EP0823019B1 - Kraftstoff-einspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Kraftstoff-einspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0823019B1 EP0823019B1 EP96912036A EP96912036A EP0823019B1 EP 0823019 B1 EP0823019 B1 EP 0823019B1 EP 96912036 A EP96912036 A EP 96912036A EP 96912036 A EP96912036 A EP 96912036A EP 0823019 B1 EP0823019 B1 EP 0823019B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- injection device
- armature
- fuel injection
- pressure chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 208000002352 blister Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/04—Pumps peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/06—Use of pressure wave generated by fuel inertia to open injection valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a solid energy storage principle working fuel injector in particular for two-stroke engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Fuel injectors based on the solid-state energy storage principle work are described in EP 0 629 265, described in particular with reference to FIGS. 13 to 19.
- she work according to the so-called pump-nozzle system with pressure surge injection with an initial accelerated partial stroke an armature acting axially as a delivery piston with an electromagnetically driven injection pump is provided, in which a displacement of delivered fuel without pressure build-up in the fuel liquid he follows.
- valve device actuated by the armature movement caused fuel circuit interruption during the resistance-free forward stroke of the delivery piston and due to the subsequent movement of the delivery piston gives the delivery piston its stored kinetic energy suddenly or suddenly to the subset of fuel, which is in a by the Closed circuit formed or separated Space area of the circulation space - the so-called pressure space - between the delivery piston or in the delivery piston and a e.g. spring-loaded, closed injection nozzle is located.
- the sudden Pressure build-up in the fuel e.g. 60 bar causes one Injector opening and fuel injection through the injection nozzle into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine for an extremely short period of e.g. one thousandth Second.
- the fuel is extremely briefly and directly into the Combustion chamber 4 of a cylinder 5 injected, and only then if the outlet channel 3 is largely closed.
- the control 6 to optimize the pump-nozzle system is done electronically about e.g. a microprocessor that determines the injection timing and controls the amount of fuel, e.g. with a Temperature sensor 7 and a throttle valve potentiometer 8 a crank angle sensor 9 the injection timing depending on the load is determined.
- the microprocessor expediently controls also the ignition system 10 with the pump-nozzle system with fuel charged piston-cylinder unit of the engine.
- the fuel circulation space of a pressure chamber and a delivery piston or armature space, the pressure chamber of the by a parking pressure valve separated from the pressure chamber area is where the kinetic energy of the anchor on the fuel is transmitted and the anchor space is the subspace area, in which the fuel displaced without resistance during the accelerated partial strokes can flow.
- the armature space can over the known pump-nozzle systems a housing bore with a fuel flooding or flushing device communicate so that fuel during the Injection activity of the armature and / or during the start phase the pump or the motor is conveyed through this area can be.
- a fuel flooding or flushing device communicates so that fuel during the Injection activity of the armature and / or during the start phase the pump or the motor is conveyed through this area can be.
- DD-PS 213 472 From DD-PS 213 472, in particular its figure 3, one goes further fuel injection device working according to the energy storage principle which is an electromagnetically operated Reciprocating element, which one in a pressure channel fuel is compressed and at an injection nozzle sprinkles.
- the reciprocating piston passes through a low pressure chamber, the is connected to the pressure chamber by means of a small channel, a check valve being arranged in the channel.
- the Low pressure chamber is adjacent to the drive unit Injector arranged and has one of the reciprocating element actuated membrane on, to promote fuel serves from the low pressure chamber in the pressure channel, the Low pressure chamber immediately supplied with fresh fuel becomes. Since only small portions from the low pressure chamber the main amount remains in the pressure channel of the fuel in the low pressure chamber via a Considerable dwell time in the low pressure chamber in which the Fuel is heated.
- the object of the invention is the penetration of gas bubbles in the Pressure chamber and in particular the formation of gas bubbles in the Pressure chamber of the pump-nozzle systems described at the outset largely to avoid.
- the invention accordingly sees in particular a pressure chamber in the the energy stored in the anchor or in the conveyor element is transferred to the fuel before, the pressure chamber by the arrangement of the one which interrupts the unrestricted displacement Valve outside the anchor space from the anchor space or Anchor area is formed separately. This will make the Armature space does not generate heat directly on the pressure chamber transmitted, whereby the heating of the compressed during the injection process Fuel and therefore the risk of blistering is significantly reduced.
- the pressure chamber is also freely accessible and provided directly with a fuel supply line, so that only "fresher” and thus cooler in the pressure chamber Fuel is located.
- the pressure chamber can be used for further cooling be provided with cooling fins, for example.
- the Pressure chamber should be of small volume, so that there is always only one there is little fuel in the pressure chamber and thus the Risk of a high proportion of bubbles is reduced.
- the double or double-sided axial guidance of the armature leads to Reduction of e.g. B. by tilting the armature, the previous were possible, caused friction and thus to reduce Heat development.
