EP0811444B1 - Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Wanddicke von Metallrohren - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Wanddicke von Metallrohren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0811444B1
EP0811444B1 EP19970109237 EP97109237A EP0811444B1 EP 0811444 B1 EP0811444 B1 EP 0811444B1 EP 19970109237 EP19970109237 EP 19970109237 EP 97109237 A EP97109237 A EP 97109237A EP 0811444 B1 EP0811444 B1 EP 0811444B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal pipe
pipe
punch
expanded
degrees
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970109237
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0811444A1 (de
Inventor
Tohru Irie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sango Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sango Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sango Co Ltd filed Critical Sango Co Ltd
Publication of EP0811444A1 publication Critical patent/EP0811444A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/12—Shaping end portions of hollow articles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a processing method of metal pipes and in particular to a method of bringing metal pipes into a thick-walled structure.
  • a base or starting metal pipe used therefor has in some cases been subjected to increased thickness at its joint portion which is required to be mechanically strong, but with the remaining portion left intact in its original wall thickness.
  • the finished pipe allows weight savings as a whole.
  • a method of wall-thickening a metal pipe as noted above has heretofore been known in which a starting metal pipe is partially heated and axially compressed into a thick-walled structure.
  • the processing apparatus including the heating unit and the like is bulky and complicated, and what is worse, a uniform wall thickness is difficult to attain.
  • JP-A-07-214148 a certain method of processing a metal pipe into a thick-walled structure has been proposed as disclosed in JP-A-07-214148.
  • This method is constituted with a first step in which a starting metal pipe is caused to be inserted at its one or front end portion into a contracting die with a forced load applied to another or rear end portion, thereby reducing the front end portion in its diametral size, and the resultant front end portion is further contracted by application of a force that is smaller than and opposite to the above forced load, and a second step in which the pipe obtained in the first step is inserted into an outer die which binds the pipe to the outer diameter of the starting pipe and a mandrel is inserted into the front end portion contracted in the first step with an axial force applied out of the latter so that the outer diameter of the front end portion is expanded up to that of the starting metal pipe.
  • the first or metal pipe-contracting step requires a die for contracting a starting metal pipe, a mandrel used to forcibly put the pipe into the contracting die, and a die located to press the pipe on a side opposed to that put by the mandrel, while the second or metal pipe-expanding step requires, in addition to a mandrel used to expand the pipe, an outer die for binding the expanded diameter of the pipe to that of the starting metal pipe.
  • the present invention in a principal object provides a method of bringing a metal pipe into a thick-walled structure which is capable of cold processing with utmost ease and moreover is conducive to savings of the equipment investment and the production cost to a conspicuously great extent.
  • the present invention lies in the provision of a method according to claim 1.
  • the tapered portion of the punch used in the first inserting step is set to have an angle in a range from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
  • a starting metal pipe is diametrically expanded by means of the tapered punch in the first inserting step, and to this end, the punch has a given angle of tapering, say between 30 degrees and 60 degrees.
  • a metal material present in the expanded region of the starting metal pipe is apt to be axially pressed into a state of increased thickness at that region.
  • the resultant expanded region of increased thickness is inserted into a contracting die with the result that such region is contracted at a given diameter such as for example a diameter made to be identical to or substantially identical to that of the starting metal pipe.
  • a processed metal pipe can be attained which has a region in a desired range of wall thicknesses and of a desired outer diameter such as for example an outer diameter rendered equal to or virtually equal to that of the starting metal pipe.
  • FIG. 1A through FIG. 1D represent one preferred embodiment of process steps according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1A being a side-elevational cross-sectional view of a starting metal pipe prior to processing
  • FIG. 1B being a side-elevational cross-sectional view of the pipe after being expanded
  • FIG. 1C being a side-elevational cross-sectional view of the pipe prior to contraction of its expanded region
  • FIG. 1D being a side-elevational cross-sectional view of the pipe after being contracted in regard to its expanded region.
