EP0846225A1 - Soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP0846225A1
EP0846225A1 EP96946077A EP96946077A EP0846225A1 EP 0846225 A1 EP0846225 A1 EP 0846225A1 EP 96946077 A EP96946077 A EP 96946077A EP 96946077 A EP96946077 A EP 96946077A EP 0846225 A1 EP0846225 A1 EP 0846225A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
injection valve
spray opening
valve according
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96946077A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0846225B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Rembold
Martin Müller
Christian Preussner
Andreas Benz
Ottmar Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0846225A1 publication Critical patent/EP0846225A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0846225B1 publication Critical patent/EP0846225B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size

Definitions

  • Injection valve in particular for injecting fuel directly into one
  • the invention relates to an injection valve, in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known injection valve US Pat. No. 5,350,119
  • an outlet opening is provided in a valve seat part, which is closed by a valve needle serving as a closing body.
  • a spray orifice plate with a spray opening is arranged behind the outlet opening, which forms the narrowest flow cross section in the fuel flow path through the valve and which thus determines the sprayed fuel quantity at a given fuel pressure and opening time.
  • Another known injection valve (EP 0 328 550 B1) has a cup-shaped valve body, in the bottom of which a guide bore for a valve needle is provided.
  • a conical projection is provided on the bottom of the valve body, which extends into a corresponding conical recess in a valve seat part in such a way that a cone-shaped swirl or swirl chamber is formed between the valve body and the valve seat part, the swirl chamber of which Tip opens into a spray opening serving as a metering opening, which can be closed by means of the valve needle guided in the valve body.
  • Fuel channels Distributed in the bottom of the valve body around the guide bore are fuel channels, which are inclined and offset against an axis of rotation of the swirl chamber in such a way that the fuel flowing into the swirl chamber has a velocity component in the circumferential direction. In this way it is to be achieved that the fuel is sprayed off essentially in the form of a closed conical jacket and atomized in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • a conical depression is provided in a valve seat body having a spray opening, into which a valve body guiding a valve needle extends with a corresponding conical projection. In this way, a swirl chamber is created between the valve body and the valve seat part, which is upstream of the spray opening.
  • the fuel is fed into the swirl chamber through fuel channels which are inclined and offset with respect to an axis of rotation of the swirl chamber, so that it flows into the Swirl chamber fuel has a speed component in the circumferential direction.
  • the fuel channels have a first bore section with a relatively large diameter and a relatively large length, which is followed on the outlet side by a bore section with a reduced diameter and a relatively short length.
  • the bore sections with reduced diameter jointly form the narrowest cross section required for the fuel metering in the flow path through the injection valve.
  • the injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the sprayed-off fuel cloud has a targeted streakiness, since at least some of the fuel channels are oriented such that the fuel jets sprayed out of them are sprayed directly through the spray-discharge opening without further substantial throttling of the fuel flow.
  • An additional advantage of the injection valve according to the invention is that the fuel atomizing elements, in particular the fuel channels, are separated from the unclean combustion chamber atmosphere when the injection valve is closed. In this way, dirt cannot deposit on the fuel atomizing elements and change the atomization.
  • a stoichiometric mixture of fuel and air can be obtained at the spark plug electrodes by means of a suitable circumferential distribution and a corresponding alignment of the fuel channels with respect to the central axis of the injection opening and a corresponding installation rotational position of the injection valve relative to a spark plug protruding into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the orientation of the injection valve according to the invention to the spark plug is expediently chosen such that the spark plug lies in a gap between two fuel streaks. It can thus be avoided that the spark plug electrodes are sprayed directly with fuel. This prevents excessive cooling and coking of the spark plug electrodes, which can be attributed to this.
  • fuel can be sprayed off in such a way that a coherent fuel-air mixture cloud with a combustible ratio of fuel and air is formed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine without liquid fuel reaching a cylinder wall or a piston crown.
  • the fuel injection into the combustion chamber can in particular be carried out in such a way that the fuel is almost completely evaporated immediately before combustion.
  • Different inclinations of the fuel channels against the central axis of the spray opening allow fuel to be injected into the combustion chamber to fill the space.
  • a fuel cloud can be determined. aim, the main axis of which is inclined towards the central axis of the spray opening.
