EP0300319B1 - Dispositif résonant à commande piézoélectrique pour atomiser un fluide par ultrasons - Google Patents

Dispositif résonant à commande piézoélectrique pour atomiser un fluide par ultrasons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0300319B1
EP0300319B1 EP88111066A EP88111066A EP0300319B1 EP 0300319 B1 EP0300319 B1 EP 0300319B1 EP 88111066 A EP88111066 A EP 88111066A EP 88111066 A EP88111066 A EP 88111066A EP 0300319 B1 EP0300319 B1 EP 0300319B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonance system
plate
base plate
neck
working plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88111066A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0300319A3 (en
EP0300319A2 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Dr. Däges
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Van Der Linden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0300319A2 publication Critical patent/EP0300319A2/fr
Publication of EP0300319A3 publication Critical patent/EP0300319A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0300319B1 publication Critical patent/EP0300319B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0623—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B3/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving focusing or reflecting

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of devices for generating resonant vibrations in the ultrasonic frequency range. It can be used in the structural design of a piezoelectrically excitable, resonant system with which liquids are atomized.
  • a known device for liquid atomization consists of a rotationally symmetrical metal body with a piezoceramic vibrator coupled to the base of the metal body.
  • the metal body of this resonance system (which carries out a bending vibration) has three areas, namely a disk-shaped base plate, a vibrating plate referred to as a “work plate” and a web connecting the base plate and the work plate and lying in the axis of symmetry of the metal body.
  • the worktop is used to hold a liquid. Aerosols that can be generated with such a resonance system have droplet diameters that are largely not respirable. Such a resonance system is therefore not very suitable for the production of aerosols for inhalation purposes.
  • the invention is based on a resonance system with the features of the preamble of claim 1. It is based on the object of improving the resonance system in such a way that, with the smallest possible electrical excitation power, a droplet diameter of the aerosol of less than 15 micrometers can be achieved in order to further increase the aerosol's ability to move into the lungs.
  • the piezoceramic ultrasonic vibrator is a vibrator working in thickness resonance
  • the base plate of the metal body has a parabolic cover surface opposite the base surface
  • the worktop is plate-shaped or bowl-shaped
  • the center of the Worktop is located in or near the actual focal point of the parabolic cover surface or the focal point of the parabolic cover surface reflected through the neck on the base surface of the base plate.
  • the term “parabolic cover surface” is understood to mean a surface that reflects the ultrasound waves incident into a focal point. Approximately, this can also be a spherical surface or a surface adapted to a paraboloid from annular partial surfaces (truncated cone surfaces with different cone opening angles).
  • the ultrasonic waves fed into the metal body by the piezoceramic thickness transducer are on the parabolic cover surface reflected from the base plate and focused through the neck into the area of the worktop. Since the ultrasonic waves hit the worktop at an angle of inclination, some of these sound waves are reflected in the direction of the edge of the worktop; another part runs as a surface wave in the direction of the edge. This ensures an even distribution of the liquid to be atomized on the worktop and thus uniform atomization over the entire atomization period. In addition, the liquid surface is close to the optimal atomization point during the entire atomization process.
  • aerosols are generated in which more than 50% of the atomizable volume is in droplets with a diameter of less than or equal to 15 ⁇ m and the most common droplet diameter is less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
  • compliance with a specific resonance frequency is ensured in such a resonance system within the framework of manageable manufacturing tolerances.
  • the metal body of the resonance system can be designed such that the base of the base plate is a circular ring, and that the base plate merges into a conical neck which penetrates the central opening of the circular ring beyond the base plate. This results in a relatively compact design of the resonance system.
  • the piezoceramic thickness transducer also has the shape of a circular ring in this case.
  • the worktop can be integrated directly into the neck, in that the neck is designed as a truncated cone with a plate-shaped or bowl-shaped depression at the tapering end.
  • the focal point of the ultrasonic waves can be placed in the hollow of the cone tip and thus directly in the liquid to be atomized.
  • the metal body can also be designed such that the conical neck at the tapered end merges into the plate or bowl-shaped worktop in the form of an extension. This enables the atomization of a larger amount of liquid.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the metal body is that the disc-shaped base plate on the side of the parabolic cover surface near the axis of symmetry merges into the neck carrying the worktop.
  • the ultrasonic waves are reflected twice before they hit the worktop. Interference effects associated with this double reflection, bundle dislocations (DE-Z "Material Institute", 1965, page 281 ff.) And reentry of the ultrasonic waves into the piezoceramic lead to parallel beam displacements, as a result of which the feeding of the ultrasound into the liquid to be atomized is improved. This can be further taken into account by a special design of the worktop.
