, réparti dans la caisse et occupant le volume laissé entre les récipients et les parois de la caisse.The known packages are of the type comprising a box of semi-rigid material, such as an American cardboard box, in which the containers are placed hazardous materials, and a bead or chip material, such as expanded polystyrene, distributed in the box and occupying the volume left between the containers and body walls.

D'autres emballages en matériau semi-rigide sont plus complexes ou ne sont adaptés que pour une taille d'objet spécifique à emballer.Other semi-rigid packaging is more complex or is not suitable only for a specific object size to be packaged.

La demande de brevet français N° 2 685 288 concerne un emballage en carton pour objets fragiles nécessitant une protection contre les chocs durant le transport. Cet emballage comprend une boíte en carton ondulé d'épaisseur déterminée dans laquelle est disposée une paire de soufflets amortisseurs constitués chacun par une feuille de carton ondulé d'épaisseur déterminée comportant une découpe permettant l'emboítage de l'objet à protéger dans une ouverture constituée par les bandes latérales de la découpe qui maintiennent les objets latéralement. Cette découpe permet la constitution de moyens d'amortissement au voisinage du fond de la boíte. L'emballage comprend en outre un rembourrage supérieur permettant de presser en des endroits déterminés la partie supérieure de l'objet à emballer. Cet emballage assez complexe ne permet d'emballer qu'un objet unitaire.French patent application No. 2,685,288 relates to cardboard packaging for fragile objects requiring protection against impact during transport. This packaging includes a corrugated cardboard box of determined thickness in which is arranged a pair of shock absorbing bellows each consisting of a sheet of corrugated cardboard of determined thickness including a cutout allowing the nesting of the object to be protected in an opening formed by the lateral bands of the cutouts that hold objects laterally. This cut allows the constitution damping means in the vicinity of the bottom of the box. The packaging includes besides an upper padding allowing to press in specific places the upper part of the object to be packaged. This rather complex packaging does not allow to pack as a unit object.

La demande de brevet français N° 2 687 370 a pour objet un emballage en carton pour objets fragiles, constitué par une boíte extérieure parallélépipédique et par une boíte intérieure formée par pliage d'un flan en carton présentant une partie centrale de forme rectangulaire, correspondant au fond de la boíte intérieure, et quatre faces latérales dont les dimensions correspondent sensiblement aux dimensions extérieures de l'objet à emballer. La partie centrale présente, le long de chacun de ces bords latéraux, au moins une découpe délimitant des languettes de centrage prolongeant latéralement la partie centrale, celle-ci étant délimitée par des lignes pré-rainées s'étendant entre les languettes. Un tel emballage est prévu pour un objet ayant des dimensions spécifiques et ne peut pas servir à emballer d'autres produits fragiles de dimensions différentes.The subject of French patent application N ° 2 687 370 is packaging in cardboard for fragile objects, consisting of a rectangular parallelepiped box and an inner box formed by folding a cardboard blank having a central part rectangular, corresponding to the bottom of the inner box, and four sides lateral whose dimensions correspond substantially to the external dimensions of the object to be packaged. The central part has, along each of these edges lateral, at least one cut delimiting centering tabs extending laterally the central part, this being delimited by pre-grooved lines extending between the tabs. Such packaging is provided for an object having specific dimensions and cannot be used to package other fragile products of different dimensions.

D'autres emballages comportent des éléments en matériau composite amortissant les chocs.Other packaging includes elements made of composite material shock absorption.

La demande de brevet français N° 2 607 112 décrit un emballage parallèlépipédique en matériau semi-rigide, constitué de trois éléments dont un élément forme une coque extérieure de section rectangulaire prévue pour s'adapter à deux autres éléments chacun constituant un tube de section rectangulaire et étant disposés l'un à l'intérieur de l'autre pour former ensemble un réceptacle, les deux faces ouvertes de l'élément interne étant fermées par deux des faces de l'élément externe. Les deux éléments formant le réceptacle sont recouverts sur leurs faces internes d'une couche de matériau absorbant les chocs si bien qu'après introduction du réceptacle dans la coque, l'emballage présente quatre faces latérales chacune ayant une seule épaisseur de matériau absorbant les chocs et des faces supérieure et inférieure ayant une double épaisseur de matériau absorbant les chocs. Cet emballage nécessite l'utilisation d'un matériau composite et n'est, pour le transport de matières dangereuses, vraisemblablement pas suffisant pour caler les récipients.French patent application No. 2 607 112 describes packaging parallelepiped in semi-rigid material, consisting of three elements including one element forms an outer shell of rectangular section designed to fit two other elements each constituting a tube of rectangular section and being arranged one inside the other to form a receptacle together, the two open sides of the internal element being closed by two of the faces of the external element. Both elements forming the receptacle are covered on their internal faces with a layer of shock absorbing material so that after introduction of the receptacle into the shell, the packaging has four side faces each having a single thickness of shock absorbing material and upper and lower faces having a double thickness of shock absorbing material. This packaging requires the use of a composite material and is not, for the transport of hazardous materials, probably not sufficient to wedge the containers.

La demande de brevet européen N°0 512 888 concerne des éléments de séparation pour l'emballage d'articles fragiles. Chaque élément de séparation comprend une couche d'un matériau semi-rigide et une couche importante d'un matériau souple et antiglissant sur une ou les deux faces de la couche en matériau semi-rigide. Ce matériau souple et antiglissant est par exemple une mousse synthétique. Ces éléments de séparation ne pourront pas toujours absorber de très grands chocs dans le transport de matières dangereuses et caler les contenants dans lesquels sont conditionnées ces dernières.European patent application No. 0 512 888 relates to elements of separation for packaging fragile items. Each separation element includes a layer of semi-rigid material and a large layer of flexible material and anti-slip on one or both sides of the layer of semi-rigid material. This flexible and non-slip material is for example a synthetic foam. These elements will not always be able to absorb very large shocks in transport hazardous materials and block the containers in which these past.

D'autres brevets décrivent des emballages utilisant des matériaux de remplissage, absorbant les chocs.Other patents describe packaging using materials of filling, shock absorbing.

La demande de brevet européen N° 0 460 942 a pour objet un emballage pour le transport d'articles lourds et fragiles, comprenant un sac perméable à l'air, de préférence en matériau très résistant à la rupture (en plastique antistatique), contenant des particules en matériau léger mais relativement rigide, ayant de préférence une résistance élevée à la compression. Ces particules sont des billes de polymère (polystyrène) expansées ou soufflées ou encore des billes de vermiculite. L'objet à emballer est entouré de sacs tels que décrits ci-dessus, à l'intérieur d'un contenant tel qu'une boíte en carton, de manière à ce que le poids de l'objet et la pression exercée sur les sacs, en fermant le couvercle de la boíte, entraíne l'évacuation de l'air par les parois microporeuses des sacs. Les particules à l'intérieur des sacs forment ainsi un corps essentiellement rigide moulé à la forme de l'objet emballé. Les sacs empêchent donc l'objet de bouger à l'intérieur du contenant. Cependant, cet emballage semble avantageux dans le cas particulier d'un objet unique à emballer.The subject of European patent application No. 0 460 942 is packaging for the transport of heavy and fragile items, including a breathable bag, preferably made of highly resistant to rupture material (antistatic plastic), containing particles of light but relatively rigid material, preferably having a high compressive strength. These particles are polymer beads (polystyrene) expanded or blown or even vermiculite beads. The object to package is surrounded by bags as described above, inside a container such than a cardboard box, so that the weight of the object and the pressure exerted on the bags, by closing the cover of the box, causes the evacuation of air by the microporous walls of the bags. The particles inside the bags thus form a essentially rigid body molded to the shape of the packaged object. The bags prevent therefore the object to move inside the container. However, this packaging seems advantageous in the particular case of a single object to be packaged.

