EP0833288B1 - Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données des capteurs et système d'alarme radio - Google Patents

Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données des capteurs et système d'alarme radio Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0833288B1
EP0833288B1 EP97116269A EP97116269A EP0833288B1 EP 0833288 B1 EP0833288 B1 EP 0833288B1 EP 97116269 A EP97116269 A EP 97116269A EP 97116269 A EP97116269 A EP 97116269A EP 0833288 B1 EP0833288 B1 EP 0833288B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensors
signalling
radio
sensor
measurement data
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97116269A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0833288A2 (fr
EP0833288A3 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr.-Ing. Von Pieverling
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP0833288A3 publication Critical patent/EP0833288A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for radio transmission of Measurement data from alarm sensors of a radio hazard alarm system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a method for radio transmission of Measurement data from alarm sensors of a radio hazard alarm system is known from US-A-5 430 433.
  • a central unit is with one Radio receiver equipped, the associated signaling sensors (for Example fire detectors and motion detectors) with a radio transmitter, which sends a radio telegram to the control center in the event of danger sends.
  • the radio transmitter normally transmits daily a function message.
  • the disadvantage of this unidirectional Radio transmission is conditional on its susceptibility to interference due to the large range of radio transmission (> 150 m) and the intensive use of the 433 MHz frequency band very many radio services (radio amateurs, remote control, cordless Headphones, etc.).
  • the object of the present invention is to: improved method for the transmission of measurement data from signal sensors specify, with a large number of self-sufficient detectors to monitor complex buildings and also time-critical tasks are to be accomplished in the security area.
  • This task is accomplished through a method of transferring Measurement data with the characteristic features of the claim 1 solved.
  • Each signaling sensor has its own transceiver. Instead of the reporting data of the reporting sensors Transfer directly to the central unit are in the invention Process this data via neighboring alarm sensors passed in the form of a radio transmission chain. Due to the smaller distance to be bridged between neighboring ones Signal sensors compared to the distance to the central unit frequency bands can also be used with which can only be bridged over shorter distances. It frequency bands around 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, for example in question. The 5.8 GHz range in particular is currently very high little burdened. There are also significantly wider frequency bands to disposal. Compared to 2 MHz at 433 MHz, it is 83 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band and 150 MHz in the 5.8 GHz band.
  • Radio hazard detection systems according to the invention can also be used use very flexibly because the individual transmission paths between the signal sensors are not fixed, but set specifically for the respective application can be.
  • a conventional one Radio hazard alarm system a central unit 1 with alarm sensors 2 connected wirelessly in the form of a central one Receiver device 4 with sensor-side transmitter devices 5 communicates.
  • a battery in the alarm sensor 2 6 provided that both the sensor-side transmitter 5 as well as the actual detection device 3, for example a smoke detector or an infrared sensor, with electricity provided.
  • the radio hazard alarm system according to the invention shown in Figure 2 also has a central unit 1 on, which is connected to several alarm sensors 2. there is on the one hand a central transceiver 7 as well as a sensor-side transceiver 8 provided a bidirectional communication between Ensure central unit 1 and alarm sensor 2.
  • a central transceiver 7 as well as a sensor-side transceiver 8 provided a bidirectional communication between Ensure central unit 1 and alarm sensor 2.
  • the signal sensor 2 as well as the sensor side Transceiver 8 is an individual power supply, for example a battery 6 or a solar cell, provided in the message sensor 2.
  • the sensor-side transceiver 8 comprises a radio device 11, an alarm clock 12 as a time-controlled monitoring device and a sequence control unit 13.
  • the alarm clock 12 ensures that the message sensor 2 and the sensor-side transceiver 8 are not always on, which the battery 6 would be unnecessarily loaded, but switches both the sensor-side transceiver 8 and the alarm sensor 2 only when a transmission is imminent.
  • the sensor-side transceiver 8 can the individual alarm sensors 2 of a radio hazard alarm system also communicate with each other, and it can be, for example, a radio hazard alarm system in Build the tree structure as shown in Figure 3.
  • the central unit 1 has two radio subsystems FTS 1 and FTS 2 connected, the radio subsystems used for example by the radio transmission distinguish different frequency. In every radio subsystem there are 32 message sensors, which are hierarchical are connected to the central unit 1.
  • the alarm sensors connected to the central unit 1 2 form the second hierarchical level H2, which with the Alarm sensors of the second hierarchy level H2 connected alarm sensors 2 form the third hierarchy level H3 etc.
