EP0974215A2 - Liaison de communication de donnees dans un reseau de communication hierarchique a bus, fonctionnant selon un protocole demande/reponse, a savoir selon le "protocole d'appel selectif" - Google Patents

Liaison de communication de donnees dans un reseau de communication hierarchique a bus, fonctionnant selon un protocole demande/reponse, a savoir selon le "protocole d'appel selectif"

Info

Publication number
EP0974215A2
EP0974215A2 EP98921352A EP98921352A EP0974215A2 EP 0974215 A2 EP0974215 A2 EP 0974215A2 EP 98921352 A EP98921352 A EP 98921352A EP 98921352 A EP98921352 A EP 98921352A EP 0974215 A2 EP0974215 A2 EP 0974215A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bus
communication
communication elements
level
hierarchical level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98921352A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Hallmann
Manfred Hanusa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0974215A2 publication Critical patent/EP0974215A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
    • H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
    • H04L12/40189—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of bus systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/42—Loop networks
    • H04L12/437—Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/40—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a data communication connection in a hierarchical communication network with bus, which is operated according to a query / response protocol, the so-called polling protocol, of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a data communication connection which is operated according to a polling / answering protocol, the so-called polling protocol, is equipped with a central unit and several subscriber units.
  • the bus may contain sections which consist of point-to-point connections which are not bus-capable per se, and the stations can be connected to or disconnected from the bus via bus interface units assigned to them.
  • this known data communication connection which emulates a bus in a communication network with control and satellite stations, it is possible to set up a communication network of bus size of any size.
  • HDLC High Level Data Link Control
  • bus systems are their sensitivity to line interruptions. With a simple interruption, all participants at the far end of the bus can no longer be reached.
  • This provides a simple and reliable solution that also makes an existing bus-shaped communication network fail-safe.
  • the communication elements are basically equipped with a connection port for connection to the higher and the lower hierarchical level
  • the communication elements used in the third highest hierarchy level C are equipped with an interface to the higher hierarchy level B that can be switched in the active direction and an interface to the lower hierarchy level D
  • the bus is formed by communication elements of the second and third highest hierarchical levels B and C, the bus being terminated at both ends by a communication element of the second highest hierarchical level B, the bus at the connection points of the bus participants is divided into sections, the connection points of the bus participants are provided with an east connection point and a west connection point, the communication elements of the higher hierarchy level B are each connected to a section of the bus, the communication elements of the lower hierarchy level C are each connected to two sections of the bus, and a
  • Part of the bus runs between the west and east junctions of two communication elements.
  • the coding of the signal to be transmitted is used on the bus in such a way that detection of the availability of the transmission path is possible at the connection points of the bus participants, ' at least one connection point is provided via signaling loops to be informed of all error situations on the bus, to prevent the propagation of error situations via the bus via control logic or to ensure stable separation of the transmission path at the storage locations, the connection points of the bus subscribers can be switched over via an interface switch so that data communication is maintained, and global addressing of all bus subscribers is provided for synchronization purposes.
  • the communication elements control the control logic and the interface switch appropriately depending on the detected availability of the transmission path by means of a suitable control method, and that the communication elements of the second highest hierarchical level B are able to connect to them using the suitable control method to be controlled in such a way that it is possible to switch between active requests / responses, polling, and monitoring, monitoring, of the bus.
  • the communication elements of the second and third hierarchy levels B and C are connected by the secured bus, to which a communication element of the first hierarchy level A is connected and to the
  • Communication elements of the second hierarchy level B is connected, and via which a suitable switching method enables communication between the communication elements of the second hierarchy level B, an exchange of
  • Information about the accessibility of communication elements in the third hierarchy level C is given via the communication elements of the second hierarchy level B, and the communication elements of the second hierarchy level B by means of a suitable switching method telegrams to the third
  • Hierarchy level C are able to be redirected so that they deviate from the specified addressing path via a possible replacement path.
  • the communication elements of the second and third hierarchical levels B and C are connected by the secure bus to which one Communication element of the first hierarchy level A is connected, by means of which information of the communication elements of the second hierarchy level B about the accessibility of communication elements in the third hierarchy level C is evaluated in order to use a routing method to modify logical addressing paths of telegrams to the third hierarchy level C so that the physical Accessibility is ensured.
  • the routing method also converts telegrams from the third hierarchy level C from a physical path to a logical path.
  • the logical addressing path for communication elements of the third hierarchy level C is routed via a communication element terminating the bus between the second and third hierarchy levels B and C.
  • a control method ensures that, if a communication element in the second hierarchical level B, via which the addressing path is routed, fails, possible physical substitute paths are used while maintaining the logical addressing path.
  • FIG. 1 schematically in a block diagram the communication network with fail-safe bus according to the invention, example of an arrangement with four hierarchy levels.
  • Fig. 1 the structure of a hierarchical communication network with four levels A, B, C and D is shown schematically.
  • the communication element KE AI in the hierarchy level A is connected to communication elements KE B1 and KE B2 in the hierarchy level B via a bus 1.
  • This bus can be implemented in practice, for example, by a RS485 bus known in practice.
  • the three communication elements KE Cl, KE C2 and KE C3 shown are participants on the secured bus, which is terminated by the communication elements KE Bl and KE B2.
  • the data flowing on the bus can be encoded, for example, in accordance with CCITT G.703 using an HDLC-NRM protocol. All communication elements of hierarchy level C have a logical address path via the communication element KE Bl.
  • the communication element KE AI in hierarchy level A is communicatively connected to an operating point 2 on the side facing away from bus 1. This connection is possible via the second highest hierarchical level B, the third highest C up to the fourth hierarchical level D.
  • this hierarchy level three communication elements KE D1, KE D2 and KE D3 are arranged, of which communication element KE Dl with communication element KE Cl, communication element KE D2 with communication element KE C2 and communication element KE D3 with communication element KE C3 is communicatively connected.
  • this structure shown includes that the communication elements are always included are each equipped with a connection port for connection to the higher and lower hierarchical levels. Those used in the second highest hierarchy level B.
  • Communication elements KE Bl and KE B2 are equipped with an interface that can be switched in the active direction to the lower C and an interface to the higher hierarchical level A.
  • the communication elements KE Cl, KE C2 and KE C3 used in the third highest hierarchy level C have an interface that can be switched in the active direction to the higher hierarchy level B and an interface to the lower one
  • Hierarchy level D When operating in the second highest hierarchical level B, the communication elements in the direction of the lower hierarchical level C are operated with a permanently set activated interface, for example KE Bl.
