EP0859112B1 - Window or door comprising a thin high performance insulating glazing - Google Patents

Window or door comprising a thin high performance insulating glazing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859112B1
EP0859112B1 EP98400306A EP98400306A EP0859112B1 EP 0859112 B1 EP0859112 B1 EP 0859112B1 EP 98400306 A EP98400306 A EP 98400306A EP 98400306 A EP98400306 A EP 98400306A EP 0859112 B1 EP0859112 B1 EP 0859112B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
use according
opening
wall
window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98400306A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0859112A1 (en
Inventor
Yves Demars
René Poix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP0859112A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859112A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0859112B1 publication Critical patent/EP0859112B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/30—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
    • E06B3/308—Wing frames covered on the outside by a rigidly-mounted outer frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
    • E06B1/60—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by mechanical means, e.g. anchoring means
    • E06B1/6015—Anchoring means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new type of window or door design comprising thin high-performance insulating glazing, for example vacuum insulating glazing.
  • windows it is known to make windows to form on the one hand a frame or a frame, for example made of wood, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc., in a bay formed in the masonry of an enclosure such as for example in that of a building and on the other hand one or more leaves coming at least partially into the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.
  • a frame or a frame for example made of wood, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.
  • This insertion is necessary due in particular to the thickness of the glazing and consequently to the thickness of the window, in particular when it is an insulating window consisting of an insulating glazing formed of two sheets of glass separated from each other by a gas slide.
  • the object of the invention is to use a window or door, the installation of which is simplified and does not require a step consisting in filling a space and guaranteeing its tightness and the dimensions of which are adaptable to a range of wall opening dimensions.
  • this use of a device in the form of a window or a door intended to close off a bay of an enclosure and to be applied as a surface on a wall of the enclosure said device comprising an opening such that at least one leaf or a sliding element, said opening comprising an insulating glazing which comprises at least two sheets of glass, and a frame, the opening being applied as a surface on the frame, is characterized in that the frame is applied against the external surface of the wall so as to provide a seal between the wall and the frame.
  • the edges of the window or door are fixed to the wall of the enclosure to be closed so that the window or door remains parallel to the doorway and does not fit into the thickness of the wall.
  • the window or door is applied on the wall on the inside of the enclosure, according to a second variant, it is applied on the wall on the outside of the enclosure and according to a third variant , it is applied on a post located in the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.
  • the frame of said window or door is produced in situ, that is to say during the installation of said window or door, it is produced on site and is directly fixed to the wall.
  • a frame is for example constituted by plates or boards of wood, aluminum, PVC, etc. directly fixed in the masonry by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing.
  • the frame contributes on the one hand to the dressing of the window and will make it possible to receive hardware elements participating in the opening and closing of the window such as hinges, latches, etc.
  • the frame of said window or door includes systems for adjusting the supports of the frame on the wall compensating for the flatness of the masonry.
  • Such adjustment systems are, for example, made up of shims inserted inside the fixing holes made in the frame for fixing the latter in the masonry. In this way, the frame remains parallel to the plane of the wall which ensures perfect maintenance of said frame. All other adjustment systems known to those skilled in the art can be used to overcome the flatness of the masonry.
  • the frame of said window or door includes a system for leveling said frame with respect to the opening.
  • a leveling system can be produced by any means known to those skilled in the art, such as for example by a wedge wedge system with support screw.
  • this bias wedge system the frame rests on this wedge, itself resting on the edge of the bay, and by playing on the support screw, the height of the frame is adjusted. In this way, the frame is positioned relative to the opening of the opening and to the horizontal.
  • seals are arranged on the face of the frame opposite the wall comprising the opening, these then being crushed when the said frame is placed on the wall. This crushing of the joints makes it possible to obtain a good seal between the masonry and the frame.
  • the seals are, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), expanded polyurethane (PU) or not, silicone, ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) or any other material known to man of career.
  • a peripheral finish of the seal between the frame and the wall is produced by depositing a seal of the mastic type. This finish strengthens the seal.
  • the opening of said window or door is placed on the frame of said window or door.
  • the opening is in a plane parallel to the plane of said frame.
  • the opening of said window or door according to the invention consists of a glass structure, itself made up of at least one sheet of glass.
  • the glass structure of said window or door consists of vacuum insulating glazing.
  • Such glazing consists of two sheets of glass separated from each other by a space in which the vacuum is produced and is, in particular, described in patent application EP-A-645,516.
  • Such glazing has various advantages for the intended application. First of all, it has a small thickness, which makes it possible to produce a window the opening of which can simply come to bear on the frame without creating an excessive excess thickness which would be unacceptable, if only from a point of view aesthetic. Then, the structure of such a glazing gives it rigidity and sufficient strength so that it is not necessary to associate a frame to form the opening itself leading to a very large thickness as on insulating windows usually performed.
  • the dimensions of the glass structure are at least as large as those of the opening to be closed.
  • the opening comprises a covering on at least one face of the insulating glazing at the periphery.
  • This covering can be carried out on the face of the glazing oriented either towards the inside of the enclosure, or towards the outside or also on the two faces of the glazing at the periphery. They can be wooden plates matching those of the frame. It can also be made of aluminum, plastic, for example of the PVC type or any other known material.
  • Such a covering makes it possible in particular to mask the peripheral sealing joint of the glazing and to receive the hardware elements such as hinges, bolts complementary to those of the frame.
  • the covering of the insulating glazing is carried out by gluing.
  • two claddings of different material can be associated with the same glazing.
  • the adhesive used for bonding has, after hardening, specific mechanical characteristics, these characteristics depending in particular on the bonding surface used.
  • said adhesive must have a shear strength greater than 0.1 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 2000 cm 2 , a shear resistance greater than 0.25 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 800 cm 2 , a resistance shear greater than 0.5 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 400 cm 2 , ..., this resistance being inversely proportional to the bonding surface used.
  • Said adhesive must also have a heat resistance of at least 130 ° C.
  • the glue used to glue the glass structure to the uprights used for the covering is, for example, a mono or two-component silicone, a single or two-component acrylic and / or metacrylic adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, ..., said glue having the characteristics defined above to guarantee the holding of the glass to the uprights and to receive and support the forces to which the glass is subjected during handling of the opening.
  • the adhesive is distributed in the space delimited by the glass structure and the amounts of the covering, the thickness and the width of the adhesive depending on the type of adhesive used.
  • thickness of the glue is meant the average distance between the surface of the glass and the surface of the amount of the facing facing.
  • the term "width" of the adhesive means the width over which the glass is bonded, this width possibly being less than the distance from the end of the amount of the covering and the central core of the amount.
  • bonding can be envisaged with different glues and can even be envisaged directly between the amount of covering and the glass structure without adding glue.
  • the amount of the covering is made of an acrylic and / or metacrylic material
  • bonding can be done directly, the acrylic and / or metacrylic material acting as glue and being brought into contact with the glass before hardening.
  • the covering of the glazing is produced by embedding the glazing in grooves made beforehand in the covering.
  • a covering on either side of the glazing, that is to say on the two faces, makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation at the level of the peripheral sealing joint of the glazing, this zone of the glazing being the most sensitive.
  • the window or door according to the invention is such that the covering is made of a material such as wood, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, aluminum, an acrylic and / or metacrylic resin, an agglomerated or composite material or a mixture of two or more of these materials.
  • a covering made up of a mixture of different materials it is possible to reduce the volume used of noble materials of a high cost, by dressing one side with this noble material and the other side with a material of a cost inferior.
  • the clear view of said window or door is of dimension almost identical to that of the bay, by clear sight means the transparent area of the assembly.
  • This embodiment thus makes it possible to optimize the dimensions of the bay and the lighting of the enclosure as much as possible; this contrary to the conventional windows which are inserted in the thickness of the wall and which, therefore, reduce the possible dimensions of sight, reduction equivalent to the width of the frame.
