EP0910699A1 - Verfahren zur verbesserung von druckpapieren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur verbesserung von druckpapierenInfo
- Publication number
- EP0910699A1 EP0910699A1 EP97932781A EP97932781A EP0910699A1 EP 0910699 A1 EP0910699 A1 EP 0910699A1 EP 97932781 A EP97932781 A EP 97932781A EP 97932781 A EP97932781 A EP 97932781A EP 0910699 A1 EP0910699 A1 EP 0910699A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- retention agent
- additional retention
- headbox
- additional
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
- D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
- D21H17/29—Starch cationic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/31—Gums
- D21H17/32—Guar or other polygalactomannan gum
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/55—Polyamides; Polyaminoamides; Polyester-amides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/56—Polyamines; Polyimines; Polyester-imides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for improving the gravure and offset printability of coated and uncoated printing papers by increasing the proportion of filler in these papers on the top and bottom or in the outer layers of the paper web by using retention aids.
- SC and LWC roll printing papers are used in the prior art, which have to meet the increased demands with regard to print loss.
- SC papers are understood to mean web printing papers which contain up to 35% mineral filler and which have a high gloss and smoothness after treatment in a super calender.
- the abbreviation SC stands for "supercalendered”.
- SC and LWC printing papers were initially produced on so-called Fourdrinier paper machines. These papers had the disadvantage of so-called two-sidedness, i.e. H. due to the one-sided drainage on the screen, filler and fine material was washed out on the underside, so that the screen side of the paper was always rougher than the top and the paper web, viewed in the Z direction, had an uneven or crooked ash cross profile. Different filler or ash content inevitably causes uneven pressure loss on the top and screen sides, so that such papers no longer meet today's requirements.
- Multilayer printing papers formed by means of a multilayer headbox and twin-wire former, are described in the German reference “Wochenblatt für Textilfabrikation", 1987, pages 662 to 667. There it is also disclosed that the filler distribution in the paper web in the outer layers can be specifically influenced by means of filler additions in the outer channels of a multi-layer headbox.
- DE-42 37 309 finally teaches a method for producing a fibrous web, a fibrous suspension being distributed evenly onto a sieve or between two sieves with the aid of a headbox.
- the basis weight cross-section influences the retention of the fiber suspension on the sieve sectionally by metering the retention agent in the headbox sectionally.
- the multi-layer headbox fed material suspension is first divided into a long fiber and short fiber fraction, which also contains all fillers, by fractionation.
- the long fiber portion is subjected to additional fibrillation by grinding and after dilution and simultaneous addition of Retention agent in front of the stock pump by means of this fed to the outer channels of a multi-layer headbox.
- the portion containing short fiber and filler is fed to the middle or inner channels of the multi-layer headbox.
- the long, fibrillated fibers form a fine network, which additionally retains the fillers and fine materials of the middle layer as a filter layer and increases the fillers.
- a disadvantage of this process is that the anchoring of the outer layer containing long fibers deteriorates due to the increased fine and filler content of the middle layer and the Z strength decreases.
- the paper tends to split when it, such as. B. in offset printing, is loaded in the Z direction.
- the method for improving the gravure and offset printability of coated and uncoated printing papers by increasing the proportion of filler in these papers on the top and bottom or in the outer layers of the paper web by using retention aids is characterized in that before or during the sheet formation on the or between the seven In a paper machine, the outer layers of the stock suspension forming the paper web are additionally provided with retention agents.
- retention agents known per se in papermaking has been known for a long time and enables good filling and fiber retention on the forming wire.
- Such retention aids are generally in front of a mixing element, such as. B. the headbox pump of the fibrous suspension, added so that it is evenly mixed with the retention agent before it emerges from the lip or nozzle of the headbox.
- a mixing element such as. B. the headbox pump of the fibrous suspension
- retention agents with differently strong cationic or anionic charges can be used. Strongly charged retention agents improve the retention of fillers and fines, but depending on the reaction time, they can form large fiber flakes with the fiber suspension, which have a negative effect on the fiber formation in the paper sheet formed.