Le modèle d'utilité allemand N° 87 14 830 décrit également des enveloppes perméables à l'air, soudées entre-elles et comprenant un matériau de remplissage tel que des chips en plastique expansé ou en vermiculite.German utility model No. 87 14 830 also describes envelopes air permeable, welded together and comprising a filling material such than expanded plastic or vermiculite chips.

La demande de brevet allemand N° 35 34 706 concerne un matériau utilisé comme moyen accessoire pour l'emballage, permettant le transport d'objets fragiles en les protégeant des chocs et des pressions. Ce matériau peut absorber les liquides en cas de fuite et a pour propriété d'être un isolant thermique. Ce matériau comprend des phyllosilicates expansés (vermiculite, perlite ou matériau capillaire inerte synthétique), de faibles quantités d'un liant organique ou inorganique et un agent moussant qui augmente la surface du liant et forme une mousse de grande viscosité, augmentant ainsi la capacité d'absorption des phyllosilicates à l'origine simplement expansés. Ce matériau nécessite un procédé de préparation particulier et augmente par conséquent le coût global d'un emballage par rapport à un matériau de remplissage de composition plus simple.German patent application No. 35 34 706 relates to a material used as an accessory means for packaging, allowing the transport of fragile objects in protecting them from shock and pressure. This material can absorb liquids in case leakage and has the property of being a thermal insulator. This material includes expanded phyllosilicates (vermiculite, perlite or synthetic inert hair material), small amounts of an organic or inorganic binder and a foaming agent which increases the surface area of the binder and forms a high viscosity foam, increasing thus the absorption capacity of the originally simply expanded phyllosilicates. This material requires a special preparation process and therefore increases the overall cost of a package compared to a composition filling material simpler.

Le brevet français N° 328 757 concerne une caisse en carton avec un module intérieur.French Patent No. 328,757 relates to a cardboard box with an interior module.

L'invention a pour but de pallier l'ensemble des inconvénients rencontrés avec les emballages de l'art antérieur, décrits précédemment.The invention aims to overcome all of the drawbacks encountered with the packaging of the prior art, described above.

L'invention a plus particulièrement pour but de fournir un emballage pour le transport de matières dangereuses et fragiles, qui présente des propriétés exceptionnelles d'absorption ou amortissement des chocs et remplit les conditions requises des normes exigées dans le transport des matières dangereuses.The object of the invention is more particularly to provide packaging for the transport of dangerous and fragile materials, which has properties exceptional shock absorption or damping and meets the conditions required standards required in the transport of dangerous goods.

L'invention a aussi pour but de fournir un emballage qui offre une double isolation contre les chocs pour les matières dangereuses transportées.The invention also aims to provide a packaging which offers a double impact insulation for hazardous materials transported.

L'invention a encore pour but de fournir un emballage permettant de transporter différents contenants, de forme, matériau (verre, métal, plastique) et volume (par exemple de 0,5 à 5 litres) différents. Une masse importante peut ainsi être transportée.The invention also aims to provide a packaging for transport different containers, shape, material (glass, metal, plastic) and different volume (for example from 0.5 to 5 liters). A large mass can thus be transported.

L'invention a également pour but de fournir un emballage qui peut s'adapter au nombre de contenants qu'il contient, en d'autres termes qui comporte des éléments modulaires et transformables, à la différence de la plupart des emballages pour le transport des matières dangereuses ou fragiles en carton, qui sont prévus pour une forme et un nombre donnés d'articles ou de contenants, le plus souvent unitaires.The invention also aims to provide a packaging which can adapt to the number of containers it contains, in other words which has elements modular and convertible, unlike most packaging for transport of dangerous or fragile cardboard materials, which are intended for shape and a given number of articles or containers, most often unitary.

L'emballage selon la présente invention peut être qualifié d'emballage universel.The packaging according to the present invention can be qualified as universal packaging.

L'emballage selon la présente invention réunit la possibilité de pouvoir transporter des matières dangereuses et de pouvoir emballer un nombre variable de contenants, en combinant un élément d'emballage absorbant les chocs avec un matériau granulaire spécifique de calage.The packaging according to the present invention combines the possibility of being able transport hazardous materials and be able to pack a variable number of containers, by combining a shock absorbing packaging element with a material specific granular timing.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, l'emballage comprend :

  • une caisse parallèlépipédique en matériau semi-rigide tel que carton,
  • au moins un module en matériau semi-rigide tel que carton, comprenant au moins quatre parois latérales assemblées, ledit module de section sensiblement rectangulaire étant disposé à l'intérieur de ladite caisse, en retrait par rapport aux parois de ladite caisse, et le ou lesdits contenants étant disposés à l'intérieur du module, et
  • un matériau de remplissage en phyllosilicates expansés, de préférence vermiculite expansée, remplissant tout le volume résiduel à l'intérieur de ladite caisse et dudit module comportant le ou lesdits contenants de matières dangereuses.
According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the packaging comprises:
  • a parallelepipedic box made of semi-rigid material such as cardboard,
  • at least one module of semi-rigid material such as cardboard, comprising at least four assembled side walls, said module of substantially rectangular section being arranged inside said box, set back from the walls of said box, and the or said containers being arranged inside the module, and
  • a filling material made of expanded phyllosilicates, preferably expanded vermiculite, filling all the residual volume inside said box and said module comprising the said container or containers of hazardous materials.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le matériau de remplissage est de la vermiculite expansée sous forme de grains dont la granulométrie varie d'environ 0,3 à environ 8 mm, de préférence d'environ 1 à environ 6 mm.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the material of filling is expanded vermiculite in the form of grains whose particle size ranges from about 0.3 to about 8 mm, preferably from about 1 to about 6 mm.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chacune des parois latérales du module, forme avec une autre paroi latérale adjacente, un croisillon avec des petits côtés, ces derniers séparant les parois latérales du module, des parois de la caisse.According to another characteristic of the invention, each of the side walls of the module, form with another adjacent side wall, a cross with small sides, the latter separating the side walls of the module from the walls of the body.

Selon encore une caractéristique de l'invention, le module comprend un ou plusieurs panneaux de séparation amovibles en matériau semi-rigide tel que carton. disposés à l'intérieur du module, chaque panneau de séparation formant avec une paroi latérale perpendiculaire, un croisillon.According to another characteristic of the invention, the module comprises one or several removable partition panels in semi-rigid material such as cardboard. arranged inside the module, each separation panel forming with a wall lateral perpendicular, a cross.

Selon une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, deux parois latérales parallèles du module sont munies respectivement d'au moins un volet de largeur sensiblement égale à la moitié de la distance séparant les deux parois latérales parallèles et de préférence au plus égale à la hauteur d'une paroi latérale, les volets pouvant être pliés à 90° vers l'intérieur du module pour fermer une face supérieure ou inférieure du module.According to an additional characteristic of the invention, two side walls parallel of the module are respectively provided with at least one width flap substantially equal to half the distance between the two side walls parallel and preferably at most equal to the height of a side wall, the flaps can be folded 90 ° towards the inside of the module to close an upper side or bottom of the module.