- the double-sided axial anchor guide provides not only in Connection with the problems described above. she also performs in other known embodiments of the pump-nozzle systems to simplify the spatial form, to simplify and thus also to make the design more uniform and to simplify it the assembly of the armature or the pump and in particular but also to reduce radial vibrations of the armature, which in the known pump-nozzle systems due to the only one-sided axial guidance and due to unavoidable or required excessive friction reducing play between Anchor jacket and cylinder wall of the pump are possible and the affect the reproducibility of the injection processes.
- the fuel ice spray device according to the invention for internal combustion engines is an electromagnetically driven reciprocating pump 1 trained, which works on the energy storage principle, so that fuel with short pressure surges into the internal combustion engine is injected.
- the reciprocating piston pump 1 has an essentially elongated one cylindrical pump housing 15 with an anchor hole 16, a valve bore 17 and a pressure chamber bore 18, the are introduced one after the other in the pump housing 15 and one extending through the entire pump housing 15 Make passage.
- the armature bore 16 is in the injection direction behind the valve bore 17 and the pressure chamber bore 18 is in Injection direction arranged in front of the valve bore 17.
- the holes 16, 17, 18 are concentric to the longitudinal axis 19 of the pump housing 15 arranged, the anchor hole 16 and the Pressure chamber bore 18 each have a larger inner diameter have as the valve bore 17 so that the armature bore 16th and the valve bore 17 through a first ring stage 21 and Valve bore 17 and the pressure chamber bore 18 through a second Ring stage 22 are separated from each other.
- the armature bore 16 delimits an armature space in the radial direction 23 in which an approximately cylindrical armature 24 in the longitudinal axis direction is arranged to move back and forth.
- the anchor room is in Axial direction forward through the first ring stage 21 and after behind by a front end face 25 of a cylindrical Sealing plug 26 limits that in the ice spray direction backward open end of the anchor hole 16 is screwed.
- the armature 24 is of a substantially cylindrical shape Body with front and rear in the direction of injection End face 28, 29 and a lateral surface 30 formed. From the rear end face 28 to about the longitudinal center of the anchor 24 is removed at the anchor circumference area material, so that the Anchor 24 is a conical surface that extends from the rear to the front 31 has.
- the anchor 24 is with play between its outer surface 30 and the inner surface of the anchor hole 16 used, so that when the armature 24 moves back and forth in the armature bore 16 this only the inner surface of the anchor hole 16 Tilting of the armature 24 touches, causing the friction between the armature 24 and the armature bore 16 is kept low.
- Anchor 24 is at least in the area of its lateral surface 30 one, preferably two or more, running in the longitudinal axis direction Provide grooves 32.
- the anchor 24 has a cross-sectional shape (Fig. 3) with two laterally arranged semicircular elements 24a and with two wide, flat grooves 32 in the area between the semicircular elements 24a. Central to anchor 24 is in A continuous bore 33 is introduced in the longitudinal axis direction.
- a delivery piston tube 35 is in the bore 33 of the armature 24 used, which forms a central passage space 36.
- a plastic ring sits on the front end face 29 of the armature 24 37, which is penetrated by the delivery piston tube 35.
- On the Plastic ring 37 supports an anchor spring 38 to the front, which are up to a corresponding corresponding bearing ring 39 extends. This bearing ring 39 sits on the first Ring step 21 in the anchor hole 16.
- the delivery piston tube 35 is non-positively connected to the armature 24 connected.
- the unit consisting of delivery piston tube 35 and armature 24 is hereinafter referred to as feed piston element 44.
- the delivery piston element 44 can also be formed in one piece or in one piece be.
- a form-fitting guide tube 40 that extends backwards into the anchor space 23 into the area inside the coil spring 38 extends.
- the end of the guide tube 40 is an outwardly protruding one Ring web 41 is provided, which is located on the second ring stage 22nd supported to the rear.
- the ring web 41 extends radially not quite up to the inner surface of the pressure chamber bore 18, so that between the annular web 41 and the pressure chamber bore 18 narrow, cylindrical gap 42 is formed.
- the delivery piston tube non-positively connected to the armature 24 35 extends forward into the guide tube 40 and after in the rear into an axial blind hole 43 of the sealing plug 26 into it, so that the delivery piston tube 35 both at its in the injection direction front end 45 as well as at its rear end 46 is performed.
- This two-sided guide at the ends 45, 46 of the elongated delivery piston tube 35 becomes the delivery piston element 44 guided tilt-free, so that unwanted Friction between the armature 24 and the inner surface of the armature bore 16 can be safely avoided.
- valve body 50 In the front area of the guide tube 40 is axially displaceable a valve body 50 is mounted, which has a substantially cylindrical, elongated, cone-shaped full body with a front and rear end face 51, 52 and a lateral surface 53 forms.
- the outer diameter of the valve body 50 corresponds to the clear width of the passage in the guide tube 40.