  • the individual message sensors become a hierarchy level 2 differentiated by specifying an additional detector number (M1..M8).
  • M1..M8 By specifying the radio subsystem, the hierarchy level and the detector number is a unique address of the individual signal sensors 2 guaranteed.
  • the concatenation of the individual signal sensors 2 is now ensured that each message sensor 2 both the address of a Message sensor 2 in a next higher hierarchy level such as the addresses of alarm sensors 2 in the next lower one Knows hierarchical levels with which he communicates.
  • the message sensors 2 of the middle hierarchy levels thus serve as Intermediate stations for the transmission of measurement data from the signal sensors 2 of the lower hierarchy levels to the central unit 1.
  • Figure 4a are existing connections by broad lines characterized.
  • Fig.4b is the Time sequence of the associated telegram processing is shown, the identifier telegrams are in a first time period KTN KTN and in the subsequent time period ATN the response telegrams ZS transmitted in fixed time slots.
  • Time slots are ZSM, in which telegrams are transmitted are represented by wide lines and time slots ZSO, in which no telegrams are transmitted, through thin lines.
  • the central unit 1 starts the transmission by sending an identifier telegram KT as a synchronization signal.
  • the identifier telegram essentially contains the address of the Central unit 1 as well as further information about the operating state the radio hazard alarm system, which later be described in more detail.
  • the message sensors 2 of the second hierarchical level H2 will be published shortly before the Identifier telegram KT of the central unit 1 through its alarm clock 12 switched on and all read this identification telegram at the same time KT.
  • the start edge of the identifier telegram KT also serves as the system synchronization time, i.e. from this point on, all other activities are quartz-precise established.
  • the signal sensors then send 2 of the second hierarchical level H2 one after the other Identifier telegrams KT, in FIG. 4a, 4b it is the message sensors 2 with detector numbers M1, M2 and M5.
  • the the transmitted addresses must not be completely occupied. if all addresses are occupied, the messages appear in a specified system time interval, otherwise there are corresponding ones Gaps as shown in Fig. 4b.
  • the message sensors 2 of the third hierarchy level H3 receive these identifier telegrams and compare it with the saved one assigned address of the message sensor 2 of the second hierarchy level H2 to whom you want to transfer your registration data.
  • the message sensors 2 of the third hierarchy level H3 are as well as the signal sensors 2 of the second hierarchy level H2 turned on by their alarm clocks 12.
  • the identifier telegram KT of interest is sent, So it may be that the identifier telegram first a temporally preceding message sensor 2 of the second Hierarchy level H2 is received.
  • the message sensor 2 has between the sending of the individual identifier telegrams KT is sufficient Time for a comparison of the identifier telegrams KT. If the correct identifier telegram KT has been received, this is done a synchronization of the further timing on this Time of reception, the time shift due to the address of the message sensor 2 of the next higher hierarchy levels is taken into account.
  • the other hierarchy levels are treated analogously.
  • the receipt of the identifier telegram KT from the assigned signal sensor 2 of the upper hierarchy level triggers the measuring process its own detection device 3, so that afterwards a current value can be transferred to it. If all Have sent signal sensors 2 of the penultimate hierarchy level, that is, if the corresponding allotted broadcast time has expired, after a pause the return of the Measurement data started. The pause gives the last message sensor 2 Opportunity to activate its detection device 3. For the return of the measurement data in a reply telegram is AT a fixed time slot ZS is assigned to each signaling sensor. The Data transmission takes place in the reverse order to that Transmission of the identifier telegrams, i.e. it starts first the message sensors 2 of the lowest hierarchy level in a predetermined Order.
  • the alarm sensors 2 of the upper one Hierarchy levels receive the measurement data from the signal sensors 2 the lower hierarchy and send both their own Measurement data as well as the measurement data received from the signal sensors 2 of the lower hierarchy levels at the respective assigned Message sensor 2 of the upper hierarchy level continues until the measurement data have arrived in the central unit 1. To the transmission of the response telegram switches the alarm clock 12 the signal sensors to save electricity.
  • a single alarm sensor 2 is not ready for operation, then he will not send an identifier telegram KT.
  • the rule applies that the own identification telegram is only for Receipt of the identifier telegram from the assigned alarm sensor 2 of the upper hierarchical level may be sent.
  • the associated message sensors 2 of the lower hierarchy levels lame. Since each detector sensor 2 from its parameter set knows the downstream sensor 2, whose Reply telegram AT to the respective message sensor 2 must pass through the upper hierarchy level Signal sensors 2 of the next lower hierarchy level a fixed one Time window assigned for data reception. The receiving one Message sensor 2 now sets these time windows one after the other and tries to receive the measurement data.
