EP3833840A1

EP3833840A1 - Adhesive connection and reinforcement of glass packages in wing profiles

Info

Publication number: EP3833840A1
Application number: EP19746103.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kay BROCKMÜLLER; Matthias Dick
Original assignee: Sika Technology AG; BASF SE
Current assignee: Sika Technology AG; BASF SE
Priority date: 2018-08-09
Filing date: 2019-08-05
Publication date: 2021-06-16
Also published as: WO2020030601A1; US11655667B2; CA3105209A1; JP7362660B2; US20210285275A1; JP2021532290A; KR20210040361A

Abstract

The invention relates to a wing profile having a glass package (2) comprising several glass plates, wherein the wing profile has a reinforcement element (3) made of plastic, which substantially is mounted on the wing profile below the entire support surface of the glass package (2). Between the reinforcement element (3) and the glass package (2), a cohesive connection is provided by means of a plurality of adhesive elements (4).

Description

Adhesive connection and reinforcement of glass packages in sash profiles

description

The present invention relates to wing profiles with a glass package, the wing profile having a reinforcing element made of plastic that in

is attached substantially under the entire bearing surface of the glass package, and wherein a material connection is provided by an adhesive element between the reinforcing element and the glass package. The

The present invention further relates to methods for producing such wing profiles and the use of the combination of adhesive elements and reinforcing elements to improve the bending strength of wing profiles.

State of the art

Sash profiles, in particular profiles in the form of multi-chamber hollow profiles made of extruded thermoplastic materials, are often used as window or door frame profiles. In modern window systems, for some time, due to desired improvements

Thermal insulation properties are a trend towards stronger multiple glazing, whereby triple glazing is now standard and quadruple glazing is not uncommon. This means that such windows and doors are relatively heavy and wide due to the multiple layers of glass.

Due to the hollow profile construction, which is to save weight and improve the insulating effect, such profiles are, however, susceptible to bending forces by which the profile can warp or be damaged.

In order to improve the bending strength of such hollow profiles without the

Thermal insulation is significantly impaired, was proposed in WO 2009/098068 Al, the outer (ie the part of the profile that is connected to the facade) and the inner profile (ie the part of the profile that is connected to the glass) with reinforcing elements to provide the vertical (ie

parallel to the visible front and back in the installed state) are arranged in the hollow profiles. In the case of multiple glazing and in particular triple or quadruple glazing, the problem of the weight of the glass packet, which acts on the hollow profile from above and can lead to vertical deformation of the hollow profile, arises in particular. This problem is not solved in a completely satisfactory manner by the reinforcement elements described in WO 2009/098068 A1.

DE 10 2014 014 658 discloses reinforcement profiles for windows that have a glass package and a reinforcement element attached underneath. The reinforcing element is connected to the glass package with an adhesive strip.

DE 35 43 524 Al discloses wing profiles with a glass package and a glass block frame attached underneath, which can be made with the help of silicone or

Butyl adhesive is attached to the glass package. The forms

Silicone bonding the room-side seal and the butyl bond the weather-side seal. Adhesives of this type are generally relatively soft and have moduli of elasticity of less than 10 MPa.

The object of the present invention was therefore to propose a sash profile for door and window systems, which has an improved bending stiffness with respect to external forces compared to known systems.

Description of the invention:

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a wing profile with a glass package comprising a plurality of glass plates, characterized in that the wing profile has a reinforcing element made of plastic that in the

Essentially in the area of the entire support surface of the glass package is attached to the sash profile, wherein a material connection is provided between the reinforcing element and the glass package by at least two adhesive elements, and wherein the adhesive elements (4) an E-module according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² .

In the context of the present invention, a “glass package” is understood to mean a plurality of glass panes arranged on one another, which can be separated from one another by spacers. In a glass package, the glass panes are generally fixed to one another in such a way that horizontal movements one glass pane compared to another glass pane in the glass package are not possible.

In the context of the present invention, a “wing profile” denotes the part of the profile that is in contact with the glass package. The term “wing profile” covers not only the entire profile surrounding the glass package, but also parts thereof, such as the upper or lower one Part, or the side parts of the profile.