- annular web 54 On the lateral surface 53 of the valve body 50 there is an annular web 54 provided at about the end of the front third of the valve body 50 is arranged.
- the ring web 41 of the guide tube 40 forms for the ring web 54 of the valve body 50 in the rest position the valve body 50 an abutment so that it does not continue can be moved backwards.
- the valve body 50 is on its circumference with three longitudinally extending grooves 55 provided (Fig. 4).
- the ring web 54 is in the area of the grooves 55 interrupted.
- the rear end face 52 of the valve body 50 is on hers Edge area is conical and works with the end face of the front end 45 of the delivery piston tube 35 together.
- the spatial shape of the front end 45 of the delivery piston tube 35 is on adapted the rear end face 52 of the valve body 50 in the the inner edge of the delivery piston tube 35 is chamfered and the Wall of the delivery piston tube 35 is slightly worn inside.
- the delivery piston tube 35 thus forms with its front end 45 a valve seat 57 for the valve body 50. Is the valve body 50 with its rear end face 52 on the valve seat 57, so is the passage through in the area of the lateral surface of the valve body 50 introduced grooves 55 blocked.
- the pressure chamber body 60 is inserted with its cylindrical Wall 61 in a form-fitting manner in the pressure chamber bore 18, whereby it with its lying on the free end of the cylinder wall 61 End faces 64 on the outwardly projecting annular web 41 of the Guide tube 40 is arranged abutting, in the pressure chamber body 60 radial through holes 65 are provided, the a connection of the pressure chamber 66 to the fuel supply bore 76 creates.
- the pressure chamber body 60 delimits one with its interior Pressure chamber 66 into which the valve body 50 is immersed and which in pressurize the fuel in the pressure chamber 66 can.
- the pressure chamber has its rear in the injection direction Area that is approximately over half the length of the pressure chamber body 60 stretches, a larger clear width than in the front Area.
- the larger clear width in the rear area is dimensioned so that the valve body 50 with its ring web 54 and can plunge into the pressure chamber 66 with a slight play, whereas the clear width of the front area is so dimensioned is that only for those extending from the ring web 54 forward Area of the valve body 50 and a surrounding area Coil spring 67 is sufficient space.
- This is the Pressure chamber 66 is only slightly larger than that of the Injection operation of the valve body 50 occupied space.
- the coil spring 67 is located at one end on the inside of the end wall 62 of the pressure chamber body 60 and lies with her other End on the valve body 50 and in particular on its ring web 54 so that they the valve body 50 and the pressure chamber body 60th apart.
- the pressure chamber body 60 is forward in the injection direction axially fixed by a connector 70, which in the forward open end of the pressure chamber bore 18 is screwed.
- the connector 70 limits the position of the pressure chamber body 60 in Axial direction to the front, so that by the coil spring 67 of Valve body 50 is biased to the rear. It's on the outside Connector with a mouth 71 for connecting a fuel delivery line 72 (Fig. 1).
- Connector 70 has a bore 73 which is continuous in the longitudinal axis direction, in a standing pressure valve 74 is housed.
- the parking pressure valve is preferably adjacent to the pressure chamber body 60 arranged.
- the pressure chamber body 60 is on its outer surface with a Provided annular groove 68, in which a plastic sealing ring 69 is supported, which the pressure chamber body 60 against the inner surface of the Pressure chamber bore 18 seals.
- the fuel supply valve 78 is a one-way valve formed with a valve housing 79.
- the valve housing 79 has two axially aligned bores 80, 81, the bore 80 on the pump housing side has a larger inner diameter than the bore 81, so that between the two bores an annular step is formed which has a valve seat 82 for a Ball 83 forms.
- the ball 83 is supported by a spring 84 in the area around the fuel supply opening 76 on the pump housing 15 is supported in the bore 80, biased against the valve seat 82, so that the fuel supplied under pressure from the outside Ball 83 lifts from the valve seat 82 so that the fuel through the Bore 80 and the fuel supply opening 76 into the pressure chamber bore 18 is supplied.
- the blind hole or blind bore 43 is in the longitudinal axis direction arranged running and opens into the armature space 23, wherein the blind hole 43 is about two thirds to three quarters of the Length of the plug 26 extends. From the back the blind hole 43 extends one, preferably two or several long holes 88 to the peripheral region 89 of the front Face 25 of the plug 26 so that a communicating Connection between anchor space 23 and the blind hole 43 is made is.
- the bore 90 is the outside through a connecting piece 91 to Connection of a fuel return line 92 (Fig. 1) extended.
- the cylindrical plug 26 has on its outer surface a circumferential, outwardly projecting ring web 93.
- the ring web 93 is used, among other things, for axial fixation a locking ring 94 that surrounds the pump housing 15 on the outside or one arranged directly adjacent to the locking ring 94 Coil housing cylinder 95.
- the locking ring 94 forms in cross-section two at right angles to each other Leg 96, 97, one leg 96 on the outside of the pump housing 15 abuts and the other leg 97 after protrudes from the outside and rests against the bobbin case cylinder.