  • the transceiver In the initiation phase, for example, the transceiver becomes 8 switched on for 50 ⁇ s each and then switched off for 1s. The period of 50 ⁇ s is sufficient to settle the frequency synthesizer to let.
  • a continuous signal (approx. 5s) is emitted.
  • the essential task this continuous signal consists of all the signal sensors 2 Radio hazard warning system to draw your attention to the fact that there is radio operation at all. So it just comes up a level detection, not on the correct reading of the continuous signal.
  • Each signal sensor 2 which is a continuous signal from somewhere detected, follows the initiation phase and also sends a continuous signal. Then switches each signal sensor 2 for a longer time (approx.
  • Another important question is the cost of an expansion the radio hazard detection system, e.g. the effort one insert additional alarm sensor 2.
  • the alarm sensor 2 is cheapest is to be installed.
  • the hierarchy level to choose and the cheapest The connection point depends on the planned location of the signal sensor 2. Then only the signal sensor the upper hierarchical level and the central unit 1 the configuration extension can be communicated.
  • FIG 5 is another embodiment of a Radio hazard detection system shown.
  • the central unit 1 with individual signal sensors 2 in type and Connected way that only in each radio subsystem AGVS a message sensor 2 is provided per hierarchy level.
  • the individual Signaling sensors 2 spatially so closely staggered that not only the Message sensor 2 of the next hierarchy level, but also the Message sensor 2 of the next but one hierarchy level can be reached is.
  • this radio alarm system how already described, first the identifier telegrams KT individual message sensors 2 sent in succession.
  • the concatenation consists in the fact that the individual signal sensors 2 not just the identifier telegram of the signal sensor of the upper one Hierarchy level, but also the identifier telegram KT of the Message sensor 2, the two hierarchy levels above it is reads. In general, both identifier telegrams KT receive.
  • Each detector sensor 2 is sufficient for this normal operation its response telegram AT to the message sensor of the top Hierarchy level continues, as is the case with the tree structure according to the figure 2 and 3 has already been set out.
  • the Message sensor 2 in the hierarchy level above the failed one Alarm sensor 2 detects that it is from the failed alarm sensor 2 does not receive a reply telegram AT, therefore it sets an additional reception time window for the message sensor 2 two hierarchy levels below, receives the response telegram AT, also sets information about the failed alarm sensor 2, and sends this data along with your own Measurement data than his reply telegram AT.
  • the central unit 1 immediately recognizes the faulty one without additional actions Message sensor 2 on the additional information inserted.
  • This chained willow branch structure is ideal for the narrow assembly of elongated buildings without large ones spatial interruption.
  • the system is well manageable and robust, temporarily every second alarm sensor 2 can Function can be set without the radio hazard alarm system collapses.
  • FIGS. 6a to 7b Another exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 6a to 7b shown.
  • the individual signal sensors 2 are in one Loop structure built.
  • Both AGV radio subsystems are constructed analogously to the willow branch structure, i.e. in each Hierarchy level there is only one message sensor 2.
  • Both radio subsystems AGVs work on the same radio channel.
  • the message sensors 2 of the lowest hierarchy level are so closely arranged that they are together can communicate by radio.
  • Figure 6b is the Time sequence of the telegram transmission in normal operation shown.
  • the time slots ZS are each through vertical lines are shown, with time slots ZSM in which Telegrams are sent out by broad lines, and Time slots ZSO in which no telegrams are sent are marked with narrow lines.
  • Time ranges KTN are analogous to those described so far Embodiments of the identifier telegrams KT of the individual Message sensors 2 are sent, the identifier telegrams KT of the two radio subsystems FTS sent so that the identifier telegrams KT of the two systems against each other half a telegram increment are offset.
  • the passage of time is also dimensioned so that the knowledge telegrams KT the last two signal sensors 2 in quick succession be sent. This fact is an essential part the loop redundancy and is closer with reference to Figure 7 explained.
  • the reply telegrams AT are returned in fourth time period ATN, the individual time slots of the the two radio subsystems AGVs are in turn nested are.
  • Intelligent time management makes time for the transmission of the response telegrams AT reduced by the length of the reserved time slots ZS the length of the Response telegrams AT are adapted.
  • the query time is unsatisfactory.
  • the system can be used in an analog form also use for intrusion detection systems. It is in one larger time interval in the manner already described and Way a functional check and a synchronization of the individual signal sensors 2 reached.
