EP0803850A1 - Système d'avertissement d'incendie - Google Patents

Système d'avertissement d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803850A1
EP0803850A1 EP97106132A EP97106132A EP0803850A1 EP 0803850 A1 EP0803850 A1 EP 0803850A1 EP 97106132 A EP97106132 A EP 97106132A EP 97106132 A EP97106132 A EP 97106132A EP 0803850 A1 EP0803850 A1 EP 0803850A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detectors
communication bus
fire alarm
alarm system
radio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97106132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0803850B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürg Dr. Werner
Peter Dr. Ryser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG, Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Priority to EP97106132A priority Critical patent/EP0803850B1/fr
Publication of EP0803850A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803850A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0803850B1 publication Critical patent/EP0803850B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire alarm system with a control center, with decentrally arranged detectors and with a communication bus connected to the control center for the transmission of data and / or control signals between the detectors and the control center.
  • the detectors are connected to the communication bus via a wired channel.
  • a wired connection guarantees a very high level of transmission security, but makes the entire system relatively inflexible for changes in a room layout once selected or the function and / or occupancy of rooms. Because such changes usually require individual detectors to change their location, which, because of the necessary wiring, may involve extensive and in any case disruptive installation work.
  • the subsequent installation of such fire alarm systems with a wire between the communication bus and detectors in existing buildings, especially in those in which a fire alarm system was not originally planned, can be complex and expensive. This applies particularly to historical buildings.
  • a building management system for controlling peripheral devices arranged in different rooms of a building, such as lamps, fans, shutters and the like, is known.
  • This system contains a control center, a communication bus connected to it and transponders mounted at fixed locations in the building and connected to the communication bus.
  • the transponders which are provided for the wireless transmission of the bus signals to the peripheral devices, the signal transmission preferably being carried out by infrared radiation, are each arranged in the rooms containing the devices.
  • a fire alarm system is not about controlling decentralized detectors from the control center, but about sending danger signals from the detectors to the control center, this system cannot be used for a fire alarm system because of the infrared radiation. Because infrared radiation requires that there is "visual contact" between the transponder and the device to be controlled. And this means that the transponder and device must be arranged in the same room, and that care must be taken to ensure that the connection line between the device and the transponder is not interrupted, but this can be done relatively easily and unnoticed, for example, by moving furniture. In addition, the system is not suitable for retrofitting, especially of historical buildings, because of the requirement to mount the transponder and device in the same room.
  • the invention is now to provide a fire alarm system which, on the one hand, can be installed with little effort and can also be easily adapted to structural changes and can therefore also be used in particular for historical buildings, and which, on the other hand, has a high level of reliability and security for data transmission.
  • the fire alarm system to be created by the invention should have a high degree of flexibility, flexibility being understood to mean the ability to adapt to structural conditions and requirements.
  • the detectors are optionally connected to the communication bus via a wired or a wireless channel, in the latter case the relay devices connected to the communication bus are assigned to the relevant detectors for receiving the detector signals and feeding them into the communication bus , and that in the case of a wireless connection between the detector and the communication bus, the detector is arranged within the space to be monitored and the relay means outside of it and a plurality of detectors is assigned to each relay means.
  • the fire alarm system according to the invention is based on a completely new concept in terms of communication within the system, in that it proposes a type of hybrid system with wired and wireless channels, the selection of the respective communication type being carried out in such a way that the system is optimal in terms of transmission-related boundary conditions, transmission security and user benefit is adapted to the external conditions. It is not the case that the system is divided into two communication levels, so to speak, central / relay and relay / detector and one level is assigned to wired and the other wireless communication, but direct communication between the central and the detector is also possible.
  • a first preferred exemplary embodiment of the fire alarm system according to the invention is characterized in that the wireless connection is formed by a radio connection.
  • a fire alarm system according to the invention is to be installed, for example, in a hotel, the communication bus will be laid in the corridors and one or more relay means will be installed in each corridor depending on its length.
  • the communication bus will be laid in the corridors and one or more relay means will be installed in each corridor depending on its length.
  • the Communication between the detectors installed in the rooms and the assigned relay means will be chosen wherever this is possible using radio technology. This is because the choice of the wireless route, provided that this does not conflict with safety-related aspects, always results in a user benefit, because no lines have to be laid from the bus to the detectors.
  • a detector If a detector is to be installed in a radio-technically shielded room, such as in an air-raid shelter or in a basement with thick walls and / or metal doors or in a safety-critical room (boiler room, oil tank), then this detector will be used because of the safety aspects Connect a wire line to the communication bus.
  • the main advantage of the system according to the invention lies in the fact that, on the one hand, it is practically unlimited in size like a system with fully wired detectors, and on the other hand it is so extremely flexible and adaptable that it does not only improve the known wireless systems in terms of the required radio power and stability and interference immunity, but also in terms of flexibility.
  • a second preferred exemplary embodiment of the fire alarm system according to the invention is characterized in that the detectors provided for the wireless connection are designed for the detection of carbon monoxide.
  • a third preferred exemplary embodiment of the fire detection system according to the invention is characterized in that the detectors mentioned have an electrochemical sensor for measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide, which has a measuring electrode with a catalytically active material, a counter electrode with a carbon material and one with a measuring and counter electrode Contains electrolytes.
  • carbon monoxide sensors for fire detection has the advantage that the most dangerous gas is detected with the carbon monoxide. Since most of the victims of a fire have been proven to die of carbon monoxide poisoning, carbon oxide sensors are used with advantage where many people are, for example in hospitals, hotels, public buildings and the like.