- the bobbin case cylinder 95 consists of a cylinder wall 98 and from a cylinder base 99, the side of the cylinder wall 98 is tied inwards and has a hole, so that the bobbin case cylinder 95 from behind on the bobbin case 15 with the cylinder base 99 pushed backwards until the cylinder wall 98 on one of the coil housing 15 abuts vertically outwardly projecting housing wall 100 and such an annular chamber 101 with an approximately rectangular cross section Recording a coil 102 limited.
- the coil housing cylinder 95 and the locking ring 94 are thus between the housing wall 100 and the ring web 93 of the sealing plug 26 clamped and fixed in its axial position.
- the leg 96 of the locking ring 94 is on the inner edge of it Chamfered end face, being between the one formed therein Chamfer and the ring web 93 a sealing ring 103, such as. B. an O-ring is jammed.
- the coil 102 is approximately rectangular in cross section and in a support body cylinder 104 with a U-shaped cross section by means of Poured epoxy so that the coil 102 and the support body cylinder 104 form a one-piece coil module.
- the supporting body cylinder 104 has a cylinder wall 105 and two side walls 106, 107, which protrude radially from the cylinder wall 105 and limit the space for coil 102, with the cylinder wall 105 laterally beyond the rear side wall 106 extends so that its end face 108, the end face 109 of the side walls 106, 107 and the inner surfaces of the cylinder wall 106 and the front side wall 107 in a form-fitting manner in of the annular chamber 101.
- a material 110 with low magnetic conductivity e.g. Copper, aluminum, stainless steel, to avoid a magnetic short circuit introduced between the coil 102 and the armature 24.
- FIG. 5 A second embodiment of the injection pump according to the invention is shown in Fig. 5.
- the reciprocating pump 1 according to the second embodiment has essentially the same structure as that described above Reciprocating pump 1, so that parts with the same spatial shape and the same Function are marked with the same reference numerals.
- the reciprocating pump 1 according to the second embodiment is its length is shorter than the reciprocating pump according to the first embodiment, the shortening essentially by using a ball 50a as the valve body is achieved.
- the ring web 41 of the guide tube 40 forms in the rest position for the ball 50a an abutment, so that this cannot be moved further back.
- the ring bridge 41 is with a spherical seat adapted to the spherical shape 41a formed so that the ball 50a positively in some areas abuts the ring web 41.
- the ball 50a has a smooth surface, which is why in the ball seat 41a grooves 41b are introduced, which the pressure chamber 66 the gap between the valve seat 57 of the delivery piston tube 35 and connects the surface of the ball 50a when spaced apart is arranged to the valve seat 57.
- the grooves 41b enable the pressure chamber 66 to be flushed.
- the plug 26a of this embodiment has one central first extending from the front face 25 Bore 120 in which the delivery piston tube 35 is guided and the blind hole 43 of the plug 26 of the first embodiment corresponds.
- the first bore 120 opens into one second bore 121 of the plug 26a.
- the bores 120, 121 are concentric to the longitudinal axis 19 of the pump housing 15 or the plug 26a arranged.
- the second hole 121 extends to the rear end face 122 of the sealing plug 26a and has an internal thread for receiving a connecting piece 91a for connecting a fuel return line 92 provided.
- a cross-flow path is provided for flushing the armature space 23, which has a cross flow bore 125 located between the Bore 81 of the valve housing 79 and the armature chamber 23 extends and connects them together.
- the bore 81 of the valve housing 79 is outside of the fuel supply valve 78, so that the fuel supplied directly without any bottlenecks in the Anchor chamber 23 is passed.
- the fuel flows from the armature space 23 through the holes 88 in the plug 26a in the second bore 121, in which the connecting piece 91a sits, and through the connecting piece 91a into the fuel return line 92.
- the cross flow path thus forms a kind of bypass to the flow path through the passage space 36 of the delivery piston tube 35.
- the cross flow path is advantageous when there is a lot of heat in the armature space 23, since the armature space 23 with cool fuel is flushed, the flushing of the armature space 23 with a high throughput because the cross flow path has no narrow points, such as. Has valve or groove passages that flow would hinder.
- the provision of the cross flow path enables the armature space to be flushed 23 without an additional fuel pump that supplied Puts fuel under a pre-pressure because of the Suction of the reciprocating pump 1 also fuel in the cross flow path is promoted.
- the armature 24 is pressed backward by the spiral spring 38 against the sealing plug 26, against which it rests with its rear end face 49. This is the initial position of the armature 24, in which the delivery piston tube 35 is arranged with its valve seat 57 at a distance s v from the rear end face 52 of the valve body 50.
- the fuel tank 111 is used a fuel pump 112 and a fuel supply line 113 a fuel under pressure through the fuel supply valve 78 fed into the pressure chamber 66.
