EP0899020A1 - Procédé de détecter la présence d'une pièce dans une installation de revêtement électrostatique et installation de revêtement électrostatique - Google Patents

Procédé de détecter la présence d'une pièce dans une installation de revêtement électrostatique et installation de revêtement électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0899020A1
EP0899020A1 EP98113602A EP98113602A EP0899020A1 EP 0899020 A1 EP0899020 A1 EP 0899020A1 EP 98113602 A EP98113602 A EP 98113602A EP 98113602 A EP98113602 A EP 98113602A EP 0899020 A1 EP0899020 A1 EP 0899020A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
workpiece
spray
current
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98113602A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0899020B1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Seitz
Markus Hasler
Horst Dr. Adams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wagner International AG
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Wagner International AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wagner International AG filed Critical Wagner International AG
Publication of EP0899020A1 publication Critical patent/EP0899020A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0899020B1 publication Critical patent/EP0899020B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0531Power generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/122Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for recognizing Workpieces in an electrostatic coating system and an electrostatic coating system in which this procedure can be used.
  • the current status of the sensors (e.g. funding cycle of the Workpiece, fill level of the storage container etc.) become cyclical captured by the central unit, the necessary reactions the associated actuators are calculated, and corresponding control commands are sent to the actuators forwarded.
  • the workpiece To ensure an even and sufficient coating thickness the workpiece and to ensure the efficiency of powder application to optimize the vertical stroke of the coating equipment as well as controlled powder delivery. In addition becomes the distance between the coating device and the workpiece set in the spray direction to avoid that if the distance is too short, blow off the powder again will or electrostatic craters form or that in the opposite case, the efficiency of the powder coating deteriorates and e.g. the penetration into cavities decreases.
  • Parts recognition is used, for example, in paint shops Realization of a gap control used. Thereby in Workpiece gaps the promotion and thus the application of Powder coating or wet coating interrupted. This reduces the consumption of coating materials, the amount of waste Wet coatings and the recirculated portion of powder coatings.
  • the basic structure of a gap control of the stand the technique is shown in Figure 9.
  • a workpiece conveyor 902 transports workpieces 904 through a coating booth 901 in the shown Direction.
  • a Device for recognizing a workpiece 904 is required. This consists of a light barrier 906 or 906 ', 908, where light is sent from light transmitter 906 or 906 'and from Receiver 908 is received and corresponding signals be forwarded to a controller 912.
  • the light barrier is primarily outside the coating booth 901.
  • the controller 912 needs an additional one Signal proportional to the speed of the conveyor 902 is. This signal now comes directly from one Conveyor system control 915, or it comes with a special Device 913 for measuring the conveying speed determined. This speed measuring device generates a signal proportional to the conveying speed and conducts it to the controller 912.
  • the controller 912 determines from the Speed information and the signal from the light barrier 806, 908 the time that the workpiece 904 takes, to get to sprayer 905.
  • the light barrier 906, 908 "informs" the controller 912 also from the end of a workpiece. Now you have one Means the insertion of a workpiece 904 into the Detects cabin 901, determines its length and delays it, depending on the speed of the conveyor 902, the material feed 910, 911 can switch on and off.
  • the position control device controls the Distances of the coating devices to the workpieces.
  • the Motion control device controls the vertical stroke of the coating devices.
  • the coating system requires a great deal of computing effort, coordinated with the several coating devices so on and off, up and down as well as before and to move back that an optimal coating result is obtained.
  • the invention has for its object a method for Detection of a workpiece in an electrostatic coating system and to specify a new coating system, where the hardware and software expenditure for the Part recognition and identification reduced and control can be simplified.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that in an electrostatic Coating device a high voltage electrode or spray electrode, electrostatic charges to the environment emits an electrical spray current from the Generate high voltage electrode through the air to earth, and regardless of whether at the same time by the coating device dispensed a coating material to the workpiece will or not. If an electrically conductive, grounded Workpiece passed in front of the coating device the electrical spray current flows from the high voltage electrode through the workpiece to earth.
