EP0893553B1 - Profiled sheet for the drainage and the ventilation of flooring tiles, especially ceramic tiles, laid on a thin-bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The plastic sheet sections (16a, 18, 16b) are so formed that channels are created which are alternately open to the support plate and to the under side of the floor tiles. The plastic sheet (12) at least in part areas is provided with a number of through apertures (14), which produce a fluid and gas-permeable connection of the channels open to the upper side with the under side, particularly the channels of the profile strip (10) open to the under side. The through apertures (14) are provided in the strip-form sections (18) forming the lateral limiting walls of the channels and/or in the strip-form sections (16a, 16b) forming the channel bases. On the upper side of the profile strip facing the floor tiles a fluid and gas-permeable glass grid tissue is adhered.

Description

The invention relates to a profile sheet for ventilation and Drainage of tile flooring consisting of an inherently rigid plastic film, which through in tight Spacing parallel and successive each in the opposite sense to the previous one strip-shaped section, in particular bent or folded sections is profiled so that alternately lower, to the support plate and upper, to the bottom tile bottom open-ended channels emerge that are connected by through openings, which a liquid and gas permeable connection to the top open channels with the channels open towards the bottom the profiled sheet, with the top of the Profiled sheet a liquid and gas permeable cover sheet is provided.

Expose the top of the substrates to weather conditions Balconies or terraces, i.e. usually concrete slabs, those with tiles, preferably ceramic Tiles to be covered are increasing Dimensions sealed with sealing slurries or so-called liquid foils. There are cavities in the thin-bed mortar under the ceramic covering not be ruled out. If over in these cavities water penetrates the joints of the tile covering, There is often frost flaking on glazed ceramic Tiles. In addition, trapped in such cavities expands Water, so that the ice that then forms to detach the ceramic tile coverings from the thin-bed mortar layer leads.

For the drainage of massive, as a load distribution layer provided under panel coverings, preferably reinforced Screed layers are profile sheets of the ones mentioned at the beginning Kind known (DE 90 01 575 U1), which before application of the still screed on the concrete support plate be placed, with those on the formed Plastic film provided water-permeable cover sheet one for the screed that is still flowable when applied non-permeable material, e.g. a non-woven material, which is a penetration of the screed into the top prevents open-ended channels of the plastic film web, so that what passes through the screed layer Surface water enters into these channels and from there can be dissipated. In the event of the passage of Surface water is of a larger amount - at greater intervals - from these channels to the channels open below through openings provided through which a part of the any water produced also enter the lower channels which can therefore be used as additional drainage channels stand. For laying floor slabs, such as tiles etc. in the thin bed directly on the profile sheet without one Screed intermediate layer is this well-known drainage membrane but not suitable because they are then directly on the Flies cover sheet thin layer of mortar or tile adhesive to be applied no sufficient liability and resilience the cover sheet, which can only be mechanically stressed to a small extent able to manufacture.

The same applies to one - also for drainage of screed layers, made of plastic sheeting made without cover sheet, with deep-drawn cup-like Embossed, to a draining intermediate layer of the concrete base plate and the screed Drainage layer, at which slits or Perforations are provided in the walls of the embossments are the surface water entering through the screed to the between the impressions on the bottom the cavities formed by the plastic film plates can pass through (FR 25 44 460 A).

The invention has for its object the laying of especially ceramic tiles on through on top alternative seals, such as sealing slurry or liquid film substrates sealed against the ingress of water in the thin bed without the risk of Frost flaking on the tiles or the impression of the ceramic To fear coverings from the thin-bed mortar layer is.

Starting from a profile track of the type mentioned at the beginning This object is achieved in that the Cover sheet is designed as a tear-resistant mesh fabric, which for when laying floor tiles in the thin bed before setting or hardening, flowable thin-bed mortar is permeable. When laying tile coverings using the film according to the invention can then be done so that the profiled sheet is loose placed on top of the sealed support plate and then the floor tiles, especially ceramic tiles, through a thin-bed adhesive layer, such as tile adhesive, thin-bed mortar or the like, adhered to the profile sheet become. The profiled sheet is therefore on the sealing layer of the Only loosely placed on the surface and can therefore no Transfer shear forces damaging the sealing layer, i.e. the tile covering is decoupled from the substrate instead of. Through the joints of the ceramic tiles in the Thin-bed mortar can penetrate water through the Step through the thin-bed mortar layer to the profile sheet or diffuse and in particular through the bottom formed channels are drained to the lowest point. Residual moisture still contained in the thin-bed mortar is through the channels and through openings incoming air dried. The one through the mesh tile adhesive placed in the open top channels or thin-bed mortar also encapsulates the open-meshed one Mesh fabric, which - after the adhesive has set or mortar - as reinforcement for the adhesive or mortar layer serves. This creates a coherent, against Crack-resistant thin-bed connection layer between the profiled sheet and the covering made of floor tiles.