Selon une caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse, l'emballage comprend au moins deux modules superposés.According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, the packaging comprises at least two stacked modules.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture détaillée de la description qui suit en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un mode de réalisation de l'emballage selon l'invention, où apparaissent, de manière dissociée, une caisse américaine 1A et un module 1B ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'emballage selon l'invention, où apparaissent, de manière dissociée, une caisse américaine 2A, un premier module 2B et un second module 2C;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'une variante du mode de réalisation représenté en figure 2 où la position de certains volets des modules est différente ;
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en perspective d'encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'emballage selon l'invention, où apparaissent, de manière dissociée, une caisse américaine 4A, un premier module 4B et un second module 4C ; et
  • la figure 5 représente une vue en perspective d'une variante du mode de réalisation représenté en figure 4 où la position de certains volets des modules est différente.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of an embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, where there appears, in a separate manner, an American box 1A and a module 1B;
  • FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, in which appear, in a separate manner, an American box 2A, a first module 2B and a second module 2C;
  • 3 shows a perspective view of a variant of the embodiment shown in Figure 2 where the position of certain components of the modules is different;
  • FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, in which appear, in a separate manner, an American box 4A, a first module 4B and a second module 4C; and
  • 5 shows a perspective view of a variant of the embodiment shown in Figure 4 where the position of certain components of the modules is different.

Le choix et la sélection des matériaux constituant les différentes parties de l'emballage selon l'invention, sont importants pour obtenir l'ensemble des propriétés requises.The choice and selection of materials constituting the different parts of the packaging according to the invention are important for obtaining all of the properties required.

La caisse américaine et le module sont réalisés en matériau semi-rigide et plus particulièrement en carton ondulé.The American body and the module are made of semi-rigid material and more particularly in corrugated cardboard.

De préférence, les plaques de carton constituant la caisse et le module sont formées d'une double cannelure appropriée pour la résistance aux chocs, notamment l'amortissement des chocs. Un exemple de double cannelure comprend une première couche de cannelure d'une épaisseur d'environ 5 millimètres et une seconde couche de cannelure d'une épaisseur d'environ 7 millimètres. Cette cannelure est choisie de préférence pour les plaques constituant la caisse. Un autre exemple de cannelure comprend une première couche de cannelure d'une épaisseur d'environ 3 millimètres et une seconde couche de cannelure d'une épaisseur d'environ 4 millimètres. Cette autre cannelure peut être utilisée pour les modules.Preferably, the cardboard plates constituting the box and the module are formed of a double groove suitable for impact resistance, in particular shock absorption. An example of double groove includes a first groove layer with a thickness of about 5 millimeters and a second layer of groove with a thickness of about 7 millimeters. This groove is chosen from preferably for the plates constituting the body. Another example of fluting includes a first layer of groove with a thickness of approximately 3 millimeters and a second layer of groove with a thickness of approximately 4 millimeters. This other groove can be used for modules.

Le matériau de remplissage qui a pour fonction de caler aussi bien les contenants placés à l'intérieur du module que le module à l'intérieur de la caisse américaine, doit également présenter des propriétés exceptionnelles d'absorption aux chocs. Le matériau sélectionné est un phyllosilicate expansé et plus particulièrement de la vermiculite expansée. De nombreux autres matériaux ont été testés mais ne remplissaient pas, en combinaison avec les autres éléments de l'emballage selon l'invention, les propriétés de résistance et amortissement aux chocs. Ces autres matériaux sont par exemple le polystyrène sous différentes densités et formes (par exemple chips et étoiles), les grains de maïs soufflés, ou le son.The filling material which has the function of wedging both containers placed inside the module as the module inside the box American, must also exhibit exceptional absorption properties to shocks. The selected material is an expanded phyllosilicate and more particularly of expanded vermiculite. Many other materials have been tested but do not not fill, in combination with the other packaging elements according to the invention, the properties of resistance and shock absorption. These others materials are for example polystyrene in different densities and shapes (for chips and stars), popcorn kernels, or bran.

La vermiculite expansée est un matériau d'origine minérale. Elle est essentiellement composée de silicates d'aluminium, de magnésium et de fer. La roche naturelle se présente sous forme de paillettes et est constituée de feuillets de type mica, séparés par deux couches de molécule d'eau. La vermiculite expansée est obtenue en exfoliant, par traitement thermique (aux environ de 900° C), les paillettes qui se transforment en grains. La vermiculite expansée a une granulométrie se répartissant entre environ 0,3 et environ 8 millimètres, de préférence entre environ 1 et environ 6 millimètres. Encore plus préférentiellement, cette granulométrie varie dans l'intervalle allant d'environ 1,4 à environ 4 millimètres. Une propriété avantageuse de la vermiculite expansée est sa masse très légère, facilitant sa manipulation et le transport des emballages comprenant ce matériau de remplissage. En effet, sa masse volumique est comprise dans l'intervalle allant d'environ 70 à environ 90 kg/m3, de préférence d'environ 80 kg/m3. Son point de fusion est d'environ 1300° C. Ce matériau a également pour propriété d'être ininflammable. Il est non toxique. C'est un très bon isolant thermique. Il est inaltérable et imputrescible. Enfin, il présente encore une propriété avantageuse pour l'emballage selon l'invention, il a une capacité importante d'absorption des liquides. La capacité d'absorption en eau est d'environ 175 à environ 470, et de préférence d'au moins 260 grammes d'eau par litre de vermiculite. Un exemple de vermiculite expansée est le produit commercialisé sous le nom VERMEX par la société EFISOL.Expanded vermiculite is a material of mineral origin. It is mainly composed of aluminum silicates, magnesium and iron. Natural rock is in the form of flakes and consists of mica-type sheets, separated by two layers of water molecules. Expanded vermiculite is obtained by exfoliating, by heat treatment (around 900 ° C), the flakes which turn into grains. The expanded vermiculite has a particle size distribution between about 0.3 and about 8 millimeters, preferably between about 1 and about 6 millimeters. Even more preferably, this particle size varies in the range from about 1.4 to about 4 millimeters. An advantageous property of expanded vermiculite is its very light mass, facilitating its handling and the transport of packages comprising this filling material. Indeed, its density is in the range from about 70 to about 90 kg / m 3 , preferably about 80 kg / m 3 . Its melting point is around 1300 ° C. This material also has the property of being non-flammable. It is non-toxic. It is a very good thermal insulator. It is unalterable and rot-proof. Finally, it also has an advantageous property for packaging according to the invention, it has a significant capacity for absorbing liquids. The water absorption capacity is from about 175 to about 470, and preferably at least 260 grams of water per liter of vermiculite. An example of expanded vermiculite is the product sold under the name VERMEX by the company EFISOL.

En référence à la figure 1, représentant le mode de réalisation le plus simple et de base de l'emballage selon l'invention, l'emballage comprend trois principaux éléments :

  • une caisse parallèlépipédique 1 du type caisse américaine représentée en 1A, en carton ondulé,
  • un module 2 en carton ondulé représenté en 1B, de section sensiblement rectangulaire, disposé à l'intérieur de la caisse 1, et le ou les contenants de matières dangereuses étant disposés à l'intérieur de ce module 2, et
  • un matériau de remplissage (non représenté) sous forme de vermiculite expansée précédemment décrite, remplissant tout le volume résiduel à l'intérieur de la caisse 1 comportant le module 2 dans lequel est (sont) placé(s) le (les) contenant(s).
Referring to FIG. 1, representing the simplest and basic embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, the packaging comprises three main elements:
  • a parallelepipedic box 1 of the American box type shown in 1A, made of corrugated cardboard,
  • a module 2 of corrugated cardboard shown in 1B, of substantially rectangular section, placed inside the box 1, and the container or containers of hazardous materials being placed inside this module 2, and
  • a filling material (not shown) in the form of expanded vermiculite previously described, filling all the residual volume inside the box 1 comprising the module 2 in which is (are) placed (s) the container (s) ).