  • such an embodiment also allows thermal optimization of the insulating glazing under vacuum. Indeed when the clear view is almost identical in size to that of the bay, the glass structure is larger than that of the bay and as a result, there is an overlap of the glass structure and the masonry.
  • Such an overlap makes it possible to isolate the most thermally sensitive point of the glass structure, that is to say for the insulating glazing under vacuum the peripheral sealing joint, thus the creation of thermal bridge is avoided and the insulation obtained by the whole is improved.
  • such an embodiment allows the use of materials such as aluminum, usually little used in the production of window or door because of their thermal conduction. Indeed, the insulation of the edge of the glass structure provided by the masonry is sufficient and thus allows the use of more or less conductive materials for the peripheral covering of the glass structure since the creation of thermal bridge is greatly reduced.
  • seals are deposited on the periphery of the opening either on the opening, or on the frame, or partially on the opening and partially on the frame. The installation of such joints makes it possible to produce a seal between the leaf and the frame.
  • the seals deposited on the opening are either on the glazing, or on the covering.
  • the glazing has no covering on the face in contact with the frame, a seal is formed between the frame and the glazing itself.
  • the seals are deposited by extrusion. In this way, the joints are perfectly continuous, which makes it possible to obtain a perfect seal.
  • the window or door according to the invention allows, as explained above, a better adaptation to masonry structures than traditional windows or doors, adaptation to different bay dimensions and / or adaptation to masonry faults in the bay or on the wall around from the bay. It is also easier to attach and allows the use of standard hardware accessories. It is, moreover, more easily customizable thanks to the various dressing possibilities.
  • the window or door according to the invention can be in the form already assembled or can also be in the form of detached elements (these elements being at least the frame, the glass structure and the covering of the glass structure defined above. ), the elements being assembled and the window or door mounted at the level of the end user.
  • the windows or doors according to the invention simply come to be applied to the wall of the enclosure to be closed due in particular to their thin thickness and the rigidity of the insulating glazing which makes it possible not to associate a bulky surround or frame. Consequently, it is possible to make the frame directly on the wall of the enclosure and therefore without the need to fill an empty space by having to make a seal which is often difficult to obtain.
  • This embodiment of a window or door in which the frame is applied on a wall brings other advantages. It allows in particular to have a standard glazing model for a large number of dimensions of openings to be closed. Indeed, since the frame can be directly fixed in the wall, it is possible to play on the dimensions of the covering or on the rebate depth used during the covering, for example, in particular to adapt a glazing to an opening of dimensions smaller than those of the glazing or, in the opposite case, of playing on the dimensions of the frame to adapt a glazing to an opening of dimensions greater than those of the glazing.
  • this embodiment of a window or surface-mounted door allows the opening of said window or door by a "sliding" type system on rails which allows a 100% opening, the sliding opening so as to come to be totally superimposed on the part of the wall of the enclosure.
  • traditional sliding devices require a covering of at least two glazing which leads to a partial closure of the opening.
  • a window with a leaf according to the invention. It consists of a frame (2.2 ') and an opening 3, itself composed of insulating glazing under vacuum 4 and a covering (5.5').
  • the frame (2,2 ') is applied to the wall 1 of an enclosure to be closed.
  • a frame (2.2 ′) is for example made up of plates or boards of wood, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to those skilled in the art.
  • the frame 2 is directly fixed in the wall 1 by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing. These fasteners are not shown in the figures.
  • Hardware elements 6 and 8 participating in the opening and closing of the window are fixed to the lateral edges of this frame 2.
  • the opening 3 is applied on the frame 2 and is essentially constituted by an insulating glazing under vacuum 4.
  • This insulating glazing under vacuum 4 consists of two sheets of glass 13 and 14 separated from each other by a space 15 in which the vacuum is created.
  • This glazing 4 is described in particular in patent application EP-A-645,516.
  • This glazing 4 comprises a covering (5.5 ′) on its two faces on the periphery.
  • This covering (5.5 ′) can be made of wood, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to those skilled in the art.
  • This covering (5.5 ′) is produced for example by gluing using, for example, mono or two-component silicone glue 10.
  • Elements 7 and 9 complementary to elements 6 and 8 are fixed on the lateral edges of the covering (5.5 ').
  • the assembly 6 and 7 allows rotation of the opening on one of its edges and the assembly 8 and 9 allows the locking of the opening 3 on the frame 2.
  • the invention is not limited to these elements 6, 7, 8 and 9; all other hardware elements known to those skilled in the art can be used in the production of the window according to the invention.
  • the seal between the door 3 and the frame 2 is made using seals 11 crushed between the frame and the door; these seals are, for example, PVC.
  • the seals 11 can be removed, for example, by extrusion, either directly on the covering 5 ', either directly on the frame 2 or even partially on the covering 5' and partially on the frame 2.
  • a so-called “water jet” element 12 is fixed to the covering 5 ′ on the outside side.
  • FIG 3 and Figure 4 a first type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a frame (22.22 ', 27.27') and an opening (23.23 '), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 24 and a covering (25.25 ').
  • the frame (22,22 ') is applied to the wall 21 of an enclosure to be closed.
  • the seal between the frame (22,22 ′) and the wall 21 is produced using crushed seals 31 and the elements for fixing said frame to the wall 21 are not shown.
  • the opening (23.23 ') is applied to the frame (22.22', 27.27 ') and essentially consists of two glazing units under vacuum 24. These glazing units 24 have a covering (25.25') on their two faces on the periphery.
  • the seal between the frame 22 and the opening (23,23 ') is produced using crushed seals 31.
  • the part of the frame (27,27 ') is located in the central part of the wall opening to be closed and allows this opening to be separated in two in the height direction.
  • the opening consists of two leaves (23.23 ') each essentially consisting of insulating glazing 24.
  • the insulating glazing 24 includes a covering (25.25') on their two faces at the periphery.
  • the claddings (25.25 ') of these glazings 24 are made so that when the two leaves of the leaf (23.23') close the opening, they are face to face and applied to the part of the frame 27.
  • seals 31 ′ are deposited at the junction of the two linings (25.25 ') opposite.
  • seal 31 ' providing the seal, in contact with the frame 27 and the two covers 25' and on the opposite face, that is to say say oriented inside the enclosure, there is a joint 31 'in contact with the two linings 25 and an element 16 placed astride the two linings 25.
  • This element 16 consists for example of a plate made of an insulating material corresponding to the material of the covering 25 of the glazing 24 and is fixed by any means known to those skilled in the art to one of the leaves of the opening, here the leaf 23 ′, directly on the covering.
  • the addition of element 16 also makes it possible to neutralize the thermal bridge of the junction of the two leaves of the leaf (23,23 ').
  • Hardware elements 26 participating in the rotation of the leaves of the sash are fixed on the side edges of the sash (23,23 ') and on the edges of the frame 22 facing each other and hardware elements 28 and 29 , such as for example a cremone bolt, participating in the locking of the window are integrated into the leaf 23 '.
  • a so-called “water jet” element 32 is fixed to the covering 25' on the outer side and to the frame 22. Under this element 32 is a wedge wedge system with support screw 17 making it possible to level the frame 22 relative to the opening.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a second type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a frame (42.42 ') and an opening (43.43'), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 44 and a covering (45.45 ').
  • the frame (42,42 ') is applied on an upright located in the thickness of the wall 41 of an enclosure to be closed and the opening (43,43') is applied on the frame. In this way, the window is set back from the general plane of the wall and then forms a recess in the wall 41.
  • the seal between the different elements is achieved using crushed seals 51, hardware elements such as hinges 46, are used in the production of the window and the lower edge of the window includes an element 52 called "water jet".
  • the element 52 is completed by an element 18 for protecting the outside edge of the opening which can be fixed by any means known to the person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of a window with two leaves. It consists of a frame (62.62 ') and an opening (63.63'), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 64 and a covering (65.65 ').
  • the frame (62,62 ') is applied to the wall 61 of an enclosure to be closed and the opening (63,63') is applied to the frame.
  • the sealing between the different elements is achieved using crushed joints 71 and hardware elements such as hinges 66 and a cremone bolt 69 are used in the production of the window.
  • the glazing units 64 are not positioned in the same plane and their free ends overlap.
  • These two glazing units 64 each comprise a covering (65.65 ′) on the two faces of the glazing at the periphery.
  • These two skins (65.65 ') however remain in the same plane.
  • This covering (65.65 ′) is such that the periphery of the glazing is fully covered except for the part of the glazing which is in contact with the other glazing when these overlap.
  • the thermal bridge of the sealing joint of one of the glazings is neutralized by putting it in front of a full surface of the other glazing which, for its part, is very insulating, without adding any additional element. .