  • the electrochemical sensors have the advantage that on the one hand they are very stable and have a lifespan of several years, and on the other hand they consume very little power, so that the battery required to operate the detectors also has a lifespan of several years.
  • FIG. 1 shows, approximately in the center of the picture, a corridor 1 in which fire detectors 2 and a communication bus 3 are installed and to which rooms equipped with fire detectors 2 *, 2 'are connected on both sides; Rooms from the basement are shown above hallway 1 and rooms from any upper floor below hallway 1.
  • the communication bus 3 is installed in the hallway of each floor, preferably in the ceiling of the hallway, and the communication buses on all floors are connected to a common center 4.
  • a relay 5 is also installed in aisle 1, the latter being connected to the communication bus 3.
  • the structure of the relay 5 can be seen from the block diagram of FIG. 2.
  • the fire detectors 2 installed in aisle 1 are conventional fire detectors, for example scattered-light smoke detectors or thermal detectors, which emit an alarm signal when the corresponding fire parameter is detected.
  • the fire detectors 2 are either radio detectors, which send the alarm signals wirelessly, by radio, or wire detectors, which send the alarm signals by wire and are connected to the communication bus 3 via a line (not shown) for this purpose.
  • the radio detectors are designated by the reference symbol 2 * in FIG. 1 and the wire detectors are identified by the reference symbol 2 '.
  • the rooms shown in the lower half of the figure are standard hotel rooms HZ, each of which has a wet room NZ and is equipped with a 2 * radio detector. If required, a 2 * radio detector can also be installed in the NZ wet rooms.
  • the radio detectors 2 * which are equipped with a suitable radio transmitter 6 according to FIG. 2, obtain the required electrical energy from a battery 7.
  • the radio signals of the radio detectors 2 * are received by the relay 5 and fed to the control center 4 via the communication bus 3.
  • the relay 5 has a radio receiver 8 and a microprocessor 9 for this purpose. The latter converts the received detector signals into corresponding digital signals.
  • the frequency of the radio signals is selected so that these walls can penetrate safely and is, for example, above 300 MHz, preferably in the range of approximately 430 or approximately 860 MHz.
  • the relay 5 also has a power supply unit 10 connected to a suitable power supply line.
  • the radio detectors 2 * preferably send out a status signal at periodic time intervals, for example every 30 to 60 minutes, which indicates that the detector battery 7 still has sufficient power. If this status signal is not received, a fault is displayed in the control center 4 for the radio detector 2 * concerned. In order to avoid a collision of different radio telegrams, the intervals between the transmissions of the status signal can also fluctuate randomly around an average.
  • the radio detectors 2 * which can be designed for the detection of any fire parameters, are preferably designed for the detection of carbon monoxide and have a corresponding CO sensor 11 (FIG. 2).
  • the CO sensors 11 can be installed in a multi-criteria detector, which additionally contains a heat sensor 12 and / or an electro-optical sensor for the detection of smoke, but they can also be used directly and without the use of sensors for other fire parameters as fire detectors.
  • the signals from the two sensors 11 and 12 are fed to an evaluation stage 13 which is connected to the radio transmitter 6.
  • the evaluation stage 13 is either a microprocessor or a system integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • carbon monoxide detectors certainly help save lives and can be used with advantage wherever there are many people, e.g. in hotels, hospitals, schools, public buildings and the like.
  • Electrochemical sensors of the type described in WO-A-93/10444 are preferably used as carbon monoxide sensors 11; these are sensors with a measuring electrode which contains a catalytically active material which can bring about a conversion of carbon monoxide with a counter electrode which contains a carbon material, and with an electrolyte that is in contact with the measuring and counter electrodes. These sensors are extremely stable and have a lifespan of several years, and they consume so little electricity that the battery 7 built into the radio detector 2 * also has a lifespan of several years.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is not to be understood as meaning that only one relay 5 is installed on each floor or in each aisle of the hotel. Rather, the locations of the relays 5 are selected such that only a relatively low power is required for the transmission of the detector signals, which extends the service life of the detector batteries 7 (FIG. 2).
  • the locations of the relays 5 are selected such that only a relatively low power is required for the transmission of the detector signals, which extends the service life of the detector batteries 7 (FIG. 2).
  • the locations of the relays 5 it must be ensured that the distance from the relay to the individual radio detectors 2 * does not exceed a certain maximum value, this value, which depends on the building materials used and the type of construction, by practical means Attempts is determined. In a hotel you can usually assume that a relay 5 must be provided for about 20 or 30 wireless detectors 2 *.
  • the section from the basement shown in the upper half of FIG. 1 shows three rooms, namely a cellar room KR on the left, which is used, for example, as a storage room, followed by a shelter SR and an anteroom VR of the shelter SR on the right.
  • the cross-hatching of the walls of the shelter SR and anteroom VR indicates that these walls are specially reinforced.
  • a radio detector 2 * is only provided in the cellar room KR, which is not problematic in terms of radio technology
  • a wire detector 2 ' which is connected to the communication bus 3 via a line, is installed in the protective room SR and in the anteroom VR.
  • These wire detectors are, for example, of the AlgoRex type from Cerberus AG ( Algorex - registered trademark of Cerberus AG, Gurnnedorf, Switzerland); they draw their electrical energy from the bus 3 and they are designed for two-way communication with the control center 4.
  • wire detectors 2 are not limited to areas which are problematic in terms of radio technology, but wire detectors can also be used in rooms and building areas which have to meet particularly high security requirements or where there is an increased risk of fire.
  • the type of communication is deliberately kept open to indicate that both types of communication can be used here.
  • the radio detector variant has the advantage of high flexibility and adaptability and requires less installation effort.
  • the variant Wire detectors offered the advantage of a very high level of security and extremely low susceptibility to faults, and they allowed the system to be expanded practically indefinitely.
  • the main advantage of the system described is that it offers both variants in a single system, and that the creator / operator has the option of opting from room to room or from detector to detector for the optimal option for them . Which of these two options he chooses depends on several criteria that can be summed up as follows: wire detectors for large distances, wire detectors for problem areas and otherwise radio detectors.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP97106132A 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie Expired - Lifetime EP0803850B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97106132A EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96106275 1996-04-22
EP96106275 1996-04-22
CH221196 1996-09-10
CH221196 1996-09-10
CH2211/96 1996-09-10
EP97106132A EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803850A1 true EP0803850A1 (fr) 1997-10-29
EP0803850B1 EP0803850B1 (fr) 2003-05-14

