EP2297998A1 - Liaison redondante d'éléments de réseau radio avec une centrale - Google Patents
Liaison redondante d'éléments de réseau radio avec une centraleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2297998A1 EP2297998A1 EP08774778A EP08774778A EP2297998A1 EP 2297998 A1 EP2297998 A1 EP 2297998A1 EP 08774778 A EP08774778 A EP 08774778A EP 08774778 A EP08774778 A EP 08774778A EP 2297998 A1 EP2297998 A1 EP 2297998A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radio
- gateway
- communication system
- radio communication
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of radio communication systems.
- a radio communication system is understood to be a communication network having a plurality of subscribers, with at least some subscribers communicating with each other wirelessly via a radio interface.
- the present invention relates to a radio communication system having a central office and at least one radio secondary station, which are interconnected via a gateway.
- the present invention relates to a method for transmitting data between a radio slave station and a center of a radio communication system of the type described above.
- radio communication systems designed as fire alarm systems are known, in which the radio secondary stations are connected to a control center via a gateway.
- the gateway typically provides for the conversion of "radio messages” into “wire messages” and vice versa.
- Radio messages are in this context
- Wire Messages are data transmitted over a wired connection.
- a meshed network which is also referred to as a mesh network with each other.
- data transmission can also take place via other radio secondary stations which act as an intermediate station or as a repeater.
- Such a data transmission is usually referred to as a multi-hop transmission.
- several radio transmission paths can exist within a meshed multi-hop network between a selected transmitting station and a selected receiving station. As a result, data transmission between the selected transmitting station and the selected receiving station can continue to be ensured even after a failure of an intermediate station.
- a radio communication system comprises (a) a central office, (b) at least one radio secondary station, (c) a first gateway and (d) a second gateway.
- the radio secondary station is coupled to the central office via a first transmission path involving the first gateway and via a second transmission path involving the second gateway.
- the radio communication system described is based on the knowledge that the use of at least two gateways can improve the security in the transmission of data between the radio secondary station and the control center.
- a reliable data transmission is namely ensured even if one of the two gateways fails due to an error.
- the term gateway is understood in particular to mean a network element which implements a protocol conversion.
- the gateway can independently make a suitable conversion of the data to be transmitted between the radio secondary station and the center. Even omitting information may be possible if it can not be transported in the respective destination network. For example, all log information appended to a data packet may be removed and replaced with other protocol information.
- a gateway can implement a conversion between "radio messages" and "wire messages” and vice versa.
- the two gateways can also be referred to as network transceiver devices between different network types or between two different subareas of a network.
- the present invention can also be implemented with two or more gateways. In this way, the number of transmission paths between a radio slave station and the center and thus ultimately the transmission or the communication security can be further increased.
- the control center can have an evaluation unit which receives the communication signals of the radio secondary stations and optionally evaluates them in combination with one or more communication signals from other radio secondary stations.
- an evaluation unit which receives the communication signals of the radio secondary stations and optionally evaluates them in combination with one or more communication signals from other radio secondary stations.
- a plurality of communication signals can be evaluated by different radio substations designed as measuring instruments and / or as danger detectors in combination. Possibly.
- a danger message can be initiated which forces people inside a building, for example inside a building, to monitor an area monitored by the danger detector and to leave the danger zone.
- the radio slave stations may also have output elements such as actuators. These include audible and / or visual display devices such as alarm sirens or flashing lights. Output elements may also be electrical switching contacts, for example
- the first and / or the second gateway may be directly or indirectly connected to the center.
- a fieldbus can be used to connect the gateways to the control center.
- the first transmission path and the second transmission path are independent of each other.
- the radio secondary station is thus connected to the central office via at least two completely independent transmission paths.
- independent can be understood to mean that there is no partial path between the relevant radio secondary station and the central station, which is shared by both transmission paths. This applies both to wired sections and to radio links.
- the connection of the radio substation to the control center is completely error-proof. This means that within a larger system, which may in particular also have several radio secondary stations, even in the event of failure of any component of the system, such as a radio link, a gateway or a wire connection, the functionality of the entire system is maintained.
