EP0893182A1 - Procédé pour la fabrication d'une chemise de cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication d'une chemise de cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0893182A1
EP0893182A1 EP98111215A EP98111215A EP0893182A1 EP 0893182 A1 EP0893182 A1 EP 0893182A1 EP 98111215 A EP98111215 A EP 98111215A EP 98111215 A EP98111215 A EP 98111215A EP 0893182 A1 EP0893182 A1 EP 0893182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press ram
casting mold
molten metal
mold
hollow cylindrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98111215A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0893182B1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Woltmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0893182A1 publication Critical patent/EP0893182A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0893182B1 publication Critical patent/EP0893182B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manufacturing method for a substantially hollow cylindrical Body, in particular for a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine, by pouring a molten metal into a mold with the help of an interior of the hollow cylindrical Body-forming molded body, pressure being applied to the molten metal becomes.
  • Such manufacturing or casting processes are called die casting or die casting known.
  • Cylinder liners for internal combustion engines are usually gravity cast or made by centrifugal casting.
  • a material come in increasing Dimensions of light metal alloys used, especially hypereutectic Aluminum-silicon alloys.
  • the cast cans should have a defined metal structure, d. H. especially to the inside of the sleeve, which is the raceway for the piston of the reciprocating internal combustion engine forms a defined structure with separated Primary silicon is available in a certain grain size.
  • Such a metal structure can, however, only partially with the known manufacturing processes generate with great effort and sometimes not with sufficient accuracy.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a further manufacturing process for essentially hollow cylindrical bodies - these are internal combustion engine cylinder liners - To show which one in the casting process defined metal structure can be generated in the cast product.
  • the pressure on the molten metal during the casting process applied by a press ram which at the same time as a shaped body for Formation of the interior of the hollow cylindrical body or the cylinder liner acts.
  • This press ram displaces the melt into an annular space, which is formed by the press die itself and by the casting mold will, d. H. which then with the plunger fully retracted into the mold Press die and casting mold. This allows you to be special create hollow cylindrical bodies in an elegant way.
  • the press ram additionally heatable, d. H. in particular coolable, so when casting a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy through a defined temperature control a desired one Crystal formation of the silicon primary grains can be achieved.
  • this desired crystal formation in cylinder liners in particular the inside, d. H. desired on the inside of the hollow cylindrical body, which in direct contact with the method according to the invention the ram comes.
  • the mold For filling the mold, however, it can be advantageous to use the mold with regard to the longitudinal axis of the hollow body in relation to the vertical / vertical direction to be inclined to position. Then it is possible before inserting the ram - which is why the mold is preferred is aligned vertically - one that forms as usual on the molten metal To remove oxide skin.
  • the inclination of the mold is preferred for filling with molten metal adjusted so that essentially the required Amount of molten metal that can be filled is an additional one However, the proportion overflows from the inclined mold.
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified Shown mold during the filling with molten metal
  • Figure 2 this casting mold with the press die retracted therein
  • FIG. 3 a different one designed press ram in section
  • Figure 4 shows a detail of another variant of the press ram
  • Figure 5 is the supervision of one of several molds containing mold.
  • the reference number 1 in FIG. 2 denotes a hollow cylindrical body which can be produced by the casting process according to the invention.
  • this hollow cylindrical body 1 can be used after a slight further processing as a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine.
  • the hollow cylindrical body 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a circumferential collar 2 at its upper end region and a bottom 3 at its opposite lower end region, which, like the circumferential collar 2, are not required for use as an internal combustion engine cylinder liner procedural reasons, however, can arise in the manufacturing process according to the invention.
  • the hollow cylindrical body 1 is to be used as an internal combustion engine cylinder liner, it is necessary to trim this body 1 along the dividing lines designated by the reference numerals 4, ie to saw them off at these points. The region of the hollow cylindrical body 1 lying between these two dividing lines 4 can then be used as the cylinder liner.
  • the hollow cylindrical body 1 is now produced as follows: A sufficient, ie essentially the required, amount of molten metal 5 is first introduced into the casting mold, designated as a whole by 10. Here, the casting mold 10 is positioned inclined with respect to the vertical with respect to the axis 6 of the hollow cylindrical body 1, which is referred to below as the longitudinal axis of the hollow body.
  • the metal melt can also be dosed by a pressurized melting furnace itself).
  • the inclination of the casting mold 10 can limit the amount of molten metal 5 introduced in such a way that a proportion of the quantity exceeding the required amount overflows from the inclined casting mold 10.
  • this inclined position of the casting mold 10 it is possible to remove an oxide skin 7, which can form on the surface of the molten metal 5, in a simple manner prior to the further method steps, ie to remove it by means of a suitable stripping element.
  • this oxide skin 7 from being formed at all by introducing an inert gas into the casting mold 10.
