EP0806031A1 - Generateur d'ultrasons - Google Patents

Generateur d'ultrasons

Info

Publication number
EP0806031A1
EP0806031A1 EP96900234A EP96900234A EP0806031A1 EP 0806031 A1 EP0806031 A1 EP 0806031A1 EP 96900234 A EP96900234 A EP 96900234A EP 96900234 A EP96900234 A EP 96900234A EP 0806031 A1 EP0806031 A1 EP 0806031A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
generator
ultrasonic
ultrasound
transducer
oscillating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96900234A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Peter Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KKS Keller HP
Original Assignee
KKS Keller HP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KKS Keller HP filed Critical KKS Keller HP
Publication of EP0806031A1 publication Critical patent/EP0806031A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasound generator or generator according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Ultrasound is mainly used to clean difficult-to-access surfaces of complicated shaped objects. Furthermore, ultrasonic cleaning can also be used if a very high degree of purity is to be generated or if cleaning with other methods is associated with health risks for the staff.
  • Typical examples of objects that are often cleaned with ultrasound are parts of precision mechanics and precision engineering, medical instruments, optical lenses, glass vessels, dentures, jewelry, etc.
  • the cleaning is carried out by immersing the object to be cleaned in an ultrasonically excited liquid bath.
  • An ultrasonic cleaning system consists of a trough which is filled with cleaning liquid, an ultrasonic transmitter and an electrical generator for feeding the ultrasonic transmitter. Frequencies between 20 and 40 kHz are usually used for the operation of ultrasonic cleaning systems.
  • the sound waves are not transmitted directly from the ultrasound transducer, but through a transmission element to the cleaning liquid.
  • the transmission element is often plate-shaped.
  • An ultrasonic transducer with a plate-shaped transmission element is also called a surface oscillator.
  • the ultrasonic waves run at right angles to the plate surface.
  • 10 to 20 individual transducers are attached to the plate-shaped transmission element in a regularly distributed manner.
  • the area transducers are attached to the floor or to the walls of the tub.
  • Such surface oscillators are described, for example, by the published documents DT 26 05 898 (date of disclosure August 26, 1976), DE 31 14 657 (date of disclosure January 7, 1982) and DE 41 15 096 (date of disclosure November 12, 1992).
  • Such immersion transducers can be plate-shaped, for example. They have numerous individual converters built into a tight-fitting, flat housing. The sound is conducted out through one of the two flat sides of the housing. Plate-shaped submersible transducers have the same disadvantages as surface transducers.
  • Rod-shaped and tubular immersible transducers are also available on the market.
  • the ultrasonic transducer is usually on the front side here a rod-shaped or tubular transmission element.
  • Rod-shaped immersible transducers are described, for example, in the patent documents DE 41 36 897 (publication day 3.9.1992), EP 0 455 837 (publication day 13.5.1992), EP 0 044 800 (publication day 29.1.1986) and in the publication DE 35 34 898 (disclosure date April 9, 1987).
  • the patent EP 0 455 837 proposes to arrange an ultrasonic transducer on both end faces of the rod-shaped or tubular transmission element.
  • Rod-shaped and tubular immersion transducers are usually suspended in the cleaning liquid next to a tub wall or at a tub corner. They emit ultrasonic waves all around. The result of this is that a large part of the ultrasonic waves hit a tub wall first. The sound waves only reach the object after reflection on the tub wall, which must be cleaned. With this reflection, part of the energy of the ultrasonic waves is absorbed and is no longer available for ultrasonic cleaning. The efficiency of such rod and tubular immersible transducers is correspondingly low.
  • the invention now has the task of an ultrasound to create encoder or generator with one-sided radiation, which has a wide angle of propagation.
  • the object is achieved with the aid of the features according to the invention according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • a first embodiment of the proposed ultrasound transmitter has a transmission element with a circular cross section.
  • the transmission element is also referred to below as an oscillating head.
  • the end face of the oscillating head which is facing the cleaning liquid, is convexly curved. Because of the refraction behavior of ultrasound waves, this shape causes an increase in the angle of propagation of the ultrasound waves.
  • the convex face can have a smooth and steady surface or a stepped surface.
  • the stepped surface serves to reduce the reflection at the boundary layer between the oscillating head and the cleaning liquid.
  • the second face of the oscillating head is flat.
  • the oscillating head has a cylindrical recess on the second end face. A piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is inserted into this recess. A cylindrical counterpart can also be screwed into the recess for fixing the ultrasound transducer.
  • the proposed ultrasound transmitter is attached to the floor or to a side of a tub.
  • a second type of embodiment of the proposed ultrasound transmitter comprises a plurality of needle-like transmission elements which are arranged parallel to one another.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a front view of an oscillating head of an ultrasound transmitter of the first embodiment with a stepped convex end face;
  • FIG. 1b shows a section through an oscillating head according to FIG. 1a, an ultrasonic transducer and a cylindrical counterpart;
  • FIG. 1 c shows a rear view of a counterpart according to FIG. 1 a; 2a shows a section AA through an ultrasound transmitter with an oscillating head according to FIG. 2b shows a rear view of an ultrasound transmitter according to
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of an ultrasound transmitter according to FIG. 2a
  • FIG. 4a shows a front view of an oscillating head of an ultrasound transducer of the first embodiment with a smooth and continuous convex end face