- the described redundant connection between the central and the radio secondary station via at least two mutually independent transmission paths has the advantage that an increased reliability of the overall system can be achieved. On the one hand this is a direct advantage for the operator of the radio communication system, on the other hand it will in the future also make possible larger systems, i. Allow systems with a greater number of radio substations than conventional communication systems, while ensuring, for example, the relevant regulations for radio alarm systems legal requirements for reliable operation.
- first gateway and / or the second gateway can optionally also be arranged together with the center in a common housing. Furthermore, the first gateway and / or the second gateway can also be realized within the central office.
- the two gateways are coupled to the central office via a ring line.
- Ring effet can in this
- connection line a connection line are understood, which extends from a first terminal of the center to a second terminal of the center. This means that the gateways are at least coupled via a wired connection to the central office.
- a loop may enable efficient wired connection of the two gateways to the control center with regard to the required connection cable.
- the ring line may also include one or more optical fibers, so that the two gateways are connected via an optical connection to the center.
- the central office can be designed such that in the case of a simple interruption of the loop continue both gateways are connected to the center. The communication between a radio substation and the control center can thus continue to take place via the same gateway. A change to the use of the other gateway is thus not required for only a simple interruption of the loop.
- the communication between the two gateways on the one hand and the control center on the other hand can also take place via a bus connection.
- the communication between the control center and one of the two gateways via the non-disturbed part of the loop takes place. The communication is thus still possible with both gateways over the undisturbed part of the loop.
- At least one of the two gateways is coupled to the control center via a separate branch line.
- Stub line only a single gateway is connected. In this way, a fault in a spur line can only lead to the failure of a single gateway.
- the control center has a first evaluation unit and a second evaluation unit.
- the two evaluation units are coupled together.
- the first evaluation unit is connected to the first gateway and the second evaluation unit is connected to the second gateway.
- the connection of the two gateways to the two different evaluation units can thereby optionally via a loop and / or via a stub.
- the use of two separate evaluation units has the advantage that a redundancy with respect to the failure of one of the two evaluation units can also be achieved with respect to at least some tasks of the center. This is true in any case if, in the event of failure of the first evaluation unit, at least one indirect communication between the second evaluation unit and the first gateway via the failed first evaluation unit is possible.
- the indirect communication can take place, for example, via the second gateway. This is especially true when the first gateway and the second gateway are connected via a common loop to the center.
- all evaluation procedures with respect to the signals which are provided via the two different gateways can then be carried out by means of the second evaluation unit.
- the radio communication system has a plurality of radio substations which form a meshed radio network.
- a meshed radio network may, for example, be understood to mean a subnetwork of the radio communication system described consisting of a plurality of radio secondary stations.
- the individual radio secondary stations can be connected to one another via a multiplicity of radio interfaces.
- some radio substations can also indirectly communicate with each other via other radio substations.
- the meshed radio network can be, for example, a so-called ad-hoc network, which is able to independently set up and configure itself.
- the meshed radio network can also be a so-called multi-hop network in which data from wireless Slave station to radio slave station to be passed on until they have reached their receiver.
- the advantage can advantageously arise that the data load is distributed more advantageously than in networks with a central access point.
- Scarce resources such as computation time, power and bandwidth require effective collaboration between the radio substations, each of which acts as a network node.
- Special routing procedures can be used to ensure that the ad-hoc network adapts itself automatically when network nodes move, join or fail.
- the use of a meshed network has the advantage that most radio substations can send messages to a gateway and receive messages from it via a plurality of connection paths. The message transmission then takes place frequently via so-called multi-hop connections, in which the transmitted data are transmitted indirectly via a plurality of radio secondary stations.
- the inventive use of at least two gateways data transmission from and to the center via redundant connection paths is thus possible for most radio substations, so that a particularly high level of fail-safety of the entire radio communication network can be achieved.
