EP0790408A2 - Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0790408A2
EP0790408A2 EP97101842A EP97101842A EP0790408A2 EP 0790408 A2 EP0790408 A2 EP 0790408A2 EP 97101842 A EP97101842 A EP 97101842A EP 97101842 A EP97101842 A EP 97101842A EP 0790408 A2 EP0790408 A2 EP 0790408A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
circuit arrangement
arrangement according
circuit
resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97101842A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0790408B1 (fr
EP0790408A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Bahr
Michael Daetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
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Deutsche Automobil GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Automobil GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Automobil GmbH
Publication of EP0790408A2 publication Critical patent/EP0790408A2/fr
Publication of EP0790408A3 publication Critical patent/EP0790408A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0790408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0790408B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/045—Layout of circuits for control of the dwell or anti dwell time
    • F02P3/0453—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F02P3/0456—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such an ion current measuring circuit is known from US 5483818, which has a differential amplifier connected as an inverting amplifier, for this purpose the low potential side of the secondary winding of the ignition coil is connected via a resistor to the inverting input of the differential amplifier, while a bias voltage of approximately 40 V is applied to its non-inverting input is created.
  • the output is fed back to the inverting input via a resistor and, at the same time, the output signal is fed to a threshold circuit for evaluating the ion current.
  • the further inverting amplifier is constructed in a corresponding manner to the amplifier connected directly to the secondary winding, the output of which is connected via a resistor to the inverting input of the further amplifier and the non-inverting input of which is supplied with the same bias voltage.
  • this known ion current measuring circuit disadvantageously requires a high level of circuitry.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a circuit arrangement for ion current measurement of the type mentioned at the outset which avoids this disadvantage.
  • first and second diverting circuit branches are provided for diverting the ignition current flowing during the burning time of the spark plug, each of which has a semiconductor diode and the second diverting circuit branch is arranged parallel to the inverting amplifier.
  • the main advantage of this solution according to the invention lies in the use of normal semiconductor diodes, so that the problem of high leakage currents does not occur and therefore a complex circuit as proposed in the prior art can be dispensed with.
  • Another advantage that can be achieved with the present invention is a lowering of the value of the measuring voltage below the voltage value of 40 V specified in the prior art.
  • an ignition current measuring resistor is connected in series with the further semiconductor diode, which forms the second discharge circuit branch.
  • the voltage drop occurring at this ignition current measuring resistor can advantageously serve as a measurement signal for the amount of the ignition current during the burning time of the spark plug.
  • This ignition current measurement signal can be used to control the ignition sequence in the event of a secondary ignition.
  • the second diverting circuit branch can preferably be connected to the ground potential of the circuit arrangement via a semiconductor switch which can be controlled by the output of the inverting amplifier, in particular a transistor. This can advantageously increase the current carrying capacity of the differential amplifier.
  • a differential amplifier connected as an inverting amplifier is provided.
  • one input of such a differential amplifier is connected to the low potential side of the secondary winding of the ignition coil, while a reference voltage is supplied to the other input, the value of which corresponds to the measuring voltage and in which the output is connected to the one input via a measuring resistor.
  • the ion current is converted into a voltage serving as a measurement signal, which voltage is then fed to an evaluation.
  • the reference voltage supplied to such a differential amplifier is generated in the simplest way with a constant voltage source.
  • the measuring sections of the spark plugs serving as ion current probes can be connected in parallel, so that the advantage of a low circuit complexity is retained. If, on the other hand, the measuring sections of the spark plugs serving as ion current probes are to be measured completely independently of one another, there may also be multiple circuits whose output signals are then time-multiplexed in a suitable form.
  • a parallel circuit comprising a dissipation resistor and at least one zener diode can be connected in series with the secondary winding in order to rapidly dissipate the energy which is still in the ignition coil or the secondary capacitances after the ignition spark has broken off, so that the ion current measurement can then be carried out without great time delay.
  • two antiserially connected zener diodes can preferably be used instead of only a single zener diode in order to achieve a decay behavior compared to the use of only a single zener diode, the duration of which is shorter and also symmetrical.
  • FIG. 1 shows a transistor ignition system of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine, each with an ignition output stage assigned to a cylinder, each ignition output stage comprising an ignition coil Tr 1 ,..., Tr 4 , a primary winding P 1 ,..., P 4 and a secondary winding S 1 , ... S 4 , and an ignition transistor 1a, ..., 1d connected to the primary winding P 1 , ..., P 4 with associated spark plug Zk 1 , ..., Zk 4 is constructed.
  • the primary windings P 1 , ..., P 4 are connected by their one connection to an on-board battery voltage U B of 12 V, for example, while the other connection is connected to the associated ignition transistor 1a, ..., 1d.
  • the ignition transistors 1a, ..., 1d are controlled via their control electrodes by a circuit 2a for cylinder selection, which in turn is connected to a control circuit 2, which supplies the corresponding ignition trigger pulses for the individual cylinders of this circuit 2a.
  • the figure also shows a control unit 4, which takes over the function of an engine management and in turn controls the control circuit 2.
  • engine parameters such as load, speed and temperature are fed to this control unit 4 via an input E.
  • Corresponding actuators are controlled via outputs A.
  • the secondary windings S 1 , ..., S 4 are each connected with their high-voltage side to the associated spark plug Zk 1 , ..., Zk 4 , while their low potential side are brought together in a circuit node S via a dissipation resistor R 3 .
  • This circuit node S is connected to the input of a differential amplifier 3 connected as a non-inverting amplifier, in that this circuit node S is connected to the inverting input of this differential amplifier 3.
  • a constant reference voltage U ref preferably 20 V
  • This constant reference voltage U ref is fed to the secondary windings S 1 , ..., S 4 via this differential amplifier 3 by means of a measuring resistor R1 fed back to the inverting input, and thus reaches the spark plugs Zk 1 , ... working as ion measuring current paths as the test voltage U test . , Mark 4 .