La caisse 1 est constituée d'un fond 3, de quatre parois latérales 4, 5, 6 et 7 prolongée respectivement de quatre rabats 8, 9, 10 et 11 qui, une fois pliés à 90° par rapport aux plans respectifs des parois latérales, vers l'intérieur de la caisse, forment le couvercle de cette dernière.Box 1 consists of a bottom 3, four side walls 4, 5, 6 and 7 extended respectively by four flaps 8, 9, 10 and 11 which, when folded at 90 ° by relative to the respective planes of the side walls, towards the inside of the body, form the cover of the latter.

Le module 2 comprend quatre parois latérales 12, 13,14 et 15. Ces parois sont assemblées deux à deux de façon à former un croisillon. Une extrémité de la paroi latérale 12, par exemple, est fixée perpendiculairement à une extrémité de la paroi latérale 13, les deux parois formant une croix ou un croisillon 16 avec des petits côtés 12a pour la paroi 12 et 13a pour la paroi 13. Ces petits côtés séparent les parois latérales 12 et 13 du module 2 des parois latérales 4 et 5 de la caisse américaine 1. Les croisillons sont par exemple réalisés au moyen de découpes formant encoches dans les parois latérales du module. Le module 2 ainsi assemblé a une section rectangulaire ou carrée. Placé dans la caisse 1, il a pour fonctions principales d'amortir les chocs en protégeant notamment les angles de la caisse et d'isoler les contenants de matières dangereuses, des parois de la caisse.Module 2 includes four side walls 12, 13, 14 and 15. These walls are assembled in pairs to form a cross. One end of the wall lateral 12, for example, is fixed perpendicular to one end of the wall lateral 13, the two walls forming a cross or a cross 16 with short sides 12a for the wall 12 and 13a for the wall 13. These short sides separate the walls side 12 and 13 of module 2 of side walls 4 and 5 of the American body 1. The braces are for example produced by means of cutouts forming notches in the side walls of the module. Module 2 thus assembled has a rectangular section or square. Placed in box 1, its main functions are to absorb shocks by notably protecting the corners of the box and insulating the material containers dangerous, from the body walls.

La figure 2 représente un autre mode de réalisation de l'emballage selon l'invention, qui reprend les éléments décrits dans le mode de réalisation précédent, dans leurs principes, à savoir la caisse américaine, un module formé par l'assemblage en croisillon de quatre parois latérales et de la vermiculite expansée.FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention, which incorporates the elements described in the previous embodiment, in their principles, namely the American body, a module formed by assembling cross of four side walls and expanded vermiculite.

Suivant le mode de réalisation représenté dans cette figure 2, l'emballage comprend une caisse américaine 20 représentée en 2A de dimensions appropriées (notamment de hauteur suffisante) pour contenir deux modules 21 et 22 représentés respectivement en 2B et 2C. According to the embodiment shown in this figure 2, the packaging includes an American box 20 shown in 2A of appropriate dimensions (in particular of sufficient height) to contain two modules 21 and 22 shown in 2B and 2C respectively.

Les deux modules 21 et 22 sont constitués d'éléments identiques. Sur la représentation 2B, le module 21 comprend quatre parois latérales 23, 24, 25 et 26 assemblées en croisillon. Les modules 21 et 22, comprennent de plus un panneau de séparation 27 amovible, disposé parallèlement aux parois latérales 23 et 25 à l'intérieur du module 21 ou 22 et de hauteur h1 inférieure à la hauteur h2 des parois latérales 23 et 25. Ce panneau de séparation 27 forme avec chacune des parois latérales perpendiculaires 24 et 25, un croisillon. Les petits côtés du panneau de séparation 27, de part et d'autre des parois latérales 24 et 26, permettent également de séparer les parois latérales 24 et 26 des modules 21 et 22, des parois latérales 5 et 7 de la caisse américaine. Les croisillons sont formés également ici par des découpes formant encoches dans les régions se situant à chacune des extrémités du panneau de séparation 27 et dans la région médiane de chacune des parois latérales 24 et 26.The two modules 21 and 22 are made up of identical elements. In the representation 2B, the module 21 comprises four side walls 23, 24, 25 and 26 assembled in a cross. The modules 21 and 22 also include a removable partition panel 27, arranged parallel to the side walls 23 and 25 inside the module 21 or 22 and of height h 1 less than the height h 2 of the side walls 23 and 25 This separation panel 27 forms with each of the perpendicular side walls 24 and 25, a cross. The short sides of the separation panel 27, on either side of the side walls 24 and 26, also make it possible to separate the side walls 24 and 26 of the modules 21 and 22, of the side walls 5 and 7 of the American body. The cross-pieces are also formed here by cutouts forming notches in the regions located at each of the ends of the partition panel 27 and in the middle region of each of the side walls 24 and 26.

En référence à la figure 2B, les parois latérales 24 et 26, perpendiculaires au panneau de séparation 27, sont chacune prolongées d'un côté, de deux volets adjacents 30,31 et 32,33. Ces volets peuvent être pliés à 90° par rapport au plan de leur paroi respective, pour fermer la face supérieure du module 21. Ces volets 30 à 33 ont pour principale caractéristique d'avoir une largeur 1 sensiblement égale à la moitié de la distance d séparant les deux parois latérales parallèles 24 et 26. De plus, la largeur 1 des volets est au plus égale, et de préférence sensiblement égale à la hauteur h2 des parois latérales. Les volets 30 et 31 d'une même paroi latérale 24 peuvent se plier vers l'intérieur du module de part et d'autre du panneau de séparation 27.With reference to FIG. 2B, the side walls 24 and 26, perpendicular to the partition panel 27, are each extended on one side, by two adjacent flaps 30, 31 and 32, 33. These flaps can be folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of their respective wall, to close the upper face of the module 21. The main characteristic of these flaps 30 to 33 is to have a width 1 substantially equal to half the distance d separating the two parallel side walls 24 and 26. In addition, the width 1 of the flaps is at most equal, and preferably substantially equal to the height h 2 of the side walls. The flaps 30 and 31 of the same side wall 24 can fold towards the inside of the module on either side of the partition panel 27.