- connection with a meshed radio network from several radio substations in terms of the first error security offers the greatest advantage, several radio substations can of course be connected to each other by means of other radio network technologies. Even with the use of other wireless network technologies is by providing achieved by two gateways due to the appropriate redundancy improved reliability.
- the radio secondary stations are assigned to one of two groups, wherein the radio secondary stations (a) assigned to a group normally each use one of the two gateways for data transmission from and / or to the central station and ( b) use only in case of failure of a gateway, the other gateway for data transmission from and / or to the control center.
- the individual radio secondary stations can preferably be assigned to the two groups in such a way that the best reliability and / or the highest speed is ensured for the normal data transmission path.
- the gateway that can be reached via the least intermediate stations is used for each radio slave station.
- radio secondary stations can also be designed such that they automatically select that gateway for the normal transmission path which allows the best reliability and / or the best speed.
- the radio communication system is locally limited to a building or a building complex.
- the limited in terms of its spatial extent wireless communication system thus differs significantly from known cellular mobile networks, which usually cover a spatial area depending on the number of individual cells, which goes well beyond the size of a building or a larger building complex.
- the described near-field radio communication network may for example have a spatial extent along a direction of 20m, 50m, 100m, 200m or 500m.
- a building complex can also have a plurality of preferably adjacent buildings. In particular, these may be interconnected through the use of a meshed multi-hop technology based network described above.
- the radio communication system is a radio building management system.
- the building management system can be used for a variety of different tasks that are required and / or useful within a modern equipped building.
- the radio building management system described can be used for climate control, door operation and / or window opening or room monitoring.
- the radio communication system can have a sensor network and / or an actuator network, which records measured values in different rooms and forwards them to the central office and receives switching or positioning commands from them.
- the radio communication system is a radio hazard detection system.
- radio hazard alarm system typically determines by the functionality of the individual radio secondary stations. All radio substations can provide the same functionality or different functionality. In the case of the provision of various functionalities, a comprehensive building monitoring can be carried out, for example, with regard to (a) burglary (intrusion protection), (b) flooding, (c) the emergence and / or intrusion of, if necessary human health dangerous gases and / or (d) the emergence of smoke.
- radio substations in a hazard detection system can also have evacuation and control functionality, for example for closing fire doors or smoke flaps, which can be controlled by the control center in dangerous situations.
- the radio communication system may in particular be a fire alarm system. Since for all these dangerous situations the person skilled in the field of danger alarm technology suitable peripherals are known, which can be used as a radio substation, will not be discussed in the context of this application to possible specific embodiments such devices.
- the radio communication system can also be a combination of a building management system and a hazard detection system.
- a method of transmitting data between a radio substation and a center of a radio communication system of the type described above is described.
- the data transmission method described is based on the knowledge that the reliability of the data transmission can be improved by providing at least two different possible transmission paths between the radio secondary station and the central station.
- the two different transmission paths run via two different gateways.
- the data is normally transmitted redundantly both via the first transmission path and via the second transmission path.
- the term normal case is understood to mean a state of the radio communication system described, in which both the first and the second gateways are ready for operation.
- the normally redundant data transmission has the consequence that the same data arrive via two preferably independent transmission paths at the respective destination network element, the radio secondary station or the central office.
- duplicate identical data can be filtered and possibly deleted. This can ensure that data processing operations performed on the target network element do not need to unnecessarily work with redundant data.
- the described filtering of multiply received data can be carried out in the center, in particular by an evaluation unit.
- the continuous redundant transmission over more than one Ubertragungsweg allows a simple check of the integrity of all transmission paths and thus the certainty that even if a single component or communication link all network elements remain connected. It should be noted that if more than two transmission paths exist between a radio secondary station and the control center, the data can normally be transmitted redundantly over any number of existing transmission paths. Of course, a redundant data transmission is only possible if the number of selected transmission paths is greater than one.
- the data (a) are normally transmitted only via the first transmission path and (b) in the event of a fault via the second transmission path from a first network element to a second network element.
- the first network element may be the central station and the second network element may be the radio secondary station.
