EP0791084B1 - Anordnung und verfahren zum elektrophoretischen emaillieren nach dem 2 schichten-1 brand-verfahren - Google Patents
Anordnung und verfahren zum elektrophoretischen emaillieren nach dem 2 schichten-1 brand-verfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0791084B1 EP0791084B1 EP96931069A EP96931069A EP0791084B1 EP 0791084 B1 EP0791084 B1 EP 0791084B1 EP 96931069 A EP96931069 A EP 96931069A EP 96931069 A EP96931069 A EP 96931069A EP 0791084 B1 EP0791084 B1 EP 0791084B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- processing bath
- bath
- enamel
- rinsing
- workpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/02—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for electrophoretic enamelling the 2-layer-1 fire process with a process bath for basic enamel application, at least one subsequent rinsing bath before a process bath for the cover enamel application with at least one subsequent rinsing bath and a stoving oven.
- the invention further relates to a method for enamelling in the above. Arrangement.
- ETE electrophoretic enamelling plant
- 2-layer-1 fire method It is well known to metal parts in an electrophoretic enamelling plant (ETE) to be enamelled using the 2-layer-1 fire method.
- ETE electrophoretic enamelling plant
- Such System is usually with two process baths, several rinsing baths and one Process furnace equipped.
- the basic email order is placed in the first process bath. It then connect two rinsing baths, with the first rinsing bath being physically more adherent Slurry is rinsed off. This can be done via an enamel recovery system be fed back to the first process bath.
- the cover email After in a second If the rinsing bath is rinsed again, the order follows in a further process bath the cover email. This is usually followed by at least one rinsing bath, before the two enamel layers applied are baked together in the process furnace become.
- the Slip component which adjusts the wrap, also separated.
- the amount the email order is proportional to the current and thus also to the current density.
- the current density is not over with irregularly shaped workpieces the entire surface is constant preferably at the points with the greatest current density (edges and curves) difficult and there are increasing enamelling errors.
- From DE-PS 37 07 401 is a method for emailing in white or lighter Color known by the 2 layers - 1 fire method, in order to avoid a special basic enamel frit is selected from enamelling defects must have very special properties.
- the disadvantage of such a method is that only a very specific composition of the basic enamel frit Can be used. The individual percentages of the Ingredients must be determined in previous tests. That requires are a lot of effort when putting together the frit and enamelling errors nonetheless cannot be ruled out at the problem areas of the workpiece to be coated.
- DE-PS 36 26 424 discloses a method for the electrophoretic enamelling of aluminum-free enamel layers.
- the base enamel is applied with a layer thickness of 80 - 120 ⁇ m and the specific conductivity of the cover enamel is set to a value below 2000 ⁇ S / cm -1 .
- this method can only be used for catalytic cover enamel, since, in contrast to white enamel, this only represents an unmelted raw material mixture. This makes the cover email order easier.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of an apparatus and a method for electrophoretic enamelling according to the 2-layer-1 fire process develop in which, regardless of the frit compositions of the basic and cover emails and the shape of the workpieces Cover emails are sent.
- the advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that when retained of the frits previously used creates an enamelled workpiece, which no more enamel defects.
- This is achieved in particular by that an additional process bath between the basic and the cover email order is arranged.
- This process bath contains a solution with a chemical substance, which has a high affinity for aluminum ions.
- This substance is effective
- Aluminum hydroxide goes on and / or goes undissociated with aluminum ions Connection.
- Aluminum is part of the basic email and that's how you are able to take hold of the process in an additional process basin Improve procedures.
- At least one rinse bath in which one is carried over Basic enamel slip or the chemical substance contained in the second process basin be rinsed off again before in a subsequent process the cover email order is placed. It is particularly advantageous if the first Rinsing bath after the basic email order a filter device is coupled in which entrained slip can be separated as a solid. This Slurry is either returned directly to the process pool for the basic email order supplied or disposed of separately. This saves valuable raw materials and the environment is less polluted. It proves to be particularly advantageous if the process bath temperature is kept constant and the substance to reduce the layer resistance of the basic enamel in the additional process bath in one defined constant concentration is present.
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for electrophoretic enamelling after the second Layers 1 fire process shown schematically.
- Each Process bath (1; 3; 5) should preferably have at least 1 rinse bath (2; 4; 6; 7) be subordinate.
- the basic enamel slip (10) is located in the process bath (1), with which the workpiece (9) to be enamelled is coated. Subsequently loosely adhering is rinsed off in the first sink (2) Basic email (10).
- This sink (2) is advantageously a Filter device (12) coupled, which entrained basic enamel slip (10) as Solid deposits. This can completely the first process bath (1) again be fed.
- a conventional filter device (12) Solid filter or a settling tower can be used. Such filter devices (12) allow it, both the collected basic enamel slip (10) and the filtrate feed the corresponding baths (1 or 2) of the arrangement again or separately dispose.
