EP0914305B2 - Thermische sicherung - Google Patents

Thermische sicherung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0914305B2
EP0914305B2 EP97937498A EP97937498A EP0914305B2 EP 0914305 B2 EP0914305 B2 EP 0914305B2 EP 97937498 A EP97937498 A EP 97937498A EP 97937498 A EP97937498 A EP 97937498A EP 0914305 B2 EP0914305 B2 EP 0914305B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
temperature fuse
generating mixture
nitrate
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97937498A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0914305B1 (de
EP0914305A1 (de
Inventor
Klaus Redecker
Waldemar Weuter
Ulrich Bley
Dagmar Schmittner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26027671&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0914305(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG, Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0914305A1 publication Critical patent/EP0914305A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0914305B1 publication Critical patent/EP0914305B1/de
Publication of EP0914305B2 publication Critical patent/EP0914305B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to thermal fuses which can be used, for example, in gas generators for motor vehicle safety systems.
  • Gas-generating mixtures used in gas generators for motor vehicle safety systems are generally very thermally stable.
  • To the gas-generating mixture at high ambient temperature, for. so-called thermal fuses are used.
  • Such a fuse is necessary to avoid that the gas-generating mixture ignites spontaneously at exceptionally high temperatures.
  • the gas-producing mixture would namely not burn off normally, but accelerated accordingly due to the increased temperature and violently react explosively in unfavorable cases.
  • the generator housing is not designed for this accelerated, violent reaction and would be destroyed. A significant threat to the vehicle occupants would be the result.
  • the thermal fuse ensures that the reaction of the gas-generating mixture is thermally triggered far below this critical temperature. It prevents in such a case by their early implementation and controlled ignition of the gas-generating mixture, the destruction of the generator housing and the associated risks.
  • nitrocellulose or propellant charge powder derived therefrom is usually used as a thermal fuse.
  • the decisive disadvantage of nitrocellulose is that it begins to decompose slowly at temperatures that are not yet sufficient for the ignition. In extreme cases, the nitrocellulose completely decomposes. Your task as a thermal backup can then no longer meet. It has been tried to improve the thermal stability of nitrocellulose. However, these efforts are limited.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a thermal fuse which does not have the disadvantages of the nitrocellulose-based thermal fuse and has a high freedom of formulation.
  • the thermal fuses according to the invention are capable of igniting the gas-generating mixtures conventionally used in gas generators far below the critical temperature in a thermally controlled manner.
  • thermal fuses according to the invention it is possible to use substances or substance mixtures which have lower deflagration points or decomposition points than the actual gas-generating mixture.
  • the absolute height of the deflagration points or decomposition points of the thermal fuses according to the invention depends on the respective design and housing stability of the gas generator used. The more stable, for example, the generator housing, the higher can generally be these values for the thermal fuse according to the invention.
  • thermal fuses For the thermal fuses according to the invention, it is possible to use substances or mixtures of substances whose exothermic thermal decomposition takes place within a narrow temperature range.
  • the resulting heat of reaction must be sufficient to compensate for energy losses in the gas-generating mixture in order to achieve or exceed at least the necessary for the ignition of the gas-generating mixture activation energy.
  • substances which have a lower deflagration point or decomposition point than the gas-generating mixture used and decompose exothermically, can be used alone, without the addition of, for example, a fuel as a thermal fuse according to the invention.
  • the known explosives preferably calcium bistetrazol-amine, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), 5-aminotetrazolium nitrate, nitroguanidine (N1GU)), guanidine nitrate and bistetrazolamine, as a reducing agent
  • metal powder preferably titanium powder can be used.
  • the explosives as a thermal fuse according to the invention with lower deflagration or decomposition points than the gas-generating mixture used Guanidinnitrat or oxidizing agents such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, strontium, potassium perchlorate or mixtures of these oxidizing agents may be added to the deflagration points in addition to the substances already mentioned above and thus to influence the scope of the thermal fuse according to the invention.
  • Guanidinnitrat or oxidizing agents such as potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, strontium, potassium perchlorate or mixtures of these oxidizing agents may be added to the deflagration points in addition to the substances already mentioned above and thus to influence the scope of the thermal fuse according to the invention.
  • the thermal fuses used according to the invention can be used in various ways.
  • One application envisages introducing them homogeneously into the gas-generating mixture. Suitable for this purpose in particular the thermal fuses according to the invention, which do not or only insignificantly impair the actual characteristics of the gas-generating mixture.
  • the homogeneous distribution can be carried out by mixing methods known per se, for example by sieving, tumbling or tumbling the dry mixture or by kneading, extruding or extruding a moistened or solvent-containing mixture.
  • the addition of a binder is also possible.
  • the thermal fuses according to the invention may comprise from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, of the gas-generating mixture in this application.
  • Another application provides to separate the thermal fuses according to the invention in the generator housing of the actual gas-generating mixture. This application is always recommended if the thermal fuses used according to the invention impair the actual characteristics of the gas-generating mixture. Preferably, these thermal fuses according to the invention are provided in this application to thermally exposed areas of the generator housing. In this way, a safe triggering of the thermal fuse is ensured in external heating, whereby the controlled ignition of the gas-generating mixture is ensured.
  • the additives according to the invention can be used for example in the form of tablets. The preparation of such tablets is carried out according to known methods.
  • thermal fuses of the invention in the normal ignition device of the gas-generating mixture.
  • Two variants can be used: the thermal fuses according to the invention are homogeneously distributed in the igniter mixture or are separated therefrom, for example in the form of a tablet.
  • the purity of the substances used determines the time of thermal tripping, the grain size the locally released energy.
  • known per se processing aids such as talc, graphite or boron nitride can be used.
  • thermal fuses according to the invention can also be used for example in pressure or safety elements for triggering movements of mechanical elements.
  • the thermal fuses are compatible with the gas-generating mixture and its components and show a sufficient for the application, compared to nitrocellulose significantly improved temperature and storage stability.
  • the problem of slow decomposition at higher storage temperatures observed with nitrocellulose does not show thermal fuses of the invention. A thermal change in the required storage and operating temperatures could not be determined.
  • the specified mixture components were homogenized in the stated weight ratios in screw-down plastic containers in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes.
  • the characterization of the thermally initiatable properties was carried out by determining the deflagration point.
  • the determination of the deflagration point was carried out by 100 or 300 mg of a substance (depending on the severity of the reaction) was heated to a maximum of 400 ° C at a heating rate of 20 ° C per minute.
  • the deflagration point is the temperature at which a clear reaction takes place with evolution of gas or flame formation or even deflagration.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
EP97937498A 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Thermische sicherung Expired - Lifetime EP0914305B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19629227 1996-07-20
DE19629227 1996-07-20
DE19648809 1996-11-26
DE19648809 1996-11-26
PCT/EP1997/003836 WO1998003448A1 (de) 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Thermische sicherung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0914305A1 EP0914305A1 (de) 1999-05-12
EP0914305B1 EP0914305B1 (de) 2004-06-30
EP0914305B2 true EP0914305B2 (de) 2007-04-04