  • FIG. 2A through FIG. 2D represent, as side-elevational views, another embodiment of the invention in which the first and second stages are divided, respectively, into a plurality of process steps, a starting metal pipe being subjected to expansion in a plurality of expanding steps as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the resultant expanded region being exposed to contraction in a plurality of contracting steps as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D.
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D illustrate a method of processing a metal pipe into a thick-walled structure according to the invention.
  • a starting metal pipe 1 is shown for ready processing and disposed in a vertical posture with one or rear end region 1a retained in a clamp 2.
  • the rear end region 1a is not intended to be processed for increased thickness.
  • the end-to-end distance L 1 between the other or front end region 1b and an upper end of the clamp 2 is set such that the metal pipe 1 is protected against buckling during processing for increased thickness.
  • the front end region 1b is intended to be processed for wall thickening.
  • Designated at 3 is a punch provided to expand and thicken the front end region 1b, and the axis of the punch 3 is positioned in alignment with that of the metal pipe 1 and made vertically movable.
  • the punch 3 includes an expanding die 3a having a larger diameter than the inner diameter of the metal pipe 1, a tip or lower end 3b having a diameter smaller than that of the die 3a and disposed for pressing fit to the metal pipe 1, and a tapered portion 3c interposed integrally between the die 3a and the tip end 3b.
  • the tapered portion 3c is defined to have a specific tapering angle ⁇ 1 , i.e., a specific angle opened with respect to the axis of the die 3a, the angle being set at a selected one in a range from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
  • This specified range of angles L 1 is attributable to the fact that adequate pipe expansion and wall thickening are feasible only at 30 degrees or more, and larger angles than 60 degrees are frequently responsible for axially deformed or otherwise buckled metal pipe during forcible insertion of the die 3a into the metal pipe 1.
  • the punch 3 is disposed to be reciprocably, namely vertically movable relative to the metal pipe 1 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 4 located above that punch.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 4 is manipulated to descend the punch 3 which is then forced to be inserted into the front end region 1b of the metal pipe 1 so that the front end region 1b is simultaneously expanded and thickened as seen in FIG. 1B. This is taken as a first stage in the method of the present invention.
  • the metal pipe 1 When expanded by forcible insertion of the punch 3, the metal pipe 1 is generally rendered to be of reduced thickness as it is exposed to circumferential tensile loading.
  • the tapered portion of the punch 3 is set to have a tapering angle ⁇ 1 in a range from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, axial compression loading is applied to the metal pipe 1 with the consequence that the front end region 1b of the metal pipe 1 is prevented from becoming reduced in wall thickness and conversely is rendered thick.
  • the metal pipe can be expanded to a predetermined extent based on the above formula.
  • a front end region expanded and thickened in the first stage is referred to as 1c as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • the length L 2 of the front end region thus expanded and thickened may be determined as desired by adjusting the amount of the punch 3 forcibly inserted into the metal pipe 1.
  • an expanded front end region 1c of a thickened metal pipe 1d as obtained in the first stage is constricted at an outer diameter made identical to or substantially identical to that of the starting pipe portion 1a.
  • a metal pipe thickened in the first stage is designated at 1d, and the starting pipe portion 1a is vertically disposed with one or rear end region held in a clamp 2 as above described.
  • Reference numeral 5 denotes a contracting die provided therein with a vertically extending opening 5a having an inner diameter made identical to or substantially identical to the outer diameter of the starting pipe portion 1a. The opening 5a is in alignment with the thickened metal pipe 1d.
  • a downwardly diverged tapered portion 5b is disposed to be integral therewith.
  • the tapering angle ⁇ 2 of the tapered portion 5b i.e., an angle directed to the axis of the opening 5a, is set to be gentle at below 30 degrees.
  • a lower end portion 5c of the opening 5a has an aperture defined with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the expanded front end region 1c of the thickened metal pipe 1d.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 6 is manipulated to downwardly move the contracting die 5 with the metal pipe 1d retained as shown in FIG. 1D.
