EP0913629A2 - Kessel für feste Brennstoffe - Google Patents
Kessel für feste Brennstoffe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0913629A2 EP0913629A2 EP98120311A EP98120311A EP0913629A2 EP 0913629 A2 EP0913629 A2 EP 0913629A2 EP 98120311 A EP98120311 A EP 98120311A EP 98120311 A EP98120311 A EP 98120311A EP 0913629 A2 EP0913629 A2 EP 0913629A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- degassing
- space
- boiler according
- burnout
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
- F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
- F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
- F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/26—Biowaste
- F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/202—Feeding/conveying devices using screws
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid fuel boiler, in particular for wood material, with a filling space that is above one in one the first degassing chamber arranged combustion grate is arranged, a burnout space adjoining the degassing space and an automatic loading device being provided.
- Such solid fuel boilers are known in principle and are used for both manual and automatic loading To allow loading of the boiler.
- Kettles have the problem that always one of the two Operating modes, that is either manual or automatic operation, has led to unsatisfactory emission values.
- the boiler according to the invention can be used for any operating mode achieve the lowest emission values because the material feed through the automatic loading device from the manual material feed is separated by the further degassing room.
- the additional degassing room so to speak, as a separation chamber to ensure a trouble-free and to ensure low-pollution operation.
- the first and the further degassing room jointly lead into the burnout room. This results in an optimized flame management within the burnout area without external interference.
- the first and the further degassing space preferably open under one Angles of about 90 ° to each other. This is a space-saving Made arrangement that is also advantageous from a fluidic point of view is.
- an air space may be provided, in which preferably one Primary air damper opens.
- Such an air space below the further burn-off grate are in the area of the further degassing chamber optimal conditions for an even and trouble-free Burning created. It is particularly advantageous here if the further Burning grate is designed as a flat grate, because with this - in contrast to conventional fire troughs in the area of automatic loading - Much better emission values can be achieved.
- the burnout space above the further degassing space is preferred arranged and separated from it by a fireproof wall.
- the conventional design as a burnout space used channel as a separation space between the two degassing rooms used.
- the actual burnout area is therefore above arranged this separation space.
- the secondary air supply takes place in a mixing chamber in which on the one hand the degassing rooms open and on the other hand, the burnout space is mutually exclusive.
- Optimal control of the boiler can be achieved if the regulation of the two primary air flaps and that of the secondary air flap is brought about by an automatic control system which operates both at manual loading as well as automatic loading Set the air flaps.
- Any air flap can do this be provided with a stepper motor, the regulation of Air flaps in function of the exhaust gas temperature and the residual oxygen he follows.
- Fig. 1 shows the front view of a solid fuel boiler, the Filling space 10 is closed by a flap 12.
- the filling space 10 is arranged above a first combustion grate 14, which in a first Degassing chamber 16 is provided (Fig. 2 and 3).
- the first degas room 16 opens into the secondary air via a vertical mixing chamber 20 is mixed into a horizontally running burnout space 18, with the transition from the first degassing space 16 into the vertical Mixing chamber 20 a deflection of the fuel gases by 90 ° and the other Transition of the fuel gases into the burnout chamber 18 again Deflection of the fuel gases by 90 °, but offset by 90 ° in plan view, he follows.
- the burnout space 18 has an opening that opens upwards Outlet (Fig. 1 and 3) through which the fuel gases to a heat exchanger 22 and can flow from there through an exhaust fan 24.
- the fuel gases generated in the further degassing chamber 30 thus initially flow horizontally until the end of the further degassing space 30, are deflected there by 90 ° and flow into the vertical mixing chamber 20.
- a level probe 34 is provided, which feed screw 26 controls.
- first primary air flap 36 In the area of the first degassing space 16 there is a first primary air flap 36 provided in an air space below the first degassing grate 14 opens.
- a second primary air damper 38 for automatic Operation is in the area of the screw conveyor 26 and opens out into an air space 40 which is below the further combustion grate 28 is provided.
- the fuel When the boiler is operated manually, the fuel is exhausted the flap 12 filled in the filling chamber 10 and ignited so that it is on burns off the first combustion grate 14 and there within the first degassing space 16 is degassed.
- the fuel gases then flow to one Deflection by 90 ° in the vertical mixing chamber 20, in the secondary air is added, and from there after a deflection of 90 ° in the Burnout space 18 to burn out completely.
- the one from the burnout room 18 flow around combustion gases escaping vertically upwards then the heat exchanger 22 and are through the exhaust fan 24 promoted from the boiler.
- the automatic control of the boiler controls that the first primary air damper 36 as a function of the exhaust gas temperature is set, the second primary air damper 38 being closed is held.
- the secondary air flap 42 is dependent on the residual oxygen content regulated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine teilweise geschnittene Vorderansicht eines Kessels;
- Fig. 2
- eine Teilschnittansicht entlang der Linie II - II von Fig. 1; und
- Fig. 3
- eine Teilschnittansicht entlang der Linie III - III von Fig. 1.