Family

ID=26027671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97937498A Expired - Lifetime EP0914305B2 (de) 1996-07-20 1997-07-17 Thermische sicherung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0914305B2 (cs)
AT (1) ATE270261T1 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ299764B6 (cs)
DE (2) DE59711752D1 (cs)
WO (1) WO1998003448A1 (cs)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6024889A (en) 1998-01-29 2000-02-15 Primex Technologies, Inc. Chemically active fire suppression composition
DE19805976C1 (de) * 1998-02-13 1999-04-29 Nigu Chemie Gmbh Frühzündpulver für thermische Sicherungen für Airbag-Gasgeneratoren
US6287400B1 (en) * 1999-03-01 2001-09-11 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Gas generant composition
FR2863608B1 (fr) * 2003-12-10 2006-02-17 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Propergol solide a liant polyether a comportement ameliore en vulnerabilite
DE102004057770B4 (de) * 2004-11-30 2008-07-31 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Pyrotechnische Zusammensetzung zur Verwendung als Frühzündmittel
FR2883868B1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2007-08-03 Davey Bickford Snc Compositions auto-initiatrices, initiateurs electriques utilisant de telles compositions et generateurs de gaz comportant de tels initiateurs
DE102009018944A1 (de) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-28 Takata-Petri Ag Verwendung einer gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung zum kontrollierten Auslösen bei thermischer Überbelastung
US20180127328A1 (en) 2014-11-10 2018-05-10 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Thermal pre-ignition agent
DE102017118416A1 (de) 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Pyrotechnische Trenneinrichtung, System zum elektrischen Laden einer elektrischen Energiezelle, Mobilgerät und Ladegerät
FR3097546B1 (fr) * 2019-06-24 2021-09-24 Arianegroup Sas Composition pyrotechnique génératrice de gaz