  • Spray flow As the workpiece approaches the spray gun, it increases Spray flow continuously (see Figure 2). Is located now the spray electrode at the same height as the workpiece, the spray flow changes only insignificantly. The Increasing the spray current is used for part recognition. Measurements have shown that the total current of the through the electrode flows mostly from the distance between Spray electrode and workpiece is determined, as well as by the set high voltage.
  • the measurement of the spray current can therefore be used as a means of detection of a workpiece used in front of the coating device become. According to the invention, depending on the size of the Spray current controlled the operation of the coating device.
  • optical workpiece recognition that is customary in the prior art can be completely omitted.
  • the new method for parts recognition according to the invention enables e.g. a gap control much easier too realize than in the state of the art by directly on site, a workpiece is recognized on the coating gun and depending on the presence of a workpiece and release of the coating material is activated. With the new system, there is no external "gap control" needed.
  • this distance should be constant be. However, since there are many workpieces with it lengthways changing contours, and the spray gun one The vertical stroke passes, the distance changes. Dependent the distance can now be measured from the measured spray current between the workpiece and the coating device in the spray direction determined and kept constant.
  • the parts recognition can also be used to determine the speed of a workpiece can be used. Because in practice usually three and more pistols in a row horizontally the same distance, the conveying speed be derived. Because once chosen Constant speed over a long period of time remains, can be relatively imprecise from several successive Measurements by statistical methods the conveyor speed can be calculated more precisely.
  • the speed information can then be used for control and Synchronization of the vertical stroke of the coating devices be used.
  • the invention creates with the method for the detection of Workpieces using the spray currents of the electrostatic Coating equipment a reliable, fast and inexpensive Means for capturing and identifying the coating workpieces, which are those in the prior art usual part recognition and identification devices can completely replace. Furthermore, the invention has the Advantage that the presence of a workpiece in front of each Coating devices running during operation can be checked and not, as in the prior art, only on the basis of a single measurement when the Workpiece in the coating booth is predicted. At an unscheduled standstill of workpiece conveying thereby e.g. the powder supply can be blocked immediately.
  • the invention enables extensive decentralization the coating system because every coating device independently recognizes whether a workpiece is available, and depending on the spray flow its powder delivery and its Can control the distance to the workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 shows a powder coating system according to the invention.
  • This powder coating system is more detailed in the German patent application "control system of a coating system" the same applicant, with the same filing date described. To the disclosure of this patent application and in particular the explanation of the network structure there reference is expressly made.
  • Fig. 1 there are several (five) coating modules each a digital control device 60, an injector 64 and a spray gun 66 shown over a gun bus 62 are connected. Information necessary for the operation about the operating conditions of the coating system control units 60 receive via an internal bus 80.
  • the multiple coating modules are via the internal bus 80 also with each other and with a central control unit 82 and connected to other components of the system. Additional modules that can be connected to the internal bus are z. B. a powder level control module 88, a position control module 90 and a motion control module 92.
  • modules that are provided external bus 100 also with the central control unit 82 are connected; these also include a powder center 102 a powder storage container 104, a layer thickness and Control device 107, 108 and an air quantity control device 109 for a powder recovery system 110, 114 and others
  • LON local area network.
  • the individual components that act as LON nodes configured, can register themselves in the system, other system components recognize themselves on this adjust and communicate with them. You can use the information about the respective operating conditions of the coating system, which you receive via bus 80 or 100 and use.
  • FIG Powder coating system As follows. A workpiece 200 approaches the coating booth 120. At the high voltage electrodes the spray guns 66-1, 66-2, ..., 66-n there is a high voltage of about 100 kV, so that an electrical Spray current from the respective electrodes through the Air flows to earth. This spray stream is as long as no grounded workpiece in front of the respective spray gun located, very small (so-called zero current).
  • Figure 2 shows the relationship between the electrical Spray current and the distance between the coating device 66 and the workpiece 200 or the time.
  • the y axis shows the current, on the x-axis are the distance in cm and the Time represented in seconds, with a constant conveying speed of 10 cm / s is assumed.
  • the current begins to rise.
  • the approximate final value I 2 of the previously coated workpiece can already be known.
  • the workpiece is still approximately 20 cm from the spray gun.
  • the freely selectable switch-on threshold is set to 25% of ⁇ I s .
