EP0826130B1 - Verfahren zum einschmelzen von metallischen einsatzstoffen in einem schachtofen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum einschmelzen von metallischen einsatzstoffen in einem schachtofen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0826130B1 EP0826130B1 EP97903198A EP97903198A EP0826130B1 EP 0826130 B1 EP0826130 B1 EP 0826130B1 EP 97903198 A EP97903198 A EP 97903198A EP 97903198 A EP97903198 A EP 97903198A EP 0826130 B1 EP0826130 B1 EP 0826130B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- furnace
- coke
- wind
- blast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/28—Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
Definitions
- the invention is defined in claim 1 and relates to a method for melting metallic feedstocks in a shaft furnace where coke Metallic and non-metallic materials, such as iron and non-ferrous metals, Basalt and diabase, despite the development of electrical and flame-heated melting processes as before melted in coke-heated shaft ovens. So are still today approx. 60% of all iron materials are produced in cupola furnaces.
- oxygen either by enriching the Cupola furnace wind up to max. 25% or by direct injection with Subsonic speed is blown into the cupola furnace. Due to the high operating costs, however, oxygen is used only used discontinuously, e.g. for a quick start the cold oven or for a temporary increase in the Iron temperature. The possibility of increasing performance, i.e. Continuous use of oxygen is only used in exceptional cases used.
- melting performance diagram Fig. 1 By linking the influencing factors, wind volume, coke rate and Combustion ratio with the target sizes, melting performance diagram Fig. 1 with curves of the same coke set and the same Wind amount.
- This melt flow diagram known as the Jungbluth diagram must be determined empirically for each cupola. A Transfer to other cupola furnaces is not possible because of the operating behavior with changed boundary conditions, such as coke lumps, Coke reactivity, compound composition, wind speed, Oven pressure, temperature, etc. change immediately.
- the heat losses are lowest at the maximum temperature. If the amount of wind is too high, ie the flow rate is high, the furnace is blown over. If the air volume is too small, ie the flow rate is too low, the furnace is blown out. In both cases, the combustion temperature is reduced because, on the one hand, the additional N 2 ballast has to be heated and, on the other hand, heat is extracted through the additional CO formation. In addition, the iron accompanying elements are more strongly oxidized when overblown.
- the coke present in the middle of the furnace does not contribute to the reaction because the combustion air due to the low momentum cannot penetrate the bed in front of it.
- the reaction zone is in the immediate vicinity of the wind nozzle (Fig. 2a).
- the depth of penetration is not essential enlarge. Due to the higher oxygen supply, the reaction zone expanded upwards due to the pressure conditions (Fig. 2b).
- the even combustion over the furnace cross section i.e. the even distribution of the oxygen supply desirable.
- the impulse i.e. the The speed of the air or oxygen has been radiating up to now Targeted values to be designated as state of the art increased become.
- Patent application GB 2 018 295 describes a system with which the oxygen is built into the center of the wind vents Laval nozzles, i.e. blown in at supersonic speed to the wear of the refractory lining minimize.
- the Kökssatz could not be reduced.
- EP-A-0 554 022 discloses a method for melting metallic Feedstocks in a shaft furnace in which coke with preheated air and largely pure oxygen is burned and the flue gases in countercurrent heat the metal insert and the melt in the coke bed overheats and is carburized.
- a fixed subset of the Oxygen injected into the coke bed at supersonic speed is used.
- the remaining amount of oxygen is added to the wind in the wind ring in a controlled manner (Fig. 4).
- the oxygen enrichment in the wind is controlled and regulated by the components CO, CO 2 , O 2 , in the blast furnace gas.
- the reaction zone which has penetrated into the tongue in the middle of the cupola furnace as a result of the supersonic injection (FIG. 2 c), is expanded and evened out, since, due to the suction capacity of the supersonic jet, combustion air enriched with O 2 is also transported to the center of the furnace. (Fig. 2d)
- the furnace pressure is reduced and reduced the amount of blast furnace gas by 20%. Due to the The smaller the flow rate in the furnace, the amount of dust additionally reduced in proportion to the amount of blast furnace gas.
- the hot wind temperature increases by up to 30 ° C because the recuperator passes through the reduced amount of wind has to do less.
- the basic quantities can be selected from the diagram according to FIG. 3.
