EP0865889A1 - Vorrichtung zum Herstellen keramischer Gegenstände - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Herstellen keramischer Gegenstände Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0865889A1
EP0865889A1 EP98400546A EP98400546A EP0865889A1 EP 0865889 A1 EP0865889 A1 EP 0865889A1 EP 98400546 A EP98400546 A EP 98400546A EP 98400546 A EP98400546 A EP 98400546A EP 0865889 A1 EP0865889 A1 EP 0865889A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
screw
chamber
installation
extruder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98400546A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0865889B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Mary
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0865889A1 publication Critical patent/EP0865889A1/de
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Publication of EP0865889B1 publication Critical patent/EP0865889B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B28B3/222—Screw or worm constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
    • B28B17/026—Conditioning ceramic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/206—Forcing the material through screens or slots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation for manufacturing on an industrial scale of ceramics, such as bricks, tiles or the like.
  • the clay coming out of the grid in the form of filaments falls to the bottom of a sealed vacuum chamber 34 which it crosses using 32 diggers who break and transfer the clay up a screw extruder 33 capable of passing the clay to through appropriately profiled dies according to the desired shape of the final extruded product.
  • Clay, having crossed continuously and in fragments dimensionally irregular the vacuum chamber 34 is deprived of much of the air it contained. This degassing makes it possible to obtain products extruded from a better and more consistent quality. It is to highlight that the tightness of the chamber 34 at the level of the shaft is provided by lip seals shown in 35.
  • the fragmentation operation is carried out from in such a way that quality cannot be guaranteed homogeneous vacuum created. Indeed, depending on the size of the fragments, we will get a variable vacuum efficiency. This efficiency is therefore random. Finally, we note, as shown in Figure 1, that the screw 30 of the mixer and the screw 33 of the extruder are two independent screws each driven in rotation by a geared motor group independent. This results in maintenance operations heavier and higher installation cost as it support pieces must be provided for each of the screws and sealing in the vacuum chamber 34.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a installation of a new type for manufacturing in the industrial scale of ceramics, such as bricks, tiles or the like, the number of pieces of which is reduced, whose disassembly of the shaft is facilitated and whose design is such that any accumulation of fragments of dry matter in the bottom of the unit chamber degassing is prevented.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a installation comprising means capable of supplying before dimensional material extrusion regular to increase the efficiency of degassing and guarantee its regularity so as to obtain constant quality products.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a installation whose production stoppages are limited in due to the absence of risk of leakage at inside the vacuum chamber during the production due to the absence of parts such as seals necessary to achieve this seal.
  • the invention relates to an installation for manufacturing on an industrial scale of ceramics, such as bricks, tiles or the like, of the type comprising at least one screw mixer, consisting of a screw rotationally mounted inside a trough, followed by a degassing unit for the material from the mixer, this unit comprising at least one room subjected to a vacuum action and means of fragmentation of the material, this unit being followed by an extruder consisting of a screw rotatably mounted inside a trough, this extruder conveying the mixed material and degassed to a die through which the material is shaped, the chamber of the degassing unit containing a screw organized around a horizontal axis common to the screws and the mixer and the extruder, characterized in that this axis consists of a single and same solid rotating shaft carrying all the parts wear of the installation, such as blade (s), propeller (s) and fragmentation organ (s), removably mounted on said shaft, this tree being cantilevered from a geared motor for
  • Cantilever mounting of the shaft fitted with parts removable facilitates maintenance of the installation and makes easy replacement of the shaft.
  • the screw of the degassing can both be used as a fragmentation, as a scraping organ and as an organ sealing inside said chamber vacuum of the degassing unit. All of these functions can therefore be fulfilled by one and the same element, which significantly simplifies construction and design of such an installation.
  • the shaft carrying the wear parts of the installation rotated by means of a geared motor group, is sectioned relative to the group output tree gear motor, the junction between the two shaft sections being ensured by means of an intermediate shaft coupled to the output shaft of the reducer and receiving fitting sliding the shaft carrying the wearing parts, this same intermediate shaft being supported by at least one bearing carrier receiving the radial and axial forces of the shaft wear parts holder.