- a process bath (3) adjoins the sink (2) which is an addition of at least one substance, which is the aluminum hydroxide attacks and / or forms undissociated compounds with aluminum ions.
- the chemical substance added to the process bath (3) reduces the electrical one Resistance of the separated enamel bisque. He will be in a subsequent Rinsing bath (4) rinsed off the workpiece (9) again. Then takes place in the last Process bath (5) a cover email order (11), which was pretreated by the corresponding Workpiece (9) can be done very evenly.
- This process bath (5) close at least one, but preferably two rinsing baths (6, 7) before the two enamel layers (10, 11) are baked together in the process furnace (8) become.
- Chemical substances are added to the process bath (3) which are capable of are attacking the aluminum hydroxide or the stable with aluminum ions Can enter into a connection.
- acidic or basic substances are sufficient the requirements, which also react complexly, such as citric acid.
- phosphoric acid is also suitable as Additive to the process bath (3).
- the pH of the bath (3) can range from acidic to alkaline range vary.
- the total phosphate content should be ISO 6878 T1 from 1986 (or according to DIN 38405 - Part 11) larger than 100 mg / l.
- the substance to reduce the Sheet resistance in the process bath (3) in a defined constant concentration is available. Since the process bath temperature is also kept constant only the immersion time in this process bath (3) should define the treatment intensity.
- the diving times should be for each new shape of a workpiece (9) be empirically determined beforehand. There is then the possibility of being different shaped workpieces (9) in an arbitrary order in the enamelling arrangement to send. The diving times are according to a previously made Determination assigned to the respective workpiece (9). The enamelling results are therefore equally good for all shapes of workpieces (9).
- FIG. 2 shows a coated workpiece (9) in which the sheet resistance of the base enamel (10) is not reduced. At the ends of the workpiece (9) less cover enamel (11) is applied due to the increased application of base enamel (10) ( h 1 ⁇ h 2 ), so that there is not sufficient opacity of the cover enamel.
- h 1 denotes the layer thickness of the cover enamel (11) in the edge areas and h 2 the layer thickness of the cover enamel (11) on the straight surfaces.
- FIG. 3 shows an enamelled workpiece (9) in which the sheet resistance of the base enamel (10) has been reduced in a process bath (3) arranged after the process bath (1).
- the electrical layer resistance was reduced by a chemical attack of the enamel bisque.
- the process bath (3) contains substances which react both acid-base-buffering and complexing and / or form compounds which are undissociated with aluminum ions.
- Citric acid or phosphates are particularly suitable as additives in this process bath (3).
- An orthophosphate, for example, must have at least a PO 4 3 content of 100 mg / l in the solution in the process bath (3) in accordance with existing standards (ISO, DIN). By reducing the resistance, an almost even cover enamel application (11) is possible on the entire workpiece.
- This equally thick layer (11) (h 1 ⁇ h 2 ) prevents the base enamel (10) from shimmering through, which is mostly dark due to the adhesive oxides necessarily contained therein.
- the cover enamel (11) adapts continuously to the shape of the base enamel (10). With such an enamelling arrangement, it is irrelevant which shape the workpiece (9) has, whether there are curved edge regions or not
- Figure 4 shows a lifting device (13), for example with the process bath (3) can be coupled.
- a lifting device (13) workpieces (9) of the most varied Leave the shape of the variably set diving times in the bathroom (3).
- treatment times are given for the different workpiece shapes determined empirically, for compliance with a correspondingly controlled operation the lifting device (13) as part of the lifting device (13)
- an air cylinder can be used which is controlled in this way is that he the carrier with the workpiece (9) thereon accordingly raises or lowers.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Darstellung der Anordnung zum elektrophoretischen Emaillieren nach dem 2 Schichten-1 Brand- Verfahren
- Figur 2
- ein mit Grund- und Deckemail beschichtetes Werkstück bei Beibehaltung des elektrischen Widerstandes der Grundemailschicht in Schnittdarstellung
- Figur 3
- ein mit Grund- und Deckemail beschichtetes Werkstück bei Zurücknahme des elektrischen Widerstandes im Grundemail im Schnitt
- Figur 4
- ein schematisch dargestelltes Prozeßbad mit Hebevorrichtung.
