EP1768074A1 - Détection prompte d'incendies - Google Patents

Détection prompte d'incendies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1768074A1
EP1768074A1 EP05108720A EP05108720A EP1768074A1 EP 1768074 A1 EP1768074 A1 EP 1768074A1 EP 05108720 A EP05108720 A EP 05108720A EP 05108720 A EP05108720 A EP 05108720A EP 1768074 A1 EP1768074 A1 EP 1768074A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
sensor unit
alarm
unit
detector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05108720A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Müller
Peter Steiner
Georges Tenchio
Philipp Honegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to EP05108720A priority Critical patent/EP1768074A1/fr
Publication of EP1768074A1 publication Critical patent/EP1768074A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/183—Single detectors using dual technologies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/002—Generating a prealarm to the central station

Definitions

  • Today's fire detectors have in most cases an optical sensor for the detection of scattered light caused by smoke particles or aerosols, so-called scattered-light smoke detectors (see, for example, US Pat EP-A-0 821 330 ), or for the detection of the attenuation caused by smoke particles or aerosols emitted by a light source light beam, so-called Extintechnischsmelder (see, eg EP-A-1 017 034 ), or a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature rise caused by a fire, so-called heat detectors.
  • Other known sensors for the detection of fires are gas sensors, preferably sensors for the detection of CO or NOx.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and efficient solution for the earliest possible detection of a fire to propose.
  • a core of the invention is to be seen in that for detecting a fire and generating a fire alarm, in which at least one fire characteristic monitored by a fire detector containing at least one first sensor unit and an alarm is triggered upon reaching a certain alarm value of at least one fire characteristic, a Another sensor unit is used to monitor a further fire characteristic for the earliest possible fire detection. When an alarm value of the further fire characteristic is reached, an alarm is then generated by an electronic evaluation system.
  • a temperature sensor unit such as, for example, a temperature sensor unit (NTC) with a pulse-shaped heatable resistor and a negative temperature coefficient is used as the further sensor unit.
  • NTC temperature sensor unit
  • any sensor unit can be used for measuring the flow velocity of the air surrounding the fire detector.
  • this is an NTC element, a PTC element, a PT100 element, a micro NTC element (NTC element with low heat capacity) or a similar element.
  • the temperature sensor unit is used to measure the flow velocity of the air flowing around the fire detector. For this purpose, the cooling of the resistor between successive heating pulses is evaluated by an electronic evaluation system. If such an evaluation of the time course of the temperature of the resistance indicates that an early stage of a fire is present, an alarm signal is generated.
  • This evaluation electronics can be a unit of the fire alarm.
  • a big advantage is that the monitoring of the flow velocity enables a very fast detection of a beginning fire.
  • the smoke of a fire generally takes a long time to be detected by the fire detector, which is usually attached to the ceiling of a room.
  • the airflow created by the fire can be registered much earlier.
  • Another advantage is that in exhaust systems by the inventive method with the fire alarm itself, the flow velocity of the fire detector flowing around air are measured and thus the proper operation of the trigger system can be checked.
  • Yet another advantage is that, with the aid of the method according to the invention, open fires, as simulated by the test fires TF4, TF5, TF6 and TF8, can be detected faster or at an earlier stage.
  • the inventive method or with the inventive fire detector can trigger a so-called pre-alarm or a silent alarm.
  • an alarm which is generally directed to the fire brigade
  • an external alarm the z. B. is triggered at high smoke density and is probably directed to the fire department or to a fire control center.
  • the internal alarm makes it possible to extinguish an incipient fire by the domestic staff present. If the immediate extinguishing does not succeed and the fire continues to grow, then an external alarm occurs with the use of the fire brigade. So The number of false alarms can also be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified architecture of a fire detector BM according to the invention.
  • a fire detector BM contains a smoke sensor unit RD for the detection of smoke (fire characteristic) and the measurement of the aerosol concentration (fire characteristic), a temperature sensor unit AD according to the invention for measuring the air flow in the immediate vicinity (further fire characteristic) of the fire detector BM and a temperature Sensor unit TD for measuring the temperature at the location of the fire detector BM.
  • the fire detector is formed only from the inventive temperature sensor unit AD and one of said sensor unit, ie smoke sensor unit RD or temperature sensor unit TD.
  • the sensors mentioned are connected to an evaluation electronic unit or evaluation unit AE which has a first output EA for an alarm or external alarm and a second output IA for a pre-alarm or internal alarm, referred to below as a silent alarm.
  • the two exits IA and EA are connected to optical and / or acoustic alarm displays of the fire detector BM and to a communication connection connecting the fire detector BM to a control center.
  • Said communication connection can be formed by a line, in particular a bus, or by a radio link be.
  • Fire detectors of this type are known except for the flow sensor AD and the second output IA for the silent alarm.
  • EP-A-0 821 330 Scattered light smoke detector
  • EP-A-1 017 034 Extinlementsmelder
  • EP-A-1 298 617 Heat detectors
  • EP-A-0 654 770 Multi-criteria detector stray light + heat
  • EP-A-0 803 850 Multi-criteria detector stray light + heat + fire gas
  • the flow velocity of the air flowing around the fire detector BM is now measured, for example, in a temperature sensor unit AD with pulse-shaped heatable resistor and negative temperature coefficient such that an evaluation of the cooling of the resistor between successive heating pulses.
  • Another method according to the invention could be that the deviation of the temperature from a constantly heated temperature sensor unit is determined and based on this gradient the flow velocity of the air flowing around the fire detector BM can be determined.
  • the flow rate is determined in both methods from the measured values of the temperature sensor unit AD in the evaluation unit AE and based on the result either a silent alarm or internal alarm IE or an external alarm EA is output to the fire brigade.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary diagram for a pulsed heating of an NTC according to the method according to the invention described in FIG. 1 and the associated calculated measuring curves for determining the flow velocity v of the air surrounding the fire detector.
  • the upper part of the diagram shows the constant heating power pulse on the NTC with a duration of 1 second and the lower part of the diagram shows the voltage curve V (t) over the NTC, which shows the NTC characteristic associated with its temperature.
  • V (t) shows the NTC characteristic associated with its temperature.
  • the voltage V rises steeply and then drops at different speeds depending on the air speed.
  • a constant power pulse is assumed. This is generated by a constant voltage, a current measurement and a pulse length adjustment, which is achieved for example by software until P const is satisfied.
  • P th (TT E ) / R th with R th the thermal resistance following King's Law
  • R th 1 / (a + b * v n ) with n about 0.5.
  • the air temperature rises very quickly.
  • the measured curves may differ from the measured curves calculated in this example in that, for example, the decay of the temperature is low.
  • the unheated NTC measures the temperature of the surrounding air in shorter time intervals than its heating takes place. Knowing the exact temperature increase of the air, its influence on the cooling of the NTC by the air flow can be compensated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP05108720A 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Détection prompte d'incendies Withdrawn EP1768074A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05108720A EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Détection prompte d'incendies