A glass mesh fabric is preferred as the mesh fabric used, e.g. a glass mesh fabric with a tear resistance between 4000 and 6000 kg / running m. In practice it has especially a glass mesh fabric with a tensile strength of 4800 kg / running m proven, which by gluing is firmly adhered to the profile sheet.

The through openings can be in the side Boundary walls of the strip-shaped sections forming channels and / or that of the open mouth of the channels opposite, forming the respective channel floor strip-shaped sections may be provided.

The through openings are expediently of a pattern of regular or irregular in the pre-profiling the profiled sheet is still flat plastic film introduced punch openings formed. The in the the side Boundary walls of the channels forming strip-shaped Sections of any existing openings can have different shapes in the forward direction, in particular rectangular, arched, triangular or trapezoidal trained and e.g. by punch drilling or mill be introduced from the underside of the profile sheet.

The strip-shaped forming the respective channel floor Sections are preferably flat to pass through Large-area support of the film on the sealing of the Support plate and also large-area connection with the thin-bed mortar the weight forces acting on the tile covering to be introduced into the subsurface as evenly as possible. At the transverse ends of the strip-shaped sections Channels formed can advantageously be a cross to the channels run, essentially flat Profile strips can be provided, the profile track in addition stiffened. Depending on the application, it can be useful be to train this profile strip so that it either with the bottoms open at the bottom Sections forming channels or with the bottom of the sections forming open channels at the top flat unit forms, whereby a larger, the Preserve pressure reducing edge area becomes.

The profile track is preferably designed so that each the channel floor and the subsequent, the Strip-shaped sections each forming channel side walls run at right angles to each other. Every single channel thus has a U cross-section.

Alternatively, the respective channel floor and the subsequent ones Strip-shaped channel side walls Sections also each at an angle of less than 90 ° to each other, so then related to everyone Single channel creates a dovetail profile.

Finally, it is also possible to cover the respective channel floor and those that form the adjoining channel side walls strip-shaped sections each at an angle of more than 90 ° to each other.

In an advantageous development of the invention that in the intended assembly state of the profiled sheet channels open at the top on at least one, preferably several places, from the bottom opening Cross channels interrupted. These cross channels effect advantageous that when laying the tiles in the after mortars or the like that open at the top after his Curing in the upper channels does not spread over the entire Width of the profiled sheet extending long continuous Forms mortar strips, the coefficient of expansion of which of the tiles laid on it or the profiled sheet differ, but that in the open to the top Channels only form short strips of mortar, which are interrupted by the cross channels. This will make it with long continuous channels, warping observed Profiled sheet or lifting the applied tile covering avoided.

The transverse channels are preferably designed so that their Top with the tops of the bottoms of those at the Sections forming an open underside of the underside Form plane and thus advantageously the support surface enlarge for the tiles. It is then possible small, water-permeable openings from the channels open in the top to the transverse channels to be provided so that - especially in the case of strong incidence of Leachate - the water also runs across the bottom open mouth canals can be drained. Moreover can water with locally limited strong water incidence from one reaching its drainage capacity limit open channel on the underside into the transverse channels and in to cross an adjacent channel. By dimensioning the - possibly provided - through openings make sure that actually only water, not but the mortar still liquid when laying the tiles or the like. reaches the transverse channels and thus the ones described above beneficial drainage effects makes.