  • the switch-on condition is thus recognized at time t3 and the control unit 60 sends a switch-on command to the injector 64 via the gun bus 62.
  • the injector 64 contains two air quantity regulators for setting the conveying air and metering air for the coating device. This switches on the powder feed. If the workpiece 200 now comes to the coating gun 66, it is coated. In the time interval t 4 to t 5 , the workpiece runs past the gun. In the case described, the length of the workpiece is 20 cm. From time t 5 , the workpiece 200 now moves away from the spray gun 66 and the spray current drops. At time t 6 the workpiece is 10 cm away from the spray gun, again a preselected switching threshold (here 50% of ⁇ I s ) is crossed and the powder feed is switched off via the LON bus 92.
  • a preselected switching threshold here 50% of ⁇ I s
  • the measured spray current can also be used to set the distance used between workpiece 200 and spray gun 66 become.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possible configuration of the position control module shown.
  • Position control becomes common referred to as Z-axis control.
  • Such controls are known, but so far the coating devices are moving on a permanently programmed track. With the new method, the adaptation to the workpiece contour takes place automatically.
  • the high voltage generator integrated in the spray gun 66 generates a spray current from the electrode 17 to the workpiece 200.
  • This spray current is generated by a high-voltage module 300 measured and forwarded to a distance controller 302.
  • This controller tries to regulate a given spray current. Is e.g. the spray flow is less than specified, see above controller 302 sends a correction signal to a displacement axis control 304 transmitted. This in turn causes a servo motor 306 and a gun mount 308 to push gun 66 closer to workpiece 200.
  • Controller 302 is in practice as a "software part" of the High voltage module 300 realized.
  • the regulator mentioned is preferably not a standard PI or PID controller, but a so-called intelligent controller.
  • the conveying speed of the work piece can be determined from the times are determined to which the spray streams of a first and a second spray gun 66-1 and 66-2 a predetermined one Threshold, and depending on the determined times and the known distance between the first and the second spray gun the speed of the workpiece is calculated.
  • Figure 4 shows in principle the arrangement of 3 guns.
  • a conveyor system brings different workpieces 200 in the shown direction in the coating booth 120.
  • a workpiece 200 now moves to the first coating gun 66-1.
  • a first high voltage module 400-1 registers one Increase in spray flow.
  • a real-time clock built into the module registers the exact time of detection and sends the start time of the measurement to a second high-voltage module 400-2.
  • the workpiece now moves to the second Coating gun 66-2 and releases one there again Start time with the help of a real-time clock.
  • This The start value of the second measurement is immediately via the bus system 402 sent to the third high voltage module.
  • the start time the second measurement is also the stop time the first measurement.
  • the speed between the start and stop time of the workpiece is calculated and sent via the bus 402 to any one sent to other bus subscriber 404 who is responsible for his Function must know the speed of the conveyor system.
  • the workpiece 200 now moves on to the third gun 66-3, the second stop time is triggered. From the second time difference (start time No. 2 and stop time No. 2) and the known distance B becomes the second speed measurement determined and transferred to bus 402.
  • This third measurement will be the most accurate because inaccuracies in the timing and in the Workpiece detection has less impact the longer the Measuring distance and the measuring time are. Because with each workpiece New speed can be determined from several measurements the average speed of the conveyor system can be calculated.
  • the information about the workpiece speed can be used for Control and synchronization of the stroke movement of the spray guns be used.
  • the material deposit on the workpiece is similar in terms of the layer thickness of a Gaussian distribution, therefore the width of the coating limit is not precisely specified become.
  • FIG. 5a it can be seen that the spray gun (2) that area of Workpiece coated, that of the spray gun (1) not could be coated. By blurring the spray zones in the case of FIG. 5a, the material distribution becomes optimal. Not so in the unsynchronized case of FIG. 5b.
  • the second gun (2) mainly coats the same Area that gun (1) previously coated. In addition there are intermediate zones that have not been coated.
  • Each coating module can thus both the fact that a workpiece 200 is approaching, as is the type, in particular Size and shape of the workpiece 200, the speed of the workpiece and the distance from workpiece to spray gun to capture. This information is put on the bus 100, 80 and are immediately at the other components of the powder coating system to disposal.