- 10
- Füllraum
- 12
- Klappe
- 14
- erster Abbrandrost
- 16
- erster Entgasungsraum
- 18
- Ausbrandraum
- 20
- vertikale Mischkammer
- 22
- Wärmetauscher
- 24
- Abgasgebläse
- 26
- Förderschnecke
- 28
- weiterer Abbrandrost
- 30
- weiterer Entgasungsraum
- 32
- Wand
- 33
- Wand
- 34
- Niveausonde
- 36
- erste Primärluftklappe
- 38
- zweite Primärluftklappe
- 40
- Luftraum
- 42
- Sekundärluftklappe
- 44
- Sekundärluftkanal
Claims (14)
- Kessel für feste Brennstoffe, insbesondere für Holzmaterial, miteinem Füllraum (10), der oberhalb eines in einem ersten Entgasungsraum (16) angeordneten Abbrandrostes (14) angeordnet ist;einem sich an den ersten Entgasungsraum (16) anschließenden Ausbrandraum (18); undeiner automatischen Beschickungseinrichtung (26);
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die automatische Beschickungseinrichtung (26) im Bereich eines weiteren Entgasungsraumes (30) mündet, der von dem ersten Entgasungsraum (16) räumlich getrennt ist und in dem ein weiterer Abbrandrost (28) angeordnet ist; unddaß der weitere Entgasungsraum (30) ebenfalls in den Ausbrandraum (18) mündet. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der erste und der weitere Entgasungsraum (16, 30) gemeinsam in eine Mischkammer (20) münden, an die sich der Ausbrandraum (18) anschließt. - Kessel nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
im Bereich des ersten Entgasungsraumes (16) eine vorzugsweise automatisch gesteuerte erste Primärluftklappe (36) vorgesehen ist. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
im Bereich des weiteren Entgasungsraumes (30) eine vorzugsweise automatisch gesteuerte zweite Primärluftklappe (38) vorgesehen ist. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
eine vorzugsweise automatisch gesteuerte Sekundärluftklappe (42) vorgesehen ist, an die sich ein Luftkanal (44) anschließt, der in der Mischkammer (20) mündet. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der erste und der weitere Entgasungsraum (16, 30) unter einem Winkel von etwa 90° zueinander münden. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
unterhalb des weiteren Abbrandrostes (28) ein Luftraum (40) vorgesehen ist, in den vorzugsweise eine Primärluftklappe (38) mündet. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der weitere Abbrandrost (28) als Flachrost ausgebildet ist. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Ausbrandraum (18) oberhalb des weiteren Entgasungsraumes (30) angeordnet ist und vorzugsweise von diesem durch eine feuerfeste Wand (33) getrennt ist. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
beim Übergang der Brenngase von dem weiteren Entgasungsraum (30) in die Mischkammer (20) eine Umlenkung von 90° nach oben erfolgt. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
beim Übergang der Brenngase von dem ersten Entgasungsraum (16) in die Mischkammer (20) eine Umlenkung von 90° nach oben erfolgt. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
eine automatische Steuerung vorgesehen ist, die eine Regelung der beiden Primärluftklappen (36, 38) sowie der Sekundärluftklappe (42) bewirkt. - Kessel nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Steuerung eine erste Betriebsart für manuelle Beschickung und einen zweite Betriebsart für automatische Beschickung aufweist, durch welche die zweite Primärluftklappe (38) in der ersten Betriebsart und die erste Primärluftklappe (36) in der zweiten Betriebsart geschlossen wird. - Kessel nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
sofort nach der Mischkammer (20) die Brenngase zum Einströmen in den Ausbrandraum (18) um 90° umgelenkt werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29719238U | 1997-10-29 | ||
| DE29719238U DE29719238U1 (de) | 1997-10-29 | 1997-10-29 | Kessel für feste Brennstoffe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0913629A2 true EP0913629A2 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0913629A3 EP0913629A3 (de) | 1999-10-13 |
Family
ID=8047920
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98120311A Withdrawn EP0913629A3 (de) | 1997-10-29 | 1998-10-27 | Kessel für feste Brennstoffe |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0913629A3 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE29719238U1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005033320B4 (de) * | 2005-07-16 | 2008-06-12 | Dominic Umscheid | Verfahren zum Verbrennen fester Brennstoffe und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE429912A (de) * | ||||
| DE3402787A1 (de) * | 1984-01-27 | 1986-01-02 | Wilhelm & Sander GmbH, 3418 Uslar | Heizkessel fuer manuelle und/oder automatische beschickung von festen brennstoffen sowie regeleinrichtung zur regelung der heizleistung des heizkessels |
| DE3444049A1 (de) * | 1984-12-03 | 1986-06-26 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik, 8000 München | Dampf- oder heisswasserkessel |
| DE8913459U1 (de) * | 1989-11-14 | 1991-03-14 | Metzner, Gerhard, Dipl.-Ing., 8014 Neubiberg | Dauerbrandofen für Festbrennstoffe |
| EP0569050A1 (de) * | 1990-03-09 | 1993-11-10 | Ackermann Gmbh, Technische Anlagen Und Maschinenbau | Brenneranordnung |
| DE29605801U1 (de) * | 1996-03-28 | 1996-06-27 | Georg Fischer GmbH & Co, 89312 Günzburg | Heizkessel |
| DE29705281U1 (de) * | 1997-03-24 | 1997-07-24 | Ackermann, Karl, 84323 Massing | Verbrennungsofen mit Wärmetauscherflächen |
-
1997
- 1997-10-29 DE DE29719238U patent/DE29719238U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-27 EP EP98120311A patent/EP0913629A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0913629A3 (de) | 1999-10-13 |
| DE29719238U1 (de) | 1997-12-11 |
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