  • This configuration consists in the fact that the side part of the worktop forms a conical jacket, and that the transition area between the neck and the plate-shaped worktop and the inclination of the side part relative to the central part of the worktop is selected such that ultrasonic waves reflected on the worktop are directed into the side part and be reflected several times in the direction of the plate.
  • the dimensioning of the resonance system depends on the speed of sound in the metal body, which is preferably made of chromium-nickel steel, and on the desired frequency.
  • the frequency should be in the favorable transmission range of the piezoceramic thickness transducer. Since the continuous atomization of a liquid preferably takes place with standing ultrasound waves, the ultrasound path in the metal body should be a multiple of half the wavelength, in particular 6-28 times.
  • the thickness of the disk-shaped base plate approximately twice as large as the ultrasonic wavelength and to dimension the diameter of the plate-shaped worktop with approximately three times this wavelength.
  • the diameter of the base area of the disk-shaped base plate should be approximately ten times this wavelength.
  • the one-piece metal body 1 shown is - geometrically speaking - a ring part which is penetrated by a cone with a parabolically shaped underside 4, the ring part and the cone having the same axis of symmetry 10 and the same outside diameter.
  • the metal body 1 thus has a disk-shaped base plate 2 with a flat, annular base surface 3 running perpendicular to the axis of symmetry or rotation 10 and with an opposite symmetrical parabolic cover surface 4; it also has a conically tapering neck 5, which penetrates the annular base surface 3, that is, protrudes therefrom, and which is formed at the tapered end with a plate-shaped or bowl-shaped recess 6.
  • the recess 6 in the neck 5 also forms the worktop of the resonance system. It is intended to hold a liquid to be atomized.
  • the center of the depression 6 lies in or in the vicinity of the actual focal point F1 of the base area 4.
  • the ultrasound oscillator 7 which in this case is ring-shaped, is coupled to the flat base area 3, which runs perpendicular to the axis of symmetry 10. It lies symmetrically to the axis of symmetry 10. It operates in what is known as a thickness resonance.
  • the resonance system is constructed on the basis of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • a one-piece, rotationally symmetrical metal body 11 is provided, which consists of a disk-shaped base plate 12 with a flat, ring-shaped base surface 13, an opposite parabolic cover surface 14 and a conically tapering neck 15.
  • the neck 15 also protrudes from the base 13 here.
  • a plate-shaped projecting part 16 is provided, which is molded onto the tapered end of the neck 15.
  • the plate-shaped worktop 16 has the shape of an extension and has a flat central part and a tapered side part (conical plate wall).
  • the resonance system is excited via an electrically loadable piezoceramic ring body 17, which is coupled to the metal body 11 (preferably made of chromium-nickel steel) on the base surface 13, e.g. is glued.
  • the common axis of symmetry is designated 20.
  • An ultrasound wave US excited by the piezoceramic ring body 17, which also works here as a thickness oscillator, is reflected on the parabolic cover surface 14 and focused in the vicinity of the center of the plate-shaped worktop 16 at the focal point F2.
  • the liquid on the worktop 16 is atomized as a result.
  • an oscillatable, rotationally symmetrical metal body 21 has a disk-shaped base plate 22, the base surface 23 of which is designed as a flat circular surface. Opposite it is a parabolic cover surface 24.
  • the base plate 22 merges on the side of its parabolic cover surface 24 in the region of the axis of symmetry 30 via a neck 25 into a plate-shaped worktop 26.
  • This plate 26 has a flat central part 28 and a tapered side part 29 (conical plate wall).
  • the entire resonance system is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry 30.
  • a piezoceramic thickness transducer 27 is here cylindrical (with a circular coupling surface) and glued to the flat base surface 23 and thereby coupled.
  • An ultrasonic wave US1 excited by the thickness transducer 27 is reflected both at the parabolic cover surface 24 and at the interface 23 between the thickness transducer 27 and the base plate 22 and is focused toward the center of the plate-shaped work surface 26.
  • the focal point F3 of the ultrasonic waves US1 is therefore a mirror image of the focal point of the parabolic surface 24, the base surface 23 forming the mirror surface.
  • the focussing point F3 of the ultrasonic wave US1 and the atomization location lie here on the same side of the base area 23.
  • the transition area between the neck 25 and the plate-shaped worktop 26 and the inclination of the side part 29 against the central part 28 are chosen accordingly.
  • a circumferential, ring-shaped notch 33 - preferably on the underside of the plate wall 29 as shown on the left - in the vicinity of the plate edge shields the plate edge from the ultrasonic waves. As a result, it calms down the liquid on the worktop 26 in the edge region.
  • the diameter of the plate-shaped worktop 26 is approximately three times the ultrasonic wavelength in the metal body 21, the diameter of the neck 25 and the plate middle part is approximately one Wavelength, a height of Neck 25 of likewise approximately one wavelength, a thickness of the base plate 22 of twice the wavelength and a diameter of the base surface 23 of approximately ten times the wavelength have proven to be expedient.
  • the thickness of the piezoceramic thickness transducer 27 preferably corresponds to approximately half the wavelength of the excited ultrasound wave in the thickness transducer 27.