  • the communication elements KE Bl, KE B2, KE Cl, KE C2 and KE C3 in the second and third highest Hierarchy levels B and C are all with a connection point W and O, ie West junction and East junction.
  • Communication element KE AI is referred to as a router, since it builds a routing table based on information it receives from the communication elements KE B1 and KE B2. This routing table is used to modify or convert logical address paths to physical paths.
  • the communication element KE Bl is called Master West and the communication element KE B2 is called Master East.
  • the communication elements KE Cl, KE C2 and KE C3 are called slaves.
  • the secured bus has the following structure: Master West Bl is connected via its east junction to the west junction of slave Cl connected. Slave Cl is connected via its east junction to the west junction of slave C2. Correspondingly, slave C2 is connected with its east junction to west junction of slave C3. Slave C3 is connected with its east junction to the west junction of master east B2.
  • Master West Bl polls all slaves, i.e. all requests made according to the polling protocol are started by Master West and the answers are also sent to him.
  • Master Ost B2 only has monitoring, i.e.
  • Master West cyclically stores global telegrams in the polling, which are used by the slaves and by Master East to synchronize or reset a clock. All slaves are recognized by Master West and it makes the information it receives available to the router AI.
  • Interruptions in bus 1 lead to error signaling, be it AIS, i.e. Alarm identification sequence, be it KDS, i.e. No data signal at the connection points of the
  • a control logic causes the transmission path to be interrupted in a defined manner.
  • the slaves east of the fault can no longer be reached via Master West.
  • Master West reports this information to the router AI.
  • the interface switch of the slave located east of the fault switches to the other interface.
  • the slaves further east and the master east do not receive any global telegrams. This has the consequence that the above clock expires because it is not reset. This running of the clock leads to a timeout. This timeout causes the slaves concerned to switch to the other interface.
  • the Master East ends its monitor operation and now starts polling in the same way as Master West has previously done.
  • the master east now gives the information about which slaves can be reached via it to the router AI. The router thus knows the physical path through which the respective slaves can be reached.
  • Master East can be put back into monitor mode. This creates a timeout event for the communication elements east of the interruption. This causes the activated interface to be switched. Likewise, the defined one
  • the masters need a further path via the secure bus in addition to the path via communication element AI, the router, to communicate with one another. This is particularly the case if there are interruptions between communication element AI and communication element B1, if this leads as a master, available.
  • a control method is therefore used to ensure that, if a communication element in the second hierarchy level B, via which the addressing path is routed, fails, possible physical replacement paths are used while maintaining the logical addressing path.
  • each master operates a second station with a certain fixed address, for example 254, on the secure bus in monitor mode. It is therefore possible that the two masters can also reach each other via this address. If the master west falls out of the polling of the router, then the router checks whether the master east is available. If this is the case, the Master East will take over from Master West. The router reports Master East instead of Master West as not available, which means that there are no slaves from below
  • Hierarchy levels are affected, since the addressing path always runs via the Master West.
  • the fixed address such as e.g. 254, included.
  • Master East can thus end polling from Master West in order to achieve physical accessibility of the slaves via Master East. If Master West is then available again for the router, the original initial state is restored by putting Master East in monitor mode.
  • the fail-safe bus 1 is the second and third highest by means of communication elements
  • Hierarchy levels B and C are formed, the bus being terminated at both ends by a communication element of the second highest hierarchy level B, namely KE Bl and KE B2.
  • the bus 1 is separated into sections at the connection points of the bus participants, and the connection points of the bus participants are provided with an east connection point and a west connection point.
  • the communication elements KE Bl and KE B2 of the higher hierarchical level B are each one
  • the communication elements KE Cl-3 of the lower hierarchy level C each connected to two sections of the bus and a section of the bus runs between the connection points west and east of two communication elements.
  • Such coding of the signal to be transmitted is used on the bus that detection of the availability of the transmission path is possible at the connection points of the bus participants. Signaling loops make it possible to inform at least one connection point of all error situations on the bus. A control logic prevents the propagation of error situations via the bus or causes a stable separation of the transmission path at the fault points.
  • the connection points of the bus users can be switched over via an interface switch so that data communication is maintained. Global addressing of all bus users is provided for synchronization purposes.
  • the communication elements control the control logic and the interface switch using a suitable control method depending on the detected availability of the transmission path.
  • the communication elements of the second highest hierarchy level B are able to control their connection points by means of the suitable control method, that the bus can be switched between active requests / responses, polling, and monitoring, monitoring.
  • the arrangement designed according to the invention advantageously protects data communication connections with a bus in a hierarchically structured communication network with bus against interruption of sections. This is of particular interest when sections are systematically connected to failures such as. B. fading-prone radio links. The very short reconfiguration time is particularly valuable.
  • a fail-safe bus is thus made available by implementing line redundancy. In this way, the accessibility of communication elements of the third highest hierarchical level, and the subscribers connected to them, is guaranteed from an operating point of the highest hierarchical level even if existing communication paths have interruptions or malfunctions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une liaison de communication de données dans un réseau de communication hiérarchique à bus, fonctionnant selon le protocole d'appel sélectif. Dans ce réseau de communication, des éléments de communication sont placés dans plusieurs niveaux échelonnés. Le bus comprend le cas échéant des sections partielles constituées de liaisons point à point sans interface avec le bus. Les éléments de communication sont fondamentalement pourvus chacun d'un point d'accès de raccordement pour permettre une liaison avec les niveaux hiérarchiques supérieurs et inférieurs. Les éléments de communication (KE B1, KE B2) utilisés dans le deuxième niveau hiérarchique (B) sont pourvus d'une interface commutable dans la direction active, vers le niveau hiérarchique inférieur (C) et d'une interface vers le niveau hiérarchique supérieur (A). Les éléments de communication (KE C1-3) utilisés dans le troisième niveau hiérarchique (C) sont pourvus d'une interface commutable dans la direction active, vers le niveau hiérarchique supérieur (B) et d'une interface vers le niveau hiérarchique inférieur (D). Lors du fonctionnement dans le deuxième niveau hiérarchique, les éléments de communication en direction du niveau hiérarchique inférieur (C) fonctionnent avec une interface activée, réglée en permanence.
EP98921352A 1997-04-10 1998-03-11 Liaison de communication de donnees dans un reseau de communication hierarchique a bus, fonctionnant selon un protocole demande/reponse, a savoir selon le "protocole d'appel selectif" Withdrawn EP0974215A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19714761A DE19714761A1 (de) 1997-04-10 1997-04-10 Datenkommunikationsverbindung in hierarchischem Kommunikationsnetz mit Bus, die nach einem Abfrage/Antwort-Protokoll, dem sogenannten Polling-Protokoll, betrieben wird
DE19714761 1997-04-10
PCT/DE1998/000710 WO1998045983A2 (fr) 1997-04-10 1998-03-11 Liaison de communication de donnees dans un reseau de communication hierarchique a bus, fonctionnant selon un protocole demande/reponse, a savoir selon le 'protocole d'appel selectif'