In the present invention, the contact surface denotes only the area in which the glass packet is in contact with the wing profile in the direction of its expansion (i.e. not its thickness).

In the foregoing, "essentially complete" indicates that the reinforcing element in the wing profile should cover at least 70%, preferably at least 80% and even more preferably at least 90% of the contact surface of the glass package on the wing profile. The glass package can protrude on the front or back, so that no reinforcing element is arranged between the glass package and the wing profile in this area. However, it is also possible that the reinforcing element is missing at the ends of the profile or that the reinforcing element is discontinuous, with gaps between individual sections of the reinforcing element, or that

Reinforcing element has holes that form cavities between the glass package and the wing profile.

In the context of the present invention, it is preferred if the

Reinforcing element is attached in the area of the entire bearing surface of the glass package. It is further preferred if the reinforcing element has a greater extension than the support surface of the glass package, so that it forms a projection over the glass package.

In the context of the present invention, it is further preferred if the reinforcing element is angled, so that part of the reinforcing element on the front or back of the glass package and another part of the

Reinforcing element is arranged on the underside of the glass package. More preferably, the reinforcing element is angled so that part of the

Reinforcing element on the front of the glass package and another part of the Reinforcing element is arranged on the underside of the glass package. In this case, the angle is expediently about 90 °.

The angled reinforcing element is particularly preferably L-shaped, i.e. one area of the reinforcing member is larger than the other area. For this purpose, it is further preferred if the larger of the surfaces is positioned under the glass package and the smaller surface is positioned on the front or rear side, preferably on the front side, of the glass package. With such a construction, the wing element is given a favorable rigidity both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction to the wing profile.

The “front side” of the glass package here designates that side of the window which is directed towards a bead of the outer profile, while the “rear side” of the glass package designates the side that is opposite this bead.

In the wing profile according to the invention, at least two adhesive elements are provided between the reinforcing element and the glass package.

Compared to the use of only one adhesive element, the

Material use can be reduced with comparable stability.

Furthermore, it is preferred if one of the adhesive elements of the wing profile in the region of the edge of the back between the glass package and the

Reinforcing element is arranged. In this case, the adhesive element is arranged on the underside of the glass package. It is also preferred if one of the adhesive elements of the wing profile has an adhesive element which is arranged in the region of the edge of the end face between the glass package and the reinforcing element. In this case, it is particularly useful if that

Adhesive element is arranged on the end face of the glass package. A wing profile that has at least two adhesive elements is most preferred, one of these adhesive elements being arranged in the region of the edge of the rear side between the glass package and the reinforcing element and an adhesive element in the region of the edge of the end face between the glass package and the reinforcing element.

With regard to the reinforcing element, the present invention is not subject to any relevant restrictions, with the proviso that the material of the

Reinforcing element must have a higher flexural strength than the material from which the hollow profile of the wing profile is formed. The

Reinforcing element can therefore in principle be made of any thermoplastic processable plastic. Such thermoplastic

Processable plastics as such are known to the person skilled in the art and are often described in the prior art.

In particular, thermoplastic semi-crystalline or amorphous plastics such as polyamides,

especially polyamide-6 and polyamide-6.6, polyethylene and

Polybutylene terephthalates, polyoxymethylenes, polysulfones or polyether sulfones, furthermore polyphenylene sulfides, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyvinyl chloride or styrene polymers and copolymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene are suitable.

Polyethylene terephthalates, polybutylene terephthalates and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable.

The plastics mentioned can be used in pure form or as a mixture with plastic auxiliaries known to those skilled in the art. In a preferred embodiment, thermoplastic materials provided with fibrous or particulate fillers are used. suitable

Fillers are glass fibers, glass balls, mineral fillers, or so-called nanoparticles. In particular, the thermoplastics

glass fiber reinforced. Typically, glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials contain 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 55% by weight, glass fibers, the weight percentages based on the total weight of the thermoplastic and the glass fibers. Particularly suitable glass fibers have a length in the range from 1 pm to 1 cm, preferably in the range from 10 pm to 600 pm, particularly preferably in the range from 30 pm to 300 pm. The average length-to-diameter ratio of glass fibers which can preferably be used in the component is in the range from 100: 1, preferably 50: 1, particularly preferably 30: 1.