Abstract

The door or window frame (2,2') has its opening (3) composed of vacuum insulating glazing (4) and an aluminium casing (5,5'). The frame is fixed to a wall (1) of an enclosure. The hardware elements (8) for the opening and closing of the window are fixed on the frame side edges. The window is made from vacuum insulating glazing in turn made from two glass sheets (13,14) separated by a vacuum space (15). The window is sealed to the frame by joints (11).

Description

La présente invention concerne un nouveau type de conception de fenêtre ou porte comprenant un vitrage isolant mince à haute performance, par exemple un vitrage isolant sous vide.The present invention relates to a new type of window or door design comprising thin high-performance insulating glazing, for example vacuum insulating glazing.

Il est connu pour réaliser des fenêtres de former d'une part un châssis ou dormant, par exemple en bois, aluminium, chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC), etc..., dans une baie formée dans la maçonnerie d'une enceinte telle que par exemple dans celle d'un bâtiment et d'autre part un ou plusieurs vantaux venant au moins partiellement s'insérer dans l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'enceinte.It is known to make windows to form on the one hand a frame or a frame, for example made of wood, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc., in a bay formed in the masonry of an enclosure such as for example in that of a building and on the other hand one or more leaves coming at least partially into the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.

Cette insertion, au moins partielle, est nécessaire du fait notamment de l'épaisseur du vitrage et par conséquent de l'épaisseur de la fenêtre, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'une fenêtre isolante constitué d'un vitrage isolant formé de deux feuilles de verre séparées l'une de l'autre par une lame de gaz.This insertion, at least partially, is necessary due in particular to the thickness of the glazing and consequently to the thickness of the window, in particular when it is an insulating window consisting of an insulating glazing formed of two sheets of glass separated from each other by a gas slide.

L'installation de ces fenêtres peut poser quelques problèmes, notamment des problèmes de tolérances ; les tolérances admises pour la maçonnerie sont de l'ordre du centimètre alors que celles des fenêtres sont de l'ordre du millimètre. Il est donc nécessaire lors de la pose d'une fenêtre de toujours veiller à combler l'espace pouvant exister entre la fenêtre et la maçonnerie et garantir une parfaite étanchéité.The installation of these windows can pose some problems, in particular problems of tolerances; the tolerances allowed for masonry are of the order of a centimeter while those of windows are of the order of a millimeter. It is therefore necessary when installing a window to always make sure to fill the space that may exist between the window and the masonry and guarantee a perfect seal.

Par ailleurs, pour la pose de telles fenêtres, il est nécessaire d'avoir des dimensions de baie à obturer correspondantes aux dimensions standards de fenêtres. Dans le cas inverse, c'est-à-dire quand les dimensions d'ouverture de la paroi ne correspondent pas à celles des fenêtres de dimensions standards, il est nécessaire de fabriquer des fenêtres sur mesure, ce qui augmente le coût de revient de la fenêtre.Furthermore, for the installation of such windows, it is necessary to have opening dimensions to be closed corresponding to the standard window dimensions. In the opposite case, that is to say when the opening dimensions of the wall does not correspond to those of standard size windows, it is necessary to manufacture custom windows, which increases the cost price of the window.

L'invention a pour but l'utilisation d'une fenêtre ou porte dont l'installation est simplifiée et ne nécessite pas d'étape consistant à combler un espace et à en garantir l'étanchéité et dont les dimensions sont adaptables à une gamme de dimensions d'ouverture de paroi.The object of the invention is to use a window or door, the installation of which is simplified and does not require a step consisting in filling a space and guaranteeing its tightness and the dimensions of which are adaptable to a range of wall opening dimensions.

Selon l'invention, cette utilisation de dispositif sous forme de fenêtre ou de porte destiné à obturer une baie d'une enceinte et à être posé en applique sur une paroi de l'enceinte, ledit dispositif comprenant un ouvrant tel qu'au moins un vantail ou un élément coulissant, ledit ouvrant comprenant un vitrage isolant qui comprend au moins deux feuilles de verre, et un dormant, l'ouvrant étant posé en applique sur le dormant, est caractérisée en ce que le dormant est appliqué contre la surface extérieure de la paroi de façon à réaliser une étanchéité entre la paroi et le dormant. De cette manière, les bords de la fenêtre ou porte sont fixés sur la paroi de l'enceinte à obturer de telle sorte que la fenêtre ou porte reste parallèle à l'embrasure et ne s'insère pas dans l'épaisseur de la paroi. Ainsi, il n'existe aucun espace vide à combler et par conséquent l'opération consistant à réaliser une étanchéité souvent délicate à obtenir n'est plus nécessaire.According to the invention, this use of a device in the form of a window or a door intended to close off a bay of an enclosure and to be applied as a surface on a wall of the enclosure, said device comprising an opening such that at least one leaf or a sliding element, said opening comprising an insulating glazing which comprises at least two sheets of glass, and a frame, the opening being applied as a surface on the frame, is characterized in that the frame is applied against the external surface of the wall so as to provide a seal between the wall and the frame. In this way, the edges of the window or door are fixed to the wall of the enclosure to be closed so that the window or door remains parallel to the doorway and does not fit into the thickness of the wall. Thus, there is no empty space to fill and therefore the operation of achieving a seal often difficult to obtain is no longer necessary.

On connaît d'après le document DE 25 06 474 que l'ouvrant puisse être posé en applique sur le dormant, mais rien n'est indiqué sur la manière dont le dormant est associé à la paroi.It is known from document DE 25 06 474 that the sash can be applied as a surface on the frame, but nothing is indicated on the way in which the frame is associated with the wall.

Selon une variante de l'invention, la fenêtre ou porte est posée en applique sur la paroi côté intérieur de l'enceinte, selon une seconde variante, elle est posée en applique sur la paroi côté extérieur de l'enceinte et selon une troisième variante, elle est posée en applique sur un montant situé dans l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'enceinte. Ces trois variantes répondent respectivement à différents critères d'isolation et d'esthétisme.According to a variant of the invention, the window or door is applied on the wall on the inside of the enclosure, according to a second variant, it is applied on the wall on the outside of the enclosure and according to a third variant , it is applied on a post located in the thickness of the wall of the enclosure. These three variants respectively meet different criteria of insulation and aesthetics.

Selon une réalisation préférée, le dormant de ladite fenêtre ou porte est réalisé in situ, c'est à dire lors de la pose de ladite fenêtre ou porte, il est réalisé sur place et est directement fixé sur la paroi. Un tel dormant est par exemple constitué par des plaques ou planches de bois, d'aluminium, de PVC, etc... directement fixées dans la maçonnerie par tous moyens connus de l'homme du métier, par exemple par vissage. Le dormant contribue d'une part à l'habillage de la fenêtre et va permettre de recevoir des éléments de quincaillerie participant à l'ouverture et à la fermeture de la fenêtre tels que paumelles, verrous, etc...According to a preferred embodiment, the frame of said window or door is produced in situ, that is to say during the installation of said window or door, it is produced on site and is directly fixed to the wall. Such a frame is for example constituted by plates or boards of wood, aluminum, PVC, etc. directly fixed in the masonry by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing. The frame contributes on the one hand to the dressing of the window and will make it possible to receive hardware elements participating in the opening and closing of the window such as hinges, latches, etc.

Selon une variante avantageuse de l'invention, le dormant de ladite fenêtre ou porte comporte des systèmes de réglage des appuis du dormant sur la paroi palliant les défauts de planéité de la maçonnerie. De tels systèmes de réglage sont, par exemple, constitués de cales insérées à l'intérieur des trous de fixation réalisés dans le dormant pour la fixation de celui-ci dans la maçonnerie. De cette manière, le dormant reste parallèle au plan de la paroi ce qui assure un maintient parfait dudit dormant. Tous autres systèmes de réglage connus de l'homme du métier peuvent être utilisés pour pallier aux défauts de planéité de la maçonnerie.According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the frame of said window or door includes systems for adjusting the supports of the frame on the wall compensating for the flatness of the masonry. Such adjustment systems are, for example, made up of shims inserted inside the fixing holes made in the frame for fixing the latter in the masonry. In this way, the frame remains parallel to the plane of the wall which ensures perfect maintenance of said frame. All other adjustment systems known to those skilled in the art can be used to overcome the flatness of the masonry.