- the second network element may be the central office and the first network element may be the radio secondary station.
- the described division of the data transmission between the normal case and the fault case may mean that, in the event of an interruption of a transmission path, the communication is diverted to a further transmission path.
- the diversion can be activated by the radio substation and / or the control center.
- the activation of the diversion can be done by a failure confirmation message, which confirmation message is returned in the normal case of the relevant gateway when the radio station and / or the center sends a message to the relevant gateway.
- the same messages or the same data can be transmitted via the diversion as over the normal transmission path. This has the advantage that even if one gateway fails, all data can be transmitted via the other gateway, which would normally be transmitted by the failed gateway.
- the communication between the central office and the respective radio secondary station can be bidirectional as well as unidirectional.
- Bidirectional communication means that data is transmitted both from the respective radio secondary station to the central station and from the central station to the respective radio secondary station. This type of communication is the norm for most radio communication systems used in the field of building technology. However, unidirectional communication is also possible. If the respective radio secondary station is equipped only with an input element, such as a sensor for detecting a measured variable, then the unidirectional communication takes place from the radio secondary station to the central station. If the respective radio slave station is equipped only with an output element such as an actuator, then the unidirectional communication takes place from the central office to the radio slave station.
- the transmission reliability can of course only be improved if the second or the further transmission path is still present after a failure of the first transmission path and can actually be used for data transmission.
- the following measures are suitable, inter alia, which can be used individually or in any combination with one another: -
- a regular data transfer is a periodic change between all available transmission paths. In this way, a failure of a Ubertragungsweges can be detected quickly and reliably.
- the second or the redundant gateway and possibly further redundant gateways are monitored as network component (s) of the described radio communication system in the context of an integrity check. This integrity check can be carried out at periodic intervals.
- telegrams are transmitted in temporally preferred periodic distances, with which the sender reports to the other gateway or to the other gateways a fault-free operating state.
- the telegrams can be transmitted directly or indirectly via the control center and / or individual radio substations.
- the current use of the second gateway is detected in the event of a fault by the first network element on the basis of a message received via the second transmission path. Furthermore, for future data to be transmitted to the second network element an addressing is used in which the use of the second transmission path is described.
- the described correct addressing used by the transmitting network element after a failure of a gateway has the advantage that in the event of a fault the correct path to the receiver is already given when sending messages. In this way, the security and also the speed of the data transmission between the first and the second network element or between the radio slave station and the control center can be considerably improved.
- the first network element in the event of a fault, does not recognize that the data is being transmitted via the second transmission path and messages to the second network element continue to be addressed in the same way as in the normal case. This means that the first network element does not recognize an activated diversion of the data flow from the defective first gateway to the operational second gateway.
- a radio communication system with a plurality of radio substations is used, and in the event of a fault, data from at least one particular radio substation is transmitted to the center such that it remains hidden from the identity of the at least one particular radio substation ,
- This can be realized, for example, by transmitting the corresponding messages of the radio secondary stations as a whole via the activated diversion via the second transmission path.
- the control center thus has no possibility of identifying the individual radio substation which has issued a danger message.
- Figure 1 shows a radio-hazard detection system with three gateways, wherein a first gateway is connected via a loop and a second gateway via a spur line to a central office and wherein a third gateway is integrated in the center.
- Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show three different radio hazard detection systems, each with a different connection of two external gateways to a central office.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show the transition from a fundamentally redundant data transmission in the normal case (FIG. 3a) and a redundant data transmission activated only in the event of a fault (FIG. 3b).
- Figures 4a and 4b show a radio-hazard detection system with two adjacent wireless networks, each associated with a gateway, in case of failure of a gateway data transmission over the other gateway can be maintained.
- FIG. 1 shows a radio communication system 100 embodied as a radio danger detection system.
- the radio hazard detection system 100 has a meshed radio network 110 which comprises a plurality of radio secondary stations a, b, c, d, e, f.
- the radio secondary stations a, b, c, d, e, f are coupled to one another at least via single hop (single-hop) or via multiple hop (multi-hop) communication links.