  • the casting mold 10 is aligned vertically with respect to the longitudinal axis 6 of the hollow body, ie pivoted from the inclined position into the vertical, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a press ram 20 is inserted into the interior of the casting mold 10 from top to bottom.
  • the dimensions of the mold 10 and the press die 20 are matched to one another in such a way that there is an annular space 9 between the side walls of the press die 20 and the mold 10, which corresponds to the hollow cylindrical body 1 to be produced.
  • the press die 20 thus represents a shaped body for shaping the interior of the hollow cylindrical body 1.
  • the casting mold 10 constructed in two or more parts, two side wall sections 15a, 15b form the outer contour of the hollow cylindrical body 1, while a Bottom plate 14 closes the mold 10 towards the bottom and is required for this is, the molten metal by the press ram moving into the mold 10 20 deflect upwards as lamellar as possible.
  • an additional volume 12 is provided in the mold 10, which the rotating collar 2 of the forms hollow cylindrical body 1.
  • This additional volume 12 acts as Relaxation space for the molten metal 5 displaced into the annular space 9. It is also not shown that with the provision of appropriate free spaces in the Casting mold 10 of course also made cylinder liners with a collar can be, this covenant then within the between the dividing lines 4 area is formed.
  • the pressing die 20 can be moved out of the casting die 10 in the direction of the arrow 8.
  • a scraper ring 11 is provided above the die 10, on which the die 20 slides along the die 10 when it is pulled out.
  • the casting mold 10 can then be opened, ie divided, along a parting plane 16 which contains the longitudinal axis 6 of the hollow body (cf. FIG. 5) in order to be able to remove the hollow cylindrical body 1 from the separable casting mold 10.
  • this hollow cylindrical body 1 is now to be used as an internal combustion engine cylinder liner, then this body 1 is then trimmed along the dividing lines 4, ie the end sections of the hollow cylindrical body 1 lying outside the area delimited by the dividing lines 4 are sawn off.
  • a defined metal structure can be produced in the hollow cylindrical body 1 by the casting process described, and not only because of the pressure acting on the metal melt 5 via the press ram 20 , but also due to the targeted cooling of the molten metal 5 on the one hand in the outer region of the hollow cylindrical body 1 by contact with the casting mold 10, and on the other hand in the inner region of the hollow cylindrical body by contact with the press die 20.
  • both the casting mold 10 and the press die 20 can preferably be suitably temperature-controlled, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • cavities 13 are provided in the casting mold 10, in or through which is a suitable heat transfer medium with a suitable temperature can be directed. So it may be necessary to mold 10 at Filling the molten metal 5 in the first process step (see FIG. 1) heat to prevent pre-solidification of the molten metal 5.
  • the press die 20 reaches the position shown in Figure 2, so can the casting mold 10 through the heat transfer medium / coolant passed through the cavities 13 be cooled to the desired solidification of the Metal melt 5 in the from the mold 10 and the ram 20th to control the formed annular space 9.
  • the press die 20 can also be cooled for this purpose.
  • a temperature control channel 21 for a heat transfer medium or a coolant can be provided for this within the press ram 20, which, starting from a supply connection (not shown) located above, essentially in a direct way to the end face 22 of the press ram 20 and from it helically runs close to the outside of the ram 23 to a discharge connection (not shown) (also at the top).
  • the direct application of the press ram end 22 from the inside with the heat transfer medium / coolant ensures particularly intensive cooling in this highly relevant area, while the cooling effect on the ram outside 23 decreases as desired from bottom to top. Otherwise, liquid or gaseous heat transfer medium / coolant can be used both for the press ram 20 and for the casting mold 10.
  • the temperature of the ram 20 in particular with regard to a desired crystal formation of the silicon primary grains respectively.
  • the silicon grains may be used do not grow too quickly, which is due to the targeted cooling, which one early solidification of the molten metal 5 is beneficial is prevented.
  • Figure 3 also shows a possible design of the press ram end 22, which differs from that of Figure 2. While at the Representation according to Figure 2, the press face end 22 flat and at right angles is formed to the outside of the ram 23 is in the illustration according to FIG. 3, the press face end 22 is concavely curved inwards. In this way, a free space 25 is formed below the end face 22 of the press die, in which when the metal melt 5 is displaced by the Press die 20 an oxide skin located on the molten metal surface (see reference number 7 in Figure 1) can collect. This will avoided that components of this oxide skin 7 in the material of the actual the section forming the hollow cylindrical body 1 (between the two dividing lines 4) can reach.
  • Deviating from this or the design of the press ram shown in Figure 2 2 can also face the press ram end 22 if necessary the hollow body longitudinal axis 6 be inclined, d. H. with the outside of the ram 23 include an angle other than a right angle.
  • FIG. 4 Yet another possible shape for the press face end 22 is shown in FIG. 4, this convexly curved end face 22 being an optimal one Displacement of the molten metal 5 conducive to the press ram 20 is. With this shape, the molten metal 5 is thus through the ram 20 optimally in between the ram 20 and the Casting die 10 displaced lying annular space 9.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a ventilation device 24 for the molten metal 5, which is provided on the end face of the press die 20.
  • this venting device 24 can be an air permeable element, for example from a sintered material, which is in or on a suitable Passage opening is arranged in the press ram end 22.
  • About these Venting device 24 cannot melt metal into the interior of the ram 20 penetrate, but probably between the ram 20 and the molten metal 5 trapped air, so that air pockets / voids in a hollow cylindrical body 1 manufactured according to the invention be avoided.