Selon une autre variante avantageuse de l'invention, le dormant de ladite fenêtre ou porte comporte un système de mise à niveau dudit dormant par rapport à la baie. Un tel système de mise à niveau peut être réalisé par tous moyens connus de l'homme du métier tel que par exemple par un système de cale biaise avec vis d'appui. Selon ce système de cale biaise, le dormant repose sur cette cale, elle-même en appui sur le chant de la baie, et en jouant sur la vis d'appui on règle la hauteur du dormant. De cette manière, le dormant est positionné par rapport à l'ouverture de baie et à l'horizontale.According to another advantageous variant of the invention, the frame of said window or door includes a system for leveling said frame with respect to the opening. Such a leveling system can be produced by any means known to those skilled in the art, such as for example by a wedge wedge system with support screw. According to this bias wedge system, the frame rests on this wedge, itself resting on the edge of the bay, and by playing on the support screw, the height of the frame is adjusted. In this way, the frame is positioned relative to the opening of the opening and to the horizontal.

Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention, des joints d'étanchéité sont disposés sur la face du dormant en regard de la paroi comportant la baie, ceux-ci étant alors écrasés lors de la pose dudit dormant sur la paroi. Cet écrasement des joints permet d'obtenir une bonne étanchéité entre la maçonnerie et le dormant. Les joints d'étanchéité sont, par exemple, en chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC), en polyuréthane (PU) expansé ou non, en silicone, en éthylène-propylène-diène-monomère (EPDM) ou tout autre matière connue de l'homme du métier. De façon préférée, il est réalisé une finition périphérique de l'étanchéité entre le dormant et la paroi par un dépôt d'un joint du type mastic. Cette finition permet de renforcer l'étanchéité.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, seals are arranged on the face of the frame opposite the wall comprising the opening, these then being crushed when the said frame is placed on the wall. This crushing of the joints makes it possible to obtain a good seal between the masonry and the frame. The seals are, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), expanded polyurethane (PU) or not, silicone, ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) or any other material known to man of career. Preferably, a peripheral finish of the seal between the frame and the wall is produced by depositing a seal of the mastic type. This finish strengthens the seal.

Selon une variante de l'invention, l'ouvrant de ladite fenêtre ou porte est posée en applique sur le dormant de ladite fenêtre ou porte. De cette manière, l'ouvrant est dans un plan parallèle au plan dudit dormant. Cette réalisation est avantageuse lors de la pose de ladite fenêtre ou porte car contrairement aux fenêtres classiques, il n'est pas nécessaire de la déposer tout entière et en une seule fois dans la baie afin d'éviter tous risques de déformation.According to a variant of the invention, the opening of said window or door is placed on the frame of said window or door. In this way, the opening is in a plane parallel to the plane of said frame. This embodiment is advantageous during the installation of said window or door because, unlike conventional windows, it is not necessary to deposit it entirely and in one go in the bay in order to avoid any risk of deformation.

L'ouvrant de ladite fenêtre ou porte selon l'invention est constitué d'une structure en verre, elle-même constituée d'au moins une feuille de verre.The opening of said window or door according to the invention consists of a glass structure, itself made up of at least one sheet of glass.

De façon préférée, la structure en verre de ladite fenêtre ou porte consiste en un vitrage isolant sous vide. Un tel vitrage est constitué de deux feuilles de verre séparées l'une de l'autre par un espace dans lequel le vide est réalisé et est, notamment, décrit dans la demande de brevet EP-A-645 516.Preferably, the glass structure of said window or door consists of vacuum insulating glazing. Such glazing consists of two sheets of glass separated from each other by a space in which the vacuum is produced and is, in particular, described in patent application EP-A-645,516.

Un tel vitrage présente différents avantages pour l'application visée. Tout d'abord, il présente une faible épaisseur, qui permet de réaliser une fenêtre dont l'ouvrant peut simplement venir en appui sur le dormant sans créer une surépaisseur trop importante qui serait inacceptable, ne serait-ce que d'un point de vue esthétique. Ensuite, la structure d'un tel vitrage lui confère une rigidité et une tenue suffisante pour qu'il ne soit pas nécessaire de lui associer un cadre pour former l'ouvrant conduisant lui-même à une épaisseur très importante comme sur des fenêtres isolantes habituellement réalisées.Such glazing has various advantages for the intended application. First of all, it has a small thickness, which makes it possible to produce a window the opening of which can simply come to bear on the frame without creating an excessive excess thickness which would be unacceptable, if only from a point of view aesthetic. Then, the structure of such a glazing gives it rigidity and sufficient strength so that it is not necessary to associate a frame to form the opening itself leading to a very large thickness as on insulating windows usually performed.

Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention, les dimensions de la structure en verre sont au moins aussi importantes que celles de la baie à obturer.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dimensions of the glass structure are at least as large as those of the opening to be closed.

Selon une variante de l'invention, l'ouvrant comporte un habillage sur au moins une face du vitrage isolant en périphérie. Cet habillage peut être réalisé sur la face du vitrage orientée soit vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte, soit vers l'extérieur ou encore sur les deux faces du vitrage en périphérie. Il peut s'agir de plaques de bois assorties à celles du dormant. Il peut également être réalisé en matière aluminium, plastique, par exemple du type PVC ou encore en tout autre matière connue. Un tel habillage permet notamment de masquer le joint de scellage périphérique du vitrage et de recevoir les éléments de quincaillerie tels que des paumelles, verrous complémentaires à ceux du dormant.According to a variant of the invention, the opening comprises a covering on at least one face of the insulating glazing at the periphery. This covering can be carried out on the face of the glazing oriented either towards the inside of the enclosure, or towards the outside or also on the two faces of the glazing at the periphery. They can be wooden plates matching those of the frame. It can also be made of aluminum, plastic, for example of the PVC type or any other known material. Such a covering makes it possible in particular to mask the peripheral sealing joint of the glazing and to receive the hardware elements such as hinges, bolts complementary to those of the frame.

Selon une variante avantageuse de l'invention, l'habillage du vitrage isolant est réalisé par collage. Ainsi lorsque l'habillage est réalisé sur les deux faces du vitrage, deux habillages de matière différente peuvent être associés au même vitrage. Afin de permettre une fixation stable et efficace dans le temps de la structure en verre et du ou des montants utilisés pour l'habillage, la fenêtre ou porte étant destinée à être manipulée fréquemment, il importe que la colle employée pour le collage présente après durcissement des caractéristiques mécaniques particulières, ces caractéristiques dépendant notamment de la surface de collage utilisée. Notamment, ladite colle doit présenter une résistance au cisaillement supérieure à 0.1 kg/cm2 pour une surface de collage de 2000 cm2, une résistance au cisaillement supérieure à 0.25 kg/cm2 pour une surface de collage de 800 cm2, une résistance au cisaillement supérieure à 0.5 kg/cm2 pour une surface de collage de 400 cm2,..., cette résistance étant inversement proportionnelle à la surface de collage utilisée. Ladite colle doit également présenter une résistance à la chaleur d'au moins 130°C.According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the covering of the insulating glazing is carried out by gluing. Thus when the cladding is carried out on the two faces of the glazing, two claddings of different material can be associated with the same glazing. In order to allow a stable and effective fixing over time of the glass structure and of the upright (s) used for the covering, the window or door being intended to be handled frequently, it is important that the adhesive used for bonding has, after hardening, specific mechanical characteristics, these characteristics depending in particular on the bonding surface used. In particular, said adhesive must have a shear strength greater than 0.1 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 2000 cm 2 , a shear resistance greater than 0.25 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 800 cm 2 , a resistance shear greater than 0.5 kg / cm 2 for a bonding surface of 400 cm 2 , ..., this resistance being inversely proportional to the bonding surface used. Said adhesive must also have a heat resistance of at least 130 ° C.

