EP0783939B1 - Couteau à lame échangeable - Google Patents

Couteau à lame échangeable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0783939B1
EP0783939B1 EP19970100002 EP97100002A EP0783939B1 EP 0783939 B1 EP0783939 B1 EP 0783939B1 EP 19970100002 EP19970100002 EP 19970100002 EP 97100002 A EP97100002 A EP 97100002A EP 0783939 B1 EP0783939 B1 EP 0783939B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
knife according
abutment
blade
holding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970100002
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0783939A3 (fr
EP0783939A2 (fr
Inventor
Harald Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Berns
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mozart AG
Original Assignee
Mozart AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mozart AG filed Critical Mozart AG
Publication of EP0783939A2 publication Critical patent/EP0783939A2/fr
Publication of EP0783939A3 publication Critical patent/EP0783939A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0783939B1 publication Critical patent/EP0783939B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a knife with an interchangeable blade according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a knife is known from DE 28 39 067 A1 known.
  • the knife known from DE 28 39 067 A1 has a lower half of the grip shell, the base body, and an upper half of the handle, the lid. body and the lid are at their tip facing away from the blade, rear area with each other via a swivel joint connected. So the lid of the main body can be folded away around the swivel, when the longitudinally movable snap-off blade is replaced shall be.
  • the knife known from DE 28 39 067 A1 advantageous because it is the front area of the interchangeable blade reliably non-positive, i.e. by clamping, sets, and so a transfer of relative high cutting forces on the material to be cut, what for example for professional carpet knives important is. On the other hand, handling and construction the known knife felt too expensive.
  • this object solved in that the lid in its open position with its front pressure surface against a spring return effect towards the knife blade inwards can be pressed that the lid in its closed position its holding surface under the abutment body with the spring return action to the outside against the Abutment body presses, and that the locking of the Lid in its closed position by frictional connection and / or by a positive locking or plug connection between the rear end of the lid and the rear abutment.
  • the operation of the knife according to the invention when replacing an interchangeable blade is compared to the known knife (DE 28 39 067 A1) very simply:
  • the cover is pressed onto the upper surface Main face of the blade set and with its front Pressure surface against a spring return effect in Down towards the knife blade, i.e. inside, pressed.
  • the spring return action can any axial area of the cover, for example immediately in front of the pressure surface, immediately between the middle holding surface and the Abutment body or e.g. between the rear end area the lid and the rear abutment of the Body.
  • the closed position of the lid brought about by the fact that this along its Longitudinal axis shifted relative to the base body in this way is that each holding surface of the cover the abutment body engages below.
  • This engagement can be non-positive or form-fitting.
  • the lock the lid is in its closed position by frictional connection and / or by a positive Snap or plug connection between the rear end area of the cover and the rear abutment. in the Relation to a later to be described preferred embodiment, this means with regard To put it simply, the following: the lid is placed on the one carrying the interchangeable blade Base body attached, against spring return action pressed down and then while maintaining the pressure movement moved backwards, to secure the closed position of the lid to reach.
  • blade replacement is a very simple one Construction hand in hand, especially in comparison with the through the knife known from DE 28 39 067 A1 the screw-type Toggle screw at the rear end of the Lid can be omitted.
  • the spring return effect arises from Bending of the resilient material Lid along its longitudinal axis.
  • material offers itself POM or PA, also fiber-reinforced.
  • Such a Lid can be designed as a plastic injection molded part be while the main body as a plastic injection molded part or be formed as a metal die-cast part can.
  • Combinatorially or alternatively with respect to one resilient material existing cover can between the front pressure surface of the cover and the Blade and / or between the rear end portion and the rear abutment with a cover which resets the outside Be arranged spring element.
  • a such an outwardly resetting spring element be created that the blade support surface two in Distance between the supports for the lower one Main surface of the blade forms which, from the front Pressure surface of the lid is under pressure, the front one Pressure surface pushing outward compression spring element forms. Accordingly, it can be made of resilient steel strip manufactured interchangeable blade, the edge on two supports on the body side, with the front Pressure surface of the cover depressed so far and thereby be deflected that the potential Sufficient energy of the resiliently bent blade, the holding surface under the abutment body with sufficient spring return effect to the outside to press against the abutment body.