En référence à la figure 2C, le module 22 est équivalent au module 21, mais sa position est inversée par rapport à celle du module 21, la face supérieure de l'un correspondant à la face inférieure de l'autre. Les volets 30 à 33 de chacun des modules 21 et 22, en position pliée à 90° vers l'intérieur de chacun des modules, constituent une séparation entre les deux modules et permet d'isoler les contenants qui sont disposés à l'intérieur d'un module, des contenants disposés dans l'autre module. Chacune des parois latérales parallèles 24 et 26 est prolongée, sur le côté opposé respectivement aux volets 30, 31 et 32, 33, d'un volet unique 35 et 36 dont la largeur 1 est sensiblement égale à la moitié de la distance d séparant les parois parallèles 24 et 26. Ces volets 35 et 36 peuvent également être pliés à 90° par rapport au plan de chacune de leur paroi latérale 24 et 26, vers l'intérieur du module 22 pour fermer la face supérieure de ce dernier. Ces volets 35 et 36 ont de plus pour particularité de comporter chacun un petit rabat 37 et 38 qui, pliés à 90° vers le haut à l'extérieur du module, constituent un système de verrouillage lorsque les volets 35 et 36 sont pliés pour refermer la face supérieure du module 22. La largeur hr de ces petits rabats 37 et 38 est sensiblement égale à la différence entre la hauteur h2 des parois latérales 23 et 25 et la hauteur h1 du panneau de séparation 27. La longueur Lr de chacun des rabats 37 et 38 est supérieure à la longueur L des volets 35 et 36 de façon à former une languette 40, 40' et 41, 41' à chacune des extrémités d'un rabat 37 ou 38. Des découpes 42 et 43 sont prévues respectivement dans la partie supérieure médiane des parois latérales parallèles 23 et 25, pour recevoir les languettes 40, 40' et 41, 41' de chacun des rabats 37 et 38. Les deux petits rabats 37 et 38 viennent donc, face contre face, se placer dans chacune des découpes 42, 43 et 45, afin de verrouiller la fermeture de la face supérieure du module 22 sur la figure 2C. Il est à noter que les volets 35 et 36 sont découpés au niveau des croisillons situés à l'intersection des parois latérales de manière à isoler la face supérieure formée par les volets 35 et 36, du couvercle de la caisse 20. La hauteur des parois latérales 24 et 26 une fois les volets 35 et 36 ainsi découpés et pliés à 90° vers l'intérieur du module 22, est sensiblement égale à la hauteur h1 du panneau de séparation 27.With reference to FIG. 2C, the module 22 is equivalent to the module 21, but its position is reversed with respect to that of the module 21, the upper face of one corresponding to the lower face of the other. The flaps 30 to 33 of each of the modules 21 and 22, in a position folded 90 ° towards the inside of each of the modules, constitute a separation between the two modules and makes it possible to isolate the containers which are arranged inside d 'a module, containers arranged in the other module. Each of the parallel side walls 24 and 26 is extended, on the side opposite the flaps 30, 31 and 32, 33 respectively, by a single flap 35 and 36 whose width 1 is substantially equal to half the distance d separating the parallel walls 24 and 26. These flaps 35 and 36 can also be folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of each of their side wall 24 and 26, towards the inside of the module 22 to close the upper face of the latter. These flaps 35 and 36 also have the particularity of each comprising a small flap 37 and 38 which, folded 90 ° upwards outside the module, constitute a locking system when the flaps 35 and 36 are folded to close the upper face of the module 22. The width hr of these small flaps 37 and 38 is substantially equal to the difference between the height h 2 of the side walls 23 and 25 and the height h 1 of the partition panel 27. The length Lr of each flaps 37 and 38 is greater than the length L of the flaps 35 and 36 so as to form a tongue 40, 40 'and 41, 41' at each end of a flap 37 or 38. Cut-outs 42 and 43 are provided respectively in the upper middle part of the parallel side walls 23 and 25, to receive the tongues 40, 40 'and 41, 41' of each of the flaps 37 and 38. The two small flaps 37 and 38 therefore come, face against face, place in each of the cutouts 42, 43 and 45, afi n to lock the closure of the upper face of the module 22 in FIG. 2C. It should be noted that the flaps 35 and 36 are cut at the level of the crosspieces located at the intersection of the side walls so as to isolate the upper face formed by the flaps 35 and 36 from the cover of the body 20. The height of the walls lateral 24 and 26 once the flaps 35 and 36 thus cut and folded 90 ° towards the interior of the module 22, is substantially equal to the height h 1 of the partition panel 27.

Cet emballage comprenant les deux modules permet d'offrir deux rangements par module et donc quatre pour l'ensemble, les volets 35 et 36 étant en position pliée à 90° vers l'intérieur du module, fermant la face supérieure du module 2B et la face inférieure du module 2C. Les contenants sont placés à l'intérieur des rangements ainsi formés, de préférence un contenant par rangement. La vermiculite expansée sous forme de grains est versée dans l'emballage de manière à remplir tout le volume résiduel à l'intérieur de la caisse 20, entre les parois de la caisse et les parois latérales de chacun des modules 21 et 22, et à l'intérieur des modules 21 et 22 où sont disposés les contenants, entre les parois des modules et les contenants.This packaging comprising the two modules makes it possible to offer two storage spaces per module and therefore four for the assembly, the flaps 35 and 36 being in the folded position 90 ° towards the inside of the module, closing the upper side of the 2B module and the side bottom of module 2C. The containers are placed inside the storage as well formed, preferably one container for storage. Expanded vermiculite under grain form is poured into the package to fill the entire volume residual inside the box 20, between the walls of the box and the side walls of each of the modules 21 and 22, and inside the modules 21 and 22 where are arranged the containers, between the walls of the modules and the containers.

La figure 3 illustre une variante du mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 2. Dans cette variante, les volets 30 à 33 sont pliés à 180° par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale respective, vers l'extérieur des modules 21 et 22. Dans ces conditions, lorsque les deux modules 21 et 22 sont superposés, il n'y a plus de séparation entre les modules, le panneau de séparation 27 de chacun des modules 21 et 22, constituant un unique plan de séparation à l'intérieur des deux modules superposés. L'emballage comprenant ces deux modules 21 et 22 ainsi pliés et superposés, offre deux rangements pour des contenants ayant une hauteur plus importante que les contenants emballés dans les modules suivant la figure 2. De plus, les volets 30 à 33 ainsi pliés à 180° vers l'extérieur des modules, viennent renforcer les parois latérales 24 et 26.FIG. 3 illustrates a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. In this variant, the flaps 30 to 33 are folded 180 ° relative to the plane of their respective side wall, towards the outside of modules 21 and 22. Under these conditions, when the two modules 21 and 22 are superimposed, there is no longer any separation between the modules, the separation panel 27 of each of the modules 21 and 22, constituting a single separation plane inside the two superimposed modules. The packaging comprising these two modules 21 and 22 thus folded and stacked, offers two storage for containers having a greater height than the containers packed in the modules according to Figure 2. In addition, the flaps 30 to 33 thus folded 180 ° towards the outside of the modules, reinforce the side walls 24 and 26.

On pourrait également prévoir des caisses ayant une hauteur suffisante pour recevoir plus de deux modules ainsi décrits (trois, voire quatre ou plus), selon le nombre et le volume de rangements souhaités pour l'emballage. Dans ce cas, les modules intercalaires peuvent ne pas comporter de volets 35 et 36, les volets 30 à 33 étant en position pliés à 180°C par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale, vers l'extérieur du module.We could also provide boxes with a sufficient height to receive more than two modules thus described (three, even four or more), depending on the number and volume of storage spaces desired for packaging. In this case, the intermediate modules may not have flaps 35 and 36, flaps 30 to 33 being in a folded position at 180 ° C relative to the plane of their side wall, towards outside the module.

La figure 4 représente encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'emballage selon l'invention. Cet emballage comprend une caisse américaine parallèlépipédique 50, un premier module 51, un second module 52 et de la vermiculite expansée répartie dans tout le volume résiduel de l'emballage, une fois les contenants disposés à l'intérieur des modules. La caisse 50 représentée en 4A comprend une paroi de fond 53, quatre parois latérales 54, 55, 56 et 57. Les parois latérales 54 à 57 comportent des volets, respectivement 58 à 61, qui une fois pliés à 90° par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale, vers l'intérieur de la caisse, ferment la face supérieure de la caisse. Les volets parallèles 59 et 61 présentent ici une découpe sur leur bord extérieur. Ces deux volets permettent de croiser les quatre volets en les pliant pour refermer la caisse 50.FIG. 4 represents yet another embodiment of the packaging according to the invention. This packaging includes a parallelepipedic American box 50, a first module 51, a second module 52 and expanded vermiculite distributed in all the residual volume of the packaging, once the containers have been placed inside the modules. The box 50 shown in 4A comprises a bottom wall 53, four side walls 54, 55, 56 and 57. The side walls 54 to 57 have flaps, respectively 58 to 61, which when folded at 90 ° to the plane of their wall lateral, towards the inside of the box, close the upper face of the box. Shutters parallels 59 and 61 here have a cutout on their outer edge. These two parts allow the four flaps to be crossed by folding them to close the box 50.