  • a high-voltage generation unit usually consists of a high-voltage control module with an oscillator, output stage and control unit and a high-voltage generator in the gun, consisting of a high-voltage transformer, multiplier cascade and protective resistors. It has a U / I characteristic curve that determines the electrical behavior of the overall unit. If the total internal resistance were an ohmic resistance, the U / I characteristic curve would be a straight line with the key points: short-circuit current and open circuit voltage. See curve A in Figure 6. In practice, the internal resistance is divided into many, totaling complex internal resistances and ohmic components. The resulting characteristic curve is shown in FIG. 6 as curve B.
  • the actual load resistance of a coating unit is the air between the spray electrode and the workpiece and has a purely ohmic character.
  • this ohmic resistance depends on the shape of the workpiece, its size, surface quality, the shape of the spray electrode, the air quality, temperature, pressure, moisture content and the distance between the electrode and the workpiece and also on the high voltage generator.
  • the shape of the real U / I characteristic curve B is the same for every combination of control unit and high-voltage generator.
  • FIG. 7 shows a family of curves formed from several different voltage settings or, more precisely, different output stage supply voltage settings.
  • the values U 0x in FIG. 7 correspond to the open circuit voltages, which are proportional to the respectively selected supply voltages.
  • the curved characteristic curve is represented by a kink.
  • AP 1 corresponds to a very large distance between the workpiece and the spray electrode, whereby the workpiece is always grounded. The distance is so large that the load carriers moving in the air do not reach the workpiece but, for example, the gun holder. In practice, point AP 1 represents the maximum high voltage and the minimum current. (Point U 01 can only be reached in the laboratory under certain conditions.) If the distance between the workpiece and the electrode is reduced, the working point moves along curve B 1 to AP 2 . At this point a considerable part of the load is already flowing off the workpiece. If the distance from the workpiece to the electrode is reduced further to the point of contact, the operating point moves further via AP 3 to AP 4 (short circuit).
  • the shape of the U / I characteristic is stored in the high-voltage module.
  • the high-voltage module also knows the relationship between the supply voltage and U 0 .
  • the high-voltage module thus knows the entire actual family of curves from FIG. 7, including all the curves which are not shown and are in between.
  • the high-voltage module calculates the current open circuit voltage U 0a from the linear relationship between the supply voltage of the high-voltage generator (which is measured) and U 0 .
  • the associated U / I characteristic data are retrieved from the memory.
  • the measured spray current I sm is used by the computer to determine the current working point AP a . This also determines the current electrode voltage U a .
  • FIG 8 a current measurement circuit is shown.
  • the circuit the figure comprises a control device 10, two coupling capacitors 11, 37, a transformer 13 with a primary coil 14 and a secondary coil 15, which is connected via a bridge 12 are connected, a high-voltage cascade 16, an electrode 17 with an electrode resistor and a resistor 18, which are connected to one another in the manner shown in FIG are. Furthermore, there is a low pass indicated at 22 and a current-voltage converter designated 25. Also shown in Figure 2 is one to be coated Workpiece 19.
  • the low pass comprises a first low pass coil 21 which is on the Side of the bridge 12 with the primary coil 14 and one Capacitor 23 is connected to earth 9, and a second Low-pass coil 26, which the current-voltage converter 25 with the connection point 35 of the first low-pass coil 21 and capacitor 23 connects.
  • a resistor 24 connected to the capacitor 23 in series.
  • the current-voltage converter 25 has an operational amplifier 27 on, the output via a feedback resistor 28 is connected to its inverting input.
  • the second low-pass coil 26 is also on the inverting Input 38 of operational amplifier 27 connected, and the non-inverting input 39 of the operational amplifier 27 is connected to earth 9.
  • a filter network 29 from two resistors 30 and 31 and two capacitors 32 and 33 and an output amplifier 34 are arranged, which together in the manner shown in Figure 2 are connected.