  • the installation, object of the invention is useful for the manufacturing on an industrial scale of ceramics, particular of bricks.
  • scale manufacturing industrial means an installation capable of produce a few tens of tons to a hundred tonnes per hour of extruded product.
  • Such an installation is generally intended to be registered in a chain of more complete production including, upstream of installation, a continuous supply system material to be treated and, at least downstream of the installation a unit for cutting products to the desired size, the other dimensions being obtained by the die, and a unit for drying and possibly cooking the products.
  • the installation, object of the invention allows the realization of three operations, namely a mixing of the material, a vacuum degassing of the material and extrusion of the material through a die for its shaping.
  • Mixer 1 integrated into the installation is a self known.
  • This mixer called a screw mixer, is consisting of a solid shaft 4 carrying a helical pitch 6 to one end and blades 5 over the rest of its length.
  • the helical pitch 6 and the blades 5 are delimited by means wear parts removably mounted on said shaft 4.
  • these wearing parts are in the form of two half-shells intended to be assembled by appropriate connection means around the shaft 4.
  • the assembly thus formed is rotatably mounted at inside a trough 15.
  • This trough 15 is generally open on top to allow feeding continuously from the mixer in the material to be treated.
  • This subject is generally carried by a conveyor belt which, at as it scrolls, brings the matter by gravity to the interior of the trough 15.
  • the material thus brought to the inside of the trough is kneaded by the blades 5 of the mixer 1 before being brought into the portion of the mixer equipped with propellers 6.
  • the walls of trough 15 of mixer 1 converge to delimit a compression mouth 25 whose role will be described below.
  • the mixer 1 can optionally be provided with a mooring ramp and / or steam piping for allow the addition of adjuvants, such as water, to inside the material.
  • the shaft 4 blade carriers 5 and propeller carriers 6 of the mixer 1 is rotated by means of a geared motor group 23.
  • This geared motor group 23 is arranged outside the mixer upstream of the latter in the direction of travel of material inside the mixer.
  • This mixer 1 is followed by a unit 2 for deaeration of the material from mixer 1.
  • This unit 2 of deaeration which will be described in more detail below, includes a chamber 21 subjected to a vacuum action at by means of a vacuum pump 11 connected to said chamber and material fragmentation means arranged at the inlet of said room.
  • This degassing unit 2 is followed by an extruder 3 consisting, in a conventional manner, of a screw mounted rotation inside a trough 14.
  • This extruder 3 conveys the mixed and degassed material to a die 22 through which the material is shaped.
  • the trough 14 is formed, in a manner known per se, of two half-shells assembled by appropriate connecting means, these half-shells being capable of pivoting around of a substantially vertical axis to allow their swivel opening in the extruder area opposite to that carrying the die 22. Such a articulation thus facilitates access to the screw the extruder.
  • This screw consists of a shaft 4 and wear parts 13 in the form of a propeller so as to constitute a continuous helical thread allowing the advancement of the material through the trough 14.
  • the gauge 14 thus produced household outlet a mouth carrying the die 22 of the installation.
  • the extruder screw is also rotated by means of a geared motor group, in the occurrence in the example shown, the group geared motor 23, rotating the screw of the mixer.
  • the designs of mixer 1 and extruder 3 do not have in themselves no new characteristic.
  • the degassing unit 2 is more particularly characteristic of the invention.
  • Room 21 placed under vacuum from degassing unit 2 contains an organized screw around an axis common to the screws of mixer 1 and the extruder 3. This portion of the screw is in particular shown in Figure 5.
  • This portion of the screw is consisting of a portion of the shaft 4 and wearing parts 7 which provide a helical pitch on said shaft allowing advancement of the material through said vacuum chamber 21.
  • the vacuum pump 11, arranged outside of the installation, is connected to said chamber 21 so as to open radially into said chamber, as shown Figure 5.
  • this tree 4 which carries all the wear parts of the installation, is cantilevered from the gear motor 23 drive in rotation from the shaft to the mouth die holder 22 of the installation. Thanks to this assembly, avoids the presence of bearings in contact with the material, which reduces maintenance operations and consequently production stop.