  • the press die 20 itself can be formed in one part or in several parts.
  • the outside of the ram 23 is expediently slightly conical, in particular around the press die 20, starting from that in FIG shown position after at least substantially complete solidification the metal melt 5 simply against the direction of arrow 8 from the mold 10 to be able to pull out.
  • the casting mold 10 is expediently constructed in several parts and exists alongside a bottom plate 14 of two side wall sections 15a, 15b, which is preferred in a parting plane 16 containing the hollow body longitudinal axis 6 (cf. Figure 5) are separable from each other around the hollow cylindrical body 1 can be removed from the mold 10.
  • the already mentioned cavities 13 for guiding a heat transfer medium provided in particular in the side wall sections 15a, 15b however, are also located in the base plate 14.
  • the Separating plane 16 alternatively also run through this base plate 14.
  • the inner wall forming the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical body 1 the casting mold 10 or the side wall sections 15a, 15b can also with Shape contours, not shown, are provided, which are in the outer surface impress the hollow cylindrical body 1 to be cast.
  • Shape contours can, for example, be designed as corrugation to on the outside of the hollow cylindrical body 1 has a corresponding surface structure to obtain an improved later pouring of the same guaranteed in a housing.
  • cylinder liners for internal combustion engines - and it can be one of those act hollow cylindrical body 1 - provided with ribbing on the outside, as is known to twist or migrate into an internal combustion engine crankcase cast cans inside the same to prevent.
  • Figure 5 also shows that in a multi-mold 10 containing Molding tool 17 several hollow cylindrical bodies 1 lying side by side manufactured, d. H. can be poured.
  • each hollow cylindrical body 1 or each mold 10 has its own press ram 20 required.
  • the individual hollow cylindrical body 1 molded separately from each other or cast / pressed together be, the connection between the individual cylinder liners (or hollow cylindrical body 1) compact or interrupted can be trained.
  • hollow cylindrical expands the production method described in particular for the production of cylinder liners of internal combustion engines, although other hollow cylindrical bodies can also be produced with it.
  • the term hollow cylindrical “expressly does not represent any restriction to rotationally symmetrical bodies, but the hollow cylindrical bodies can also be oval or non-round and have outer and inner contours.
  • cylinder liners can be produced using the casting method described made of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy become.
  • press-cast cylinder liners Processing of the cylinder surfaces is further processed, and this is done here the base material is etched or brushed out on the running surfaces.
  • the silicon grains that are primarily excreted and exposed by this aftertreatment then form an extremely hard and wear-resistant tread for the pistons of the internal combustion engine.
  • a basic requirement for this is of course, that in the cylinder liners or in the hollow cylindrical Body 1 has a defined metal structure, which by casting and a subsequent pressing of the molten metal 5 corresponding to that described Process in particular through targeted exposure to temperature can be generated.
  • the cylinder liners thus produced can then be used for Pouring used in all casting processes and in every engine crankcase are poured in, for this crankcase, So the actual cast body, a well pourable and editable and so that inexpensive aluminum or magnesium alloy can be used can.
  • a cylinder liner as a hollow cylindrical body 1 can be used to generate the desired structure in the solidified molten metal 5 temperature gradients in the range of 1 to 300 Kelvin between the mold 10 and the press die 20 can be realized.
  • the pressures of the die 20 moving into the mold 10 can range from 0.1 bar to 2000 bar.
  • the Press die 20 with a linear or variable speed structure be retracted into the mold 10 in the direction of the arrow 8.
  • the end position limitation for the movement of the ram 20 can be pressure controlled or be path dependent.
  • the Pressure build-up caused by the press die 20 is transferred to the molten metal 5, and the Temperature control of the ram 20 and / or the mold 10 during each work cycle can be designed variably, for example depending from the path or the position of the ram 20 or from the Position of the mold 10.
  • the latter can be pivoted around the molten metal 5 - as shown in Figure 1 - and on the other hand the press die 20 - as shown in Figure 2 - in the geodetic direction of to be able to insert into the mold 10 from top to bottom. Furthermore it may be advisable to turn the casting mold 10 into further positions, tilt it or to be able to proceed, for example after filling according to Figure 1 to another work station, at which then the press ram 20 can be retracted into the mold according to FIG. At this A suitable device is of course required in the workplace it enables the press ram 20 to be as accurate and dimensionally accurate as possible Retract mold 10.
  • hollow cylindrical bodies 1 and in particular cylinder liners can be manufactured individually and inexpensively.
  • This hollow cylindrical body 1 in particular cylinder liners
  • This hollow cylindrical body 1 can Its crystal structure is individually tailored to the later application without alloying the entire casting.
  • various wear-resistant light metal alloys can be used be used, whereby not only a uniform structure be generated over the entire hollow cylindrical body 1 can, but by appropriate tempering or temperature control also an individual structure in different zones of the hollow cylindrical body 1 or the cylinder liner can be obtained.
  • a variety of other details may vary be designed from the embodiment shown, without the content of the claims to leave.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP98111215A 1997-07-22 1998-06-18 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une chemise de cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0893182B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19731804 1997-07-22
DE19731804A DE19731804A1 (de) 1997-07-24 1997-07-24 Herstellverfahren für eine Zylinderbüchse einer Brennkraftmaschine