Les deux modules 51 et 52 comprennent chacun quatre parois latérales de base, 62, 63, 64 et 65, assemblées deux à deux en leurs extrémités en formant des croisillons, comme cela a déjà été décrit. Chaque module comprend de plus deux panneaux de séparation 66 et 67, amovibles. En référence à la figure 4B, le premier panneau de séparation 66 est monté parallèlement aux parois latérales parallèles 62 et 64, à l'intérieur du module 51. Ce panneau de séparation 66 a une hauteur h3 inférieure à la hauteur h4 des parois latérales 62 à 65. Ce panneau de séparation 66 forme avec chacune des parois latérales 65 et 66, un croisillon. L'autre panneau de séparation 67 est monté parallèlement aux parois latérales 63 et 65 et perpendiculairement au premier panneau de séparation 66. Ce second panneau de séparation forme des croisillons avec chacune des parois latérales parallèles 62 et 64. Un croisillon est également formé à l'intersection des deux panneaux de séparation 66 et 67. Tous les petits côtés formés par les croisillons à l'intersection de deux parois latérales ou d'une paroi latérale et d'un panneau de séparation, permettent d'isoler les parois latérales 62 à 65 des modules 51 et 52, des parois latérales 54 à 57 de la caisse américaine 50. De préférence, les panneaux de séparation amovibles sont chacun constitués de deux plaques de carton ondulé. Deux plaques constituant un même panneau peuvent en fait résulter du pliage en deux d'une seule grande plaque aux dimensions appropriées. Ainsi, les panneaux de séparation ont une épaisseur renforcée par rapport aux parois latérales des modules qui peuvent garder une simple épaisseur.The two modules 51 and 52 each include four basic side walls, 62, 63, 64 and 65, assembled two by two at their ends by forming braces, as has already been described. Each module further comprises two removable partition panels 66 and 67. With reference to FIG. 4B, the first partition panel 66 is mounted parallel to the parallel side walls 62 and 64, inside the module 51. This partition panel 66 has a height h 3 less than the height h 4 of the walls side 62 to 65. This separation panel 66 forms with each of the side walls 65 and 66, a cross. The other partition panel 67 is mounted parallel to the side walls 63 and 65 and perpendicular to the first partition panel 66. This second partition panel forms braces with each of the parallel side walls 62 and 64. A brace is also formed at the intersection of the two partition panels 66 and 67. All the short sides formed by the cross-pieces at the intersection of two side walls or of a side wall and of a partition panel, make it possible to isolate the side walls 62 to 65 of the modules 51 and 52, of the side walls 54 to 57 of the American box 50. Preferably, the removable separation panels each consist of two sheets of corrugated cardboard. Two plates constituting the same panel can in fact result from the folding in half of a single large plate with the appropriate dimensions. Thus, the separation panels have a reinforced thickness compared to the side walls of the modules which can keep a simple thickness.

En référence à la figure 4B, les parois latérales parallèles 63 et 65, comprennent chacune un volet, respectivement 68 et 69, qui peuvent se plier à 90° par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale respective, pour fermer la face supérieure du module 51. Les volets 68 et 69 ont une largeur 1 sensiblement égale à la moitié de la distance d séparant les deux parois latérales parallèles 63 et 65. De plus, cette largeur 1 est au plus égale et de préférence égale à la hauteur h4 des parois latérales.With reference to FIG. 4B, the parallel side walls 63 and 65, each comprise a flap, respectively 68 and 69, which can bend at 90 ° relative to the plane of their respective side wall, to close the upper face of the module 51 The flaps 68 and 69 have a width 1 substantially equal to half the distance d separating the two parallel side walls 63 and 65. In addition, this width 1 is at most equal and preferably equal to the height h 4 of the walls side.

La figure 4C illustre le module 52 comprenant les mêmes éléments que le module 51, à la différence près qu'il est disposé dans une position inversée ou retournée par rapport au module 51. En effet, les deux volets 68 et 69 représentés sur la figure 4B, fermant la face supérieure du module 51, ferment sur la figure 4C la face inférieure du module 52. Ainsi, les volets 68 et 69 de chacun des modules 51 et 52, une fois pliés à 90° par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale, constituent une séparation entre les deux modules 51 et 52 superposés dans ces positions particulières. Toujours en référence à la figure 4C, les deux plaques constituant le panneau de séparation 67, comporte chacune un volet 70 et 71. Ces volets 70 et 71 sont parallèles aux volets 68 et 69 des parois latérales 63 et 65. La largeur 1 des volets 70 et 71 est sensiblement égale à la moitié de la distance d qui sépare les deux parois latérales parallèles 63 et 65. Les volets 70 et 71 se plient à 90° par rapport au plan du panneau de séparation 67, vers l'intérieur du module 52, pour fermer la face supérieure de ce dernier. Ces volets 70 et 71 sont de plus découpés aux angles 72 des plaques du panneau de séparation 67, à proximité des croisillons formés par le panneau 67 et chacune des parois latérales 62 et 64, pour, une fois pliés à 90°, isoler la face supérieure du module 52, des volets 58 à 61 formant le couvercle de la caisse 50. Chaque volet 70 et 71 comporte un petit rabat respectivement 74 et 75 qui, plié à 90° par rapport au plan de chaque volet 70 et 71, une fois que ces mêmes volets sont pliés à 90° par rapport au plan du panneau de séparation 67 vers l'intérieur du module 52, constitue un système de verrouillage. La largeur hr de ces petits rabats 74 et 75 est sensiblement égale à la différence entre la hauteur h4 des parois latérales 62 et 64 et la hauteur h3 des panneaux de séparation 66 et 67. La longueur Lr de chaque rabat 74 et 75 est supérieure à la longueur L des volets 70 et 71 de façon à former une languette 76 et 77 à chaque extrémité d'un rabat. Des découpes sont prévues dans la partie supérieure des extrémités des parois latérales parallèles 62 et 64, à proximité des croisillons, de manière à pouvoir recevoir les languettes 76 et 77 des rabats. Une languette, par exemple 77, vient se loger dans la découpe prévue à l'angle de la paroi 62 à proximité du croisillon situé à l'intersection des parois 62 et 65 et le rabat 74 se place face à la paroi latérale 65, afin de verrouiller le volet 70 en position pliée à 90° par rapport du panneau de séparation 67.FIG. 4C illustrates the module 52 comprising the same elements as the module 51, with the difference that it is disposed in an inverted or inverted position relative to the module 51. Indeed, the two flaps 68 and 69 shown in the figure 4B, closing the upper face of the module 51, close in FIG. 4C the lower face of the module 52. Thus, the flaps 68 and 69 of each of the modules 51 and 52, once folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of their wall lateral, constitute a separation between the two modules 51 and 52 superimposed in these particular positions. Still with reference to FIG. 4C, the two plates constituting the separation panel 67, each comprises a flap 70 and 71. These flaps 70 and 71 are parallel to the flaps 68 and 69 of the side walls 63 and 65. The width 1 of the flaps 70 and 71 is substantially equal to half the distance d which separates the two parallel side walls 63 and 65. The flaps 70 and 71 fold at 90 ° relative to the plane of the partition panel 67, towards the interior of the module 52, to close the upper face of the latter. These flaps 70 and 71 are further cut at the angles 72 of the plates of the partition panel 67, near the cross-pieces formed by the panel 67 and each of the side walls 62 and 64, so that, once folded at 90 °, isolate the face upper part of module 52, flaps 58 to 61 forming the cover of the box 50. Each flap 70 and 71 has a small flap respectively 74 and 75 which, folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of each flap 70 and 71, once that these same flaps are folded at 90 ° relative to the plane of the partition panel 67 towards the interior of the module 52, constitutes a locking system. The width hr of these small flaps 74 and 75 is substantially equal to the difference between the height h 4 of the side walls 62 and 64 and the height h 3 of the partition panels 66 and 67. The length Lr of each flap 74 and 75 is greater than the length L of the flaps 70 and 71 so as to form a tongue 76 and 77 at each end of a flap. Cut-outs are provided in the upper part of the ends of the parallel side walls 62 and 64, near the cross-pieces, so as to be able to receive the tongues 76 and 77 of the flaps. A tongue, for example 77, is housed in the cutout provided at the corner of the wall 62 near the cross located at the intersection of the walls 62 and 65 and the flap 74 is facing the side wall 65, so to lock the shutter 70 in the folded position at 90 ° relative to the partition panel 67.