  • the circuit of Figure 2 operates as follows. If one Workpiece 19 is in front of the electrode 17 and electrical Charge is transferred to the workpiece 19 flows in Spray current over air particles (ions) and powder particles for Workpiece and back to earth to the control unit. This Spray current flows through the operational amplifier 27 Low pass 22 and the transformer bridge 12 into the high-voltage cascade 16 back.
  • the current-voltage converter 25 is constructed and dimensioned so that at the exit of the Operational amplifier 27 sets a voltage that is proportional to the electrical spray current from the electrode 19 to earth 9.
  • the voltage at the output 36 of this measuring circuit can on the be evaluated as described above.

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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
EP98113602A 1997-09-01 1998-07-21 Procédé de détecter la présence d'une pièce dans une installation de revêtement électrostatique et installation de revêtement électrostatique Expired - Lifetime EP0899020B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19738142 1997-09-01
DE19738142A DE19738142C1 (de) 1997-09-01 1997-09-01 Elektrostatische Beschichtungsanlage und Verfahren zur Erkennung und Beschichtung von Werkstücken in einer elektrostatischen Beschichtungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0899020A1 true EP0899020A1 (fr) 1999-03-03
EP0899020B1 EP0899020B1 (fr) 2004-09-29

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EP98113602A Expired - Lifetime EP0899020B1 (fr) 1997-09-01 1998-07-21 Procédé de détecter la présence d'une pièce dans une installation de revêtement électrostatique et installation de revêtement électrostatique

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US6068877A (fr)
EP (1) EP0899020B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11156247A (fr)
DE (2) DE19738142C1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6656536B2 (en) * 1999-06-14 2003-12-02 Itw Gema Ag Method of controlling spray current and voltage in electrostatic coating apparatus
CN114789102A (zh) * 2022-05-23 2022-07-26 佛山市德珼尔科技有限公司 智能曲面喷涂生产线

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JPH04347437A (ja) * 1991-05-23 1992-12-02 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 空気調和機の制御装置
CA2461377A1 (fr) * 2001-10-18 2003-05-15 Nordson Corporation Pistolet-pulverisateur a commande de ligne de charge variable
US6755339B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2004-06-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fluxing apparatus for applying powdered flux
DE102006032645B4 (de) * 2006-07-13 2008-06-12 J. Wagner Ag Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Profils eines mit Pulver oder Nasslack zu beschichtenden Werkstücks
JP5352799B2 (ja) * 2008-04-01 2013-11-27 旭サナック株式会社 コロナ帯電式塗装装置
JP5623931B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2014-11-12 旭サナック株式会社 静電塗装装置
JP5731218B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2015-06-10 旭サナック株式会社 静電塗装装置
JP5731219B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2015-06-10 旭サナック株式会社 静電塗装装置
JP6100807B2 (ja) * 2015-01-09 2017-03-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 静電塗装装置及びその導電性検査方法
JP2016221518A (ja) * 2016-08-26 2016-12-28 アピックヤマダ株式会社 導電膜形成装置とその方法
DE102019006501A1 (de) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-18 Zasso Group Ag Dielektrischer Driftanalysator

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US4324812A (en) * 1980-05-29 1982-04-13 Ransburg Corporation Method for controlling the flow of coating material

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US3851618A (en) * 1974-01-14 1974-12-03 Ransburg Corp Electrostatic coating apparatus
US4284032A (en) * 1978-11-14 1981-08-18 Gema Ag Pneumatic conveyor of adjustable conveyance capacity for powdered to granular bulk material
US4324812A (en) * 1980-05-29 1982-04-13 Ransburg Corporation Method for controlling the flow of coating material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6656536B2 (en) * 1999-06-14 2003-12-02 Itw Gema Ag Method of controlling spray current and voltage in electrostatic coating apparatus
CN114789102A (zh) * 2022-05-23 2022-07-26 佛山市德珼尔科技有限公司 智能曲面喷涂生产线
CN114789102B (zh) * 2022-05-23 2024-03-26 佛山市德珼尔科技有限公司 智能曲面喷涂生产方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11156247A (ja) 1999-06-15
DE59812017D1 (de) 2004-11-04
DE19738142C1 (de) 1999-05-20
EP0899020B1 (fr) 2004-09-29
US6068877A (en) 2000-05-30

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