The plastic film of the profile sheet is as possible thin, but chosen to be inherently stiff so that the profiled sheet underneath elastic deformation can be rolled up.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the the top of the profiled sheet facing the floor tiles additionally a liquid and gas permeable mesh or the like. be adhered laminated. The one in the above tile adhesive or thin-bed mortar brought into open channels encapsulates the open-mesh mesh, which after the setting of the adhesive or mortar as Reinforcement for the adhesive or mortar layer is used. Thereby becomes a coherent and significantly less Crack sensitive and thin bed connection layer between the profiled sheet and the covering made of floor tiles.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Teilabschnitts eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Profilbahn;

Fig. 2

einen senkrechten Schnitt durch einen mittels der in Figur 1 gezeigten Profilbahn auf einer Beton-Tragplatte verlegten Fliesen-Belag;

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt durch einen Teilabschnitt eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Profilbahn mit schwalbenschwanzförmig hinterschnittenen Kanälen;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt durch ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Profilbahn mit trapezförmigem Kanal-Querschnitt, wobei auf der dem Fliesenbelag zugewandten Oberseite ein Gittergewebe aufkaschiert ist;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Teilabschnitts eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Profilbahn;

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht der Profilbahn gemäß Fig. 5, gesehen in Richtung des Pfeils 6 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine Schnittansicht derselben Profilbahn entlang der Linie 7-7 in Fig. 5; und

Fig. 8 bis 10

drei verschiedene Formen von in die Seitenwände der Kanäle eingebrachten Öffnungen.

The invention is explained in more detail in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing, specifically showing or showing:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a portion of a first embodiment of a profile sheet according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a vertical section through a tile covering laid on a concrete support plate by means of the profiled sheet shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a cross section through a portion of a second embodiment of a profile sheet according to the invention with dovetail undercut channels;

Fig. 4

a cross-section through a third embodiment of a profile sheet according to the invention with a trapezoidal channel cross-section, wherein a mesh fabric is laminated on the top facing the tile covering;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a portion of a fourth embodiment of a profile sheet according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a side view of the profile sheet of FIG 5, seen in the direction of arrow 6 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7

a sectional view of the same profile sheet along the line 7-7 in Fig. 5; and

8 to 10

three different shapes of openings made in the side walls of the channels.

In Figure 1 is a first embodiment of an inventive Profilbahn 10 shown. The profile track exists from an originally flat, thin, stiff plastic film 12, the total with a variety of in regular or irregular pattern arranged in the shown Embodiment limited circular Punch openings 14 provided and in the recognizable in the figure Way by alternating right-angled edging from strip-shaped sections 16a, 18, 16b in opposite directions Direction is profiled so that successive to the top, i.e. a tile covering to be laid, and to the bottom, i.e. the sealing of a substrate, e.g. a concrete support plate or one additionally provided Screeds, open channels with a U-shaped cross-section are.

The plastic film 12 used as the starting product can be relatively thin, i.e. a material thickness of e.g. just Have 0.5 mm. The height or depth h of the parallel channels may be in the order of 4 to 5 mm, for example lie, while the channel widths b1, b2 in the order of magnitude can be from 8 to 10 mm. The width of the successive, downward or upward open channels b1 or b2 either the same or - in special cases - also be different.

In Figure 2 is that described above in connection with Figure 1 Profile track 10 on one example of one cured sealing slurry formed sealing layer 20 shown placed on a concrete support plate 22. On the bottom of the channels that are open at the bottom strip-shaped sections 16a is a covering of ceramic Tiles 24 by means of a tile adhesive layer 26 firmly adhered, which also extends upwards into the i.e. 24 open channels engages with the tiles. The joint between the tiles 24 are then still in the usual way grouted by means of a porous setting grout 28.

It can be seen that seeping through the grout 28 Step through rainwater to profile track 10 and then either directly via a channel open to the top or via the punch opening 14 in a downwardly open channel Sealing layer 20 can pass through. Liquid water droplets can then have an intended slope of the top drained to the lowest point following the support plate 22 be while water vapor and in the tile adhesive layer 26 or an optionally provided thin bed mortar layer Vent off any water still contained in the capillary can be dried or through the entry of air through the channels and is vented.

In Figure 3, a profile sheet 10 'is shown schematically, which differs from the described profile sheet 10 according to FIG. 1 differs only in that the strip-shaped sections 18 to the subsequent strip-shaped Sections 16a, 16b not an angle of 90 °, but one Include angles less than 90 °. So it arises recognizable dovetail-shaped profiling.