  • a compression spring element e.g. a bow spring, Rubber spring or the like
  • the spring return effect such a compression spring element presses the rear End area high, so that the front pressure surface of the lid, comparable to a double-armed lever, to a certain extent the one that engages under the abutment Hold down as a fulcrum around the upper major surface of the blade is pressed.
  • the lid in the event that a separate resetting Spring element when compressed over a sufficient potential energy, it is also possible to To design the lid as a rigid body, i.e. rigid in the sense that the lid stretches along its Longitudinal axis of rigid body which cannot be flexed by manual force forms.
  • the invention has various closed positions of the cover Opportunities created.
  • Possibilities is that the rear End area one on the rear abutment of the base body sliding sliding surface forms.
  • Another embodiment of the invention sees before that the rear end area and the rear Abutment locking elements are assigned, which in Interlocking interlocking position of the lid. These locking elements can be positive and / or non-positive mesh.
  • rear end area and rear Abutments each represent an inclined flat sliding surface, with both inclined sliding surfaces in the closing direction increase is an increase in the spring return effect been created.
  • Another embodiment of the invention sees before that the sliding or locking surfaces of the rear end region and / or the rear abutment of one Insert are formed, which is interchangeable if necessary.
  • the invention has the possibility created, e.g. in an existing die-cast metal Basic body the rear abutment surfaces on one Training use that is made of a different material, for example from a suitable plastic, consists.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that between the rear Abutment and the rear end area arranged Bow spring, in particular bow steel spring, at the same time as Form locking element, which is the rear end region presses outwards with the spring return action. Including those under the abutment body The holding surface becomes the front pressure surface pressed inward against the blade. At the same time, between Bow spring and rear end of the lid a latching which reaches the closed position of the lid.
  • Bow spring in particular bow steel spring
  • the lid between its front Pressure surface and its rear end area at its has a holding surface on both long sides, which one abutment body on the main body side assigned. Both holding surfaces are expediently located diametrically opposite each other with respect to the longitudinal axis of the lid across from.
  • each holding surface formed by a lid-side holding extension is.
  • the lid is useful with each holding extension approximately across its direction of slide by a body side Guide recess into his Open position can be added to the base body and after Overcoming the spring return effect from the open position slidable into its closed position. In this holding position engages behind each stopping process with its holding surface the body side Abutment body.
  • Another embodiment variant according to the invention consists of training each holding surface evenly.
  • the abutment body can be parallel to the holding surface Show counter surface.
  • a special invention Embodiment exists in this context in that holding surface and counter holding surface are inclined and rise in the closing direction of the lid. So when the lid is in its open position its closed position has been pushed in, lock holding surface and counter holding surface to each other. This can be combined or alternatively with the aforementioned Training between the rear end of the Cover and rear abutment of the body also locking the cover in its closed position can be achieved.
  • the embodiment according to the invention is expedient, according to which Holding surface and counter holding surface in the closed position the lid's limited pivotability with respect one is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the lid allow extending axis of rotation.
  • each holding extension has one end each starting from a longitudinal axis of the cover, at right angles cranked, overlapping the base body laterally, Holding arms is arranged.
  • the invention provides for sliding actuation of the lid before that the outward facing major surface of the lid with two transversely to the longitudinal axis of the Cover extending, facing each other, Sliding actuation surfaces is provided.
  • the latter can expediently be formed by recessed handles, which with respect the longitudinal axis of the lid at an axial distance from one another are arranged.
  • This embodiment allows it that the cover in the area of the axial distance between the handle recesses an un weakened material bridge between the two diametrically opposite Holding surfaces or holding processes forms, whereby the Transfer of a sufficiently large spring return effect is guaranteed.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment accordingly the invention is characterized in that one of the two holding extensions a hinge element one with its hinge axis parallel to Hinge connection extending along the longitudinal axis of the cover forms between the lid and base body, the Hinge connection in the open position of the cover Movement in the closing direction permitted.