Claims (10)
- Anordnung zum elektrophoretischen Emaillieren nach dem 2 Schichten-1 Brand-Verfahren mit einem Prozeßbad zum Grundemailauftrag, mindestens einem nachfolgenden Spülbad vor einem Prozeßbad zum Deckemailauftrag, mit mindestens einem diesem nachfolgenden Spülbad und einem Einbrennofen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß nach dem Prozeßbad (1) mit dem Grundemailschlicker und vor dem Prozeßbad (5) mit dem Deckemailschlicker ein Prozeßbad (3) angeordnet ist, welchem mindestens ein Stoff zugesetzt ist, der Aluminiumhydroxid chemisch angreift, wobei er sauer-basisch-puffernd und komplexierend reagiert und/oder mit Aluminiumionen undissoziierte Verbindungen eingeht. - Anordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß nach dem Prozeßbad (1) mit dem Grundemailschlicker und vor dem Prozeßbad (3) mindestens ein Spülbad (2) und/oder nach dem Prozeßbad (3) und vor dem Prozeßbad (5) mit dem Deckemailschlicker mindestens ein Spülbad (4) angeordnet ist. - Anordnung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Spülbad (2) mit einer Filtereinrichtung (12) verbunden ist. - Anordnung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß dem Prozeßbad (3) eine Hebevorrichtung (13) zum Handhaben der Werkstücke (9) zugeordnet ist. - Verfahren zum elektrophoretischen Emaillieren nach dem 2 Schichten-1 Brand-Verfahren, bei dem ein zu behandelndes Werkstück nach dem Auftrag der Grundemailschicht mindestens einmal gespült wird, bevor der Deckemailauftrag erfolgt und nach erneutem Spülen beide Schichten gemeinsam eingebrannt werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Werkstück nach dem Grundemailauftrag im Prozeßbad (1) und vor dem Deckemailauftrag im Prozeßbad (5) einer Behandlung in einem Prozeßbad (3) unterzogen wird, wobei dieses Prozeßbad (3) mindestens einen chemischen Stoff enthält, welcher sauer-basisch-puffernd und komplexierend reagiert und Aluminiumhydroxid angreift und/oder mit Aluminiumionen undissoziierte Verbindungen eingeht. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 5
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Werkstück nach dem Grundemailauftrag und vor der Behandlung im Prozeßbad (3) und/oder nach der Behandlung im Prozeßbad (3) mindestens einmal gespült wird, bevor der Deckemailauftrag erfolgt. - Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß verschleppter Grundemailschlicker beim Spülen (2) vom Werkstück (9) abgespült und von einer Filtereinrichtung (12) ausgefiltert und dem Prozeßbad (1) wieder zuführt oder separat gesammelt wird und/oder das Filtrat in ein Spülbad (2; 4) oder ein separates Sammelbehältnis geleitet wird. - Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Prozeßbad (3) eine sauer oder alkalisch reagierende Lösung mit komplexierenden Eigenschaften enthalten ist. - Verfahren nach nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Prozeßbad (3) Zitronensäure oder Phosphat enthalten ist. - Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüchen 5 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Prozeßbad (3) eine gleichbleibende Temperatur aufweist und in diesem der chemische Stoff in konstanter, definierter Konzentration enthalten ist und daß die Behandlung des Werkstückes (9) in dem Prozeßbad (3) in einer von seiner Form abhängigen Behandlungszeit erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19533668A DE19533668A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 | 1995-09-13 | Anordnung und Verfahren zum elektrophoretischen Emaillieren nach dem 2-Schichten-1 Brand-Verfahren |
DE19533668 | 1995-09-13 | ||
PCT/EP1996/003974 WO1997010371A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 | 1996-09-11 | Anordnung und verfahren zum elektrophoretischen emaillieren nach dem 2 schichten-1 brand-verfahren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0791084A1 EP0791084A1 (de) | 1997-08-27 |
EP0791084B1 true EP0791084B1 (de) | 2000-03-15 |
Family
ID=7771900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96931069A Expired - Lifetime EP0791084B1 (de) | 1995-09-13 | 1996-09-11 | Anordnung und verfahren zum elektrophoretischen emaillieren nach dem 2 schichten-1 brand-verfahren |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5855754A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0791084B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19533668A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997010371A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7704895B2 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2010-04-27 | Intel Corporation | Deposition method for high-k dielectric materials |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4208262A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1980-06-17 | Shinto Paint Co., Ltd. | Electrodeposition coating |
DE3203101A1 (de) * | 1982-01-30 | 1983-08-04 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Emailschlicker und verfahren zur zwei- und mehrschichtemaillierung in einem brand |
JPH0686674B2 (ja) * | 1985-12-04 | 1994-11-02 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | 電着塗装方法 |
DE3707401A1 (de) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur elektrophoretischen weiss- und farbemaillierung |
US4904365A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1990-02-27 | Trinity Industrial Corporation | Electrodeposition coating facility |
-
1995
- 1995-09-13 DE DE19533668A patent/DE19533668A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-09-11 US US08/817,281 patent/US5855754A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-11 WO PCT/EP1996/003974 patent/WO1997010371A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-09-11 EP EP96931069A patent/EP0791084B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-11 DE DE59604682T patent/DE59604682D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59604682D1 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
DE19533668A1 (de) | 1997-03-20 |
EP0791084A1 (de) | 1997-08-27 |
US5855754A (en) | 1999-01-05 |
WO1997010371A1 (de) | 1997-03-20 |
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