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0974215A2 true EP0974215A2 (fr) 2000-01-26

Family

ID=7825975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98921352A Withdrawn EP0974215A2 (fr) 1997-04-10 1998-03-11 Liaison de communication de donnees dans un reseau de communication hierarchique a bus, fonctionnant selon un protocole demande/reponse, a savoir selon le "protocole d'appel selectif"

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0974215A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE19714761A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998045983A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3633550B2 (ja) * 2001-11-28 2005-03-30 日本電気株式会社 データ通信方式、データ通信方法及び局
DE102008050102B4 (de) 2008-10-06 2010-11-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Kommunikationsentität zur Kommunikation über ein busorientiertes Kommunikationsnetzwerk
DE102010042601A1 (de) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Netzwerk

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5122794A (en) * 1987-08-11 1992-06-16 Rosemount Inc. Dual master implied token communication system
DE3736081A1 (de) * 1987-10-24 1989-05-03 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur adresseneinstellung von an einen bus angeschlossenen teilnehmern
DE4133385A1 (de) * 1991-10-09 1993-04-15 Philips Patentverwaltung Hierarchisches netzmanagementsystem
US5317569A (en) * 1992-01-31 1994-05-31 General Electric Co. Alternate path FDDI standard LAN
US5390188A (en) * 1993-08-02 1995-02-14 Synoptics Method and apparatus for measuring and monitoring the performance within a ring communication network

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9845983A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998045983A2 (fr) 1998-10-15
DE19714761A1 (de) 1998-10-15
WO1998045983A3 (fr) 1999-03-11

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