  • individual time slots are provided in which the individual alarm sensors when detecting a hazard message this to the respective assigned sensor 2 of the upper one Hierarchy level.
  • These signal sensors 2 the upper hierarchy level then routes this data accordingly to central unit 1. To do this, the individual Signal sensors 2 in the time interval very precisely their respective Switch on transceiver 8.
  • the transceiver detects 8 on missing reception and switches off, otherwise the received message will be allocated in your own Broadcast timeslot passed up one hierarchy level.
  • the synchronization of the individual alarm clocks 12 in the Signaling sensors 2 will refer to this repetition time the central unit 1 achieved. Because of the short-term The transceiver 8 can be switched on therefore operate the individual alarm sensor 2 with a battery 6.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure de capteurs (2) à un dispositif de réception (4) d'une unité centrale (1) d'un système d'alarme radio au moyen d'un dispositif d'émission (5) côté capteurs, les données de mesure étant transmises du dispositif d'émission (5) côté capteurs vers le dispositif de réception (4) côté centrale sur un trajet de transmission radioélectrique prédéfini par l'intermédiaire de dispositifs émetteurs-récepteurs attribués à des capteurs (2) supplémentaires comme stations intermédiaires,
    les capteurs (2) étant attribués par groupes à des niveaux hiérarchiques de telle sorte que les capteurs (2) qui utilisent un nombre identique de stations intermédiaires pour la transmission au dispositif de réception (4) côté centrale, sont affectés à un niveau hiérarchique commun, l'unité centrale (1) transmettant à un (premier) niveau hiérarchique supérieur (H1), les capteurs (2), qui transmettent leurs données de mesure directement à l'unité centrale (1), transmettant à un deuxième niveau hiérarchique (H2) et les capteurs (2), qui transmettent leurs données de mesure à des capteurs (2) d'un niveau hiérarchique sélectionné, étant affectés à un niveau hiérarchique inférieur suivant par rapport au niveau hiérarchique sélectionné,
    la transmission radioélectrique ayant lieu dans une trame de temps définie et les dispositifs émetteurs-récepteurs (8) côté capteurs étant respectivement connectés seulement dans des créneaux temporels essentiels à la transmission radioélectrique,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pendant le créneau temporel essentiel, les capteurs (2)
    reçoivent un signal de synchronisation du niveau hiérarchique supérieur suivant,
    émettent ensuite un signal de synchronisation aux capteurs (2) d'un niveau hiérarchique inférieur,
    reçoivent après des données de mesure de capteurs (2) de niveaux hiérarchiques inférieurs et
    continuent de transmettre les données de mesure reçues, avec de propres données de mesure, au dispositif émetteur-récepteur (8) du capteur (2) servant de station intermédiaire suivante.
  2. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les capteurs (2) utilisés comme stations intermédiaires de la transmission radioélectrique sont disposés sur le trajet de transmission entre le capteur (2) et l'unité centrale (1) en ce qui concerne l'atténuation radioélectrique minimale et/ou le nombre minimal de stations intermédiaires.
  3. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les signaux de synchronisation émis par l'unité centrale (1) et les stations intermédiaires se distinguent les uns des autres par codage ou par différentes voies radioélectriques, et
    en ce que les dispositifs émetteurs-récepteurs (8) côté capteurs se synchronisent chacun sélectivement seulement sur le signal de synchronisation du capteur (2) du niveau hiérarchique supérieur suivant, lequel leur est spécifié comme station intermédiaire par le trajet de transmission.
  4. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les capteurs (2) communiquent aussi bien avec les capteurs (2) suivants sur le trajet de transmission qu'avec les capteurs (2) suivant après sur le trajet de transmission, et en ce que, en cas de panne d'un capteur (2) suivant sur le trajet de transmission, la transmission radioélectrique des données de mesure et/ou des signaux de synchronisation est réalisée sur le capteur (2) suivant après sur le trajet de transmission.
  5. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour les capteurs (2), outre un trajet de transmission disponible vers l'unité centrale (1), d'autres trajets de transmission sont prévus alternativement par l'intermédiaire d'autres stations intermédiaires, et en ce que, en cas de panne d'un capteur (2) servant de station intermédiaire, la transmission radioélectrique des données de mesure et/ou des signaux de synchronisation est réalisée sur l'un des trajets de transmission alternatifs.
  6. Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données de mesure suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    deux capteurs (2) connectés à l'unité centrale (1) sur différents trajets de transmission se transmettent réciproquement leurs données de mesure et/ou leurs signaux de synchronisation, un trajet de transmission alternatif étant ainsi formé pour les capteurs (2) des deux différents trajets de transmission.