La colle utilisée pour coller la structure en verre aux montants utilisés pour l'habillage est, par exemple, un silicone mono ou bi-composants, une colle acrylique et/ou métacrylique mono ou bi-composants, une colle polyuréthane,..., ladite colle présentant les caractéristiques précédemment définies pour garantir la tenue du verre aux montants et pour recevoir et supporter les efforts auxquels le verre est soumis lors des manipulations de l'ouvrant. La colle est répartie dans l'espace délimité par la structure en verre et les montants de l'habillage, l'épaisseur et la largeur de la colle dépendant du type de colle utilisée. Par «épaisseur» de la colle, on entend la distance moyenne entre la surface du verre et la surface du montant de l'habillage en regard. Par «largeur» de la colle, on entend la largeur sur laquelle le verre est collé, cette largeur pouvant être inférieure à la distancé de l'extrémité du montant de l'habillage et l'âme centrale du montant.The glue used to glue the glass structure to the uprights used for the covering is, for example, a mono or two-component silicone, a single or two-component acrylic and / or metacrylic adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, ..., said glue having the characteristics defined above to guarantee the holding of the glass to the uprights and to receive and support the forces to which the glass is subjected during handling of the opening. The adhesive is distributed in the space delimited by the glass structure and the amounts of the covering, the thickness and the width of the adhesive depending on the type of adhesive used. By "thickness" of the glue is meant the average distance between the surface of the glass and the surface of the amount of the facing facing. The term "width" of the adhesive means the width over which the glass is bonded, this width possibly being less than the distance from the end of the amount of the covering and the central core of the amount.

D'autres collages peuvent être envisagés avec des colles différentes et peuvent même être envisagés directement entre le montant de l'habillage et la structure en verre sans ajout de colle. Notamment lorsque le montant de l'habillage est en une matière acrylique et/ou métacrylique, le collage peut se faire directement, la matière acrylique et/ou métacrylique faisant office de colle et étant mise au contact du verre avant durcissement.Other bonding can be envisaged with different glues and can even be envisaged directly between the amount of covering and the glass structure without adding glue. In particular when the amount of the covering is made of an acrylic and / or metacrylic material, bonding can be done directly, the acrylic and / or metacrylic material acting as glue and being brought into contact with the glass before hardening.

Selon une autre variante, l'habillage du vitrage est réalisé par encastrement du vitrage dans des rainures réalisées préalablement dans l'habillage.According to another variant, the covering of the glazing is produced by embedding the glazing in grooves made beforehand in the covering.

Un habillage de part et d'autre du vitrage, c'est-à-dire sur les deux faces, permet d'améliorer l'isolation thermique au niveau du joint de scellage périphérique du vitrage, cette zone du vitrage étant la plus sensible.A covering on either side of the glazing, that is to say on the two faces, makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation at the level of the peripheral sealing joint of the glazing, this zone of the glazing being the most sensitive.

La fenêtre ou porte selon l'invention est telle que l'habillage est en matière telle que le bois, le chlorure de polyvinyle, le polyuréthane, l'aluminium, une résine acrylique et/ou métacrylique, un matériau aggloméré ou composite ou un mélange de deux ou plusieurs de ces matières. En effectuant un habillage constitué d'un mélange de différents matériaux, il est possible de diminuer le volume utilisé de matériaux nobles d'un coût élevé, en habillant une face avec ce matériau noble et l'autre face avec un matériau d'un coût inférieur.The window or door according to the invention is such that the covering is made of a material such as wood, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, aluminum, an acrylic and / or metacrylic resin, an agglomerated or composite material or a mixture of two or more of these materials. By carrying out a covering made up of a mixture of different materials, it is possible to reduce the volume used of noble materials of a high cost, by dressing one side with this noble material and the other side with a material of a cost inferior.

Selon une variante de l'invention, le clair de vue de ladite fenêtre ou porte est de dimension quasi-identique à celle de la baie, par clair de vue on entend la zone transparente de l'ensemble. Cette réalisation permet ainsi d'optimiser au maximum les dimensions de la baie et l'éclairage de l'enceinte; ceci contrairement aux fenêtres classiques qui sont insérées dans l'épaisseur de la paroi et qui, de ce fait, diminuent les dimensions de clair de vue possibles, diminution équivalente à la largeur du dormant. Par ailleurs, une telle réalisation permet également une optimisation thermique du vitrage isolant sous vide. En effet lorsque le clair de vue est de dimension quasi-identique à celle de la baie, la structure en verre est de dimension supérieure à celle de la baie et en conséquence, on réalise un chevauchement de la structure en verre et de la maçonnerie. Un tel chevauchement permet d'isoler le point le plus sensible thermiquement de la structure en verre, c'est à dire pour le vitrage isolant sous vide le joint de scellage périphérique, ainsi la création de pont thermique est évitée et l'isolation obtenue par l'ensemble est améliorée. De plus, une telle réalisation permet l'emploie de matériaux tel que l'aluminium, habituellement peu utilisés dans la réalisation de fenêtre ou porte du fait de leur conduction thermique. En effet, l'isolation du bord de la structure en verre apportée par la maçonnerie est suffisante et permet ainsi l'emploie de matériaux plus ou moins conducteurs pour l'habillage périphérique de la structure en verre étant donné que la création de pont thermique est fortement diminuée.According to a variant of the invention, the clear view of said window or door is of dimension almost identical to that of the bay, by clear sight means the transparent area of the assembly. This embodiment thus makes it possible to optimize the dimensions of the bay and the lighting of the enclosure as much as possible; this contrary to the conventional windows which are inserted in the thickness of the wall and which, therefore, reduce the possible dimensions of sight, reduction equivalent to the width of the frame. Furthermore, such an embodiment also allows thermal optimization of the insulating glazing under vacuum. Indeed when the clear view is almost identical in size to that of the bay, the glass structure is larger than that of the bay and as a result, there is an overlap of the glass structure and the masonry. Such an overlap makes it possible to isolate the most thermally sensitive point of the glass structure, that is to say for the insulating glazing under vacuum the peripheral sealing joint, thus the creation of thermal bridge is avoided and the insulation obtained by the whole is improved. In addition, such an embodiment allows the use of materials such as aluminum, usually little used in the production of window or door because of their thermal conduction. Indeed, the insulation of the edge of the glass structure provided by the masonry is sufficient and thus allows the use of more or less conductive materials for the peripheral covering of the glass structure since the creation of thermal bridge is greatly reduced.

Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention, des joints d'étanchéité sont déposés en périphérie de l'ouvrant soit sur l'ouvrant, soit sur le dormant, soit partiellement sur l'ouvrant et partiellement sur le dormant. La pose de tels joints permet de réaliser une étanchéité entre l'ouvrant et le dormant.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, seals are deposited on the periphery of the opening either on the opening, or on the frame, or partially on the opening and partially on the frame. The installation of such joints makes it possible to produce a seal between the leaf and the frame.

Selon une variante de l'invention, les joints d'étanchéité déposés sur l'ouvrant sont soit sur le vitrage, soit sur l'habillage. Ainsi, lorsque le vitrage n'a pas d'habillage sur la face en contact avec le dormant, une étanchéité est réalisée entre le dormant et le vitrage lui-même.According to a variant of the invention, the seals deposited on the opening are either on the glazing, or on the covering. Thus, when the glazing has no covering on the face in contact with the frame, a seal is formed between the frame and the glazing itself.

Selon une variante avantageuse de l'invention, les joints d'étanchéité sont déposés par extrusion. De cette manière, les joints sont parfaitement continus ce qui permet d'obtenir une parfaite étanchéité.According to an advantageous variant of the invention, the seals are deposited by extrusion. In this way, the joints are perfectly continuous, which makes it possible to obtain a perfect seal.

La fenêtre ou porte selon l'invention permet, comme explicité précédemment, une meilleure adaptation aux structures de maçonnerie que les fenêtres ou portes traditionnelles, adaptation aux différentes dimensions de baie et/ou adaptation aux défauts de maçonnerie dans la baie ou sur la paroi autour de la baie. Elle est également de fixation plus facile et permet d'utiliser des accessoires de quincaillerie standards. Elle est, de plus, plus aisément personnalisable grâce au diverses possibilités d'habillage. La fenêtre ou porte selon l'invention peut se présenter sous forme déjà montée ou peut également se présenter sous forme d'éléments détachés (ces éléments étant au moins le dormant, la structure en verre et l'habillage de la structure en verre précédemment définis), les éléments étant assemblés et la fenêtre ou porte montée au niveau de l'utilisateur final.The window or door according to the invention allows, as explained above, a better adaptation to masonry structures than traditional windows or doors, adaptation to different bay dimensions and / or adaptation to masonry faults in the bay or on the wall around from the bay. It is also easier to attach and allows the use of standard hardware accessories. It is, moreover, more easily customizable thanks to the various dressing possibilities. The window or door according to the invention can be in the form already assembled or can also be in the form of detached elements (these elements being at least the frame, the glass structure and the covering of the glass structure defined above. ), the elements being assembled and the window or door mounted at the level of the end user.