  • shaft 4 which carries the wearing parts, shown in 5, 6, 9, 10 and 13, of the installation, driven in rotation by means of the group geared motor 23, is sectioned relative to the shaft of output 16 of the gearmotor group 23. The junction between the two shaft sections 4 and 16 is ensured by means of a intermediate shaft 17 coupled to the output shaft 16 of the reducer and receiving with sliding fitting the shaft 4 bearing the wearing parts. This fitting is shown in Figure 3.
  • This same intermediate shaft 17 is supported by at least one bearing bearing the forces radial and axial of the shaft 4 wear parts holder.
  • this intermediate shaft 17 is fitted with a stop 18 constituting a bearing bearing casing the axial forces of the shaft and of the bearings 19 constituting bearings carriers receiving the radial forces of the shaft 4 workpiece carrier of wear.
  • This intermediate shaft 17 is coupled to the reducer output shaft 16 by means of a through fitting 20, such as a screw, as shown in Figure 2.
  • This through fastener 20 comes also engaged inside a female thread central preference of the shaft 4. Thanks to such a coupling of shaft 4 to output shaft 16 of the gearmotor group 23, it becomes particularly easy to dismantle the shaft 4.
  • this shaft 4 is mounted inclined upwards from the gearmotor group 23 to the die holder mouth 22 of the installation to center in a plane vertical the end of the tree inside the trough 14 of the extruder so as to avoid premature wear wearing parts and the bottom of the trough 14.
  • the shaft 4 is bent by wearing parts. This bending has the effect of making excessively rub the propellers in the bottom of the tank and therefore create premature wear not only on the propellers but also in the bottom of the tank the extruder. It is for this reason that the tree is tilted up.
  • the tree is mounted from the group geared motor 23 to the die holder mouth 22 of installation in such a way that the end of the tree, located inside the trough 14 of the extruder, is offset in a horizontal plane towards the side wall left or the right side wall of said trough 14, the eccentricity direction (to the right or to the left) being a function of the direction of rotation of the screw the extruder.
  • the eccentricity direction to the right or to the left
  • Installation is not completed of clay only at its end on the outlet side, i.e. on the side of the die holder mouth 22. In this part, because the installation is full, the distribution of forces on the tree is uniform.
  • This fragmentation organ 9 consists of a grid affecting here the shape of a spoke wheel as shown Figure 4.
  • This fragmentation member 9 carried by the shaft 4 is arranged at the inlet of the chamber 21 of the unit degassing 2.
  • This fragmentation member 9 cooperates with the portion of helical screw contained in the deaeration 21 so as to obtain a continuous scraping of the walls of chamber 21 thereby preventing any clogging from the room.
  • the radial terminal portion 8 of the helical screw contained in the vacuum chamber 21 of degassing unit 2 comes flush against the plane of the fragmentation organ 9.
  • This terminal end radial 8 of the screw has an opening 12 in the form of helical sector to allow free crossing of the fragmented material towards the extruder 3. Avoid thus any overpressure during fragmentation.
  • This helical sector represents substantially a third of the surface of the helical step.
  • a heel 24 forming a spacer between the plane of the screw thread and the plane of the 9. So, depending on the position of the rotary screw, the fragments of matter leaving the organ of fragmentation 9 can freely fall to the bottom of the vacuum chamber 21 when the exit of these fragments from the grid 9 operates when the screw is in a position of the type shown in Figure 4.
  • the meaning of screw rotation is represented by an arrow in this figure 4.
  • the walls delimiting the vacuum chamber 21, of preferably circular, are arranged in the extension walls of the extruder trough 3.
  • the fragmentation operation can be carried out according to a large number of embodiments.
  • the rotary grid 9 cooperates with a comb 10, affecting the shape of an internally castellated wheel as shown in Figure 4, this comb being arranged upstream of the grid in the direction of advancement of the material, so as to obtain a systematic shearing of the matter by regularly fragmenting it in dimensional terms.