- the absolute amount of oxygen addition is determined by the desired Iron temperature determined. The iron temperature rises when the temperature in the coke bed rises. The temperature in the coke bed increases when the cooling effect of the accompanying oxygen Nitrogen is missing.
- the optimal ratio of the volume shares of CO to CO2 in the Top gas is the sum of the resulting operating costs determined. A more reducing atmosphere with higher ones Proportions of CO result in savings in silicon and higher Coke expenses. The optimal setting therefore depends also depending on the respective market prices of the raw materials. There are Times and countries where a more oxidizing mode of operation is economical. The cheapest ratio of CO to CO2 must therefore be checked from time to time and the appropriate one Amount of oxygen can be adjusted.
- the intended optimal attitude of CO to CO2 fluctuates, because by scattering the batches of Carbon to iron is produced. This short term Fluctuations can be caused by adjusting the addition of Oxygen can be balanced.
- the Boudouard reaction is prompt, because the temperature of the coke bed when adding Oxygen rises very quickly.
- the supply of the total amount of Oxygen to O1 and 02 is therefore controlled so that the Ratio of CO to CO2 at the most economical value is held. With this driving style, the least spread of analysis achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Die Bonding (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
- niedrige Eisentemperaturen
- hoher Siliziumabbrand
- geringe Aufkohlung
- hoher Koksverbrauch
- hohe Schwefelaufnahme
- hoher Feuerfestverschluss
- die Schmelzleistung
- die Eisentemperatur
- der Kokssatz
- geringere Aufkohlung
- Erhöhung des Si-Abbrands
- Erhöhung des FeO-Gehaltes in der Schlacke
- Randgängigkeit des Ofens durch Reduzierung der Windgeschwindigkeit
Claims (4)
- Verfahren zum Einschmelzen von metallischen Einsatzstoffen in einem Schmelzofen, bei dem Koks in einem Koksbett mit vorgewärmter Luft und weitgehend reinem Sauerstoff verbrannt wird, wobei eine erste feste Teilmenge des Sauerstoffs mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit in das Koksbett eingedüst wird, und die Rauchgase im Gegenstrom den metallischen Einsatz erwärmen, bei dem die Schmelze in dem Koksbett überhitzt und aufgekohlt wird, und bei dem ein Gichtgas den Schmelzofen verlässt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Teilmenge des Sauerstoffs geregelt einem Ofenwind in einem Windring beigemischt wird, wobei die Regelung der zweiten Sauerstoff-Teilmenge in Abhängigkeit vom CO/CO2-Gehalt des Gichtgases erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur des metallischen Eisens durch einen Regelkreis konstant gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ofenatmosphäre durch einen Regelkreis konstant gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der CO/CO2-Gehalt des Gichtgases zur Minimierung eines Abbrandes im Schmelzofen eingestellt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH556/96 | 1996-03-04 | ||
CH00556/96A CH690378A5 (de) | 1996-03-04 | 1996-03-04 | Verfahren zum Einschmelzen von metallischen Einsatzstoffen in einem Schachtofen. |
CH55696 | 1996-03-04 | ||
PCT/CH1997/000080 WO1997033134A1 (de) | 1996-03-04 | 1997-03-03 | Verfahren zum einschmelzen von metallischen einsatzstoffen in einem schachtofen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0826130A1 EP0826130A1 (de) | 1998-03-04 |
EP0826130B1 true EP0826130B1 (de) | 2003-07-23 |
Family
ID=4189741
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97903198A Expired - Lifetime EP0826130B1 (de) | 1996-03-04 | 1997-03-03 | Verfahren zum einschmelzen von metallischen einsatzstoffen in einem schachtofen |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5946340A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0826130B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11504707A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990008225A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE245791T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1763997A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9702109A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2217995A1 (de) |
CH (1) | CH690378A5 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ342097A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59710457D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2205170T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL323343A1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT826130E (de) |
RU (1) | RU2137068C1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK147397A3 (de) |
TR (1) | TR199701297T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997033134A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19954556A1 (de) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-23 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schmelzofens |
FR2893122B1 (fr) * | 2005-11-10 | 2014-01-31 | Air Liquide | Procede d'injection supersonique d'oxygene dans un four |
EP1939305A1 (de) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-02 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Roheisen in einem Hochofen |