  • FIG. 4b shows a section through an oscillating head according to FIG. 4a, an ultrasonic transducer and a counterpart;
  • FIG. 4c shows a rear view of a counterpart according to FIG. 4b;
  • 5a shows a section B-B through an ultrasound transmitter with an oscillating head according to FIG. 4a; 5b shows a rear view of an ultrasound transmitter according to FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective illustration of an ultrasound transmitter according to FIG. 5a
  • FIG. 7a shows a cross section through a trough with kinked side walls, on the bottom of which a proposed ultrasound transmitter is arranged
  • FIG. 7b shows a cross section through a wall with curved side walls, on the bottom of which a proposed ultrasound transmitter is arranged
  • FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through an elongated trough which is equipped with three ultrasound sensors arranged on a line;
  • Fig. 9 shows a cross section through a tub with kinks
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section through a trough with straight side walls, each of which carries a proposed ultrasound transmitter on two opposite side walls;
  • FIG. 11a shows a longitudinal section through an ultrasound transmitter of the second embodiment and FIG. 11b shows a cross section C-C through an ultrasound transmitter according to FIG. 11a.
  • the propagation of the ultrasound is similar to that of light waves e.g. with the appearance of absorption, reflection, diffraction and refraction. Thanks to the refractive behavior, ultrasonic waves such as light waves can be focused with the help of lenses (converging lenses) or scattered (scattered lenses).
  • the upper end face 3 of the oscillating head 2 in the drawings, which faces the cleaning liquid 13, is convexly curved (cf. FIGS. 7a to 8).
  • the upper section 4 of the oscillating head 2 thus has an essentially circular segment-shaped cross section (cf. FIGS. 1b and 4b). It therefore acts as a scattering lens, which increases the angle of propagation of the ultrasonic waves.
  • the flange 6 is provided with a plurality of non-continuous threaded bores 7, which are regularly distributed over the circumference of the flange 6.
  • the interior 8 of the lower oscillating head section 5 accommodates a piezoelectric ultrasound transducer 9.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 9 is plate-shaped and circular. In the exemplary embodiments, it has a piezoelectric element 18, which consists of two round, ring-shaped half-plates. In this ultrasonic transducer 9, a ceramic material is preferably used as the piezoelectric material.
  • a circular contact disk 19 is located between the two half-plates.
  • a likewise circular coupling disk 20 is arranged on each of the two flat sides of the piezoelectric element 18.
  • the piezoelectric element 18, the contact disk 19 and the coupling disks 20 are arranged concentrically and all have the same diameter.
  • This insulation ring 21 lies with its curved inside against the curved, outer narrow sides of the piezoelectric element 18, the contact disk 19 and the coupling disk 20.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 9 is fixed in the interior 8 of the lower oscillating head section 5 with the aid of a cylindrical counterpart 10.
  • the counterpart 10 has the same diameter as the interior 8. It is provided with a thread 11 on its curved narrow side.
  • the lower oscillating head section 5 has a matching thread 11 on its inside, so that the counterpart 10 can be screwed into the interior 8 of the lower oscillating head section 5.
  • the counterpart 10 On its outer end face, the counterpart 10 has four non-continuous cylindrical bores 12.
  • the bolts of a lever-like tool which serves to tighten the counterpart 10 can be inserted into these bores 12.
  • the counterpart 10 must be well tightened so that the ultrasonic transducer 9 has no play. Movements of the ultrasound transducer 9 would lead to noise generation and would also cause the ultrasound transducer 9 to wear out rapidly.
  • the convex end face 3 is smooth and continuous. This shape of the convex end face 3 has the disadvantage that when the sound waves strike the interface between the convex end face 3 and the cleaning liquid 13, some of the sound waves is inflected. This reduces the efficiency of the ultrasound transmitter 1.
  • the oscillating head 2 In the second embodiment of the oscillating head 2 (cf. FIGS. 1 a to 3) an attempt is made to prevent this reflection or at least to reduce it by giving the upper oscillating head section 4 a stepped profile.
  • the step profile is designed such that the thickness of each ring defined by a step 22 corresponds to an integral multiple of half the longitudinal wavelength in the oscillating head material. A plate or layer of this thickness is completely permeable to sound. So there is no reflection.
  • an upper oscillating head section 4 with a step profile corresponds to a "resonance lens" and is therefore only suitable for ultrasonic waves with a low frequency bandwidth.
  • the first type of training of the oscillating head 2 is more suitable.
  • the ultrasound transmitter of the second type of embodiment has a large number of needle-like transmission elements 23 which run parallel to one another (cf. FIGS. 11a and 11b). These transmission elements 23 can be hollow or solid. In the embodiment which is shown in the drawings, they have a round cross section. Furthermore, they are arranged in the longitudinal direction without being offset from one another.
  • the transmission elements 23 are fixed at one end with the aid of a holding plate 24 and a pressure plate 25. Both the holding plate 24 and the pressure plate 25 are circular in the exemplary embodiment and have the same diameter.
  • the holding plate 24 is provided with a multiplicity of continuous bores 26, which are preferably arranged at regular intervals. The number of bores 26 corresponds to the number of transmission elements 23.
  • the transmission elements 23 have a conical base 27. An end portion 28 of each bore 26 is also conical. It corresponds in shape and size to the conical foot 27 of a transmission element 23.
  • Each transmission element 23 is inserted into a bore 26 in the holding plate 24 such that its foot 27 is conical End portion 28 of the bore 26 is seated.
  • the transmission elements 23 protrude on that side of the holding plate 24 which faces away from the conical end sections 28 of the bores 26.