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif résonant à commande piézoélectrique pour atomiser un liquide, comportant un corps métallique (1, 11, 21) vibrant à symétrie de révolution, pourvu d'une platine (2, 12, 22) en forme de disque, d'une plaque de travail (6, 16, 26) et d'un cou (5, 15, 25) reliant la plaque de travail (6, 16, 26) à la platine (2, 12, 22), ainsi que d'un émetteur d'ultrasons (7, 17, 27) piézocéramique qui est accouplé à une surface de base (3, 13, 23) plane de la platine (2, 12, 22), perpendiculaire à l'axe de symétrie (10, 20, 30), caractérisé en ce que
    a) l'émetteur d'ultrasons (7, 17, 27) piézocéramique est un transducteur fonctionnant en résonance d'épaisseur,
    b) la platine (2, 12, 22) du corps métallique (1, 11, 21) est pourvue d'une surface extérieure parabolique (4, 14, 24) située à l'opposé de la surface de base (3, 13, 23),
    c) la plaque de travail (6, 16, 26) est pourvue dune forme en assiette ou en écuelle, et
    d) le centre de la plaque de travail (6, 16, 26) est situé dans ou à proximité du
    d1) foyer (F1, F2) propre de la surface extérieure parabolique (4, 14) ou,
    d2) foyer (F3) de la surface extérieure parabolique (24) réfléchi à travers le cou (25) sur la surface de base (23) de la platine (22).
  2. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface de base (3, 13) de la platine (2, 12) est une couronne, et que la platine (2, 12) prend la forme d'un cou conique (5, 15) qui sort au-dessus de la surface de base (3, 13) en traversant l'ouverture centrale de la couronne.
  3. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le cou (5) a la forme d'un cône tronqué pourvu d'un creux (6) en forme d'assiette situé à l'extrémité se terminant en pointe.
  4. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le cou (15) en forme de cône se transforme, à l'extrémité se terminant en pointe, en s'élargissant pour devenir la plaque de travail (16) en forme d'assiette ou d'écuelle.
  5. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la platine (22) en forme de disque prend, du côté de la surface extérieure parabolique (24), dans la zone de l'axe de symétrie (30), la forme du cou (25) qui supporte la plaque de travail (26).
  6. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie latérale (29) de la plaque de travail (26) est conçue en forme de cône et que la zone de transition entre le cou (25) et la plaque de travail (26) en forme d'assiette, ainsi que l'inclinaison de la partie latérale (29) par rapport à la partie centrale (28) de la plaque de travail (26), sont choisies de manière à ce que les ondes ultrasonores réfléchies sur la plaque de travail (26) soient dirigées dans la partie latérale (29) et qu'elles y soient réfléchies de façon multiple en direction du bord (31) de l'assiette.
  7. Dispositif résonant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la partie latérale (29) est pourvue, à proximité du bord (31) de l'assiette, d'une rainure (33) périphérique.
  8. Dispositif résonant selon les revendications 5, 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la platine (22) en forme de disque est égale à peu près au double de la longueur d'onde de l'ultrason dans la platine (22).
  9. Dispositif résonant selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de la plaque de travail (26) en forme d'assiette est égal à peu près au triple de la longueur d'onde de l'ultrason.
  10. Dispositif résonant selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de la surface de base (23) de la platine (22) est égal à environ dix fois la longueur d'onde de l'ultrason.
  11. Dispositif résonant selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre du cou (25) est à peu près égal à la longueur d'onde simple de l'ultrason.
  12. Dispositif résonant selon l'une des revendications 5 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur du cou (25) est à peu près égale à la longueur d'onde simple de l'ultrason dans le corps métallique (21).
EP88111066A 1987-07-22 1988-07-11 Dispositif résonant à commande piézoélectrique pour atomiser un fluide par ultrasons Expired - Lifetime EP0300319B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873724629 DE3724629A1 (de) 1987-07-22 1987-07-22 Piezoelektrisch anregbares resonanzsystem
DE3724629 1987-07-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0300319A2 EP0300319A2 (fr) 1989-01-25
EP0300319A3 EP0300319A3 (en) 1990-05-09
EP0300319B1 true EP0300319B1 (fr) 1995-11-02

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EP88111066A Expired - Lifetime EP0300319B1 (fr) 1987-07-22 1988-07-11 Dispositif résonant à commande piézoélectrique pour atomiser un fluide par ultrasons

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Country Link
US (1) US4888516A (fr)
EP (1) EP0300319B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2543493B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE129651T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1307555C (fr)
DE (2) DE3724629A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3724629A1 (de) 1989-02-02
EP0300319A3 (en) 1990-05-09
ATE129651T1 (de) 1995-11-15
DE3854634D1 (de) 1995-12-07
JPS6451162A (en) 1989-02-27
CA1307555C (fr) 1992-09-15
EP0300319A2 (fr) 1989-01-25
US4888516A (en) 1989-12-19
JP2543493B2 (ja) 1996-10-16

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