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4931112A (en) † 1989-11-20 1990-06-05 Morton International, Inc. Gas generating compositions containing nitrotriazalone
US5034072A (en) † 1985-06-28 1991-07-23 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs 5-oxo-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole in gunpowder and propellant compositions
US5139588A (en) † 1990-10-23 1992-08-18 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Composition for controlling oxides of nitrogen
DE4231377A1 (de) † 1992-09-21 1994-03-24 Dynamit Nobel Ag Nitrotriazolon für Zündmittelzwecke
DE4412871A1 (de) † 1993-04-15 1994-10-20 Nof Corp Zusammensetzungen für Gasgeneratoren
DE9416112U1 (de) † 1993-10-06 1994-12-15 Contec - Chemieanlagen GmbH, 84544 Aschau Gasgeneratortreibstoff
DE4401214C1 (de) † 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
US5431103A (en) † 1993-12-10 1995-07-11 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant compositions
EP0864553A1 (en) † 1995-12-01 1998-09-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobeseikosho Gas generating agent and transfer charge for use in airbag gas generator, and gas generator comprising said gas generating agent and transfer charge
EP0902773A2 (en) † 1996-05-14 1999-03-24 Talley Defence Systems, Incorporated Autoignition composition

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB801015A (en) * 1955-08-08 1958-09-03 Ici Ltd Safety heating elements and compositions suitable therefor
US5084118A (en) * 1990-10-23 1992-01-28 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition composition for inflator gas generators
CA2111690A1 (en) * 1991-06-17 1992-12-18 Tadamasa Harada Gas generator for air bag
US5542688A (en) * 1992-10-27 1996-08-06 Atlantic Research Corporation Two-part igniter for gas generating compositions
WO1994014637A1 (en) * 1992-12-28 1994-07-07 Atlantic Research Corporation Inflating crash bags
DE4301794C1 (de) * 1993-01-23 1994-05-26 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Airbag-Gasgenerator mit einem Selbstzündmittel
JPH07232613A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-09-05 Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd エアバッグ用ガス発生器およびスクイブ
US5380380A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-01-10 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Ignition compositions for inflator gas generators
WO1995026945A1 (en) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-12 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Gas generator autoignition with a chlorate composition
US5536339A (en) * 1994-09-27 1996-07-16 Conducting Materials Corporation Air bag inflator gas compositions and inflator containing the same
DE19548544A1 (de) * 1995-12-23 1997-06-26 Dynamit Nobel Ag Initialsprengstoff-freie Anzündmischung

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5034072A (en) † 1985-06-28 1991-07-23 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs 5-oxo-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole in gunpowder and propellant compositions
US4931112A (en) † 1989-11-20 1990-06-05 Morton International, Inc. Gas generating compositions containing nitrotriazalone
US5139588A (en) † 1990-10-23 1992-08-18 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Composition for controlling oxides of nitrogen
DE4231377A1 (de) † 1992-09-21 1994-03-24 Dynamit Nobel Ag Nitrotriazolon für Zündmittelzwecke
DE4412871A1 (de) † 1993-04-15 1994-10-20 Nof Corp Zusammensetzungen für Gasgeneratoren
DE9416112U1 (de) † 1993-10-06 1994-12-15 Contec - Chemieanlagen GmbH, 84544 Aschau Gasgeneratortreibstoff
US5431103A (en) † 1993-12-10 1995-07-11 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant compositions
DE4401214C1 (de) † 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
EP0864553A1 (en) † 1995-12-01 1998-09-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobeseikosho Gas generating agent and transfer charge for use in airbag gas generator, and gas generator comprising said gas generating agent and transfer charge
EP0902773A2 (en) † 1996-05-14 1999-03-24 Talley Defence Systems, Incorporated Autoignition composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Explosiv-Stoffe J. Köhler, R. Meyer VCH, 1991 VCH, Seiten 68-71 †

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE270261T1 (de) 2004-07-15
CZ299764B6 (cs) 2008-11-19
DE59711752D1 (de) 2004-08-05
WO1998003448A1 (de) 1998-01-29
EP0914305B1 (de) 2004-06-30
EP0914305A1 (de) 1999-05-12
DE19730873A1 (de) 1998-01-22
CZ40699A3 (cs) 2000-04-12

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