L'emballage ainsi monté avec les deux modules 51 et 52 superposés, offre huit rangements pour les contenants, quatre par module, les volets 70 et 71 étant pliés tel que mentionné précédemment.The packaging thus assembled with the two modules 51 and 52 superimposed, offers eight storage for containers, four per module, flaps 70 and 71 being folded as than previously mentioned.

La figure 5 illustre une variante de réalisation de l'emballage représenté à la figure 4. Ici, en référence aux figures 5B et 5C, les volets 68 et 69 sont pliés à 180° par rapport au plan de leur paroi latérale 63 et 65, vers l'extérieur de chacun des modules 51 et 52. Les volets 68 et 69 ainsi pliés viennent renforcer les parois latérales 63 et 65. Dans cette variante, il n'y a donc plus de séparation au niveau de la face supérieure du module 51 et de la face inférieure du module 52. L'emballage ainsi formé, offre alors quatre rangements au total, chaque rangement ayant une hauteur sur deux modules. Si d'autres modules étaient superposés aux deux précédents, un nouveau module serait par exemple placé sur le module 52, avec une hauteur de caisse 50 appropriée, de manière à ce que le fond de ce nouveau module soit bien fermé par des volets à l'image des volets fermant la face supérieure du module 52. FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the packaging shown in Figure 4. Here, with reference to Figures 5B and 5C, the flaps 68 and 69 are folded 180 ° relative to the plane of their side wall 63 and 65, towards the outside of each of the modules 51 and 52. The flaps 68 and 69 thus folded reinforce the side walls 63 and 65. In this variant, there is therefore no longer any separation at the face top of module 51 and the underside of module 52. The packaging thus formed, then offers four storage spaces in total, each storage having a height over two modules. If other modules were superimposed on the previous two, a new module would for example be placed on module 52, with a ride height 50 appropriate, so that the bottom of this new module is securely closed by shutters like the shutters closing the upper face of the module 52.

Un nombre infini de combinaisons pourraient être envisagé avec la superposition de plusieurs modules présentant un nombre équivalent ou différent de rangement, ou encore avec des paires de module ayant une séparation ou non entre eux.An infinite number of combinations could be envisaged with the superimposition of several modules with an equivalent or different number of storage, or with pairs of modules with or without separation between them.

D'autres variantes de réalisation utilisant des moyens équivalents, font également partie de l'invention.Other alternative embodiments using equivalent means, make also part of the invention.

L'emballage selon l'invention a pour avantages, à partir d'un concept unique comportant des modules et des éléments amovibles, de pouvoir former plusieurs emballages permettant de contenir des contenants en nombre et volume variable tout en assurant des propriétés d'amortissement aux chocs exceptionnelles.The packaging according to the invention has the advantages, from a unique concept comprising modules and removable elements, being able to form several packaging to contain containers in variable number and volume all ensuring exceptional shock absorption properties.

Des essais d'amortissement aux chocs ont été réalisés comme suit. Trois séries d'emballage suivant les modes de réalisation représentés respectivement aux figures 1, 2 et 4 ont été utilisés pour ces essais.Shock absorption tests were carried out as follows. Three series packaging according to the embodiments shown respectively in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 were used for these tests.

Une première série d'emballage de base tel que celui représenté à la figure 1, est préparée suivant les modalités de l'essai. Deux contenants de matières dangereuses, sous forme de bouteilles en verre, sont placés chacun dans un sac en film plastique tel que polyéthylène. Les sacs sont fermés avec un lien tel qu'un fil de fer torsadé ou un ruban en fibres de polyamide (tel que le matériau commercialisé sous la marque Rilsan). Les deux sacs ainsi fermés sont placés l'un à côté de l'autre, à une distance d'au minimum 15 millimètres l'un de l'autre, dans le module 2 lui-même disposé à l'intérieur de la caisse 1. De la vermiculite expansée est ensuite répartie dans tous les espaces vides restants entre les sacs et les parois latérales 12 à 15 du module 2, et dans les espaces vides restants entre les parois latérales 12 à 15 du module 2 et le fond 3, les parois latérales 4 à 7 et les volets 8 à 11 fermés formant couvercle, de la caisse 1.A first series of basic packaging such as that shown in FIG. 1, is prepared according to the modalities of the test. Two containers of hazardous materials, in the form of glass bottles, are each placed in a plastic film bag such than polyethylene. The bags are closed with a tie such as a twisted wire or a polyamide fiber tape (such as the material sold under the brand Rilsan). The two closed bags are placed next to each other, at a distance at least 15 millimeters from each other, in module 2 itself arranged at inside the box 1. Expanded vermiculite is then distributed in all empty spaces remaining between the bags and the side walls 12 to 15 of module 2, and in the remaining empty spaces between the side walls 12 to 15 of the module 2 and the bottom 3, the side walls 4 to 7 and the shutters 8 to 11 closed forming a cover, of the body 1.

Pour chaque emballage de la seconde série, tel que celui représenté en figure 2, quatre sacs enveloppant chacun un contenant de matières dangereuses, sont préparés dans les mêmes conditions que celles décrites précédemment. Les contenants ont une hauteur inférieure à 150 millimètres. Un sac est placé par rangement, donc deux par module. De la vermiculite expansée est répartie dans tout le volume résiduel à l'intérieur de chaque module et à l'intérieur de la caisse comportant les deux modules.For each package of the second series, such as that shown in Figure 2, four bags, each wrapping a container of hazardous materials, are prepared under the same conditions as those described above. The containers have a height less than 150 millimeters. A bag is placed for storage, so two per module. Expanded vermiculite is distributed throughout the residual volume at inside each module and inside the box containing the two modules.

Enfin, dans le cas de l'emballage représenté à la figure 4, pour la troisième série, huit sacs sont préparés exactement dans les mêmes conditions que celles décrites précédemment. Un sac est placé par rangement, par conséquent quatre par module.Finally, in the case of the packaging shown in Figure 4, for the third eight bags are prepared in exactly the same conditions as those described previously. A bag is placed for storage, therefore four per module.

L'essai est réalisé sur cinq emballages de chaque série.The test is carried out on five packages of each series.

On fait subir une chute de 1,80 mètre par emballage dans chaque série. Un emballage tombe à plat sur la face correspondant au couvercle de la caisse. Un autre emballage tombe à plat sur le fond de la caisse. Un autre emballage tombe à plat sur une paroi latérale de la caisse. Encore un autre emballage tombe à plat sur une paroi latérale de la caisse, disposée perpendiculairement à la paroi latérale précédemment mentionnée. Un dernier emballage tombe sur un angle de la caisse.There is a drop of 1.80 meters per package in each series. A packaging falls flat on the side corresponding to the box cover. Another packaging falls flat on the bottom of the box. Another package falls flat on a side wall of the box. Yet another package falls flat on a wall side of the body, arranged perpendicular to the side wall previously mentioned. A last package falls on a corner of the box.

En résultat de ces essais, aucune des bouteilles n'est brisée. Les emballages selon l'invention présentent un très bon amortissement aux chocs et remplissent les normes exigées dans le cadre du transport des matières dangereuses.As a result of these tests, none of the bottles are broken. The packages according to the invention have very good shock absorption and fill the standards required for the transportation of hazardous materials.