  • This regular fragmentation is particularly important to prevent any risk of clogging at the helical screw housed at inside the vacuum chamber 21.
  • the propeller 7 of the screw arranged at the interior of the vacuum chamber 21 could also be used as a fragmentation organ provided that the grid 9 is a static grid. The material passing to across the grid would then be systematically fragmented during the rotation of the screw portion housed at the interior of chamber 21.
  • the organs of fragmentation 9 and 10 can be made in one piece or made in several elements, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the conformation of the walls of the trough 15 of the mixer 1 is such that the mixer ends with a mouth of compression 25 located immediately upstream of the fragmentation 9 or fragmentation organs 9 and 10 when the installation is equipped with at least two components of fragmentation.
  • room 21 of the unit of degassing 2 in combination with the screw portion 7 housed at the interior of said chamber 21 constitutes a relaxation.
  • This is also linked to the configuration of the walls of chamber 21 and the helical pitch chosen for the screw inside the room 21. Indeed, we note that this pitch is much flatter than the pitch of the screw of the mixer. This avoids the entrainment of material towards the vacuum pump 11 which is connected the sealed chamber 21.
  • the portion of the screw to the interior of chamber 21 performs a third function by its configuration which is to prevent training material towards the vacuum pump.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP98400546A 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen keramischer Gegenstände Expired - Lifetime EP0865889B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9702920A FR2760676A1 (fr) 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Installation pour la fabrication de ceramiques
FR9702920 1997-03-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0865889A1 true EP0865889A1 (de) 1998-09-23
EP0865889B1 EP0865889B1 (de) 2002-09-04

Family

ID=9504648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98400546A Expired - Lifetime EP0865889B1 (de) 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen keramischer Gegenstände

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0865889B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE223286T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69807553T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2182241T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2760676A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19952137C2 (de) * 1999-07-30 2003-06-18 Petersen Service Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Delaminierung plastischer, insbesondere keramischer Massen
AT511564A1 (de) * 2010-10-22 2012-12-15 Zeppelin Reimelt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen eines schüttgutes oder einer pastösen masse
CN106182410A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-07 陈依林 一种3d打印用石膏材料高效搅拌装置
KR101739660B1 (ko) 2015-12-15 2017-05-24 현대건설주식회사 이종 높이의 블레이드를 갖는 호퍼 그레이팅 장치

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117486617A (zh) * 2023-10-07 2024-02-02 衡阳凯新特种材料科技有限公司 一种多孔氮化硅陶瓷的制备方法及装置

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE88860C (de) *
GB408740A (en) * 1932-12-10 1934-04-19 Internat Clay Machinery Co Improvements in or relating to clay-working machines
US1964266A (en) * 1932-11-16 1934-06-26 Internat Clay Machinery Compan Auger machine
FR769279A (fr) * 1933-10-30 1934-08-23 Appareil pour débarrasser des gaz occlus les masses plastiques destinées aux moulages sous pression
GB435210A (en) * 1934-04-30 1935-09-17 Alfred Farmer Improvements in or relating to sanitary pipe making machines, sanitary pipe making machine feeders and pug mills
FR808787A (fr) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs destinés à la désaération des argiles dans les étireuses ou presses à boudiner
DE649187C (de) * 1933-02-16 1937-08-18 Wilhelm Ludowici Dr Ing Schneckenpresse
DE657758C (de) * 1935-07-19 1938-03-12 Richard Raupach Maschinenfabri Entlueftende Strangpresse, Tonschneider oder Tonmischer zum Aufschliessen von schweraufschliessbaren Massen
FR832219A (fr) * 1937-01-19 1938-09-23 Ziegelei Oberburg A G Presse d'étirage muni d'un dispositif d'évacuation de l'air, pour la mise en oeuvre de matières plastiques, notamment de matières céramiques
GB514444A (en) * 1938-05-05 1939-11-08 Tyne Metal Company Ltd Improvements relating to machines for extruding clay and similar plastic substances
DE751252C (de) * 1940-11-20 1953-02-23 Eisengiesserei Entlueftungseinrichtung fuer Pressen
DE943510C (de) * 1950-09-22 1956-05-24 August C Heil Schneckenpresse fuer Tonwaren u. dgl.