- the radio communication system 100 also has two external gateways gl and g2 and a central station 130.
- the gateway gl is connected via a ring line 122 to the central 130.
- the ring line 122 also extends over further network elements h, i, j.
- the network elements h, i, j can have the same functionalities within the radio danger detection system 100 as the radio auxiliary stations a, b, c, d, e, f.
- the network elements h, i, j can thus fire detectors, input / output modules, alarm devices, display and control devices, etc. have. This also applies to building management systems.
- the decisive difference between the network elements h, i, j and the radio substations a, b, c, d, e, f results from the type of communication with the center and the resulting respective of the power supply.
- the network elements h, i, j can communicate with the control center 130 by way of a wired connection, whereas the radio substations a, b, c, d, e, f are at least partially dependent on wireless radio communication.
- the radio secondary stations a, b, c, d, e, f typically have additional restrictions with respect to the power requirement, the supply voltage, the size, the electrical
- functionalities that have a particularly high power consumption are preferably offered in connection with wired network elements to be connected to the center. This applies, for example, to so-called linear fire detectors, which detect smoke on the basis of an extinction caused by smoke aerosols. This also applies, for example, flame detectors, xenon flashing lights and / or display and Whygerate.
- a ring line for connecting the gateway gl to the central unit 130 has the advantage that in the case of the interruption of only one branch of the ring line 122, the gateway can continue to communicate with the center 130 via the other branch of the ring line 122.
- the ring line 122 which extends from the central office 130 via the gateway gl back to the center 130, thus provides for the communication between gateway gl and central 130 two independent transmission paths available.
- the gateway g2 is connected via a branch line 124 to the control center 130.
- the stub 124 further extends over other network elements k, 1, m.
- the network elements k, 1, m can take over the same tasks within the radio danger detection system 100 as the network elements h, i, j arranged within the ring line 122.
- gateways g1 and g2 ensure, in a known manner, a conversion between "radio messages" from and for at least one radio secondary station of the muted radio network 110 and "wire messages" from and for the central station 130.
- the gateways gl and g2 can perform a protocol conversion.
- the control center 130 has an evaluation unit p, which receives the messages provided by the individual radio secondary stations a, b, c, d, e, f and optionally evaluates them in combination with one another. For example, in the case of a message from a radio secondary station, which is designed as a fire detector, a corresponding fire alarm message can be initiated by the evaluation unit. By means of such an alarm message, for example, persons who are located within a building monitored by the relevant radio danger detector can be made to leave the danger area.
- the radio communication system 100 also has another gateway g3.
- the further gateway g3 is integrated in the control center 130.
- the gateway g3 can also be used to connect radio secondary stations a, b, c, d, e, f to the central station 130.
- the gateway g3 could be used to increase the security of communication between the center 130 and the radio stations a, b, c, d, e, f also other gateways.
- FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c show three different radio hazard detection systems 200a, 200b and 200c, each comprising a meshed radio network 210 with a plurality of substations a, b, c, d, e and f, two gateways gl and g2 and have a central 230.
- the two gateways gl and g2 are coupled to the control center 230 via the same ring line 222.
- the gateway is coupled to the control center 230 via a ring line 222.
- the gateway g2 is coupled to the control center 230 via a spur line 224. It is relevant here that the gateways gl and g2 are connected to the control center 230 via different lines 222, 224. Whether these lines as
- Ring or stub lines are formed is irrelevant here.
- the control center has two units 230a and 230b which are spatially separated from one another.
- the unit 230a is a first evaluation unit pl and the unit 230b is assigned a second evaluation unit p2.
- the two units 230a, 230b are coupled to each other via a communication link 231.
- the communication link 231 may be a wireless connection (for example, over the air) and / or a wired connection (for example, via an optical fiber or a metallic line).
- the connection 231 can be designed not only as a single but also as a multiple connection, for example by means of a ring line.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show the transition from a normally redundant data transmission to a data transmission which is not redundant in the event of a fault for a radio hazard detection system 300.