JP5262354B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-30 | 2013-08-14 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 竪型溶解炉を用いた溶銑製造方法 |
JP5515242B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-30 | 2014-06-11 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 竪型溶解炉を用いた溶銑製造方法 |
JP5181875B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-30 | 2013-04-10 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 竪型溶解炉を用いた溶銑製造方法 |
US8323558B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-12-04 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Dynamic control of lance utilizing counterflow fluidic techniques |
US20110127701A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Grant Michael G K | Dynamic control of lance utilizing co-flow fluidic techniques |
US8377372B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-02-19 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Dynamic lances utilizing fluidic techniques |
US9797023B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-10-24 | Grede Llc | Shaft furnace and method of operating same |
KR200480927Y1 (ko) | 2014-07-10 | 2016-07-25 | 임홍섭 | 조립식 선반 |
RU2709318C1 (ru) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-12-17 | Публичное акционерное общество "Северсталь" (ПАО "Северсталь") | Способ ведения доменной плавки |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR890211A (fr) * | 1941-10-25 | 1944-02-02 | Eisenwerke A G Deutsche | Procédé de production de la fonte au haut-fourneau en présence d'oxygène |
GB914904A (en) * | 1959-10-28 | 1963-01-09 | British Oxygen Co Ltd | Melting of ferrous metal |
US3964897A (en) * | 1973-03-02 | 1976-06-22 | Klockner-Werke Ag | Method and arrangement for melting charges, particularly for use in the production of steel |
GB1571484A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1980-07-16 | Boc Ltd | Process for melting metal in a vertical shaft furnace |
US4324583A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-04-13 | Union Carbide Corporation | Supersonic injection of oxygen in cupolas |
US4547150A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-10-15 | Midland-Ross Corporation | Control system for oxygen enriched air burner |
ZA85287B (en) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-09-24 | Korf Engineering Gmbh | Process for the production of pig iron |
US5060913A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-10-29 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Integrated metallurgical reactor |
GB9202073D0 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1992-03-18 | Boc Group Plc | Operation of vertical shaft furnaces |
JPH07190629A (ja) * | 1993-04-15 | 1995-07-28 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | スクラップ原料予熱装入装置 |
JPH07332860A (ja) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-22 | Taiyo Chuki Co Ltd | 竪型迅速溶解炉 |
-
1996
- 1996-03-04 CH CH00556/96A patent/CH690378A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-03-03 JP JP9531292A patent/JPH11504707A/ja active Pending
- 1997-03-03 KR KR1019970707751A patent/KR19990008225A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-03 AT AT97903198T patent/ATE245791T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-03 PL PL97323343A patent/PL323343A1/xx unknown
- 1997-03-03 WO PCT/CH1997/000080 patent/WO1997033134A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-03 TR TR97/01297T patent/TR199701297T1/xx unknown
- 1997-03-03 SK SK1473-97A patent/SK147397A3/sk unknown
- 1997-03-03 CZ CZ973420A patent/CZ342097A3/cs unknown
- 1997-03-03 DE DE59710457T patent/DE59710457D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-03 PT PT97903198T patent/PT826130E/pt unknown
- 1997-03-03 RU RU97119930A patent/RU2137068C1/ru active
- 1997-03-03 US US08/952,316 patent/US5946340A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-03 BR BR9702109-1A patent/BR9702109A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-03-03 EP EP97903198A patent/EP0826130B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-03 AU AU17639/97A patent/AU1763997A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-03 ES ES97903198T patent/ES2205170T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-03 CA CA002217995A patent/CA2217995A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ342097A3 (cs) | 1998-03-18 |
BR9702109A (pt) | 2001-11-27 |
PT826130E (pt) | 2003-12-31 |
US5946340A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
SK147397A3 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
WO1997033134A1 (de) | 1997-09-12 |
CA2217995A1 (en) | 1997-09-12 |
MX9708409A (es) | 1998-08-30 |
ATE245791T1 (de) | 2003-08-15 |
CH690378A5 (de) | 2000-08-15 |
AU1763997A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
KR19990008225A (ko) | 1999-01-25 |
RU2137068C1 (ru) | 1999-09-10 |
DE59710457D1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
ES2205170T3 (es) | 2004-05-01 |
JPH11504707A (ja) | 1999-04-27 |
EP0826130A1 (de) | 1998-03-04 |
PL323343A1 (en) | 1998-03-30 |
TR199701297T1 (xx) | 1998-06-22 |
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