  7. Système d'alarme radio pour la réalisation d'un procédé suivant la revendication 1, comprenant une unité centrale (1) dotée d'un dispositif émetteur-récepteur (7) et de capteurs (2) correspondants qui comprennent des dispositifs de détection, un dispositif émetteur-récepteur (8) côté capteurs et une unité de commande de déroulement,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité de commande de déroulement présente un dispositif de surveillance (12) pour la connexion et déconnexion commandées dans le temps des dispositifs émetteurs-récepteurs (8) pendant un créneau temporel essentiel à la transmission radioélectrique et est exécutée de telle manière
    qu'un signal de synchronisation du niveau hiérarchique supérieur suivant est reçu,
    qu'ensuite un signal de synchronisation est émis aux capteurs (2) d'un niveau hiérarchique inférieur,
    qu'après cela des données de mesure de capteurs (2) de niveaux hiérarchiques inférieurs sont reçues et
    que les données de mesure reçues continuent d'être transmises, avec de propres données de mesure, au dispositif émetteur-récepteur (8) du capteur (2) servant de station intermédiaire suivante.
  8. Système d'alarme radio suivant la revendication 7,
    caractérisé par
    un dispositif (6) dans le capteur (2) pour l'alimentation individuelle en courant.
  9. Système d'alarme radio suivant l'une des revendications 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un critère spécifique au capteur est respectivement mémorisé dans l'unité de commande de déroulement (13) afin d'identifier chacun des capteurs (2) dans le système d'alarme radio.
  10. Système d'alarme radio suivant l'une des revendications 7 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les critères des capteurs (2), avec lesquels le capteur (2) respectif communique dans le système d'alarme radio, sont mémorisés dans l'unité de commande de déroulement (13).
EP97116269A 1996-09-30 1997-09-18 Procédé pour la transmission radioélectrique de données des capteurs et système d'alarme radio Expired - Lifetime EP0833288B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19640362 1996-09-30
DE19640362 1996-09-30

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EP0833288A2 EP0833288A2 (fr) 1998-04-01
EP0833288A3 EP0833288A3 (fr) 2000-01-19
EP0833288B1 true EP0833288B1 (fr) 2003-08-20

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EP (1) EP0833288B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE247856T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59710605D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2205106T3 (fr)

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DE102004039675A1 (de) * 2004-08-16 2006-03-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Inbetriebsetzung von funkbasierten Gefahrenmeldesystemen
US7394360B2 (en) 2004-10-12 2008-07-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for commissioning radio-based emergency alarm systems
EP1177541B2 (fr) † 1999-05-13 2009-06-24 Honeywell Inc. Reseau de commande sans fil dans lequel les emissions se font dans des tranches de temps programmees

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EP1282095B1 (fr) 2001-08-03 2010-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de communication radio dans un système d'alarme
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DE10317586B3 (de) 2003-04-16 2005-04-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Funkübertragung in einem Gefahrenmeldesystem
DE10317962A1 (de) 2003-04-17 2004-11-25 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Anmeldung eines neuen Teilnehmers in einem Funksystem einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage
FR2857141B1 (fr) * 2003-05-19 2009-03-06 Cedom Installation d'alarme sans fil a faible consommation d'energie
FR2855297B1 (fr) * 2003-05-19 2006-04-21 Cedom Systeme d'alarme sans fil et procede de transmission.
FR2855298B1 (fr) * 2003-05-19 2006-01-21 Cedom Installation d'alarme sans fil a relais et procede de relayage.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1177541B2 (fr) † 1999-05-13 2009-06-24 Honeywell Inc. Reseau de commande sans fil dans lequel les emissions se font dans des tranches de temps programmees
DE102004039675A1 (de) * 2004-08-16 2006-03-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Inbetriebsetzung von funkbasierten Gefahrenmeldesystemen
DE102004039675B4 (de) * 2004-08-16 2006-11-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Inbetriebsetzung von funkbasierten Gefahrenmeldesystemen
US7394360B2 (en) 2004-10-12 2008-07-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for commissioning radio-based emergency alarm systems

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Publication number Publication date
DE59710605D1 (de) 2003-09-25
EP0833288A2 (fr) 1998-04-01
EP0833288A3 (fr) 2000-01-19
ATE247856T1 (de) 2003-09-15
ES2205106T3 (es) 2004-05-01

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