EP0801984B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0801984B1
EP0801984B1 EP97111103A EP97111103A EP0801984B1 EP 0801984 B1 EP0801984 B1 EP 0801984B1 EP 97111103 A EP97111103 A EP 97111103A EP 97111103 A EP97111103 A EP 97111103A EP 0801984 B1 EP0801984 B1 EP 0801984B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
granular material
grain
cleaning
scouring
moist
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97111103A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0801984A1 (de
Inventor
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP0801984A1 publication Critical patent/EP0801984A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0801984B1 publication Critical patent/EP0801984B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B02B1/02—Dry treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B02B1/08—Conditioning grain with respect to temperature or water content
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B02B1/04—Wet treatment, e.g. washing, wetting, softening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B3/00—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B5/00—Grain treatment not otherwise provided for
    • B02B5/02—Combined processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
    • B02C9/02—Cutting or splitting grain

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for scrubbing and grinding preparation of grain, especially all wet and dry stages of cleaning and wetting before being stored temporarily in holding cells.
  • the grain of grain basically has a triple shell structure.
  • the outermost Shell consists of epidermis, longitudinal cells, transverse cells and tubular cells, which make up about 5.5% of the whole grain.
  • a middle double layer follows, the so-called Dye layer as well as a colorless layer, for which about 2.5% of the grain Is accepted.
  • the innermost layer is 7% of the grain weight and is called Aleron layer called.
  • a known problem area at the Production of wholemeal, dark and light flours as well as haze and semolina represents the plant germ because the germ has a high fat content.
  • the germ is one Part of value, and is suitable, for example, for the extraction of oil.
  • CH-PS No. 640 750 which corresponds to the preambles of independent claims 1 and 7, the applicant itself, as it were, as middle way suggested 6-10% of the grain, or 50-60% of the grain shell to peel away the grinding.
  • a device for peeling and cleaning according to EP-A-0 is also known 012790, whose drum shell alternately areas from protruding into the scrubbing room Peeling elements and forced conveyors (peeling blades) for axial movement of the goods to be treated.
  • the drum is surrounded by a sieve.
  • the object of the invention was now to prepare the grinding without disadvantage to improve the grinding, in particular the grain without grain breakage even with larger ones Bring throughput to a high level of purity.
  • the task was also that also a higher constancy of the input parameters that can be influenced for grinding should be made possible.
  • the invention relates to a method for scrubbing and preparing grain for the production, for example, of wholemeal flour, light flour, haze and semolina with the features of independent claim 1.
  • the wheat grain has because of the deep Furrow both concave and convex shapes, with the furrow about 20 - 30% of the whole grain shell.
  • the furrow area in particular can be involved in a work intervention cannot be achieved in the way of rice polishing.
  • the dirt on vegetable grains is the most Surface and, apart from the furrow, never inside the grain.
  • the flour core is in the Sterile principle. If the grain layer is now peeled away, only one is superficial Logic of all dirt and all microbes removed. Because the different Shell layers of the grain with moisture, but especially after 12 to 24 hours Stand out can be removed most effectively, so far has been more intense Peeling either only after standing up or with a multiple Interplay of peeling and moistening performed. It was overlooked that the amount of microorganisms is not a simple question of statistics. Through her own reproductive capacity or doubling, for example within 30 - 60 minutes, with ideal conditions such as nutrient base, warmth and moisture can set a bacterial count above the permissible value within 24 hours. Many microbes actually have optimal reproductive conditions, those with the optimal Condition for grinding preparation.
  • the grain should be cleaned as good as possible first dry and only then with network water to a higher level of moisture and these are brought into contact with the shell.
  • the main part of the dirt substance can be removed in dry cleaning.
  • the number of bacteria, if this is initially increased, is reduced. In one Period of 5 to 120, preferably 10 to 90 minutes of intermediate storage, it can at most, the number of germs doubles.
  • the second wet or damp Cleaning subsequently allows for contamination, be it more persistent Dirt or microbes the maximum possible distance and thus a grain mass to achieve with extremely high purity, so that the subsequent protrusion of the whole grain in the holding cell over 12 to 48 hours without disadvantage according to the can meet optimal grinding requirements in each case.
  • the whole processing process becomes in a first impure sector, as well as a second completely clean sector, starting with the transfer of the cleaned grain to the rest cells, divided. The cleaning is concentrated and with the smallest possible Time spent and completed.
  • the invention also allows a number of particularly advantageous configurations.
  • the grain is preferably subjected to surface processing in the moist or wet cleaning. Part of the outermost grain shell is chafed away and the abrasion is immediately separated from the grain, preferably 0.2 to 2% being chafed away from the grain.