  • the pressure plate 25 rests on the other side of the holding plate 24.
  • This pressure plate 25 is pressed onto the holding plate 24 by a plurality of screws 29. It holds the feet 27 of the transmission elements 23 in the conical end sections 28 of the bores 26 of the holding plate 24.
  • the holding plate 24 and the pressure plate 25 have threaded bores that are aligned with one another and are preferably arranged near their outer edge.
  • the total thickness of the holding plate 24 and the pressure plate 25 should be a multiple of half the longitudinal wavelength ( ⁇ / 2) of the generated ultrasonic waves, so that the ultrasound waves pass through the holding plate 24 and the pressure plate 25 as freely as possible.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 30 is arranged on that side of the pressure plate 25 which faces away from the holding plate 24.
  • the front faces of the transmission elements 23, seen along the direction of movement of the ultrasonic waves, can be flat or convex. Curved end faces cause additional bundling of the ultrasonic waves.
  • the transmission elements 23 can be composed of a tube and a solid needle in a further embodiment, not shown in the drawings.
  • the needle is located inside the tube.
  • the proposed ultrasound transmitter 1 of both types of training is preferably attached to the bottom 15 of a trough 14 (cf. FIGS. 7a to 8). It emits the ultrasonic waves with a wide angle of propagation upwards. The largest part of the ultrasound waves hits the object 16 to be cleaned, which is arranged above the ultrasound transmitter 1. A small part of the ultrasonic waves strikes the tub walls 17 and is reflected by them. However, there is also the possibility of attaching the proposed ultrasound transmitter 1 to the inside of a tub side wall 17 (cf. FIG. 9 and 10). For example, all side walls 17, two opposite side walls 17 or a single side wall 17 can each carry one or more ultrasound transmitters 1. That part of the ultrasonic waves which strikes the object 16 to be cleaned immediately after the first reflection is increased in the present invention by a suitable shaping of the tub 14. Different tub shapes are provided.
  • FIG. 7a shows a trough 14 with bent side walls 17.
  • the side walls 17 run vertically, in a lower section they run obliquely inwards.
  • the side walls 17 of the tub 14, which is shown in FIG. 7b, are curved inwards in a lower section.
  • long tubs 14 are also provided, on the bottom 15 of which two, three or more ultrasound transmitters 1 are fastened (cf. FIG. 8). They are arranged in a line.
  • the proposed ultrasound transmitter 1 of the first type of training is advantageously operated at frequencies between 25-40 kHz and powers of 1000-1500 watts per ultrasound transducer 9.
  • the proposed ultrasonic transmitter 1 has significant advantages over the known ultrasonic transmitters provided for ultrasonic cleaning.
  • the ultrasound waves propagate largely on one side of the ultrasound transmitter 1, in contrast to the rod or tube vibrators. This on the one hand achieves a good distribution of the ultrasound waves and on the other hand prevents a large one Part of the ultrasonic waves hits the object 16 to be cleaned only after reflection on the tub wall 17. This has the effect that the efficiency of the proposed ultrasonic transmitter 1 is higher than the efficiency of previously known, comparable ultrasonic transmitters. This means that with the proposed ultrasound generator 1, a substantially better cleaning effect is achieved with a certain amount of energy can be than in the known ultrasonic transducers.
  • the ultrasound transmitter 1 of the first type of training causes the ultrasound waves to spread at a wider angle than the known surface oscillators.
  • the contact area between the transmission elements 23 and the cleaning liquid 13 is considerably larger than in the known tube or surface vibrators. The transmission of the ultrasound waves from the ultrasound transmitter 1 to the cleaning liquid 13 is consequently considerably more efficient.
  • the individual ultrasonic transducers could not be operated with excessive power because of the small thickness of the plate-shaped transmission element. Up to 100 watts were usual for each ultrasonic transmitter. At higher powers, the plate-shaped transmission element is destroyed after a short time. Thanks to the massive construction of the proposed ultrasound transmitter 1 of the first type of training, its ultrasound transducer 9 can be operated with powers of 1000-1500 watts. A much higher sound pressure can consequently be generated with the proposed ultrasound transmitter 1 of the first design than with the previously known ultrasound transmitters. This is particularly important if the cleaning liquid 13 used is not an aqueous solution but organic solvents. Organic solvents have the advantage that they have a lower viscosity than water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un premier mode de réalisation, le générateur d'ultrasons (1) proposé comporte une tête oscillante (2) de section circulaire. La face (3) de la tête oscillante (2) tournée du côté du fluide de nettoyage est convexe. Grâce au comportement de réfraction des ondes ultrasonores, cette forme augmente l'angle de diffusion desdites ondes. La surface de la face convexe (3) peut être lisse, régulière ou à gradins. Une surface à gradins aide à la réduction de la réflexion au niveau de la couche limite entre la tête oscillante (2) et le fluide de nettoyage. La tête oscillante (2) comporte, dans sa seconde face, un évidement cylindrique dans lequel est inséré un transducteur d'ultrasons (9) piézoélectrique. Dans un second mode de réalisation, le générateur d'ultrasons (1) proposé comporte une pluralité de composants de transmission en forme d'aiguille, parallèles les uns aux autres et faisant saillie à angle droit, vers le base, à partir d'une plaque de support. Le générateur d'ultrasons (1) proposé est fixé sur le fond ou sur une paroi latérale d'une cuve.
EP96900234A 1995-01-27 1996-01-16 Generateur d'ultrasons Withdrawn EP0806031A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH223/95 1995-01-27
CH22395A CH692136A5 (de) 1995-01-27 1995-01-27 Ultraschallgeber bzw. -generator.
PCT/CH1996/000020 WO1996023296A1 (fr) 1995-01-27 1996-01-16 Generateur d'ultrasons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0806031A1 true EP0806031A1 (fr) 1997-11-12