- the radio hazard detection system 300 has a network radio 310 with a plurality of secondary stations a, b, c, d, e and f, two gateways gl and g2 and a control center 330.
- the two gateways gl and g2 are each connected via a separate ring line 322 to the control center 330.
- the control center 330 has an evaluation unit p.
- d. H When all the network elements of the radio hazard alarm system 300 and in particular the two gateways gl and g2 are ready for operation, for example, the radio substation e with the center 330 via two completely independent transmission paths, a first transmission path 341 and a second transmission path 342 connected.
- the first transmission path 341 runs via the gateway gl
- the second transmission path runs via the gateway g2.
- This state which is characterized by a completely redundant data transmission between the central station 330 and the radio secondary station, is shown in FIG. 3a.
- the first transmission path 341 is interrupted by a fault 341a, then only a data transmission via the second transmission path 342 is possible.
- This fault condition which occurs in particular in case of a failure of the gateway gl, is illustrated in FIG. 3b. If the second transmission path 342 has a sufficient bandwidth, all data that pass through the first transmission path 341 in the case of interference can be forwarded to the second transmission path 342.
- the data is not redundant but only transmitted via the gateway gl from the radio secondary station e to the central station 330 become.
- the redundancy with regard to possible transmission paths can then be activated so that the future communication between the radio secondary station and the e and the center 330 takes place via the second gateway g2.
- the detection of the failure of the first gateway gl can be performed by the evaluation unit p, for example, by a "failure” message received directly or indirectly from the gateway via a radio secondary station and / or by the absence of positive "operating" messages (so-called keepalive Messages). Both "outage" messages and positive "operation” messages can be communicated to the other users of the radio communication system in all possible ways and detours. These paths and / or detours may comprise, for example, wired fieldbus as branch or ring line, radio links and / or additional connections, for example via wire, radio, optical fibers.
- FIGS 4a and 4b show two operating states of a radio hazard detection system 400.
- the hazard detection system 400 has two adjacent radio networks 410a and 410b.
- the radio networks 410a or 410b may be a meshed network having a plurality of radio substations a, b, c, and d, e, f, respectively.
- the first radio network 410a is assigned a gateway gl.
- the second radio network 410b is assigned a gateway g2.
- the communication between the radio secondary station e and the center 430 takes place via the gateway g1, which defines a first transmission path 441.
- the communication between the radio substation a and the central office 430 takes place via the gateway g2, which defines a second transmission path 442.
- Substation e or between the gateway gl and the center 430 the data traffic between the substation e, which normally runs over the first Ubertragungsweg 441, is redirected to the second Ubertragungsweg 442.
- This operating state is shown in FIG. 4b.
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Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/EP2008/058700 WO2010000334A1 (fr) | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-04 | Liaison redondante d'éléments de réseau radio avec une centrale |
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EP2297998A1 true EP2297998A1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 |
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EP08774778A Withdrawn EP2297998A1 (fr) | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-04 | Liaison redondante d'éléments de réseau radio avec une centrale |
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US (1) | US20110261795A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2297998A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102144416A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010000334A1 (fr) |
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CN101014173B (zh) * | 2006-12-31 | 2012-07-18 | 姜宏伟 | 一种传送通信基站监控数据的方法及系统 |
KR101421145B1 (ko) * | 2008-01-09 | 2014-07-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서 게이트웨이 선택 방법 |
WO2010133243A1 (fr) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-25 | Nec Europe Ltd. | Procédé d'aide aux décisions de routage dans un réseau maillé sans fil et réseau maillé sans fil |
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2008
- 2008-07-04 US US13/002,553 patent/US20110261795A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-04 EP EP08774778A patent/EP2297998A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-04 CN CN2008801309797A patent/CN102144416A/zh active Pending
- 2008-07-04 WO PCT/EP2008/058700 patent/WO2010000334A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2010000334A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20110261795A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
WO2010000334A1 (fr) | 2010-01-07 |
CN102144416A (zh) | 2011-08-03 |
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