- the fuel flows through in the jacket area of the valve body 50 grooves 55 introduced through the guide tube 40 in the gap between the valve seat 57 of the delivery piston tube 35 and the rear end face 52 of the valve body and through the passage space 36 of the delivery piston 35 into the Blind hole 43 of the plug 26.
- the fuel under pressure flows through the bores 88 of the sealing plug 26 and floods the anchor space, with the areas of the anchor space in front and behind the anchor 24 by the introduced in the anchor 24 Grooves 32 are communicating with each other, so that the entire anchor space is filled with fuel.
- the fuel is through a Fuel return line 92 back into the fuel tank 111 headed.
- the pre-pressure generated by the fuel pump 112 is greater than the pressure drop occurring in the flow path, so that a continuous flushing of the reciprocating piston pump 1 is ensured, and is less than the passage pressure of the auxiliary pressure valve 74, so that in the starting position of the delivery piston element 44 no Fuel is fed into the combustion chamber 4.
- the armature 24 is moved forward in the impact or injection direction by the magnetic field generated in this way.
- the movement of the armature 24 and the delivery piston tube 35 connected to it in a force-locking manner acts during a forward stroke over the length s v (corresponds to the distance between the valve seat 57 of the delivery piston tube 35 and the rear end face 52 of the valve body 50 in the starting position) only the spring force of the spring 38 opposite.
- the spring force of the spring 38 is so soft that the armature 24 is moved almost without resistance, but is still sufficient for returning the armature 24 to its starting position.
- the armature 24 "floats" in the pressure chamber 23 filled with fuel, the fuel being able to flow back and forth as desired between the regions in front of and behind the armature 24 in the armature space 23, so that no pressure opposing the armature 24 is built up.
- the delivery piston element 44 consisting of armature 24 and the delivery piston tube 35, is thus continuously accelerated and stores kinetic energy.
- the delivery piston element 44 strikes with the Valve seat 57 on the rear face 52 of the valve body 50 on, so that it is suddenly pushed forward. Since the delivery piston tube 35 with its valve seat 57 now on the back end face 52 of the valve body 50 is present the flow path from the pressure chamber to the passage space 36 the delivery piston tube 35 interrupted so that the fuel can no longer escape from the pressure chamber 66 to the rear. The fuel is thus generated by the advance movement of the valve body 50 displaced in the pressure chamber 66, being under pressure is set. The fuel supply valve 78 is now closed, since in the pressure chamber and in the bore 80 of the Fuel supply valve 78 builds up a pressure that is greater than the pressure at which the fuel from the fuel pump is fed.
- the injector 2 injects the fuel directly into the cylinder 5 of the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel through the Nozzle 2 due to the high pressure with the inventive Injector is reached, is atomized.
- the parking pressure valve 74 is a check valve, such Check valves traditionally have a bore in one Have valve seat against which a rigid valve body a spring is pressed.
- the conventional parking pressure valves 74 close the supply line to the fuel delivery line 72 very much quick and safe. This remains in the fuel delivery line 72 a standing pressure, which is often only a little less than the opening pressure of the injector 2.
- the parking pressure valve 74 in the fuel delivery line 72 a certain permanent pressure level of about 5 up to 10 bar to prevent vapor bubbles.
- another object of the invention is a parking pressure valve to prevent accidental intrusion of Excludes fuel in the combustion chamber and in particular also prevents the formation of vapor bubbles.
- the task is carried out by a parking pressure valve with the features of claim 17 solved.
- the supply line becomes the fuel delivery line locked quickly and securely and a standing pressure in the fuel delivery line which causes a level occupies that well below the passage pressure of the injector and above to avoid vapor bubble formation necessary levels.
- the standing pressure valve 74 has a valve body a flat, elastic membrane 200, which against a valve seat device 201 is pressed by a spring 202 (Fig. 6).
- the Membrane 200 In the open position of the standing pressure valve 74, the Parking pressure valve outside or the pressure chamber 66 fuel promoted under high pressure in the direction of the injector 2, the Membrane 200 is lifted off the valve seat 201. It turns out the same pressure on both sides of the membrane 200, so that the pressure present on both flat sides of the membrane 200 Balance is.
- the membrane takes on a flat surface Shape.
- the pressure on the outside of the parking pressure valve decreases, see above the spring 202 presses the diaphragm 200 onto the valve seat 201, wherein the standing pressure valve at a predetermined closing pressure is closed.
- the pressure on the outside of the parking pressure valve decreases further, the diaphragm 200 becomes spring-loaded prevailing pressure to the outside towards the pressure chamber 66 arched so that the located in the fuel delivery line 72 Fuel can expand or spread a little, whereby its pressure level is lowered.
- the Providing the elastic membrane 200 after closing the Stand pressure valve 74 another pressure drop below the closing pressure of the standing pressure valve 74.
- the elasticity of the membrane 200 are balanced so that a unintentional pressure increase in the fuel delivery line 72 thus avoiding unintentional opening of the injector becomes.