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EP0893182A1 true EP0893182A1 (fr) 1999-01-27
EP0893182B1 EP0893182B1 (fr) 2002-05-02

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EP98111215A Expired - Lifetime EP0893182B1 (fr) 1997-07-22 1998-06-18 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une chemise de cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne

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EP (1) EP0893182B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19731804A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1779943A1 (fr) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-02 Honsel GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des carters de vilebequins cylindriques en métal léger das les moules en sable

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10221673C5 (de) * 2002-05-16 2008-12-04 Audi Ag Zylinderliner zum Eingießen in ein Zylindergehäuse
DE102008054718B4 (de) * 2008-12-16 2012-11-22 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Gießform für den Schwerkraftguss und Schwerkraftgießverfahren
DE102009023329A1 (de) 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Daimler Ag Gusskern zur Anordnung in einer Gussform

Citations (7)

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DE633209C (de) * 1931-12-29 1936-07-22 Fraser Jones Ltd Verfahren zum Giessen von Hohlbloecken
FR1383823A (fr) * 1963-09-24 1965-01-04 Procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées en acier, fonte, ou autres métaux lourds et pièces ainsi fabriquées
GB2128517A (en) * 1982-07-27 1984-05-02 Gkn Technology Ltd Squeeze-forming press
EP0112848B1 (fr) * 1982-06-17 1986-05-28 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Chemises de moteurs a base d'alliages d'aluminium et de grains de silicium calibres et leurs procedes d'obtention
GB2241452A (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-04 Gkn Technology Ltd Tooling for squeeze casting
DE4434576A1 (de) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-15 Ks Aluminium Technologie Ag Verbundgußzylinder oder -zylinderblock
DE19533529A1 (de) * 1995-09-11 1997-03-13 Vaw Alucast Gmbh Verfahren zum Gießen eines Motorblockes aus Aluminium

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FI77405C (fi) * 1986-03-20 1989-03-10 Uponor Nv Foerfarande och anordning foer framstaellning av kamflaensroer.
DE3885292T2 (de) * 1987-09-08 1994-05-05 Brunswick Corp Vollformgiessverfahren zum giessen einer überentektischen aluminium-silicium-legierung.
NZ236424A (en) * 1989-12-11 1992-08-26 Comalco Ltd Process for casting hypereutectic al-si alloy
GB2243620B (en) * 1990-03-27 1994-06-29 Atsugi Unisia Corp Improvements in and relating to forming aluminium-silicon alloy
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DE633209C (de) * 1931-12-29 1936-07-22 Fraser Jones Ltd Verfahren zum Giessen von Hohlbloecken
FR1383823A (fr) * 1963-09-24 1965-01-04 Procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées en acier, fonte, ou autres métaux lourds et pièces ainsi fabriquées
EP0112848B1 (fr) * 1982-06-17 1986-05-28 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Chemises de moteurs a base d'alliages d'aluminium et de grains de silicium calibres et leurs procedes d'obtention
GB2128517A (en) * 1982-07-27 1984-05-02 Gkn Technology Ltd Squeeze-forming press
GB2241452A (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-04 Gkn Technology Ltd Tooling for squeeze casting
DE4434576A1 (de) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-15 Ks Aluminium Technologie Ag Verbundgußzylinder oder -zylinderblock
DE19533529A1 (de) * 1995-09-11 1997-03-13 Vaw Alucast Gmbh Verfahren zum Gießen eines Motorblockes aus Aluminium

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1779943A1 (fr) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-02 Honsel GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des carters de vilebequins cylindriques en métal léger das les moules en sable

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Publication number Publication date
DE19731804A1 (de) 1999-01-28
EP0893182B1 (fr) 2002-05-02
DE59803969D1 (de) 2002-06-06

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