  • the fuel cloud can thus be sprayed off crookedly or injected into the combustion chamber, which may be necessary in particular in the case of cramped installation conditions in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, in order, for example, for fuel injection to fill the combustion chamber when the injection valve is arranged on the side ensure.
  • a portion of the fuel jets emerging from the fuel channels impact a surface surrounding the spray opening as a valve seat or adjacent to it, the wall of the spray opening or the valve needle in order to deflect it Fanning out and / or atomizing the fuel to achieve.
  • This can be used to generate a fuel-air mixture cloud which has a fuel component on a cone jacket, as is produced by means of a swirl nozzle, and which has a fuel component in strands, as it is used for.
  • B. is caused by a multi-hole nozzle.
  • An improvement in the fuel atomization and a targeted influence on the fuel distribution in the combustion chamber can also be achieved by a collision of individual fuel jets.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, partially sectioned view of an injection valve according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic, partially sectioned view of an armature of an electromagnetic actuating device for the injection valve according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic section through the outlet area of an injection valve according to another embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic section through an outlet area of a valve body for an injection valve according to a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 9 is a section substantially along line IX-IX in Figure 8 and
  • FIG. 10 shows a section essentially along the line X - X in FIG. 9.
  • the injection valve according to the invention has a housing 10 with a housing body 11, in which a central guide bore 12 is provided for an armature 13 of an electromagnetic actuating device.
  • the guide bore 12 is followed by a coil receiving section 14 with an enlarged diameter.
  • a non-magnetic intermediate ring 15 with a radial flange 15 'and a sleeve section 15 "rests with its flange 15' on a radial step surface 16 and is fixedly connected to the housing body 11, for example by soldering Sleeve section 15 "of the intermediate ring 15 used and z. B. connected by soldering.
  • the coil receiving section 14 is thus delimited radially on the inside by the intermediate ring 15 and by the connecting tube 17.
  • Fuel flowing through the injection valve can therefore not penetrate into the coil receiving section 14 because of the intermediate ring 15 arranged between the connecting pipe 17 and the housing body 11, so that the magnet coil 19 is accommodated dry in the injection valve.
  • a connecting piece 21 for a fuel supply line is connected to the connecting pipe 17 in a manner not shown.
  • a closing spring 23 is arranged in the connecting pipe 17 and clamped between the armature 13 and an abutment sleeve 24 fixed or adjustable in the connecting pipe 17.
  • a valve body 27 with a piston-like widened end 28 is inserted, on which a sealing ring 28 'is provided in a groove 28 ".
  • An outlet-side tube section 29 of the Valve body 27 is provided on its outer circumference with a circumferential circumferential recess 30 which merges into a circumferential groove 31 near the outlet-side end of tube section 28.
  • a sleeve 32 is pushed over recess 30 and circumferential groove 31, which is in front of recess 30 and is welded behind the circumferential groove 31 to the pipe section 29 of the valve body 27, so that a fuel supply area 33 for fuel channels 34 (FIGS. 4, 5a to 5c) is formed.
  • the valve body 27 has a stepped through bore 35 with a first guide section 36 provided in the piston-like widened end 28, with a second guide section 37 provided in the region of the outlet-side end in the pipe section 29 and with a fuel passage area 38 located between the two guide sections .
  • a valve needle 39 serving as a closing body of the injection valve is guided in the through bore 35 of the valve body 27 and has at its outlet end a sealing surface 40 which cooperates with a valve seat 41 'surrounding a spray opening 41.
  • the end of the valve needle 39 facing away from the sealing surface 40 is fastened with a fastening section 42 in an enlarged section 43 of a through hole 44 in the armature 13.
  • the connecting pipe 17, the armature 13 to the fuel passage area 38, the fastening section 42 and a section 45 of the valve needle 39 guided in the guide section 36 are provided with flats or recesses .
  • the fuel supply from the fuel passage area 38 to the fuel supply area 33 of the fuel passages 34 is made possible by a transverse bore 46.
  • the solenoid 16 is energized or energized and in the process pulls the armature 13 together with the valve needle 39 against the force of the closing spring 23 until the armature 13 has an end face 47 against an end face 48 serving as a stop Connection pipe 17 or until the valve needle 39 abuts with a surface 70 against an end face 71 of a support disk 72 serving as a stop.
  • the closing spring 23 presses the valve needle 39 back into its closed position via the armature 13, in which the sealing surface 40 abuts the valve seat 41 'and seals the spray opening 41.