Preferred thermoplastics for the production of the

Reinforcing elements have a modulus of elasticity according to test standard ISO 527-1 / -2 at 23 ° C of> 3,000 N / mm ² , preferably> 10,000 N / mm ²

Softening temperature> 50 ° C, preferably> 100 ° C, particularly preferably> 150 ° C and a coefficient of thermal expansion <6 10-5 K ¹ , preferably <5 10 ⁵ K ¹ , most preferably <4 10 ⁵ K ¹ measured at 23 ° C on. The reinforcing element is very particularly preferably made of thermoplastic, which is polybutylene terephthalate or a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, which is 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 55% by weight. % Contains glass fibers, the weight percentages based on the total weight of the thermoplastic and the glass fibers, and wherein the

Glass fibers have a length in the range from 1 pm to 1 cm, preferably in the range from 10 pm to 600 pm, particularly preferably in the range from 30 pm to 300 pm, and an average length-to-diameter ratio in the component in the range from 100: 1 , preferably 50: 1, particularly preferably 30: 1, and at 23 ° C an elastic modulus> 3,000 N / mm ² , preferably> 10,000 N / mm ² , one

Softening temperature> 50 ° C, preferably> 100 ° C, particularly preferably> 150 ° C and an expansion coefficient <6 10 ⁵ K ¹ , preferably <5 10 ⁵ K ¹ , most preferably <4 10 ⁵ K ¹ . Through a

Reinforcing element made of such a material can be ensured in a suitable manner that stresses in the glass in the case of bending loads are a factor in the

Do not exceed the tolerable size of the glass pane and thus breakage of the glass is prevented.

The reinforcing element can be formed exclusively from the materials mentioned above, but it can, for. B. also have a casing, which is preferably formed from a plastic different from the thermoplastic. As a particularly suitable sheathing material, e.g. B. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) can be specified. In addition, it is possible for the side of the reinforcing element which comes into contact with the adhesive element to be coated with a material which improves the adhesion between the adhesive element and the material of the reinforcing element. Is the reinforcing element z. B. formed from a material that has a high glass fiber content, the adhesion of an adhesive applied directly to such a material can be disadvantageously impaired. This disadvantage can be compensated for by a material which both adheres to the reinforcing element and can also form a good connection with the adhesive element.

Such an adhesion-promoting material can in principle be any material that has a favorable adhesion between the reinforcing material and the

Adhesive elements conveyed. A particularly suitable for this purpose

adhesion-promoting material is e.g. B. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The

Reinforcing element, and in particular a reinforcing element that made thermoplastic in the form of polybutylene terephthalate or a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate with a glass fiber content of 10 to 60 wt .-%, and preferably from 20 to 60 wt .-%, is therefore in one embodiment on the with the adhesive elements in Contacting side coated with a layer of PVC, in particular in a thickness in the range of 0.2 to 2 mm and preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. Such reinforcing elements can advantageously be produced, for example, by a co-extrusion process. Alternatively, it can

Reinforcing element as an adhesion-promoting layer have a metallic layer which on the side of the reinforcing element coming into contact with the adhesive elements, for. B. is applied via a PVD or other coating method.

In the context of the present invention, the adhesive element can be based on any suitable adhesive material that is used for a stable connection of the

Glass packages can be used on the reinforcing element and which has a modulus of elasticity according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² in the hardened state.

Accordingly, both one-component and multi-component adhesive compositions are suitable for the adhesive element. Especially

two-component ones are preferred in the context of the present invention

Adhesive composition, in particular free-radically curable two-component (meth) acrylate adhesive composition. Such suitable

Adhesive compositions are described, for example, in WO 02/70620. In particular, they are compositions based on

Tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate or methyl (meth) acrylate. Such suitable adhesives are commercially available, for example, under the trade name SikaFast® from Sika Schweiz AG. Further exemplary suitable adhesives are commercially available under the trade names SikaPower® and SikaForce®.