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05108720A EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Détection prompte d'incendies

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1768074A1 true EP1768074A1 (fr) 2007-03-28

Family

ID=35601840

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05108720A Withdrawn EP1768074A1 (fr) 2005-09-21 2005-09-21 Détection prompte d'incendies

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1768074A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2320397A1 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-11 Honeywell International Inc. Capteur d'incendie et procédé de détection de feu
CN113192284A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-30 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 一种特种飞机火警控制方法
CN114005242A (zh) * 2021-11-18 2022-02-01 广州婉迪科技有限公司 一种基于物联网的火灾自动报警装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5376924A (en) * 1991-09-26 1994-12-27 Hochiki Corporation Fire sensor
EP0654770A1 (fr) 1993-11-22 1995-05-24 Cerberus Ag Dispositif pour la détection précoce des incendies
EP0803850A1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-10-29 Cerberus Ag Système d'avertissement d'incendie
EP0821330A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1998-01-28 Cerberus Ag Détecteur de fumée
US5917417A (en) * 1993-07-30 1999-06-29 Girling; Christopher Smoke detection system
EP1017034A2 (fr) 1998-09-14 2000-07-05 Siemens Building Technologies AG Dispositif de détection de fumée selon le principe d'extinction et procédé de compensation de la dérive de température
JP2001250175A (ja) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-14 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 火災検知システム及び警報器
EP1298617A2 (fr) 2001-09-21 2003-04-02 Hochiki Corporation Détecteur d'incendie
GB2394043A (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-14 Stephen Henry Ellwood Air sampling system
DE10251891A1 (de) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-22 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Strömungsgrößen sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Vorrichtung

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5376924A (en) * 1991-09-26 1994-12-27 Hochiki Corporation Fire sensor
US5917417A (en) * 1993-07-30 1999-06-29 Girling; Christopher Smoke detection system
EP0654770A1 (fr) 1993-11-22 1995-05-24 Cerberus Ag Dispositif pour la détection précoce des incendies
EP0803850A1 (fr) 1996-04-22 1997-10-29 Cerberus Ag Système d'avertissement d'incendie
EP0821330A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1998-01-28 Cerberus Ag Détecteur de fumée
EP1017034A2 (fr) 1998-09-14 2000-07-05 Siemens Building Technologies AG Dispositif de détection de fumée selon le principe d'extinction et procédé de compensation de la dérive de température
JP2001250175A (ja) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-14 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 火災検知システム及び警報器
EP1298617A2 (fr) 2001-09-21 2003-04-02 Hochiki Corporation Détecteur d'incendie
DE10251891A1 (de) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-22 Wagner Alarm- Und Sicherungssysteme Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Strömungsgrößen sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Vorrichtung
GB2394043A (en) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-14 Stephen Henry Ellwood Air sampling system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2320397A1 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-11 Honeywell International Inc. Capteur d'incendie et procédé de détection de feu
CN102054322A (zh) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-11 霍尼韦尔国际公司 火灾传感器和火灾检测方法
CN102054322B (zh) * 2009-10-28 2015-02-25 霍尼韦尔国际公司 火灾传感器和火灾检测方法
CN113192284A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-30 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 一种特种飞机火警控制方法
CN114005242A (zh) * 2021-11-18 2022-02-01 广州婉迪科技有限公司 一种基于物联网的火灾自动报警装置
CN114005242B (zh) * 2021-11-18 2023-03-31 罗定市宝捷电子有限公司 一种基于物联网的火灾自动报警装置

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