- the parking pressure valve 74 is designed so that the Spring 202 acts on the membrane 200 in an area which axially within the support of the diaphragm 200 on the valve seat 201 lies, so that the membrane 200 by the spring action the spring 202 is basically curved on the valve seat 201.
- the membrane 200 can be made of rubber or metal, a rubber membrane expediently with a membrane stiffening metal frame is bordered.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- schematisch die Anordnung einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung bei einem einzylindrigem Zweitaktmotor;
- Fig. 2
- schematisch im Längsschnitt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzpumpe;
- Fig. 3
- im Querschnitt einen Anker der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Einspritzpumpe;
- Fig. 4
- im Querschnitt einen Ventilkörper der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Einspritzpumpe;
- Fig. 5
- schematisch im Längsschnitt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzpumpe.
- Fig. 6
- schematisch im Längsschnitt ein Standdruckventil.
Claims (20)
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung, die nach dem Festkörper-Energiespeicher-Prinzip arbeitet und als Hubkolbenpumpe mit einem Förderkolbenelement (44) ausgebildet ist, das während einer nahezu widerstandslosen Beschleunigungsphase kinetische Energie speichert, die schlagartig auf in einer Druckkammer (66) befindlichen Kraftstoff übertragen wird, so daß ein Druckstoß zum Abspritzen von Kraftstoff durch eine Einspritzdüseneinrichtung erzeugt wird, wobei das die widerstandslose Beschleunigungsphase unterbrechende Mittel ein Ventil ist, das einen Ventilkörper (50) und einen am Förderkolbenelement (44) ausgebildeten Ventilsitz (57) umfaßt und zum Erzeugen des Druckstoßes die Druckkammer (66) schließt, wodurch die kinetische Energie des Förderkolbenelements (44) auf den in der Druckkammer (66) eingeschlossenen Kraftstoff übertragen wird, wobei der Ventilsitz (57) und der Ventilkörper (50) an dem in Einspritzrichtung vorne liegenden Ende (45) des Förderkolbenelements (44) angeordnet sind, so daß die Druckkammer (66) räumlich getrennt vom Förderkolbenelement (44) ausgebildet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Druckkammer (66) mit einer Kraftstoffzufuhr-Öffnung (76) zum Zuführen von Kraftstoff versehen ist, wobei die Kraftstoffzufuhr-Öffnung (76) mit einer Kraftstoff-Zufuhrleitung (113) verbunden ist, so daß der Druckammer (66) frischer, insbesondere unter Druck stehender Kraftstoft zugeführt wird. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Kraftstofzufuhr-Öffnung (76) an einem die Druckkammer (66) umgebenden Pumpengehäuse (15) angeordnet ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung als elektromagnetisch betätigte Hubkolbenpumpe (1) mit einer Magnetspule (102) und dem von der Spule (102) angetriebenen Förderkolbenelement (44) ausgebildet ist, wobei das Förderkolbenelement (44) einen etwa zylinderförmigen Anker (24) und ein langgestrecktes Förderkolbenrohr (35) aufweist, wobei sich die Enden (45, 46) des Förderkolbenrohrs (35) in Längsachsrichtung über den Anker (24) hinaus erstrecken und jeweils formschlüssig und in Längsachsrichtung verschiebbar in Ausnehmungen gelagert sind. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Förderkolbenrohr (35) kraftschlüssig mit dem Anker (24) verbunden ist, wobei am vorderen Ende (45) des Förderkolbenrohrs (35) der Ventilsitz (57) angeordnet ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Ventilkörper (50) ein langgestreckter im wesentlichen zylinderförmiger Vollkörper ist, der in einem Führungsrohr (40) axial verschiebbar gelagert ist, wobei der Ventilkörper (50) an seinem Umfang mit in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Nuten (55) versehen ist, die einen Durchgang von der Druckkammer in einen Durchgangsraum (36) innerhalb des Förderkolbenrohres (35) bilden, wobei der Durchgang versperrt ist, wenn das Förderkolbenrohr (35) mit seinem Ventilsitz (57) am Ventilkörper (50) anliegt, wodurch die Druckkammer (66) geschlossen ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Ventilkörper eine Kugel (50a) ist, wobei ein Kugelsitz (41a) vorgesehen ist, der für die Kugel (50a) ein Widerlager bildet, so daß sie nicht weiter nach hinten verschoben werden kann, und der Kugelsitz (41a) mindestens eine Nut (41b) aufweist, die einen Durchgang von einer der Druckkammern (66) in einen Durchgangsraum (36) innerhalb des Förderkolbenrohres (35) bildet, wobei der Durchgang versperrt ist, wenn der Ventilsitz (57) am Ventilkörper (50) anliegt, wodurch die Druckkammer (66) geschlossen ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der etwa zylinderförmige Anker (24) eine in Einspritzrichtung vordere und hintere Stirnfläche (28, 29) und eine Mantelfläche (30) aufweist, und eine von der hinteren Stirnfläche (28) bis etwa zur Längsmitte des Ankers (24) von hinten nach vorne außen verlaufende Kegelfläche (31) aufweist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Hubkolbenpumpe (1) ein Pumpengehäuse (15) mit einer Ankerbohrung (16) aufweist, in der ein Ankerraum (23) durch die Ankerbohrung (16), in Einspritzrichtung nach hinten durch einen Verschlußstopfen (26, 26a) und in Einspritzrichtung nach vorne durch eine erste Ringstufe (21) begrenzt ist, in dem der Anker (24) durch eine