  • the circuit according to the figure has a first and second diverting circuit branches A1 and A2.
  • the first discharge circuit branch A1 connects the circuit node S to the ground potential of the circuit via a semiconductor diode D 2
  • the second discharge circuit branch A2 consists of a series connection of an ignition current discharge resistor R 2 , a further semiconductor diode D 1 and a pnp transistor T
  • the ignition current measurement resistor R 2 is connected to the circuit node S and the collector electrode of the transistor T is at the ground potential of the circuit.
  • the base electrode of this transistor T is driven by the output of the differential amplifier 3.
  • the first diverting circuit branch A1 serves to derive negative voltage peaks occurring in one of the spark plugs Zk 1 ,... Zk 4 at the moment of a high voltage breakdown.
  • the actual ignition current is derived via the second derivation switching branch A 2 , which can also be constructed without the transistor T, which only serves to increase the current carrying capacity of the differential amplifier 3. If such a transistor T is dispensed with, the cathode of the semiconductor diode D 1 is directly connected to the output of the differential amplifier 3 Connected so that the diverting branch A 2 is connected in parallel to the ion measuring resistor R 1 .
  • the generation of an ignition pulse by the control circuit 2 leads to the activation of the corresponding ignition transistor 1a, ..., 1d.
  • the ignition spark generated in this way on the associated spark plug Zk 1 ,..., Zk 4 leads to a certain burning duration, which is accompanied by an ignition current.
  • This ignition current flows through the low-resistance leakage circuit branch A 2 to a part via the differential amplifier 3 and to another part in accordance with the set operating point of the transistor T to ground potential.
  • This operating point of the transistor T is determined by the output signal U ion of the differential amplifier 3, which, by means of the feedback via the ion measuring resistor R 1, regulates its potential at the inverting input to the U ref potential, which represents the measuring voltage for the subsequent ion current measurement. Overloading of the differential amplifier 3 by the ignition current is thus avoided by using such a transistor T.
  • the measuring voltage for the level of the ignition current could also be tapped at the emitter of the transistor T or with high resistance at the anode of the diode D 1 .
  • the tolerances of the base-emitter voltage of the transistor T or the diode forward voltage of the diode D 1 would then not be included in the measurement come in.
  • Another possibility for generating a measuring voltage for the ignition current is given in FIG. 2 explained below.
  • the residual energy still remaining in the corresponding secondary winding S 1 ,... S 4 or in the secondary capacitances must be rapidly dissipated.
  • the already mentioned dissipation resistor R 3 to which two antiserially connected Zener diodes Z 1 and Z 2 are connected in parallel.
  • Such a parallel connection substantially shortens the duration of the decay after the ignition spark has broken off, so that an ion current measurement which is not impaired by the decay behavior can be carried out immediately thereafter.
  • the value of the dissipation resistance R 3 is preferably chosen so that it corresponds to the value (L sek / C sek ) 1/2 , the quantities L sek and C sek representing the coil inductance or coil and stray capacitances effective on the secondary side.
  • the value of this dissipation resistance R 2 will usually be in the range between 10 k ⁇ and 100 k ⁇ and thus causes the energy to dissipate rapidly.
  • the two Zener diodes Z 1 and Z 2 are necessary to limit the voltage drop occurring across the dissipation resistor R 3 , which would otherwise result in a considerable reduction in the ignition energy.
  • an ignition current of 100 mA at a resistor of 50 k ⁇ would cause a voltage drop of 5000 V.
  • the Zener voltages of the Zener diodes Z 1 and Z 2 are therefore chosen so that there is only a slight reduction in the ignition energy, for example in the amount of 50 V.
  • Zener diodes Z 1 and Z 2 instead of using two Zener diodes Z 1 and Z 2 , it is also possible to provide only the Zener diode Z 2 and to dispense with the Zener diode Z 1 . However, this would make the swing-out behavior asymmetrical and the swing-out period can be extended somewhat. On the other hand, it would be advantageous that the voltage loss in ignition mode would be less than 1 V.
  • Zener diodes are in series with the secondary winding of the ignition coils Tr 1 ,... Tr 4 and the ion current measuring resistor R 1 , their leakage currents have no negative effect in the subsequent ion current measurement.
  • the reference voltage U ref serving as measurement voltage U test is applied by the inverting differential amplifier 3 to the secondary windings S 1 ,... S 4 , which then generates an ion current at the corresponding spark plug.
  • the inverting differential amplifier 3 converts this ion current into a voltage signal U ion , which is now fed to the evaluation unit 5 as a measurement signal of the ion current, the evaluation result of which is then forwarded to the control unit 4.
  • the measuring voltage U test supplied to the secondary windings S 1 , ..., S 4 of the ignition coils Tr 1 , ..., Tr 4 which can be between 5 and 30 V, preferably 20 V, is constant during the entire ion current measurement period. Since the ion current is in the ⁇ A range, a differential amplifier 3 with a low input current is used, which is available inexpensively today.
  • this measuring voltage U test means that there is no need to recharge stray capacitances, as can occur in other known systems when exposed to alternating current, such as, for example, with knocking combustion. This advantage is particularly noticeable when several ion measuring sections are operated in parallel, as shown in the figure, since effective stray capacities can then be multiplied.
  • a further resistor (not shown in the figure) can be provided in the feed line to its inverting input.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of the circuit diagram of Figure 1 with the inverting amplifier connected as a differential amplifier 3 and the associated two Ableitscenszweigen A 1 and A2.
  • the difference from FIG. 1 lies in the wiring of the ignition current measuring resistor R 2 , which is now arranged on the ground side, namely between the collector of the transistor T and the ground potential.
  • the measurement voltage U Zünd which is proportional to the ignition current, is therefore ground-related, which is advantageous for the further use of this measurement signal.
  • the ion current signal can be used to detect the knocking of the internal combustion engine and to set up a corresponding knock control by controlling the ignition timing.
  • Another application is to use the ion current signal both to detect misfires and to detect the camshaft position.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention for ion current measurement can be used not only in transistor ignition systems, as shown in the exemplary embodiment, but also in alternating current ignitions or high-voltage capacitor ignitions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP97101842A 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19605803A DE19605803A1 (de) 1996-02-16 1996-02-16 Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung
DE19605803 1996-02-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0790408A2 true EP0790408A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
EP0790408A3 EP0790408A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0790408B1 EP0790408B1 (fr) 2001-11-14