Claims (11)

  1. Packaging for the transport of hazardous materials packaged in one or more containers, characterized in that it comprises:
    a parallelepiped box (1, 20 or 50) made of a semi-rigid material such as cardboard,
    at least one module (2, 21 or 51) made of semi-rigid material such as cardboard, comprising at least four assembled lateral walls ((12, 13, 14 and 15); (23, 24, 25 and 26); or (62, 63, 64 and 65)), the said module (2, 21 or 51) with a substantially rectangular cross section being positioned inside the said box (1, 20 or 50), recessed with respect to the walls of the said box, and the said container or containers being positioned inside the module (2, 21 or 51), and
    a filling material made of expanded phyllosilicates, preferably expanded vermiculite, filling all the residual volume inside the said box (1, 20 or 50) and the said module (2, 21 or 51) carrying the container or containers of hazardous materials.
  2. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling material is expanded vermiculite in the form of grains of which the particle size varies from approximately 0.3 to approximately 8 mm, preferably from approximately 1 to approximately 6 mm.
  3. Packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforementioned expanded vermiculite has a density within the interval extending from approximately 70 to approximately 90 kg/m3.
  4. Packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the lateral walls (12, 23 or 62) of the said module (2, 21 or 51) forms, with another adjacent lateral wall (13, 24 or 63), a crosspiece (16) with small sides ((12a, 13a); (23a, 24a) or (62a, 63a)), the latter separating the lateral walls ((12, 13); (23, 24) or (62, 63)) of the said module (2, 21 or 51) from the lateral walls of the aforementioned box (1, 20 or 50).
  5. Packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said module (21 or 51) comprises one or more detachable separating panels ((27 or (66, 67)) made of a semi-rigid material such as cardboard, positioned inside the module (21 or 51), each separating panel ((27 or (66, 67)) forming a crosspiece with a perpendicular lateral wall (24 and 26) or ((63, 65); (62, 64)).
  6. Packaging according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that two parallel lateral walls ((24 and 26) or (63 and 65)) of the said module (21 or 51) are provided respectively with at least one flap ((30 and 32) or (68 and 69)) with a width l substantially equal to half the distance d separating the two aforementioned parallel lateral walls and preferably at most equal to the height h2 of a lateral wall, it being possible for the said flaps ((30 and 32) or 68 and 69)) to be folded through 90° towards the inside of the module (21 or 51) so as to close an upper or lower face of the said module.
  7. Packaging according to claim 6, characterized in that each of the two aforementioned parallel lateral walls (24, 26) are provided respectively with at least two flaps ((30, 35); (32, 36)) positioned either side of the said wall (24, 26), it being possible for all the flaps to be folded through 90° towards the inside of the module (21, 22) so as to close the lower and upper faces of the said module and in that the said module (21, 22) includes a single separating panel (27) positioned perpendicularly to the fold lines of the said flaps (30, 32, 35 and 36).
  8. Packaging according to claim 7, characterized in that the aforementioned parallel lateral walls (24 and 26) are provided on the one hand with a single flap (35, 36), and on the other hand with two adjacent flaps ((30, 31) and (32, 33)), it being possible for these two adjacent flaps to be folded through 90° towards the inside of the module so as to close one of the lower or upper faces of the said module either side of the separating panel (27) and to be folded through 180°C towards the outside of the module so as to reinforce the said parallel lateral walls (24, 26).
  9. Packaging according to claim 6, characterized in that the aforementioned module (51, 52) includes two perpendicular separating panels (66 and 67) forming a crosspiece, at least one of the separating panels (67) consisting of two sheets, each of the sheets being provided on one of its sides with a flap (70, 71), it being possible for each of the said flaps (70, 71) to be folded through 90° towards the inside of the module (51, 52) so as to close a lower or upper face of the said module, it being possible for the opposite upper or lower face of the said module to be closed by the flaps (68 and 69) integral with the two lateral walls (63 and 65) of the said module (51, 52) and parallel to the said separating panel (67) provided with flaps (70 and 71).
  10. Packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two superimposed modules ((21 and 22) or (51 and 52)).
  11. Packaging according to either of claims 8 or 9 and claim 10, characterized in that the two modules are superimposed so that the folding lines of the flaps ((30 to 33) or (68 and 69)) of the parallel lateral walls ((24 and 26) or (63 and 65)) of one module are contiguous with the folding lines of the corresponding flaps of the other module, it being possible for the said flaps to be folded either through 90° towards the inside of the module or through 180° towards the outside of the module.
EP97933733A 1996-07-19 1997-07-11 Packaging for transporting hazardous materials Expired - Lifetime EP0918707B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9609111 1996-07-19
FR9609111A FR2751308B1 (en) 1996-07-19 1996-07-19 PACKAGE FOR THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS MATERIALS AND MODULE FOR SUCH PACKAGING
PCT/FR1997/001301 WO1998003412A2 (en) 1996-07-19 1997-07-11 Packaging for transporting hazardous materials, and module therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0918707A2 EP0918707A2 (en) 1999-06-02
EP0918707B1 true EP0918707B1 (en) 2001-06-27

Family

ID=9494262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97933733A Expired - Lifetime EP0918707B1 (en) 1996-07-19 1997-07-11 Packaging for transporting hazardous materials

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0918707B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE202533T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ296799B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69705412T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2751308B1 (en)
HU (1) HU221766B1 (en)
PL (1) PL186550B1 (en)
RO (1) RO118412B1 (en)
SK (1) SK283992B6 (en)
WO (1) WO1998003412A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1145973A1 (en) * 2000-04-11 2001-10-17 Evotec BioSystems AG Transport packaging
GB0028250D0 (en) * 2000-11-20 2001-01-03 Smith David S Packaging A packing carton

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR328757A (en) * 1903-01-24 1903-07-18 Edmond Barthelet Box for packaging cheese and other products of similar consistency
GB265489A (en) * 1926-09-28 1927-02-10 Fred Clarke Improvements in or relating to boxes or like receptacles for packing fragile articles
US1986263A (en) * 1932-10-25 1935-01-01 Roes A Hatch Package
US2117678A (en) * 1937-11-11 1938-05-17 River Raisin Paper Company Carton
GB1097878A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-01-03 Prec Produce Specialists Inc Container with cardboard stacking cleats
DE8715584U1 (en) * 1987-11-13 1988-02-18 Burgi's Gmbh, 8430 Neumarkt, De
FR2649673B1 (en) * 1989-07-13 1991-12-13 Kaysersberg Sa ACCESSORY FOR PACKAGING FORMING SUPPORT
GB9012521D0 (en) * 1990-06-05 1990-07-25 Lilliput Lane Ltd Packaging
US5593087A (en) * 1995-08-24 1997-01-14 Riverwood International Corporation Open-top container with integral end panels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUP9902793A3 (en) 2000-07-28
HUP9902793A2 (en) 1999-12-28
DE69705412T2 (en) 2001-10-11
FR2751308A1 (en) 1998-01-23
DE69705412D1 (en) 2001-08-02
HU221766B1 (en) 2003-01-28
ATE202533T1 (en) 2001-07-15
EP0918707A2 (en) 1999-06-02
WO1998003412A3 (en) 1998-05-07
SK283992B6 (en) 2004-07-07
SK5199A3 (en) 1999-06-11
PL186550B1 (en) 2004-01-30
FR2751308B1 (en) 1998-09-18
WO1998003412A2 (en) 1998-01-29
PL331210A1 (en) 1999-07-05
CZ296799B6 (en) 2006-06-14
RO118412B1 (en) 2003-05-30
CZ9900172A3 (en) 2000-11-15

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