Magnetspule (102) und eine in Längsachsrichtung den Anker (24) beaufschlagende Feder (38) hin- und herbewegt wird, wobei der Anker (24) an seinem Mantelbereich mit mindestens zwei möglichst in symmetrischer Verteilung am Umfang in Längsachsrichtung verlaufenden Nuten (32) ausgebildet ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Anker (24) einen Ausgangszustand durch die Federwirkung der Feder (38) einnimmt, wenn die Spule (102) stromlos geschaltet ist, und in diesem Ausgangszustand von der Druckkammer (66) durch die Nuten (55) des Ventilkörpers (50) und dem Durchgangsraum (36) des Förderkolbenrohrs (35) und durch ein Sackloch (43) bzw. eine oder mehrere Bohrungen (88) im Verschlußstopfen (26) ein durchgehender Strömungsweg für zugeführten insbesondere unter Druck stehenden Kraftstoff ausgebildet ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Ankerraum (23) über eine nach außen führende Bohrung (90) und einen Anschlußstutzen (91) mit einer Kraftstoff-Rücklaufleitung (92) verbunden ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder Anspruch 8 und Anspruch 9 und/oder 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Verschlußstopfen (26a) mit einer durchgehenden Bohrung versehen ist, mit der Kraftstoff aus der Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung in die Kraftstoff-Rücklaufleitung (92) abgeführt wird. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine Querstrombohrung (125) vorgesehen ist, durch die Kraftstoff direkt dem Ankerraum (23) zugeführt werden kann, und der Verschlußstopfen (26a) Bohrungen (88) aufweist, die den Ankerraum (23) mit der durchgehenden Bohrung des Verschlußstopfens (26a) verbinden, so daß ein Querstromweg zum Spülen des Ankerraums (23) gebildet wird, der unabhängig von einem Durchgangsraum (36) im Förderkolbenelement (44) ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder Anspruch 2 und einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Druckkammer (66) durch ein Standdruckventil (74) begrenzt ist, das sich ab einem vorbestimmten Druck öffnet und den Durchgang in eine Kraftstofförderleitung (72) zu einer Einspritzdüse (2) freimacht. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Druckkammer (66) nur geringfügig größer als der von der beim Einspritzvorgang ausgeführten Stoßbewegung des Ventilkörpers (50) beanspruchse Raum ist. - Verwendung einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 14, die nach dem Festkörper-Energiespeicher-Prinzip arbeitet, um Kraftstof in eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine einzuspritzen.
- Kraftstoff-Einsprichtzvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
gekennzeichnet durch ein Standdruckventil mit einem Ventilkörper, der von einer Feder (202) im geschlossenen Zustand des Standdruckventils gegen einen Ventilsitz (201) elastisch beaufschlagt wird, wobei der Ventilkörper eine elastische Membran (200) ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Membran (200) die Form einer Scheibe aufweist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
und/oder 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Membran (200) aus einem Metallplättchen besteht. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16 und/oder 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Membran (200) aus einer Gummischeibe besteht, die von einem Metallrahmen eingefaßt ist. - Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach eiem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 16 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Feder (202) die Membran (200) in einem Bereich beaufschlagt, der axial innerhalb des Ventilsitzes (201) angeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1995115782 DE19515782A1 (de) | 1995-04-28 | 1995-04-28 | Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19515782 | 1995-04-28 | ||
PCT/EP1996/001715 WO1996034196A1 (de) | 1995-04-28 | 1996-04-24 | Kraftstoff-einspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0823019A1 EP0823019A1 (de) | 1998-02-11 |
EP0823019B1 true EP0823019B1 (de) | 1999-08-11 |
Family
ID=7760680
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96912036A Expired - Lifetime EP0823019B1 (de) | 1995-04-28 | 1996-04-24 | Kraftstoff-einspritzvorrichtung für brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6401696B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0823019B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3025309B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100326625B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE183285T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU692097B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2218695C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19515782A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2136402T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996034196A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5779454A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1998-07-14 | Ficht Gmbh & Co. Kg | Combined pressure surge fuel pump and nozzle assembly |
DE19527550A1 (de) * | 1995-07-27 | 1997-01-30 | Ficht Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern des Zündzeitpunktes bei Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19844163C1 (de) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-01-05 | Ficht Gmbh & Co Kg | Pumpverfahren und Pumpvorrichtung |