  • the grain is very particularly preferably subjected to a surface scrubbing in dry cleaning, while avoiding the outer grain shells being chafed away. The cleaning is thus returned to what it should be, namely to bring each individual grain as well as the whole grain mass to a higher degree of purity without damage to the grain. Any exposure of the endosperm or breakup of the germ is avoided.
  • the grain is wetted by adding network water, so that the wet or wet, second cleaning can be carried out more efficiently.
  • the shell structure of the grain remains intact with the exception of a part of the outermost shell and protects the endosperm until the first grinding passage.
  • the removal of a part of the outermost shell means that residues of environmental toxins present there can be removed at the same time.
  • only impure parts are removed, so that this impure fraction can be disposed of for special disposal.
  • the rest of the grain i.e. flour core, germ and also bran, are valuable components and can be optimally used for specific recycling.
  • the grain is at least temporarily flowed through by a gaseous medium, preferably via circulating air, in the intermediate depot during the intermediate storage.
  • a gaseous medium preferably via circulating air
  • wet or wet cleaning can be carried out in several or multiple stages.
  • an intermediate storage of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5 minutes is sufficient, which can take place at least partially in a network device.
  • heat, or possibly cold can be brought into the material to cool it down and to bring it to predeterminable values either via the network liquid or via the gaseous medium.
  • the grain moisture is preferably measured after the moist or wet cleaning, compared with a predetermined moisture by computer means and the water addition is corrected by means of appropriate control means. You can set a pre-selectable grinding moisture in this way.
  • the invention further relates to a device for preparing grain for the Production of, for example, flour, haze and semolina with the features of independent claim 7.
  • the working elements of the scrubbing rotor are alternately in the circumferential direction as Fields of protruding cams and helical forced conveyors are formed.
  • the scouring jacket has fields of protruding cams, which in protrude from the scrubbing room, with the height of all work elements in the same Order of magnitude like the free distance (rotor clearance) between the working elements e.g. are between 5 and 15 mm.
  • the forced funding is advantageous on support bars arranged, which extends over the essential length of the scrubbing rotor extend and in the area of the inlet preferably designed as a feed screw are.
  • the rotor is designed as a hollow body and the feed screw preferably with a larger screw depth, compared to the forced funding in the subsequent scrubbing room.
  • the working elements can be divided into several, e.g. 6 to 10 on the rotor mountable carrier strips are formed, which are each over the whole Extend rotor length and corresponding cam fields and / or forced funding exhibit.
  • the rotor can alternate in the circumferential direction at least 3, preferably each 4 longitudinally extending fields of cams and forced funding exhibit.
  • the scouring coat only shows on its entire surface Abrasive elements or can alternate in the circumferential direction e.g. 3 or 4 each Have sieve and scouring sections.
  • the scouring coat can be made of stationary, circular sieve sections as well as fields of cams that act against the rotor are deliverable or adjustable, the tight packing of the grain layer is preferably generated by an adjustable, preferably controllable flap.
  • the so-called raw fruit 1 is made available for processing via a distribution conveyor 2 into the respective raw fruit cells 3, 3 'to 3 IV etc.
  • the raw fruit is only partially or not cleaned grain.
  • the grain is usually freed of the coarsest contaminants by sieves and aspirations without having to clean the individual grains.
  • the raw fruit cells are also used to provide various types of grain, which are subsequently mixed together via quantity regulators 4 according to the preselected quantity and percentages via a collecting screw 5.
  • the raw fruit mixture is then lifted over an elevator 6 and fed via a scale 7 into the first pre-cleaning stage 8 of dry cleaning, which is a combination of a size classification in the upper part and a weight classification in the lower part, as described, for example, in EP-PS No.
  • the raw fruit is introduced via an inlet 9 of the pre-cleaning stage 8, whereby larger foreign constituents, so-called scrolls, are separated via an outlet 11, fine sand is discharged, 12 stones are discharged via the outlet, and 13 fine dust is removed via an exhaust line.
  • the grain is subsequently via a connecting line 14 or. 14 'fed into an interior 15. Most foreign seeds such as round grains and long grains, oat barley, sweet peas, etc. can also be used to read out raden and broken grain.
  • the main grain is fed as the main fraction to a dry scrubbing machine 16 via an inlet 17, where an intensive surface cleaning of each individual grain takes place for the first time.
  • the dry abrasion is carried away via a collecting funnel 18 and a discharge line 19.
  • the grain is freed of loose shells and all scouring abrasion in a tarar 20 and continuously fed into a network device 22 via a conveyor 21 as dry cleaned goods.
  • the network device 22 can be of any type, it is important that a regulating device 23 can be used to add a quantity of network water that can be precisely determined via a computer 24 via a corresponding network water line 25.
  • steam can also be used to wet the grain via a steam feed line 26.
  • the network device can be implemented in accordance with the proposal in Swiss Patent 686 229, to which reference is made in full here.
  • the network device 22 has a drive motor 28, an entry conveyor 29 and a network chamber 30 with acceleration rotors 31 rotatably mounted therein.