Family

ID=25689806

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97106132A Expired - Lifetime EP0803850B1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-04-15 Système d'avertissement d'incendie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0803850B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE240567T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59710067D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2199310T3 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998040860A1 (fr) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour relier des unites fonctionnelles d'un systeme de signalisation
WO2001018762A1 (fr) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-15 Ademco Microtech Limited Ameliorations apportees ou se rapportant a des systemes de detection
EP1111565A1 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 Siemens Building Technologies AG Système de communication pour un bâtiment
EP1246150A2 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-02 Job Lizenz GmbH & Co. KG Système d'alarme d'incendie
US7075430B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2006-07-11 Siemens Building Technologies Ag Security system and danger sensor for monitoring danger parameters
EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Détection prompte d'incendies
EP2254100A2 (fr) * 2000-04-12 2010-11-24 Pittway Corporation Détecteur sans fil avec un processeur

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT14585U1 (de) 2015-06-10 2016-02-15 Buchholzer & Partner Gmbh Mobiles Brandmeldesystem

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107279A2 (fr) * 1982-08-27 1984-05-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Elément pour capteur d'oxyde de carbone
US4951029A (en) * 1988-02-16 1990-08-21 Interactive Technologies, Inc. Micro-programmable security system
EP0513443A1 (fr) * 1991-05-06 1992-11-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de contrôle de bâtiment
EP0689049A1 (fr) * 1994-05-26 1995-12-27 ENDRESS + HAUSER GASTEC GmbH + Co. Capteur à oxyde de carbone

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107279A2 (fr) * 1982-08-27 1984-05-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Elément pour capteur d'oxyde de carbone
US4951029A (en) * 1988-02-16 1990-08-21 Interactive Technologies, Inc. Micro-programmable security system
EP0513443A1 (fr) * 1991-05-06 1992-11-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de contrôle de bâtiment
EP0689049A1 (fr) * 1994-05-26 1995-12-27 ENDRESS + HAUSER GASTEC GmbH + Co. Capteur à oxyde de carbone

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998040860A1 (fr) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour relier des unites fonctionnelles d'un systeme de signalisation
WO2001018762A1 (fr) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-15 Ademco Microtech Limited Ameliorations apportees ou se rapportant a des systemes de detection
EP1111565A1 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 Siemens Building Technologies AG Système de communication pour un bâtiment
EP2254100A2 (fr) * 2000-04-12 2010-11-24 Pittway Corporation Détecteur sans fil avec un processeur
US7075430B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2006-07-11 Siemens Building Technologies Ag Security system and danger sensor for monitoring danger parameters
US7091844B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2006-08-15 Siemens Building Technologies Ag Security system and danger sensor for monitoring danger parameters
EP1246150A2 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2002-10-02 Job Lizenz GmbH & Co. KG Système d'alarme d'incendie
EP1246150A3 (fr) * 2001-03-30 2003-05-28 Job Lizenz GmbH & Co. KG Système d'alarme d'incendie
US6727815B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2004-04-27 Job Lizenz Gmbh Co., Kg Fire alarm system
EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Détection prompte d'incendies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2199310T3 (es) 2004-02-16
DE59710067D1 (de) 2003-06-18
ATE240567T1 (de) 2003-05-15
EP0803850B1 (fr) 2003-05-14

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