Les fenêtres ou portes selon l'invention viennent simplement en applique sur la paroi de l'enceinte à obturer du fait notamment de leur faible épaisseur et de la rigidité du vitrage isolant qui permet de ne pas lui associer un entourage ou encadrement volumineux. En conséquence, il est possible de réaliser le dormant directement sur la paroi de l'enceinte et donc sans nécessité de combler un espace vide en ayant à réaliser une étanchéité souvent délicate à obtenir.The windows or doors according to the invention simply come to be applied to the wall of the enclosure to be closed due in particular to their thin thickness and the rigidity of the insulating glazing which makes it possible not to associate a bulky surround or frame. Consequently, it is possible to make the frame directly on the wall of the enclosure and therefore without the need to fill an empty space by having to make a seal which is often difficult to obtain.

Cette réalisation d'une fenêtre ou porte dans laquelle le dormant vient en applique sur une paroi apporte d'autres avantages. Elle permet notamment d'avoir un modèle standard de vitrage pour un grand nombre de dimensions d'ouvertures à obturer. En effet, étant donné que le dormant peut être directement fixé dans la paroi, il est possible de jouer sur les dimensions de l'habillage ou sur la profondeur de feuillure utilisée lors de l'habillage, par exemple, notamment pour adapter un vitrage à une ouverture de dimensions inférieures à celles du vitrage ou dans le cas inverse, de jouer sur les dimensions du dormant pour adapter un vitrage à une ouverture de dimensions supérieures à celles du vitrage.This embodiment of a window or door in which the frame is applied on a wall brings other advantages. It allows in particular to have a standard glazing model for a large number of dimensions of openings to be closed. Indeed, since the frame can be directly fixed in the wall, it is possible to play on the dimensions of the covering or on the rebate depth used during the covering, for example, in particular to adapt a glazing to an opening of dimensions smaller than those of the glazing or, in the opposite case, of playing on the dimensions of the frame to adapt a glazing to an opening of dimensions greater than those of the glazing.

Par ailleurs, cette réalisation d'une fenêtre ou porte en applique permet la réalisation de l'ouverture de ladite fenêtre ou porte par un système de type "coulissant" sur rails qui autorise une ouverture à 100 %, l'ouvrant coulissant de façon à venir se superposer totalement sur la partie de la paroi de l'enceinte. En effet, les dispositifs coulissants traditionnels nécessitent un recouvrement d'au moins deux vitrages qui conduit à une obturation partielle de l'ouverture.Furthermore, this embodiment of a window or surface-mounted door allows the opening of said window or door by a "sliding" type system on rails which allows a 100% opening, the sliding opening so as to come to be totally superimposed on the part of the wall of the enclosure. Indeed, traditional sliding devices require a covering of at least two glazing which leads to a partial closure of the opening.

D'autres détails et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'exemples de réalisation de l'invention en référence aux figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7 qui représentent :

  • . figure 1 : coupe horizontale d'une fenêtre à un vantail selon l'invention,
  • . figure 2 : coupe verticale de la même fenêtre selon l'invention,
  • . figure 3 : coupe horizontale d'une fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention,
  • . figure 4 : coupe verticale de la même fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention,
  • . figure 5 : coupe horizontale d'une seconde fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention,
  • . figure 6 : coupe verticale de la seconde fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention,
  • . figure 7 : coupe horizontale d'une troisième fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention.
Other details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 which represent:
  • . FIG. 1: horizontal section of a window with a leaf according to the invention,
  • . FIG. 2: vertical section of the same window according to the invention,
  • . FIG. 3: horizontal section of a window with two leaves according to the invention,
  • . FIG. 4: vertical section of the same window with two leaves according to the invention,
  • . FIG. 5: horizontal section of a second window with two leaves according to the invention,
  • . FIG. 6: vertical section of the second window with two leaves according to the invention,
  • . Figure 7: horizontal section of a third window with two leaves according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1 et la figure 2 est représentée une fenêtre à un vantail selon l'invention. Elle se compose d'un dormant (2,2') et d'un ouvrant 3, lui-même composé d'un vitrage isolant sous vide 4 et d'un habillage (5,5').In Figure 1 and Figure 2 is shown a window with a leaf according to the invention. It consists of a frame (2.2 ') and an opening 3, itself composed of insulating glazing under vacuum 4 and a covering (5.5').

Le dormant (2,2') vient en applique sur la paroi 1 d'une enceinte à obturer. Un tel dormant (2,2') est par exemple constitué de plaques ou planches de bois, d'aluminium, de PVC ou de tous autres matériaux connus de l'homme de métier. Le dormant 2 est directement fixé dans la paroi 1 par tous moyens connus de l'homme du métier, par exemple par vissage. Ces fixations ne sont pas représentées sur les figures.The frame (2,2 ') is applied to the wall 1 of an enclosure to be closed. Such a frame (2.2 ′) is for example made up of plates or boards of wood, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to those skilled in the art. The frame 2 is directly fixed in the wall 1 by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example by screwing. These fasteners are not shown in the figures.

Des éléments de quincaillerie 6 et 8 participant à l'ouverture et à la fermeture de la fenêtre sont fixés sur les bords latéraux de ce dormant 2.Hardware elements 6 and 8 participating in the opening and closing of the window are fixed to the lateral edges of this frame 2.

L'ouvrant 3 vient en applique sur le dormant 2 et est essentiellement constitué d'un vitrage isolant sous vide 4. Ce vitrage isolant sous vide 4 est constitué de deux feuilles de verre 13 et 14 séparées l'une de l'autre par un espace 15 dans lequel le vide est réalisé. Ce vitrage 4 est notamment décrit dans la demande de brevet EP-A-645 516.The opening 3 is applied on the frame 2 and is essentially constituted by an insulating glazing under vacuum 4. This insulating glazing under vacuum 4 consists of two sheets of glass 13 and 14 separated from each other by a space 15 in which the vacuum is created. This glazing 4 is described in particular in patent application EP-A-645,516.

Ce vitrage 4 comporte un habillage (5,5') sur ses deux faces en périphérie. Cet habillage (5,5') peut être constitué de plaques de bois, d'aluminium, de PVC ou encore de tout autre matière connue de l'homme du métier. Cet habillage (5,5') est réalisé par exemple par collage à l'aide, par exemple, de colle silicone mono ou bi-composants 10. Des éléments 7 et 9 complémentaires des éléments 6 et 8 sont fixés sur les bords latéraux de l'habillage (5,5'). L'ensemble 6 et 7 permet une rotation de l'ouvrant sur un de ses bords et l'ensemble 8 et 9 permet le verrouillage de l'ouvrant 3 sur le dormant 2. Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite à ces éléments 6, 7, 8 et 9 ; tous autres éléments de quincaillerie connus de l'homme du métier peuvent être utilisés dans la réalisation de la fenêtre selon l'invention.This glazing 4 comprises a covering (5.5 ′) on its two faces on the periphery. This covering (5.5 ′) can be made of wood, aluminum, PVC or any other material known to those skilled in the art. This covering (5.5 ′) is produced for example by gluing using, for example, mono or two-component silicone glue 10. Elements 7 and 9 complementary to elements 6 and 8 are fixed on the lateral edges of the covering (5.5 '). The assembly 6 and 7 allows rotation of the opening on one of its edges and the assembly 8 and 9 allows the locking of the opening 3 on the frame 2. Of course, the invention is not limited to these elements 6, 7, 8 and 9; all other hardware elements known to those skilled in the art can be used in the production of the window according to the invention.