  • Armature 13 is guided in the non-magnetic intermediate ring 15.
  • the end face 47 of the armature 13 facing the connecting pipe 17 comprises a radially outer stop face 50, against which a recess 51 is set inward on the inside
  • the stop surface 50 has a width of approximately 1 to 2 mm in the radial direction and is wedge-shaped, that is to say tapered. T-shaped, the inner edge of the abutment surface 50 being set back against the outer edge.
  • the step height of step 53 between the stop surface 50 and the recessed ring surface 52 is approximately 50 ⁇ m.
  • the armature 13 is chrome-plated at least in the area of its end face 47 serving as a stop face and possibly its guide collar 49.
  • the receiving section 25 of the housing body 11 has a tube extension 55 on the outlet side, in the outlet-side end of which a receiving bore 56 for a sleeve-shaped valve body 57 is provided.
  • the valve body 57 has a through bore with a guide section 37 for a valve needle 39, which opens into a spray opening 41 which is surrounded by a valve seat 41 '.
  • a fastening flange 58 is provided, which is tightly connected to a sleeve section 32 'of the pipe extension 55 which surrounds the receiving bore 56 and is effectively comparable with the sleeve 32 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • fuel channels 34 are provided in the valve body 29 and 57, respectively, which are designed as bores and connect the fuel supply area 33 to the area of the spray opening 41.
  • the fuel channels 34 are, as shown in FIG. 5a, inclined towards the central axis A of the outlet opening 41 and thus, according to FIG the central axis A is offset such that they pass the central axis A at a distance d.
  • the injection valve is opened, as shown in FIG. 5 a, the fuel jets emerging from the fuel channels 34 are injected through the spray opening 41 directly into the spray region located in front of the injection valve, in particular into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the individual fuel jets run past one another, so that the fuel cloud forming in the spray region has a similarity to the fuel jets.
  • the individual fuel channels 34 can be arranged at equal distances from one another in the circumferential direction. However, they can also have different circumferential distances.
  • a gap between two fuel channels 34 opposite a fixed spark plug rotation position of the injection valve between two fuel channels 34 can be chosen larger or smaller than the remaining distances between the fuel channels 34 in order to ensure a stoichiometric mixture of fuel and air in the area of the spark plug.
  • the individual fuel channels 34 together form the narrowest flow cross section for the fuel to flow through the injection valve.
  • the flow cross sections are between the sealing surface
  • Spray opening 41 is significantly larger than the total cross section of the fuel channels 34. However, it is also possible to use the To make the flow cross section behind the fuel channels 34 so narrow that a partial throttling of the fuel flow through the injection valve occurs between the sealing surface 40 and the valve seat 41 'or in the spray opening 41.
  • the individual fuel channels 34 are offset in the same way against the central axis A of the spray opening 41, but are inclined with different angles of inclination ⁇ , ⁇ against the central axis A of the spray opening 41, as shown in FIG. 5b ⁇ is set. Due to the different inclinations of the fuel channels 34 against the central axis A, a sprayed-off fuel cloud can be achieved, which has a first part that already has a relatively large diameter near the spray opening, while a second part of the fuel cloud penetrates deeper into the spraying area, i.e. into the combustion chamber and ⁇ o ensures a uniform fuel distribution.
  • the spray opening 41 is surrounded by a wall 59 in the form of a cone.
  • the fuel channels 34 are inclined in the same way against the central axis A of the spray opening 41, but are offset differently from them.
  • the fuel channel 34 shown on the right in FIG. 7 is at a distance d ⁇ from the axis A, while that on the left
  • the fuel channel 34 shown is arranged with an increased distance d 2 from the axis of the spray opening 41, so that the fuel sprayed through this fuel channel 34 impacts the area of the spray opening 41 on the surface of the valve seat 41 'and atomizes there.
  • Individual ones of the fuel channels 34 can also be arranged such that the corresponding fuel jets strike the wall surrounding the spray opening 41 or the tip of the valve needle 39.
  • the fuel jets generated by means of the fuel channels 34 collide with one another, as a result of which the atomization of the fuel is improved, in particular for the spray region located relatively close to the injection valve.
  • a cup-shaped valve body 60 is provided, into which a sleeve-shaped guide insert 61 with a guide bore 37 'for the valve needle 39 is inserted.