  • the front end region 1c held in expanded and thickened condition is forced into the opening 5a through the tapered portion 5b, as seen in FIG. 1D.
  • the thickened and expanded portion 1c is then caused to enter the opening 5a while it is being drawn in its outer diameter at the tapered portion 5b.
  • the contraction diameter of the expanded front end region 1c is decided based on the inner diameter of the opening 5a.
  • the expanded front end region 1c invites no rise nor decline in wall thickness and is contracted, merely becoming equal to or substantially equal to the outer diameter of the metal pipe 1a.
  • the tapering angle ⁇ 2 of the tapered portion 5b of the contracting die 5 be set at from about 15 to 20 degrees to render the front end region 1c smoothly contractive. Similar reasoning is applied as such to the case where a plurality of contraction steps are employed as described later. Also in each of these steps, a tapering angle of 15 to 20 degrees is preferable.
  • a metal pipe which has a uniform outer diameter throughout the entire length and includes a thickened region 1c' over a given length as shown in FIG. 1D.
  • the embodiment mentioned above is designed to complete expansion and contraction of a starting metal pipe by a single stage, respectively.
  • the first and second stages each can be divided into a plurality of process steps so that expansion and thickening are successively carried out in the first stage, and contraction is successively conducted in the second stage.
  • the metal pipe after being subjected to a series of processing steps for wall thickening as stated above may be repeatedly processed with use of the same set of the punch and the contracting die with the result that a thick-walled shape is obtained with improved reliability.
  • a metal pipe can be further annealed in conventional manner upon completion of a first processing for increased thickness, followed by removal of work hardening from the resultant pipe and by subsequent repetition of the same mode of wall thickening at the same region. This contributes greatly to further improvement in reliability.
  • a stainless steel pipe shows a ratio of increased thickness of 15% and that in the case of a second processing for wall thickening after annealing, a ratio of increased thickness as high as 30% can be attained.
  • the metal pipe when the metal pipe is subjected to the second processing into a thick-walled structure before the annealed metal pipe is cooled, the metal pipe is processed under warm working or hot working, which can achieve the second processing of the metal pipe into a thick-walled structure more effectively.
  • the starting metal pipe 1 or the expanded metal pipe 1d is so illustrated that it is processed in a vertical arrangement.
  • the pipe 1 or the pipe 1d may be placed in a lateral formation with the punch 3 and the contracting die 5 disposed to be laterally reciprocable.
  • the method of the present invention is suitably useful not only for exhaust pipes of automotive vehicles but also for various conduits and pipes as structural parts.
  • the method according to the present invention enables production of a metal pipe which has a thick-walled region formed at a desired length, the thick-walled region having an outer diameter made identical to or substantially identical to the outer diameter of the remaining portion.
  • Such method can be practiced by cold working with resort to simple combination of an expanding punch and a contracting die and with freedom from a mandrel, a pressing die and an outer die, all being required in the prior art previously discussed. This is conducive to easy production and great saving in equipment investment and production cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Metallröhren (1) zu einer dickwandigen Form, mit den Schritten:
    Einführen eines Stempels (3), der mit einem kegelförmigen Abschnitt (3c) ausgebildet ist, der zwischen einer aufweitenden Form (3a) und einem vorderen Ende (3b) einstückig enthalten ist, in ein Ausgangsmetallrohr in einem oder in beide Enden davon, wobei die aufweitende Form (3a) einen größeren Durchmesser als der Innendurchmesser der Röhren (1) hat, wodurch ein diametral ausgeweiteter Bereich daran ausgebildet wird; und
    Einführen des aufgeweiteten Bereichs der Röhre in eine verengende Form (5), die mit einem kegelförmigen Abschnitt (5b) ausgebildet ist, wodurch der aufgeweitete Bereich bei einem vorgegebenen Außendurchmesser verengt wird.
  2. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, wobei der kegelförmige Abschnitt (3c) des Stempels (3), der in dem ersten Einführschritt verwendet worden ist, auf einen Winkel in einem Bereich von 30 bis 60 Grad eingestellt wird.