L'étanchéité entre l'ouvrant 3 et le dormant 2 est réalisée à l'aide de joints 11 écrasés entre le dormant et l'ouvrant; ces joints sont, par exemple, en PVC. Les joints 11 peuvent être déposés, par exemple, par extrusion, soit directement sur l'habillage 5', soit directement sur le dormant 2 ou encore partiellement sur l'habillage 5' et partiellement sur le dormant 2.The seal between the door 3 and the frame 2 is made using seals 11 crushed between the frame and the door; these seals are, for example, PVC. The seals 11 can be removed, for example, by extrusion, either directly on the covering 5 ', either directly on the frame 2 or even partially on the covering 5' and partially on the frame 2.

Dans la partie inférieure de l'ouvrant 3, un élément dit «jet d'eau» 12 est fixé sur l'habillage 5' côté extérieur. Cet élément 12, représenté ici de manière simplifié et connus de l'homme du métier, permet d'évacuer l'eau en cas, par exemple, de mauvais tempsIn the lower part of the opening 3, a so-called “water jet” element 12 is fixed to the covering 5 ′ on the outside side. This element 12, shown here in a simplified manner and known to those skilled in the art, makes it possible to evacuate the water in the event, for example, of bad weather.

Sur la figure 3 et la figure 4 est représentée un premier type de fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention. Elle se compose d'un dormant (22,22',27,27') et d'un ouvrant (23,23'), lui-même composé de deux vitrages isolants sous vide 24 et d'un habillage (25,25').In Figure 3 and Figure 4 is shown a first type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a frame (22.22 ', 27.27') and an opening (23.23 '), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 24 and a covering (25.25 ').

Le dormant (22,22') vient en applique sur la paroi 21 d'une enceinte à obturer. L'étanchéité entre le dormant (22,22') et la paroi 21 est réalisée à l'aide de joints 31 écrasés et les éléments de fixation dudit dormant sur la paroi 21 ne sont pas représentés.The frame (22,22 ') is applied to the wall 21 of an enclosure to be closed. The seal between the frame (22,22 ′) and the wall 21 is produced using crushed seals 31 and the elements for fixing said frame to the wall 21 are not shown.

L'ouvrant (23,23') vient en applique sur le dormant (22,22',27,27') et essentiellement constitué de deux vitrages sous vides 24. Ces vitrages 24 comportent un habillage (25,25') sur leur deux faces en périphérie. L'étanchéité entre le dormant 22 et l'ouvrant (23,23') est réalisé à l'aide de joints 31 écrasés.The opening (23.23 ') is applied to the frame (22.22', 27.27 ') and essentially consists of two glazing units under vacuum 24. These glazing units 24 have a covering (25.25') on their two faces on the periphery. The seal between the frame 22 and the opening (23,23 ') is produced using crushed seals 31.

La partie du dormant (27,27') se situe dans la partie centrale de l'ouverture de paroi à obturer et permet de séparer en deux dans le sens de la hauteur cette ouverture. L'ouvrant est constitué de deux battants (23,23') chacun composé essentiellement d'un vitrage isolant 24. Les vitrages isolants 24 comportent un habillage (25,25') sur leurs deux faces en périphérie. Les habillages (25,25') de ces vitrages 24 sont réalisés de tel sorte que lorsque les deux battants de l'ouvrant (23,23') obturent l'ouverture, ils se retrouvent en vis-à-vis et en applique sur la partie du dormant 27. Afin de réaliser l'étanchéité entre le dormant 27 et les deux battants de l'ouvrant (23,23'), des joints d'étanchéité 31' sont déposés à la jonction des deux habillages (25,25') en vis-à-vis. Ainsi, sur la face en applique sur la partie du dormant 27, on trouve un joint 31', réalisant l'étanchéité, en contact avec le dormant 27 et les deux habillages 25' et sur la face opposée, c'est-à-dire orientée vers l'intérieure de l'enceinte, on trouve un joint 31' en contact avec les deux habillages 25 et un élément 16 placé à cheval sur les deux habillages 25. Cet élément 16 est constitué par exemple d'une plaque réalisée dans un matériau isolant correspondant au matériau de l'habillage 25 des vitrages 24 et est fixé par tous moyens connus de l'homme du métier à un des battants de l'ouvrant ,ici le battant 23', directement sur l'habillage. L'ajout de l'élément 16 permet en outre de neutraliser le pont thermique de la jonction des deux battants de l'ouvrant (23,23').The part of the frame (27,27 ') is located in the central part of the wall opening to be closed and allows this opening to be separated in two in the height direction. The opening consists of two leaves (23.23 ') each essentially consisting of insulating glazing 24. The insulating glazing 24 includes a covering (25.25') on their two faces at the periphery. The claddings (25.25 ') of these glazings 24 are made so that when the two leaves of the leaf (23.23') close the opening, they are face to face and applied to the part of the frame 27. In order to seal between the frame 27 and the two leaves of the leaf (23.23 ′), seals 31 ′ are deposited at the junction of the two linings (25.25 ') opposite. Thus, on the surface applied to the part of the frame 27, there is a seal 31 ', providing the seal, in contact with the frame 27 and the two covers 25' and on the opposite face, that is to say say oriented inside the enclosure, there is a joint 31 'in contact with the two linings 25 and an element 16 placed astride the two linings 25. This element 16 consists for example of a plate made of an insulating material corresponding to the material of the covering 25 of the glazing 24 and is fixed by any means known to those skilled in the art to one of the leaves of the opening, here the leaf 23 ′, directly on the covering. The addition of element 16 also makes it possible to neutralize the thermal bridge of the junction of the two leaves of the leaf (23,23 ').

Des éléments de quincaillerie 26 participant à la rotation des battants de l'ouvrant sont fixés sur les bords latéraux de l'ouvrant (23,23') et sur les bords du dormant 22 en vis à vis et des éléments de quincaillerie 28 et 29, telle que par exemple une crémone, participant au verrouillage de la fenêtre sont intégrés au battant 23'.Hardware elements 26 participating in the rotation of the leaves of the sash are fixed on the side edges of the sash (23,23 ') and on the edges of the frame 22 facing each other and hardware elements 28 and 29 , such as for example a cremone bolt, participating in the locking of the window are integrated into the leaf 23 '.

Dans la partie inférieure de l'ouvrant (23,23') un élément dit «jet d'eau» 32 est fixé à l'habillage 25' côté extérieur et au dormant 22. Sous cet élément 32 se trouve un système de cale biaise avec vis d'appui 17 permettant d'effectuer la mise à niveau du dormant 22 par rapport à la baie.In the lower part of the opening (23,23 '), a so-called "water jet" element 32 is fixed to the covering 25' on the outer side and to the frame 22. Under this element 32 is a wedge wedge system with support screw 17 making it possible to level the frame 22 relative to the opening.

Les figures 5 et 6 représentent un deuxième type de fenêtre à deux vantaux selon l'invention. Elle se compose d'un dormant (42,42') et d'un ouvrant (43,43'), lui-même composé de deux vitrages isolants sous vide 44 et d'un habillage (45,45').Figures 5 and 6 show a second type of window with two leaves according to the invention. It consists of a frame (42.42 ') and an opening (43.43'), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 44 and a covering (45.45 ').

Le dormant (42,42') vient en applique sur un montant situé dans l'épaisseur de la paroi 41 d'une enceinte à obturer et l'ouvrant (43,43') vient en applique sur le dormant. De cette manière, la fenêtre se situe en retrait par rapport au plan général de la paroi et forme alors une niche dans la paroi 41.The frame (42,42 ') is applied on an upright located in the thickness of the wall 41 of an enclosure to be closed and the opening (43,43') is applied on the frame. In this way, the window is set back from the general plane of the wall and then forms a recess in the wall 41.

De la même manière que les exemples précédents, l'étanchéité entre les différents éléments est réalisée à l'aide de joints 51 écrasés, des éléments de quincaillerie tels que des paumelles 46, sont utilisés dans la réalisation de la fenêtre et le bord inférieur de la fenêtre comprend un élément 52 dit «jet d'eau». Selon cette représentation, l'élément 52 est complété par un élément 18 de protection du chant extérieur de la baie qui peut être fixé par tous moyens connus de l'homme du métier.In the same way as the previous examples, the seal between the different elements is achieved using crushed seals 51, hardware elements such as hinges 46, are used in the production of the window and the lower edge of the window includes an element 52 called "water jet". According to this representation, the element 52 is completed by an element 18 for protecting the outside edge of the opening which can be fixed by any means known to the person skilled in the art.