For the adhesive element, those materials are further preferred which, when cured, have an elastic modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C. and 50% relative atmospheric humidity) of at least 160 N / mm ² and preferably at least 200 N / mm ² and / or at most 2000 N / mm ² , and preferably of at most 1500 N / mm ² . Furthermore, a Shore A hardness according to DIN 53505 of at least 60 can be specified as suitable for the adhesive elements, at least 70 as preferred and at least 80 as further preferred. Through this Properties, the adhesive element or elements has a favorable rigidity which, in combination with the reinforcing element, gives the wing profile an extremely favorable bending rigidity. On the other hand, these specifications ensure that the adhesive elements are exposed to temperature fluctuations, e.g. B.

during transport, are sufficiently flexible, so that by a

different expansion behavior of adhesive and glass stresses occurring are alleviated and do not lead to cracks in the glass.

In the context of the present invention, glass packages with a higher weight can in particular also be used. It is therefore preferred if the glass package has at least three glass layers, and more preferably 3 or 4

Has layers of glass.

According to the above, the reinforcing element is cohesive

Adhesive elements connected to the glass package. It is preferred here that the reinforcing element in this connection is connected directly to the adhesive material and comes into contact, i.e. that between the reinforcing element and the adhesive material no other material, such as. B. material of the hollow profile of the wing element is present. Since the adhesive element in the form of several

Adhesive elements are present, a cavity can form in the area that is not covered by the adhesive elements.

In addition to the reinforcement element mentioned above, the wing profile can contain further reinforcement elements. For example, it is conceivable that there are further reinforcement elements which are arranged on the outside in the area of the front or rear of the wing profile or in the wing profile, as is shown in FIG. 5 of WO 2009/098068 A1. It is also possible that one or more reinforcing elements are arranged in an outer profile in which the wing profile is inserted. In this case, it is preferred if the reinforcing element (s) run through the outer profile in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 of WO 2009/098068 A1. The additional reinforcement element (s) can be integrated vertically or inclined into the profile.

The material from which additional reinforcing elements are formed can be the same or a different material from that from which the reinforcing element is formed in the wing profile, but it is preferred that this Reinforcing element and additional reinforcing elements are formed from the same material.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for

Manufacture of a wing profile, and preferably a wing profile as described above, comprising the following steps:

Provision of a hollow profile,

Attaching a reinforcing element to the hollow profile,

- Attaching several adhesive elements on the reinforcing element, wherein the adhesive elements (4) have an elastic modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² , and

- Contacting the several adhesive elements with a glass package

Forming a cohesive connection between the

Reinforcing element and the glass package over the adhesive elements.

The order of the steps is not critical, with the exception that the connection of the glass package to the reinforcing element takes place last in the process. It is preferred, however, that the reinforcement element is attached to the hollow profile at an early stage of manufacture, since in this case the hollow profile and the reinforcement element can be produced in one step, for example by co-extrusion.

Yet another aspect relates to the use of a combination of

Adhesive elements and a reinforcing element to improve the

Flexural strength of a sash profile, the glass package being cohesively connected to the reinforcing element arranged on the sash profile via the adhesive elements and the adhesive elements (4) having an elastic modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C. and 50% relative atmospheric humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² .

In Figure 1, a wing profile according to the present invention is shown schematically. The wing profile 1 comprises a hollow profile with a

Reinforcing element 3, above which a glass packet 2 with three glass plates 5 is arranged. Two adhesive elements 4 are attached between the glass package, via which the glass package 2 is connected to the reinforcing element 3. In the area between these adhesive elements 4 there is a small cavity between the glass packet 2 and the reinforcing element 3. The wing profile can with a io

External profile are connected, which also contains reinforcing elements (not shown).

In the following, the invention is illustrated in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments, which, however, are not to be considered as limiting in any way for the

The scope of protection of the registration must be understood.