  • the freshly wetted grain is then stored in an intermediate depot for 40 to 120 minutes. After a preselectable time, the grain is transferred to a wet or wet scrubbing machine 42 via a discharge metering device 41, with 0.2 to 2% being scrubbed away from the grain, depending on the task, the scouring dust also being carried away directly above the collecting funnel 43 here.
  • a further interesting design idea is that an additional treatment can be carried out in the intermediate depot 40 with conditioned air 44 via an air treatment 45 with controlled temperature and air humidity, preferably in recirculation mode.
  • a shifting device could also be assigned to the intermediate depot 40, but it is preferably used in continuous operation.
  • the grain temperature is determined by a probe 47, as is the effective grain moisture after cleaning, which is measured, for example, by a microwave measuring unit 50. Both values are fed to the computer 24 via a data bus system 51, which also coordinates all operations on the basis of higher-level specifications.
  • the grain can be heated to a constant temperature of 20'C and cooled if necessary. With the entire device, a corresponding correction can now be made in the case of alternating moisture in the grinding grain after the wet or wet cleaning above the actual moisture value, a comparison with a desired value either via the air treatment 45 or via the network device 22. Until then, all process steps within the unclean sector UR had been carried out with the shortest possible residence time of at most two hours.
  • the grinding grain which has now been cleaned and wetted to the highest standards, is subsequently transferred to the mill side, which is a clean sector R, and a further elevator 60 is used to store a distribution conveyor 61 in a preselectable stand-up cell 62 to 621V, in which the grain is now, for example, for 12 to 24 hours.
  • the grinding grain is then fed via a flow control device 70, a horizontal conveyor 71 and an elevator 72 to a further network device 73, only 0.1 to 0.5% of water being added, for example, to moisten the surface of the grain.
  • the mill input power is recorded with the so-called bi-scale 75 and transferred to the first grinding stage or the first grinding roller mill 77 via a safety magnetic separator 76. Thereafter, the grinding products are obtained in a manner known per se using the system of high-level milling.
  • FIGS. 3, 3a and 3b each show a section through a grain of grain known per se shown.
  • the grain mainly consists of the flour core 80, the aleurone layer 81, a seed husk 82 and a fruit husk 83, also from a seedling 84.
  • the special characteristic of wheat is the so-called furrow 85, which account for 20 and more percentages of the different layers 81-83 includes.
  • FIG. 4 shows a combined machine, the dry scrubbing machine 16 and the network device 22 are combined as an assembly as in FIG. 1. Out FIG. 4 also shows that the two units also have a control and regulating unit exhibit. Both the degree of abrasion and the value can be the network can be controlled according to specifications.
  • the scrubbing machine has a working housing 100, with an inlet 101 and an outlet 102 for the cleaned grain. Inside the working case 100 is a cylindrical one Scouring jacket 103 arranged in a fixed position, being within the scouring jacket 103 is a rotor 105 which is rotatable about an axis and which is on both End sides stored in bearings 106 and from a drive motor 28 via a Belt overdrive 107 is driven.
  • the working housing 100 also has on both sides Control and service doors 108 and opens in the middle part into the collecting funnel 18, via which the scrubbing drive can be removed.
  • the scouring jacket 103 exists from sieve sections 109 and rasp surfaces 110, the rasp surfaces preferably against the rotor 105 are adjustable or adjustable, for setting the effective working gap between the rotor 105 and 110.
  • the rasp surfaces preferably against the rotor 105 are adjustable or adjustable, for setting the effective working gap between the rotor 105 and 110.
  • FIG and the example shown in FIG Abrasion sections resp. Rasp surfaces 110 so that the abrasion is immediate after its formation immediately through the sieve sections from the work space 111 Will get removed.
  • the rotor 105 in turn is constructed in 4 parts, with each rasp surface 112 and funding 113, with the exception of an inlet section, in the work room 111 are arranged alternately.
  • the funding 113 extend over the entire length of the work space 111 and are by appropriate, on the whole Circumferential distributed auger elements 114 added, and form in the area of the inlet 101, a feed screw 115.
  • a Backflow flap 117 attached, for the simplest of cases by sliding weights 118 is adjustable for a particular peeling intensity.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment with multiple wet or Wet scrubbing.
  • the network device 22 'or 22' has a corresponding enlarged net chamber 30 'or 30 "to ensure a Water exposure time from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5 minutes.
  • the grain is during intermediate storage due to mechanical impact and friction and gradually prepared. This makes it possible to do exactly that to remove the desired proportion of the shell, which is for the ground products to be obtained is optimal.
  • the water content is exiting the Net chamber 30 "measured and via a control device 23" to the desired Brought value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP97111103A 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide Expired - Lifetime EP0801984B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4326836A DE4326836C2 (de) 1993-08-10 1993-08-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide
DE4326836 1993-08-10
EP94922215A EP0662864B1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum scheuern und mahlvorbereiten von getreide