DE19860573A1 (de) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-07-06 | Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co | Brennstoffdosierpumpe für ein Heizgerät, insbesondere für einen Zuheizer oder eine Standheizung eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
DE19937988A1 (de) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-15 | Ficht Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung zum Fördern und/oder Abspritzen von fliessfähigen Medien, insbesondere von Fluiden |
GB0005744D0 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-05-03 | Federal Mogul Ignition Uk Ltd | Fuel injector |
US6966760B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2005-11-22 | Brp Us Inc. | Reciprocating fluid pump employing reversing polarity motor |
WO2002012708A1 (fr) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-14 | Mikuni Corporation | Injecteur de carburant a commande electronique |
JP4431268B2 (ja) | 2000-11-17 | 2010-03-10 | 株式会社ミクニ | 電子制御燃料噴射装置 |
CN1133810C (zh) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-01-07 | 郗大光 | 电动燃油喷射装置 |
JP4416182B2 (ja) | 2001-07-30 | 2010-02-17 | 株式会社ミクニ | 内燃機関の燃料供給系におけるベーパ除去装置 |
CN100439700C (zh) * | 2004-12-08 | 2008-12-03 | 浙江飞亚电子有限公司 | 一种集成式供油单元 |
AU2006210785C1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2009-12-17 | Brp Us Inc. | Method of controlling a pumping assembly |
US20060186230A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Adams Joseph S | Gaseous Fuel Injector for Linear Motor |
DE102006003484A1 (de) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff |
US8783229B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2014-07-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Internal combustion engine, combustion charge formation system, and method |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE20133C (de) | 1900-01-01 | TH. COATES in Carlisle, Cumberland, England | Neuerung an Dütenmaschinen | |
DD20133A (de) * | ||||
DE213472C (de) * | ||||
US3348489A (en) * | 1965-01-21 | 1967-10-24 | Meyer Ernst | Induction pump |
DE1917486C3 (de) * | 1969-04-05 | 1974-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE2809122A1 (de) * | 1978-03-03 | 1979-09-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzvorrichtung fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
DD213472B5 (de) * | 1983-02-04 | 1999-12-30 | Ficht Gmbh | Pumpe-Duese-System fuer Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE3504789A1 (de) * | 1985-02-13 | 1986-08-14 | Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting | Elektromagnetisch betaetigte kolbenpumpe |
JPH0199981U (de) * | 1987-12-25 | 1989-07-05 | ||
DE4106015A1 (de) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-08-27 | Ficht Gmbh | Druckstoss-kraftstoffeinspritzung fuer verbrennungsmotoren |
DE4130166C1 (de) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-11 | Lang Apparatebau Gmbh, 8227 Siegsdorf, De | |
DE4206817C2 (de) * | 1991-10-07 | 1994-02-24 | Ficht Gmbh | Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung nach dem Festkörper-Energiespeicher-Prinzip für Brennkraftmaschinen |
WO1993018296A1 (de) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-16 | Ficht Gmbh | Kraftstoff-einspritzvorrichtung nach dem festkörper-energiespeicher-prinzip für brennkraftmaschinen |
US5351893A (en) * | 1993-05-26 | 1994-10-04 | Young Niels O | Electromagnetic fuel injector linear motor and pump |
US5630401A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1997-05-20 | Outboard Marine Corporation | Combined fuel injection pump and nozzle |
US5779454A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1998-07-14 | Ficht Gmbh & Co. Kg | Combined pressure surge fuel pump and nozzle assembly |
-
1995
- 1995-04-28 DE DE1995115782 patent/DE19515782A1/de active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-04-24 AU AU55021/96A patent/AU692097B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-04-24 ES ES96912036T patent/ES2136402T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-24 US US08/945,976 patent/US6401696B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-24 AT AT96912036T patent/ATE183285T1/de active
- 1996-04-24 WO PCT/EP1996/001715 patent/WO1996034196A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-04-24 DE DE59602722T patent/DE59602722D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-24 CA CA002218695A patent/CA2218695C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-24 EP EP96912036A patent/EP0823019B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-24 JP JP8532166A patent/JP3025309B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-24 KR KR1019970707614A patent/KR100326625B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996034196A1 (de) | 1996-10-31 |
JP3025309B2 (ja) | 2000-03-27 |
EP0823019A1 (de) | 1998-02-11 |
ES2136402T3 (es) | 1999-11-16 |
AU5502196A (en) | 1996-11-18 |
JPH11500513A (ja) | 1999-01-12 |
CA2218695C (en) | 2002-04-09 |
US6401696B1 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
DE59602722D1 (de) | 1999-09-16 |
ATE183285T1 (de) | 1999-08-15 |
DE19515782A1 (de) | 1996-10-31 |
KR19990008090A (ko) | 1999-01-25 |
CA2218695A1 (en) | 1996-10-31 |
AU692097B2 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
KR100326625B1 (ko) | 2002-05-10 |
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