  • the invention further provides that the base body has a hinge pin, the axial Length by a displacement along the sliding direction is greater than the axial width of the hinge element forming appendage.
  • the invention also provides for the hinge pin to form-fit the basic body.
  • the holding extension forming the hinge element the hinge pin hook-shaped or with a Carrying shell and one of its own resilient Clamping arm snaps around. Accordingly used the invention either a hook hinge or such Hinge on which the lid with the two self-resilient clamping arms radially on the hinge pin can be snapped on.
  • the present invention preferably with interchangeable Single blades, e.g. with trapezoid blades, hook blades etc.
  • the blade on the body by means at least one free from the blade support surface excellent, the blade thickness protruding towards the lid Retaining pin is what is in itself is known.
  • Such a Holding pin is suitably designed so that it the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cutting work Knife occurring cutting reaction forces essentially can transfer completely.
  • the invention Lid essentially ensures that the knife blade secure on or on the holding pin and To prevent lateral movement of the blade.
  • the lid has an alternative design either from back to front or from front to back can be moved into its closed position the invention as a preferred embodiment that the lid away from the tip of the blade back in its closed position is displaceable. If So the work hand pulling the knife handle body encloses, the lid is surrounded by the Operating hand automatically in its closed position pulled in, with which an incorrect operation largely is excluded.
  • the blade support surface two at a distance from each other arranged supports for the lower main surface of the Blade forms which, from the front pressure surface of the lid, the front pressure surface forms outward pushing spring element.
  • the invention has spring elasticity a band steel blade is used to the Cover in his at the same time securing the blade Hold closed position.
  • blade support surface two are parallel to the slide direction extending straight from the inner surface of the base body transverse to the main surface of the blade to this protruding axial projections, which the two represent approximately linear supports.
  • the front pressure surface of the Cover the top major surface of the blade approximately linear pressure-loading rib, which is parallel to the two linear supports extends so that in the closed position of the lid Blade along its longitudinal axis is approximately shell-like elastic is bent.
  • the moment of resistance of the blade against lateral Forces increased significantly, increasing the accuracy of the Cut, for example in the case of arches or curves Cuts, significantly increased.
  • This can the pressure rib is approximately in the middle between the two Extend supports. A targeted stabilization of the This can cause a blade in the area of its cutting edge that the pressure rib, the cutting edge of the blade facing, off-center between the two supports extends.
  • the knife 10 has a handle body 12 which consists of a base body 13 from a cover 14.
  • the base body 13 forms at the front, i.e. adjacent a blade tip 15, a blade support surface 16 for receiving a knife blade 11 with an approximately trapezoidal shape Basic shape, a so-called trapezoidal blade. Further towards the rear, the base body 13 forms two abutment bodies 17 each with a counter surface 31, which approximately parallel to the direction of the slide Double arrow x of the cover 14 extends.
  • the base body 13 also has a rear Abutment 18 with a flat abutment surface 19.
  • the cover 14 Corresponding to the blade support surface 16 points the cover 14 in its front area one of the blade support surface 16 facing front pressure surface 20 on which against the upper major surface 21 of the blade 11 presses.
  • the rear facing away from the front blade tip 15 End region 22 of cover 14 has a rear Grip body-side abutment 18 with its flat Abutment surface 19 facing flat sliding surface 23 on.
  • the abutment body 17 go in front in the guide body 24 over, the axial guide surfaces 25 with corresponding Axial guide surfaces 26 in the front Cooperate area of the lid 14.
  • the Base body 13 in its rear area axial guide surfaces 27, which with cover-side axial guide surfaces 28 interact.
  • the lid 14 forms one on each long side right-angled, the base body 13 laterally downward overlapping arm 34, which carries a holding extension 29 at each end. This is up with one each, i.e. outward, pointing Holding surface 30 provided, which according to each counter face 31 of each abutment body pointing downwards 17 engages.
  • the lid 14 is with its respective holding arm 34 with holding extension 29 approximately transverse to its sliding direction x through the body side Guide recess 33 through to an open position can be added to the base body 13.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the open position the lid 14, but this is already with the pressure P exerted by the working hand down pressed so that the longitudinal axis of the lid 14 of the bending line LB follows.