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94922215A Division EP0662864B1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum scheuern und mahlvorbereiten von getreide
EP94922215.2 Division 1995-02-16

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0801984A1 EP0801984A1 (de) 1997-10-22
EP0801984B1 true EP0801984B1 (de) 2000-05-03

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EP94922215A Expired - Lifetime EP0662864B1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum scheuern und mahlvorbereiten von getreide
EP97111103A Expired - Lifetime EP0801984B1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide

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EP94922215A Expired - Lifetime EP0662864B1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum scheuern und mahlvorbereiten von getreide

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US5650018A (zh)
EP (2) EP0662864B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3308539B2 (zh)
KR (2) KR100275666B1 (zh)
CN (2) CN1065452C (zh)
AT (2) ATE192354T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9405550A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ289974B6 (zh)
DE (4) DE4326836C2 (zh)
DK (2) DK0662864T3 (zh)
ES (2) ES2146440T3 (zh)
GR (2) GR3029941T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT801984E (zh)
RU (1) RU2076779C1 (zh)
SK (1) SK282033B6 (zh)
UA (1) UA32568C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995004595A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2269739A1 (de) 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Bühler AG Verfahren zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide
WO2011141257A1 (de) 2010-04-15 2011-11-17 Bühler AG Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von mehl

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DE10300295A1 (de) * 2003-01-02 2004-07-15 Bühler AG Verfahren und Anlage zur Reinigung von Getreide
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CN102500446B (zh) * 2011-10-31 2013-11-06 王洪福 一种玉米干法加工工艺及装置
CN104138777A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-11-12 安徽年康面业有限责任公司 一种玉米面粉的加工工艺
WO2016204308A1 (ko) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-22 유미원 주식회사 기류식 분쇄장치
CN105710744A (zh) * 2016-03-11 2016-06-29 德清县新高凌不锈钢材料有限公司 磨料机
CN106179563B (zh) * 2016-07-08 2019-04-05 北京水木源生物科技有限公司 一种胚芽分离工艺
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CN111185252B (zh) * 2020-01-16 2021-04-20 浙江恒天粮食股份有限公司 一种不同蛋白含量的小麦粉的制粉方法及碾麦装置
CN112452387A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-03-09 宿州市金海面粉有限责任公司 一种小麦面粉生产系统及其生产工艺
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2269739A1 (de) 2009-07-01 2011-01-05 Bühler AG Verfahren zur Mahlvorbereitung von Getreide
EP3009191A1 (de) 2009-07-01 2016-04-20 Bühler AG Verwendung von mit einem verfahren zur mahlvorbereitung von getreide erhaltenen nahrungsfasern
WO2011141257A1 (de) 2010-04-15 2011-11-17 Bühler AG Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von mehl

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GR3034080T3 (en) 2000-11-30
US5650018A (en) 1997-07-22
DK0662864T3 (da) 1999-09-27
EP0662864B1 (de) 1999-03-17
DE4326836A1 (de) 1995-03-02
JPH08501984A (ja) 1996-03-05
KR100275665B1 (ko) 2000-12-15
CN1065452C (zh) 2001-05-09
CZ289974B6 (cs) 2002-05-15
ATE177663T1 (de) 1999-04-15
CN1178752C (zh) 2004-12-08
DE4326836C2 (de) 2002-06-20
KR950703408A (ko) 1995-09-20
PT801984E (pt) 2000-10-31
ATE192354T1 (de) 2000-05-15
SK282033B6 (sk) 2001-10-08
DE59407961D1 (de) 1999-04-22
DE59409331D1 (de) 2000-06-08
DE4345422C2 (de) 2002-09-12
ES2130437T3 (es) 1999-07-01
RU95109934A (ru) 1996-07-10
WO1995004595A1 (de) 1995-02-16
SK49095A3 (en) 1995-11-08
CZ90895A3 (en) 1995-12-13
CN1117273A (zh) 1996-02-21
JP3308539B2 (ja) 2002-07-29
RU2076779C1 (ru) 1997-04-10
ES2146440T3 (es) 2000-08-01
CN1269264A (zh) 2000-10-11
DK0801984T3 (da) 2000-09-25
UA32568C2 (uk) 2001-02-15
EP0662864A1 (de) 1995-07-19
GR3029941T3 (en) 1999-07-30
BR9405550A (pt) 1999-09-08
KR100275666B1 (ko) 2000-12-15
EP0801984A1 (de) 1997-10-22

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