GB989330A (en) * 1963-02-04 1965-04-14 Buss Ag Improvements in machines for kneading and extruding plastic masses
FR2457164A1 (fr) * 1979-05-21 1980-12-19 Verdes Marti Extrudeuse pour pates ceramiques
JPS60101023A (ja) * 1983-11-08 1985-06-05 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 熱硬化性樹脂の押出成形方法及び装置
DE3408935A1 (de) * 1984-03-12 1985-09-12 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Schneckenextruder

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE88860C (de) *
US1964266A (en) * 1932-11-16 1934-06-26 Internat Clay Machinery Compan Auger machine
GB408740A (en) * 1932-12-10 1934-04-19 Internat Clay Machinery Co Improvements in or relating to clay-working machines
DE649187C (de) * 1933-02-16 1937-08-18 Wilhelm Ludowici Dr Ing Schneckenpresse
FR769279A (fr) * 1933-10-30 1934-08-23 Appareil pour débarrasser des gaz occlus les masses plastiques destinées aux moulages sous pression
GB435210A (en) * 1934-04-30 1935-09-17 Alfred Farmer Improvements in or relating to sanitary pipe making machines, sanitary pipe making machine feeders and pug mills
DE657758C (de) * 1935-07-19 1938-03-12 Richard Raupach Maschinenfabri Entlueftende Strangpresse, Tonschneider oder Tonmischer zum Aufschliessen von schweraufschliessbaren Massen
FR808787A (fr) * 1935-11-05 1937-02-15 Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs destinés à la désaération des argiles dans les étireuses ou presses à boudiner
FR832219A (fr) * 1937-01-19 1938-09-23 Ziegelei Oberburg A G Presse d'étirage muni d'un dispositif d'évacuation de l'air, pour la mise en oeuvre de matières plastiques, notamment de matières céramiques
GB514444A (en) * 1938-05-05 1939-11-08 Tyne Metal Company Ltd Improvements relating to machines for extruding clay and similar plastic substances
DE751252C (de) * 1940-11-20 1953-02-23 Eisengiesserei Entlueftungseinrichtung fuer Pressen
DE943510C (de) * 1950-09-22 1956-05-24 August C Heil Schneckenpresse fuer Tonwaren u. dgl.
GB989330A (en) * 1963-02-04 1965-04-14 Buss Ag Improvements in machines for kneading and extruding plastic masses
FR2457164A1 (fr) * 1979-05-21 1980-12-19 Verdes Marti Extrudeuse pour pates ceramiques
JPS60101023A (ja) * 1983-11-08 1985-06-05 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 熱硬化性樹脂の押出成形方法及び装置
DE3408935A1 (de) * 1984-03-12 1985-09-12 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Schneckenextruder

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 249 (M - 419) 5 October 1985 (1985-10-05) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19952137C2 (de) * 1999-07-30 2003-06-18 Petersen Service Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Delaminierung plastischer, insbesondere keramischer Massen
AT511564A1 (de) * 2010-10-22 2012-12-15 Zeppelin Reimelt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen eines schüttgutes oder einer pastösen masse
AT511564B1 (de) * 2010-10-22 2013-03-15 Zeppelin Reimelt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und verfahren zum mischen eines schüttgutes oder einer pastösen masse
KR101739660B1 (ko) 2015-12-15 2017-05-24 현대건설주식회사 이종 높이의 블레이드를 갖는 호퍼 그레이팅 장치
CN106182410A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-07 陈依林 一种3d打印用石膏材料高效搅拌装置
CN106182410B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2018-09-28 杭州先临易加三维科技有限公司 一种3d打印用石膏材料搅拌装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2760676A1 (fr) 1998-09-18
ES2182241T3 (es) 2003-03-01
DE69807553T2 (de) 2003-04-30
EP0865889B1 (de) 2002-09-04
DE69807553D1 (de) 2002-10-10
ATE223286T1 (de) 2002-09-15

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