  • a shift along the slide direction x in the S direction has not yet occurred, as especially the axial distances between the holding surface 30 and the counter surface 31 and between the Abutment 18 and the rear end portion 22 show.
  • the front pressure surface 20 of the Cover 16 still on the rear end of the blade 11, as shown schematically in FIG. 5.
  • Lid 14 is shown schematically in Fig. 4.
  • the prestressed cover 14 is of the hand pressure force P relieved.
  • the lid 14 presses with its holding surfaces 30 with spring return effect FR on his both long sides from below against the counter surfaces 31.
  • the pre-tensioned cover presses 14 with spring return action FR by means of its front Pressure surface 20 on the upper main surface 21 of the interchangeable blade 11, which in turn with its lower main surface 55 rests on the blade support surface 16.
  • the rear end 22 of the cover 14 presses with spring return action FR by means of its flat sliding surface 23 from above onto the rear abutment 18, which is there represents the flat abutment surface 19. Between Surfaces 23 and 19 provide the spring return effect FR a normal force, which with appropriate friction pairing a fuse between the surfaces 23 and 19 the closed position of the lid 14 guaranteed.
  • Fig. 7 is the relative position already shown in Fig. 5 between the rear abutment 18 and the rear end portion 22 of the lid 14 in the enlarged Section shown.
  • Fig. 8 shows that the rear end portion 22 and the rear abutment 18 each have an inclined flat sliding surface 35, 36 own. Both sliding surfaces 35, 36 rise in the closing direction S with the angle ⁇ . By this arrangement can cause more deflection of the Cover 14, so that a greater spring return effect, be achieved.
  • the rise angle ⁇ is only useful chosen so large that between the surfaces 35, 36 There is self-locking.
  • FIG. 9 shows a modified one compared to FIG. 8 Arrangement according to which the rear abutment 22 with respect the closing direction S in front of his inclined flat sliding surface 36 one with the latter one obtuse angle ⁇ forming inclined abutment side Has locking surface 37.
  • the rear end portion 22 of the Cover 14 forms behind with respect to the closing direction S. its inclined flat sliding surface 35 to abutment-side locking surface 37 parallel locking surface element 38. Closes on the locking surface element 38 with respect to the closing direction S at the back abutment-side inclined flat sliding surface 36 parallel flat stop surface 39. It is imaginable, that the closed position of the cover 14 is reached is when the locking surface element 38 on the locking surface 37 and the flat stop surface 39 on the inclined Sliding surface 36 bear.
  • Fig. 10 shows that holding surface 30 and counter-holding surface 31 are inclined and rise in the closing direction S. It is conceivable that a pressure P is first applied must be before the lid 14 in the closing direction S is shifted to the left so that the inclined Holding surface 30 the counter holding surface inclined at the same angle 31 can reach under. The two contiguous inclined surface 31, 30 complicate a Displacement of the lid 14 opposite to Closing direction S.
  • the rear abutment 18 carries one Bow spring 40, which forms a locking cam 41, the has a freely projecting slide leg 42 and which is fixed at 43 on the abutment 18.
  • FIG. 11A In contrast, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11A is the forward locking in the area of the surfaces 30, 31 relocated.
  • the holding surface 30 is convex and the counter surface 31 is correlated concave educated.
  • the free leg 42 of the bow spring 40 on the other hand is smooth. If in the case of Fig. 11A the arched holding surface 30 which is concave trained counter support surface, must first a pressure P is exerted on the cover 14 from above be before this in the closing direction S after can be moved to the left. The freely protruding Slide leg 42 of bow spring 40 depressed, so excited.
  • the lid 14 at Embodiment of FIG. 11A alternatively one in represent rigid bodies explained above can.
  • the convex support surface 30 the Engages under counter-holding surface 31, a self not extending transversely to the longitudinal axis L of the cover 14 shown axis of rotation, which has a limited pivotability the lid 14 allowed.