Family

ID=4182091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96900234A Withdrawn EP0806031A1 (fr) 1995-01-27 1996-01-16 Generateur d'ultrasons

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0806031A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH692136A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023296A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106984515A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2017-07-28 苏州嘉辉超声波科技有限公司 一种超声波换能器
DE102020104675A1 (de) 2020-02-21 2021-08-26 Weber Ultrasonics AG Ultraschall-Flächenschwinger für die Textilveredelung, Textilveredelungsvorrichtung und Textilveredelungsverfahren
CN113980803B (zh) * 2021-11-22 2025-02-07 苏州尚元医疗科技有限公司 一种非直接接触式超声型核酸提取仪
CN220001511U (zh) * 2023-03-30 2023-11-14 中山市众智电器有限公司 超声波冷萃壶

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR764869A (fr) * 1933-07-29 1934-05-29 Dispositif pour la transformation de l'énergie acoustique en énergie électrique, et inversement
US3780926A (en) * 1972-06-02 1973-12-25 Dukane Corp Ultrasonic rigid horn assembly
US4050056A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-09-20 Fred M. Dollorfano, Jr. And Donald P. Amassa, Trustees Of The Stoneleigh Trust Electroacoustic transducer design for eliminating phantom target errors in sound ranging systems
JPS55120299A (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-16 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Circular ultrasonic vibration element
JPS5654198A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-05-14 Hitachi Ltd Ultrasonic wave oscillator
EP0546685A3 (en) * 1991-11-12 1993-08-18 Submicron Systems, Inc. Megasonic cleaning system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9623296A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH692136A5 (de) 2002-02-28
WO1996023296A1 (fr) 1996-08-01

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