- Strongly charged retention agents improve the retention of fillers and fines, but depending on the reaction time, they can form large fiber flakes with the fiber suspension, which have a negative effect on the fiber formation in the paper sheet formed.
- the fibrous suspension Before the headbox, the fibrous suspension is provided with a first, for example cationic, retention agent and mixed well. A second, now anionic retention agent, is then added and mixed before the headbox of the fiber suspension.
- the oppositely charged retention agents react with each other themselves and with the fiber, filler and fines of the stock suspension and contribute to a much better overall retention.
- the additional retention agent has an opposite charge than the retention agent already present in the fiber stock suspension fed to the headbox.
- the known polyethyleneimines, polyacrylamides, epichlorohydrin resins and / or polyvinylamines can be added individually or as a mixture as additional retention agents.
- Cationic hydrocolloids are also used expediently. These can consist of known cationic starch or cationized guar. When using cationic starch or guar, there is the additional possibility of influencing the charge and network formation via the degree of cationation and the chain length of the starch or guar.
- An expedient method for providing the outer layers of the stock suspension forming the paper web with additional retention agent is that the retention agent is injected into a headbox downstream of the turbulence generator over the width of the pulp suspension stream in its top and bottom boundary layer.
- step diffuser Single-layer headbox has become known under the technical term step diffuser.
- the additional retention agent is injected into a headbox with a multi-layer device in the chamber for the upper and lower layers.
- a headbox for carrying out the method according to the invention has devices for uniform metering of the additional retention agent transversely to the direction of flow of the stock suspension.
- this device consists of bores arranged in the outlet nozzle in a line which extends transversely to the direction of flow and which have inflow devices for the retention agent.
- Another device in particular for a multi-layer headbox with three layers and with step diffusers, is that upstream of the respective step diffusers of the upper and lower layers there are bores for injecting retention agents.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Unwinding Webs (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19627669A DE19627669C2 (de) | 1996-07-10 | 1996-07-10 | Verfahren zur Verbesserung von Druckpapieren |
DE19627669 | 1996-07-10 | ||
PCT/EP1997/003597 WO1998001622A1 (de) | 1996-07-10 | 1997-07-08 | Verfahren zur verbesserung von druckpapieren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0910699A1 true EP0910699A1 (de) | 1999-04-28 |
EP0910699B1 EP0910699B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
Family
ID=7799359
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97932781A Expired - Lifetime EP0910699B1 (de) | 1996-07-10 | 1997-07-08 | Verfahren zur verbesserung von druckpapieren |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6251223B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0910699B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE227375T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19627669C2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0910699T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2182105T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO324374B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998001622A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10021979A1 (de) | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-08 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer mehrschichtigen und/oder mehrlagigen Faserstoffbahn |
DE10233795A1 (de) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-12 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Trockenpartie |
US20040086737A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-06 | Yockey A. James | Product packaging with improved printed paper and method of making the same |
US20100122786A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-20 | Tommy Jacobson | Application of retention, drainage, and formation (rdf) chemical aids after a headbox of a papermaking process |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3560334A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1971-02-02 | Mead Corp | Apparatus for incorporating additive dispersions to wet webs of paper |
FI75200B (fi) * | 1986-07-04 | 1988-01-29 | Valmet Oy | Foerfarande vid pappersframstaellningsprocess foer foerbaettring av egenskaper hos papperet, saerskilt dess retention. |
DE4237309A1 (de) * | 1992-11-05 | 1993-04-08 | Voith Gmbh J M | |
DE4409415C5 (de) * | 1994-03-18 | 2005-02-17 | Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh | Dosiervorrichtung für einen Stoffauflauf einer Papiermaschine |
US5482595A (en) * | 1994-03-22 | 1996-01-09 | Betz Paperchem, Inc. | Method for improving retention and drainage characteristics in alkaline papermaking |
DE4436317C2 (de) * | 1994-10-11 | 1998-10-29 | Nalco Chemical Co | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Retention von Mineral-Füllstoffen und Cellulosefasern auf einem Cellulose-Faserbogen |
DE19509522C2 (de) * | 1995-03-20 | 1999-03-11 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Naßpartie einer Papiermaschine |
US5560807A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-01 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Headbox additive injection system |
-
1996