  • the guide insert 61 has an approximately quadrangular outer cross section with rounded edges corresponding to the inner diameter of the valve body 60, so that it can be inserted into the valve body 60.
  • the end face 62 of the guide insert 61 facing the spray opening 41 is beveled in a conical shape and lies against a corresponding conical bottom surface 63 of the valve body 60.
  • grooves 64 are provided in the conical end face 62 of the guide insert 61, which form the fuel channels 34 '.
  • the fuel channels 34 it is also possible to design the fuel channels 34 as bores, as is shown on the right-hand side of FIG. 10. It is expedient here if the guide insert 61 has at its end facing the spray opening 41 a recess 65 surrounding the guide bore 37 '.
  • the individual fuel channels 34, 34 ' can be arranged with different inclinations and distances from the central axis A of the spray opening 41. If only different distances from the central axis A of the spray opening 41 are required for the individual fuel channels 34, 34 'with the same inclination, all the fuel channels 34' can be realized by corresponding grooves 64. However, if different inclinations are also desired, it is possible to form part of the fuel channels 34 'by grooves, while another part of the fuel channels 34 is designed with a different inclination than bores. It is expedient to design the fuel channels 34 'with a greater inclination towards the central axis A of the spray opening 41 than the fuel channels 34 formed by bores.
  • valve body 60 in which the fuel supply areas 33 'for the individual fuel channels 34, 34' are formed within the valve body, has the advantage that the sealing of the valve body 60 with respect to the valve housing is at a relatively large distance from spray-side end face of the valve body 60 can be made.
  • the fuel channels 34, 34 ' can also have different flow cross sections in a manner not shown in order to achieve a desired fuel distribution. Fuel channels 34, 34 'with small and large cross sections can alternate. It is also possible that only one or two fuel channels 34, 34 'have an enlarged or reduced flow cross section.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Cette soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprend une voie d'écoulement du carburant conduisant d'une admission de carburant jusqu'à un orifice d'injection (41). Une pluralité de conduits de carburant (34) se situent dans la voie d'écoulement de carburant en amont de l'orifice d'injection. A une pression donnée de carburant, la section transversale des conduits de carburant détermine la quantité de carburant injectée par unité de temps. Afin d'influencer la distribution de carburant dans un nuage de carburant injecté, notamment afin d'obtenir une distribution en filaments, au moins une partie des conduits de carburant (34) sont orientés de sorte que les jets de carburant qui en sortent, lorsque la soupape d'injection est ouverte, soient directement injectés à travers l'orifice d'injection (41).
EP96946077A 1996-06-22 1996-12-17 Soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0846225B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19625059A DE19625059A1 (de) 1996-06-22 1996-06-22 Einspritzventil, insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum eines Verbrennungsmotors
DE19625059 1996-06-22
PCT/DE1996/002397 WO1997049911A1 (fr) 1996-06-22 1996-12-17 Soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0846225A1 true EP0846225A1 (fr) 1998-06-10
EP0846225B1 EP0846225B1 (fr) 2007-09-19

Family

ID=7797740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96946077A Expired - Lifetime EP0846225B1 (fr) 1996-06-22 1996-12-17 Soupape d'injection, utile notamment pour injecter directement du carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur a combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6027050A (fr)
EP (1) EP0846225B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3974184B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19625059A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997049911A1 (fr)

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ATE551521T1 (de) 2008-04-18 2012-04-15 Magneti Marelli Spa Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse mit direkter verschlussbetätigung für verbrennungsmotoren
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US9261049B2 (en) * 2012-09-25 2016-02-16 Enginetics, Llc Two step metering solenoid for multi-physics fuel atomizer
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JP6488134B2 (ja) * 2015-01-26 2019-03-20 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 燃料噴射弁
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CN112431930A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-02 石家庄禾柏生物技术股份有限公司 一种密封阀及包含该密封阀的出液结构
CN112547329A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-26 石家庄禾柏生物技术股份有限公司 一种试剂盒出液装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0846225B1 (fr) 2007-09-19
DE19625059A1 (de) 1998-01-02
JP3974184B2 (ja) 2007-09-12
JPH11511831A (ja) 1999-10-12
DE59611443D1 (de) 2007-10-31
WO1997049911A1 (fr) 1997-12-31
US6027050A (en) 2000-02-22

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