  3. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 2, wobei der kegelförmige Abschnitt (3c) des Stempels (3), der in dem ersten, einführenden Schritt verwendet worden ist, auf einem Winkel von 40 bis 50 Grad eingestellt wird.
  4. Verfahren gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der erste einführende Schritt ferner wiederholend ausgeführt wird, um die Ausgangsmetallröhre nachfolgend aufzuweiten und zu verdicken, und wobei der zweite einführende Schritt weiter wiederholend durchgeführt wird, um das aufgeweitete, verdickte Rohr einzuengen.
EP19970109237 1996-06-07 1997-06-06 Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Wanddicke von Metallrohren Expired - Lifetime EP0811444B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14531696 1996-06-07
JP145316/96 1996-06-07
JP8145316A JP2776796B2 (ja) 1996-06-07 1996-06-07 金属管の増肉加工方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0811444A1 EP0811444A1 (de) 1997-12-10
EP0811444B1 true EP0811444B1 (de) 2002-02-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970109237 Expired - Lifetime EP0811444B1 (de) 1996-06-07 1997-06-06 Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Wanddicke von Metallrohren

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EP (1) EP0811444B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2776796B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69710640T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1567293B1 (de) * 2002-11-27 2006-08-16 KOMET GROUP Holding GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung von bohrwerkzeugen
NL1025750C2 (nl) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-20 Machf Van De Weert Helmond B V Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vergroten van de wanddikte van het uiteinde van een dunwandige buis.
WO2005102555A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-03 Tube Investments Of India Limited A method of producing thin walled metal tubes with thickened ends
CN102563220A (zh) * 2010-12-16 2012-07-11 株式会社新三兴钢管 配管用螺纹钢管
CN102705043B (zh) * 2012-06-05 2014-12-10 徐州重型机械有限公司 一种起重机及其排气系统的消声器
CN103084842B (zh) * 2013-01-22 2015-03-25 黄伟明 一种金属管材两端成型机构
KR101563708B1 (ko) * 2014-09-30 2015-10-27 우신공업 주식회사 자동차용 필터파이프의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 자동차용 필터파이프
JP6492727B2 (ja) * 2015-02-13 2019-04-03 新日鐵住金株式会社 増肉鋼管の製造方法
CN104741466B (zh) * 2015-04-07 2017-04-12 江苏仓环铜业股份有限公司 一种金属管喇叭口的加工设备
WO2017039366A1 (ko) * 2015-09-02 2017-03-09 정구왕 파이프 확관 펀치
JP6256668B1 (ja) 2016-03-11 2018-01-10 新日鐵住金株式会社 差厚鋼管の製造方法および差厚鋼管
CN107790551B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2019-08-02 浙江摩多巴克斯科技股份有限公司 一种管件压扁扩口工具
CN108453204A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-08-28 天津市维丹科技有限责任公司 一种用于金属管材端部加粗的辅助装置
CN114515811B (zh) * 2022-03-18 2024-01-26 湘潭大学 一种不等厚中空零件板锻造成形方法及模具

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1472178A (fr) * 1966-01-22 1967-03-10 Alsacienne Constr Meca Procédé et dispositif pour la formation d'un renflement intérieur dans une extrémité d'un tube cylindrique de métal, et tubes obtenus
DE2812803C2 (de) * 1978-03-23 1982-11-18 Laeis-Werke Ag, 5500 Trier Vorrichtung zum Anstauchen von Rohrenden, insbesondere für Bohrgestängerohre mit Vorschweißverbindern
JPS63149038A (ja) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-21 Nippon Steel Corp 外アツプセツト・プレスによる鋼管端部の加工方法
JP2719495B2 (ja) * 1994-02-03 1998-02-25 株式会社三五 金属管の増肉加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69710640D1 (de) 2002-04-04
DE69710640T2 (de) 2002-08-08
JP2776796B2 (ja) 1998-07-16
EP0811444A1 (de) 1997-12-10
JPH09327723A (ja) 1997-12-22

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