- 1996-07-10 DE DE19627669A patent/DE19627669C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-07-08 ES ES97932781T patent/ES2182105T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-08 EP EP97932781A patent/EP0910699B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-08 WO PCT/EP1997/003597 patent/WO1998001622A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-07-08 AT AT97932781T patent/ATE227375T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-07-08 US US09/214,725 patent/US6251223B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-08 DE DE59708673T patent/DE59708673D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-08 DK DK97932781T patent/DK0910699T3/da active
-
1999
- 1999-01-06 NO NO19990046A patent/NO324374B1/no unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9801622A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59708673D1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
US6251223B1 (en) | 2001-06-26 |
ES2182105T3 (es) | 2003-03-01 |
WO1998001622A1 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
EP0910699B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
DK0910699T3 (da) | 2002-11-25 |
DE19627669C2 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
NO990046L (no) | 1999-01-06 |
NO324374B1 (no) | 2007-10-01 |
ATE227375T1 (de) | 2002-11-15 |
DE19627669A1 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
NO990046D0 (no) | 1999-01-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE60014759T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn und eine Papier- oder Kartonmaschine | |
DE3244142C2 (de) | ||
DE69914904T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von papier und eine papiermaschine | |
DE3720618A1 (de) | Verfahren im papierherstellungsprozess zur verbesserung der papiereigenschaften, speziell der retention | |
EP0995834B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung des Schrumpfungs-Querprofils in einer Papiermaschine | |
EP2199459A1 (de) | Blattbildungssystem für eine Maschine zur Herstellung einer mehrschichtigen Faserstoffbahn | |
DE19509522C2 (de) | Naßpartie einer Papiermaschine | |
DE69124557T2 (de) | Doppelsiebbahnbildner in einer Papiermaschine | |
EP1262596A2 (de) | Blattbildungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Blattbildung | |
DE69813594T2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer mehrlagigen bahn | |
EP0910699B1 (de) | Verfahren zur verbesserung von druckpapieren | |
DE69922549T2 (de) | Herstellung von mehrschichtigen bahnen aus einem einzigem grundfaserstoff | |
DE2809142A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reinigen einer faserstoffsuspension | |
DE102004044570A1 (de) | Maschine zur Herstellung einer Faserstoffbahn | |
DE3641598A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung in einer papiermaschine sowie eine mit dem verfahren hergestellte papierbahn | |
DE10393420B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tapetenpapier | |
DE19922390A1 (de) | Tiefdruck-Papier und Herstellungsverfahren für dieses Papier | |
DE3120073A1 (de) | Doppelsiebpapiermaschine | |
EP0856607A2 (de) | Mehrschichtiges Papier | |
WO2007087852A1 (de) | Papiermaschinensieb | |
DE69013168T2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines mehrlagigen filtermaterials. | |
DE10141513A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Faserstoffbahn aus mindestens einer Faserstoffsuspension | |
WO2008087107A1 (de) | Verfahren zum herstellen von hochwertigen papieren | |
AT504008B1 (de) | Bahnausbildungseinheit einer papier- oder kartonmaschine | |
DE2061506A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Papier |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990126 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020516 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: STORA ENSO PUBLICATION PAPER AG |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 227375 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20021115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: A. BRAUN, BRAUN, HERITIER, ESCHMANN AG PATENTANWAE Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59708673 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20021212 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2182105 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20030312 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030807 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20070627 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20070718 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20070720 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20070824 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Payment date: 20070712 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20070711 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20070704 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20070704 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20070703 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20070728 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20071008 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20070710 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: STORA ENSO PUBLICATION PAPER AG Free format text: STORA ENSO PUBLICATION PAPER AG#FELDMUEHLEPLATZ 1#40545 DUESSELDORF (DE) -TRANSFER TO- STORA ENSO PUBLICATION PAPER AG#FELDMUEHLEPLATZ 1#40545 DUESSELDORF (DE) |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20080708 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20090201 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090203 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080708 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20090331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090201 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080708 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080731 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080708 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080708 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080731 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20080709 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080709 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080709 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080731 |