Finally, in FIG. 4 a profile sheet 10 "is shown, at which the angle between the successive strip-shaped sections 16a, 18, 16b greater than 90 ° is, so that the channels shown in Figure 4 with trapezoidal Cross section arise. In addition, in this Drawing figure one more up, i.e. for tiling facing strip-shaped section 16a laminated rot-proof, liquid and gas permeable Mesh fabric 30 shown. This mesh fabric stabilizes the channels of the profile sheet 10 ". Within the thin-bed adhesive or mortar layer through the mesh also penetrates into the channels open at the top, this forms Mesh fabric after the thin-bed layer has set Reinforcement, which cracks in the thin-bed mortar layer or counteracts the tile adhesive and so the Can significantly increase the life of the tile covering.

In the profile sheet 10 '' shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 at the transverse ends of the strip-shaped sections 16a, 18, 16b (, of which for reasons of clarity only some are provided with reference symbols) formed channels a transverse to the channels, in essential flat profile strip 32 is provided. This profile strip 32 forms the bottom of the sections forming open underside of the underside 16a a flat unit.

A glass mesh fabric 30 'is on the profile sheet 10' ' a tensile strength of about 4800 kg / running. m laminated.

As can be seen in Fig. 7, those of the sections 16b and 18 formed, open to the top channels on several Set of transverse channels 34 interrupted, which to the bottom cross open channels so that from these water can pass into the transverse channels. The tops form 36 of the transverse channels 34 a plane with the tops the bottom of the channels open at the bottom Sections 16a. In addition - not shown - small water-permeable openings in the side walls of the transverse channels 34 may be provided which transfer water from the channels open to the top directly in enable the transverse channels 34.

As already in Fig. 7 by the designated 8 to 10 dash-dotted circle are indicated in FIGS. 8 to 10 different forms of continuous, in the side Boundary walls of the channels forming strip-shaped Sections 18 incorporated openings in enlarged Scale shown, which was omitted in the 5 and 7 shown, seen in the forward direction to represent rectangular openings 14 'again. Instead alternative forms of opening are shown, namely - each seen in the forward direction - in Fig. 8 one arched opening 14 ", in Fig. 9 a triangular opening 14 '"and in Fig. 10 a trapezoidal opening 14" ". All of these openings can be punched, drilled, cut or milling, where it - like 5 and 7 to 10 can be seen - is possible at Insert the openings in the channel sidewalls Sections 18 that form the lower channel floor Cut or mill sections 16b at the same time, so that the openings 14 'to 14 "' in these embodiments from a channel side wall 18 over the Extend channel floor 16b to the next channel side wall. Since the channel floor 16b in the intended installation state rests on the seal, increase it in the duct floor 16b provided areas of the openings 14 'to 14 "" Drainage performance not essential, but allow that described simple manufacture of the openings by milling from the bottom and also save material and weight.

It can be seen that within the scope of the inventive concept Modifications and developments of the described exemplary embodiments are realizable. So they are in the description of the profile sheet shown in Figure 1 Values of the film thickness, the height or depth of the channels and the breadth of which can only be understood as exemplary values, which should not exclude other dimensions. In particular the channels can also have significantly greater depth or Have height and / or width dimensions. The punch openings 14 can - deviating from the illustration in Figure 1 - also slit-shaped, polygonal or otherwise limited his. It is only essential that a liquid or gas or water vapor passage through the profiled sheet can take place via the openings 14, .., 14 "". On Mesh fabric 30 can also be on the top of the in Fig. 1 and 3 shown profiled sheets 10 and 10 'laminated be around the 10 "described in connection with the profile sheet advantageous reinforcing effect counteracting crack formation to obtain. 2 and 5 is one Mesh fabric 30 or 30 'on the profile sheet 10 or 10 "'shown laminated. The manufacture of the channels can on the one hand by alternately folding in opposite directions of strip-shaped areas of the originally flat Foil sheet take place. Alternatively, those on the top open channels also by deep drawing or hot stamping created in the originally flat film web be, which then also the formation of the lateral flat profile strips 32 and the transverse channels 34 accordingly the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 becomes possible.