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EP97101842A Expired - Lifetime EP0790408B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101843A Expired - Lifetime EP0790409B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Système d'allumage électronique pour moteurs à combustion interne

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EP97101843A Expired - Lifetime EP0790409B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Circuit de mesure pour courant ionique dans des dispositifs d'allumages pour moteurs à combustion interne
EP97101844A Expired - Lifetime EP0790406B1 (fr) 1996-02-16 1997-02-06 Système d'allumage électronique pour moteurs à combustion interne

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US (3) US6043660A (fr)
EP (3) EP0790408B1 (fr)
DE (4) DE19605803A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2166479T3 (fr)

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Also Published As

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US5914604A (en) 1999-06-22
US5758629A (en) 1998-06-02
EP0790406A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
EP0790409A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
DE59705316D1 (de) 2001-12-20
US6043660A (en) 2000-03-28
EP0790406B1 (fr) 2003-07-02
EP0790408B1 (fr) 2001-11-14
DE59710592D1 (de) 2003-09-25
DE59710359D1 (de) 2003-08-07
EP0790406A3 (fr) 1999-01-27
ES2166479T3 (es) 2002-04-16
DE19605803A1 (de) 1997-08-21
EP0790408A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0790409A2 (fr) 1997-08-20
EP0790409B1 (fr) 2003-08-20

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