La figure 7 présente un troisième mode de réalisation d'une fenêtre à deux vantaux. Elle se compose d'un dormant (62,62') et d'un ouvrant (63,63'), lui-même composé de deux vitrages isolants sous vide 64 et d'un habillage (65,65').FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of a window with two leaves. It consists of a frame (62.62 ') and an opening (63.63'), itself composed of two insulating glazing units under vacuum 64 and a covering (65.65 ').

Le dormant (62,62') vient en applique sur la paroi 61 d'une enceinte à obturer et l'ouvrant (63,63') vient en applique sur le dormant. L'étanchéité entre les différents éléments est réalisé à l'aide de joints écrasés 71 et des éléments de quincaillerie tels que des paumelles 66 et une crémone 69, sont utilisés dans la réalisation de la fenêtre.The frame (62,62 ') is applied to the wall 61 of an enclosure to be closed and the opening (63,63') is applied to the frame. The sealing between the different elements is achieved using crushed joints 71 and hardware elements such as hinges 66 and a cremone bolt 69 are used in the production of the window.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, les vitrages 64 ne sont pas positionnés dans le même plan et leurs extrémités libres se chevauchent. Ces deux vitrages 64 comportent chacun un habillage (65,65') sur les deux faces du vitrage en périphérie. Ces deux habillages (65,65') restent cependant dans le même plan. Cet habillage (65,65') est tel que la périphérie du vitrage est entièrement habillée sauf la partie du vitrage qui est en contact avec l'autre vitrage lorsque ceux-ci se chevauchent. De cette manière on neutralise le pont thermique du joint de scellage d'un des vitrages en le mettant en face d'une pleine surface de l'autre vitrage qui, elle, est très isolante et ce, sans ajout d'un quelconque élément supplémentaire. Afin de réaliser une parfaite étanchéité entre les deux faces des vitrages en contact, on dépose, par exemple, par extrusion des joints d'étanchéité 71 entre celles-ci.According to this embodiment, the glazing units 64 are not positioned in the same plane and their free ends overlap. These two glazing units 64 each comprise a covering (65.65 ′) on the two faces of the glazing at the periphery. These two skins (65.65 ') however remain in the same plane. This covering (65.65 ′) is such that the periphery of the glazing is fully covered except for the part of the glazing which is in contact with the other glazing when these overlap. In this way, the thermal bridge of the sealing joint of one of the glazings is neutralized by putting it in front of a full surface of the other glazing which, for its part, is very insulating, without adding any additional element. . In order to achieve a perfect seal between the two faces of the glazing in contact, it seals, for example, by extrusion of the seals 71 therebetween.

Claims (20)

  1. Use of a device in the form of a window or a door intended to close up an opening of an enclosure and to be installed surface-mounted on a wall (1) of the enclosure, said device comprising an opening member (3, 23, 23', 43, 43', 63, 63') such as at least one leaf or sliding element, said opening member comprising an insulating glazing unit (4, 24, 44, 64) which comprises at least two sheets of glass (13, 14), and a frame (2, 2', 22, 22', 27, 27', 42, 42', 62, 62'), the opening member being installed surface-mounted on the frame, characterised in that the frame is applied against the external surface of the wall so as to implement sealing between the wall and the frame.
  2. Use according to Claim 1, characterised in that it is installed surface-mounted on the wall on the inside of the enclosure.
  3. Use according to Claim 1, characterised in that it is installed surface-mounted on the wall on the outside of the enclosure.
  4. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is installed surface-mounted on an upright situated in the thickness of the wall of the enclosure.
  5. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the frame of said device is implemented in situ.
  6. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the frame of said device comprises support adjustment systems compensating for the faults in flatness of the masonry.
  7. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the frame of said device comprises a system (17) for levelling said frame with respect to the opening.
  8. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that seals (31, 51, 71) are disposed on the face of the frame facing the wall having the opening and are squashed during the installation of said frame.
  9. Use according to Claim 8, characterised in that a peripheral finish of the sealing between the frame and the wall is implemented by deposition of a mastic type seal.
  10. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the insulating glazing unit consists of an evacuated insulating glazing unit.
  11. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the dimensions of the insulating glazing unit are at least as large as those of the opening.
  12. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the opening member has a trim (5, 5', 25, 25', 45, 45', 65, 65') on at least one face on the periphery.
  13. Use according to Claim 12, characterised in that the trim is implemented by bonding.
  14. Use according to Claim 13, characterised in that the adhesive used for the bonding has a shear strength greater than 0.25 kg/cm2 for a bonding surface area of 800 cm2, this strength being inversely proportional to the bonding surface area used, and has a resistance to heat of at least 130°C.
  15. Use according to Claim 12, characterised in that the trim is implemented by embedding the glazing unit in grooves implemented in the trim.
  16. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the view area of said device is almost identical in size to the opening.
  17. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that seals (11, 31, 31', 51, 71) are deposited on the periphery of the opening member, either on the opening member, or on the frame, or partly on the opening member and partly on the frame.
  18. Use according to Claim 17, characterised in that the seals deposited on the opening member are either on the glazing unit or on the trim.
  19. 'Use according to Claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the seals are deposited by extrusion.
  20. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterised in that it comes in the form of detached elements capable of being assembled to give said device.
EP98400306A 1997-02-13 1998-02-11 Window or door comprising a thin high performance insulating glazing Expired - Lifetime EP0859112B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9701664A FR2759410B1 (en) 1997-02-13 1997-02-13 WINDOW OR DOOR INCLUDING HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN INSULATING GLASS
FR9701664 1997-02-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0859112A1 EP0859112A1 (en) 1998-08-19
EP0859112B1 true EP0859112B1 (en) 2003-09-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98400306A Expired - Lifetime EP0859112B1 (en) 1997-02-13 1998-02-11 Window or door comprising a thin high performance insulating glazing

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US (1) US20020162278A1 (en)
EP (1) EP0859112B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE249567T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69817892T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2206858T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2759410B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8555572B1 (en) 2009-10-22 2013-10-15 Glenn Bingham Storm window assembly and methods of use
EP3833840A1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2021-06-16 Basf Se Adhesive connection and reinforcement of glass packages in wing profiles

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH315523A (en) * 1953-09-18 1956-08-31 Rouiller Marcel Window
CH389869A (en) * 1963-05-14 1965-03-31 Weber Alfred Construction element
AT321541B (en) * 1970-12-02 1975-04-10 Hugo Mischek Dipl Ing Casement
CA938166A (en) * 1971-10-01 1973-12-11 Salvalaggio Antonio Door mounting assembly
DK91774A (en) * 1974-02-20 1975-10-20 Johansen Joergen Skoubo
DE2605844C2 (en) * 1976-02-13 1982-12-30 Heinrich 5400 Koblenz Schultes Soundproof windows
FR2352939A1 (en) * 1976-05-24 1977-12-23 Const Aero Navales Hinged metal window frame - has box section with one side extended to form channel for glazing and two sealing joints
GB2102052B (en) * 1981-04-10 1984-05-02 Trend Aluminium Prod Framed window unit
DE3521339A1 (en) * 1985-06-14 1986-12-18 Fa. Schüt-Duis, 2960 Aurich Insulating glass with at least two plane and mutually parallel glass panels which are interconnected via a permanently elastic sealing compound
DE9313387U1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1993-11-25 Fingerling Karl Heinz window
DE69429699T2 (en) * 1993-09-27 2002-08-14 Saint Gobain Insulating glazing and vacuum generation processes therefor
FR2719335B1 (en) * 1994-04-28 1998-07-17 Saint Gobain Vitrage Self-supporting structural glass door.
DE29514782U1 (en) * 1995-09-14 1995-11-02 Herholz Vertrieb Door frame with fittings
DE19543669A1 (en) * 1995-11-23 1997-05-28 Loeffler Michael Dipl Ing Multiple glazing unit without frame, especially for window or door

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0859112A1 (en) 1998-08-19
FR2759410B1 (en) 1999-03-12
DE69817892D1 (en) 2003-10-16
FR2759410A1 (en) 1998-08-14
DE69817892T2 (en) 2004-07-08
ATE249567T1 (en) 2003-09-15
US20020162278A1 (en) 2002-11-07
ES2206858T3 (en) 2004-05-16

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