Examples:

The bending stiffness of various glass wings consisting of a PVC wing, a glass package, a reinforcing element made of Ultradur and

Various adhesives were calculated using a finite element model (FEM). For a reference wing, a structure with a typical

Silicone adhesive with an elastic modulus (in the hardened state) of about 2 MPa is used as a basis. For wing profiles according to the invention, either a rigid adhesive with an elastic modulus (in the hardened state) of approximately 100 MPa or an adhesive with an elastic modulus of 1000 MPa was used as a basis. The adhesives should be attached to the glass package as shown in FIG. 1.

The following structure was used as a basis for the calculations:

Dimensions of the discs: 2.0 x 1.0 m

Thickness of the two outer panes: 4 mm each

Distances of the triple glass package: 4 mm glass + 16 mm air + 4 mm glass +

16 mm air + 4 mm glass

Thickness of the reinforcement element: 3mm, modulus of elasticity 14,000 MPa

Adhesive thickness: 3 mm, width 4 mm

With the aid of a simplified finite element model, the deflection was calculated for the glass leaf under load with a force of 250 N each when the glass leaf was supported in the middle of the long or short side of the glass leaf. The results of these calculations are shown in Table 1 below:

The calculations show that with the same structure of the composite, increasing the modulus of elasticity of the adhesive significantly reduces the

Deflection at the point of force application.

Claims

Expectations

1. Wing profile with a glass package (2) comprising a plurality of glass plates, characterized in that the wing profile has a reinforcing element (3) made of plastic, which is substantially below the entire contact surface of the

Glass package (2) is attached to the wing profile, being between the

Reinforcing element (3) and the glass package (2) a material connection is provided by at least two adhesive elements (4), and wherein the

Adhesive elements (4) have an elastic modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² .

2. Wing profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Reinforcing element (3) is angled so that part of the reinforcing element on the end face of the glass package (2) and another part of the

Reinforcing element is arranged on the underside of the glass package (2).

3. Wing profile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcing element (3) on the side coming into contact with the adhesive element is coated with an adhesion-promoting material, in particular made of metal or PVC.

4. wing profile according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized

characterized in that it has an adhesive element (4) which is arranged in the region of the edge of the back between the glass package (2) and the reinforcing element (3).

5. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an adhesive element (4) which is arranged in the region of the edge of the end face between the glass package (2) and the reinforcing element (3), preferably on the end face of the glass package ,

6. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element (3) is a thermoplastic, preferably a polyester and particularly preferably

Polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof.

7. wing profile according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcing element (3) additionally fibers and preferably glass fibers for

Contains reinforcement.

8. wing profile according to claim 7, characterized in that the

Reinforcing element (3) contains a proportion of 10 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 20 to 60 wt .-% and particularly preferably 40 to 55 wt .-% of fibers.

9. Wing profile according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the thermoplastic in the reinforcing element (3) has a sheathing, which is preferably made of a different plastic from the thermoplastic, more preferably PVC.

10. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive element (4) is based on a radically curable two-component (meth) acrylate adhesive composition.

11. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive element (4) has an elastic modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 160 N / mm ² and more preferably at least 200 N / mm ² and / or at most 2000 N / mm ² and preferably at most 1500 N / mm ² .

12. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass package (2) has at least three glass layers (5).

13. Wing profile according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element (3) via the adhesive elements is connected directly to the glass package (2), and optionally in the direction of

Glass package (2) adjacent to the reinforcing element (3) there is a cavity.

14. A method for producing a wing profile, preferably according to one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps:

Provision of a hollow profile,

- attaching a reinforcing element (3) to the hollow profile, - Attaching several adhesive elements (4) on the reinforcing element, the adhesive elements (4) having an E-modulus according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² , and

- Contacting the plurality of adhesive elements (4) with a glass package (2) to form a material connection between the

Reinforcing element (3) and the glass package (2) via the adhesive element (4).

15. Use of the combination of adhesive elements (4) and one

Reinforcing element (3) to improve the bending strength of a

Sash profile, the glass package (2) being cohesively connected to the reinforcing element (3) arranged on the sash profile via the adhesive elements (4) and the adhesive elements (4) being an E-module according to ISO 37 (at 23 ° C and 50% relative) Air humidity) of at least 100 N / mm ² .