Claims (20)

1. Profiled sheet (10;10';10";10"';10"") for ventilating and draining floor coverings of tiles comprising an inherently rigid plastic film (12), which is so profiled by strip shaped sections (16a; 18; 16b), which extend closely spaced and parallel to one another and are successively bent, particularly folded or overturned, in the opposite sense to the preceding strip shaped section that lower passages, open to the support plate, and upper passages, open to the underside of the floor tiles, are produced alternately, which passages are connected by through-openings (14; 14'; 14"; 14'"; 14"") which produce a liquid- and gas-permeable connection of the passages open to the upper surface with the passages of the profiled sheet (10; 10'; 10"; 10"') open to the underside, a liquid- and gas-permeable cover sheet being provided on the upper surface of the profiled sheet (10; 10'; 10"), characterised in that the cover sheet is constructed in the form of a tear-resistant mesh web (30,30'), which is permeable to the flowable thin bed mortar or adhesive before setting or hardening during laying of floor tiles in a thin bed.
2. Profiled sheet as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the mesh web is a glass mesh web (30; 30').
3. Profiled sheet as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the glass mesh web (30; 30') has a tear strength between 4,000 and 6,000 kg/lfd. m.
4. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the through-openings (14) are provided in the strip-shaped sections (18) defining the lateral boundary walls of the passages and/or the strip-shaped sections (16a; 16b) defining the base of the channels opposite to the open mouth thereof.
5. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the through-openings (14; 14'; 14"; 14"'; 14"") are provided in the strip-shaped sections (18) defining the lateral boundary walls of the passages.
6. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the through-openings are constituted by a pattern of stamped openings, provided regularly or irregularly in the film (12).
7. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the through-openings (14") in the strip-shaped sections (18), which define the lateral boundary walls of the channels, are of arch shape, seen in the flow direction.
8. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the through-openings (14'") in the strip-shaped sections (18), defining the lateral boundary walls of the passages, are of triangular shape, seen in the flow direction.
9. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the through-openings (14" ") in the strip-shaped sections (18), defining the lateral boundary walls of the channels, are of trapezoidal shape, seen in the flow direction.
10. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the strip-shaped sections (16a; 16b) defining the respective channel base are flat.
11. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that provided on the transverse ends of the channels defined by the strip-shaped sections (16a, 18, 16b) there is a substantially flat profile strip (32) extending transverse to the channels.
12. Profiled sheet as claimed in claim 11 characterised in that the profile strips (32) constitute a flat unit either with the sections (16a) defining the bases of the channel open on the underside or with the sections (16b) defining the bases of the channels open on the upper side.
13. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12 characterised in that the strip-shaped sections (16a; 18; 16b) defining the channel base and the adjoining sections defining the channel side walls extend at right angles to one another.
14. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the strip-shaped sections (16a; 18; 16b) defining the channel base and the adjoininh channel side walls extend at an angle to one another of less than 90°.
15. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the strip-shaped sections defining the channel base and the adjoining channel side walls extend at an angle to one another of more than 90°.
16. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the channels which are upwardly open in the intended installed condition of the profiled sheet (10" ') are interrupted at at least one and preferably a plurality of positions by transverse channels (34) open to the underside.
17. Profiled sheet as claimed in claim 16, characterised in that the upper sides (36) of the transverse channels (34) are situated in a plane with the upper sides of the sections (16a) defining the base of the channels which are open to the underside.
18. Profiled sheet as claimed in claim 16 or 17, characterised in that water-permeable flow openings of small size are provided from the channels open at the upper side to the transverse channels (34).
19. Profiled sheet as claimed in one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the inherent stiffness of the plastic film (12) of the profiled sheet is so selected that the profiled sheet (10; 10'; 10"; 10" '; 10"") may be rolled up whilst being elastically deformed.
20. Floor covering of floor tiles (24) produced with the use of at least one profiled sheet (10; 10'; 10"; 10"; 10"") as claimed in one of claims 1 to 19 on a support plate (22), characterised in that the profiled sheet(s) (10; 10'; 10"; 10"'; 10"") are loosely placed on the upper side of the support plate (22) or a liquid-tight sheet or foyer (20) provided on it and the floor tiles (24) are adhesively retained on the profiled sheet or the profiled sheets (10; 10'; 10"; 10"'; 10"") by a thin bed adhesive layer (26), such as tile adhesive, thin bed mortar, or the like.

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