  • a hinge element 45 one with its hinge axis A parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the cover 14 extending hinge connection 46 forms between cover 14 and base body 13.
  • the one Hinging element 45 engages holding extension 29 with a support shell 48 and one associated with it self-resilient clamping arm 49 a hinge pin 47 schnappverrastend.
  • the carrier shell 48 is approximately half-shell-shaped designed like a bearing open on one side.
  • the axial length of the hinge pin 47 is around a displacement path w along the sliding direction x greater than the axial width of the hinge element 45 retaining projection 29.
  • FIGS. 12-17 The function of what can be seen in FIGS. 12-17 The knife is as follows: In FIG. 14, the cover 14 folded down to the side. He rests with his upper one Main surface 50 on a base body-side contact surface 51, which therefore represents a swivel limitation. Then the lid 14 is folded onto the base body 13, the one facing away from the hinge connection 46 Holding extension 29 first with a claw 52 in one Recess 53 of the abutment body on the basic body 17 engages while the claw 52 has a recess 73 forms with which it engages over the abutment body 17. The open position of the cover 14 is thus reached.
  • the lid 14 becomes transverse to its upper one Main surface 50 approximately in the region of a recessed grip 54 the pressure P apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6 and moved backwards in the closing direction S, so that the from Figs. 12 and 15-17 apparent closed position, in which the Cover 14 with its holding surface 30 the counter-holding surface 31 of the abutment body 17 on the base body side reaches under, as FIG. 15 shows particularly clearly.
  • FIG. 17 From Fig. 17 it can be seen that the blade support surface 16 two parallel to the sliding direction x extending straight from the inner surface of the base body 13 across the lower major surface 55 of the blade 11 axial projections 56, 57 projecting towards it or strips, which two approximately linear Represent supports 58, 59.
  • the front pressure surface 20 of the cover 14 has an upper main surface 21 small-area or line-shaped pressure rib 60, which is approximately parallel to the two linear Supports 58, 59 and parallel to the longitudinal axis y of the blade 11 (see FIG. 14). And that goes the pressure rib 60, the cutting edge 61 of the blade 11 facing, off-center between the two supports 58, 59.
  • This asymmetrical arrangement of the Pressure rib 60, the blade 11 is in particular adjacent the cutting edge 61 parallel to the longitudinal axis y of the knife blade 11 arched so that this is a larger one Section modulus and moment of inertia against lateral forces obtained during heavy cutting work, e.g. when laying carpets related to curvilinear Cutting lines, occur.
  • Retaining pin 62, 63 is fixed and that the inner surface 64 of the cover 14, each with the holding pin 62, 63 aligned, in the sliding direction x extending the displacement path w of the cover 14 taking into account, axial recess 65 or an axial groove 66 which has the respective free end of the Holding pin 62, 63 can accommodate.
  • recessed grip 54 which is the sliding operation of the cover in Closing direction S serves, carries the upper main surface 50 of the cover 14, a second recessed grip 67, which is actuated is opposite to the lid 14 Closing direction S into its open position according to FIG. 13 inside move.
  • the recessed handles 54, 67 have two opposite, essentially transverse actuating surfaces extending to the longitudinal axis L of the cover 14 71, 72 on.
  • the two recesses 54, 67 are at an axial distance arranged to each other.
  • the lid 14 thus forms in Area of the axial distance in which the two Handle recesses 54, 67 are arranged, an un weakened Material bridge 68 between the two diametrically opposite Holding arms 34 with holding extensions 29. This area is therefore particularly suitable, the spring return effect To transmit FR.
  • Locking surface 37 and sliding surface 36 are of one use 69 formed, which by means of a stud 70 is held interchangeably in the base body 13.
  • the stake 69 can be made of a particularly suitable plastic, e.g. with a high coefficient of friction, while the base body 13, for example made of die-cast aluminum can be made.
  • 18 and 19 are different schematic Representations regarding a locking of the Cover 14 shown on the base body 13.
  • the rear area 74 of the handle body 12 is hollow and can thus serve as storage space for knife blades 11. 14 is that of the rear grip portion 74 enclosed cavity can be operated via an opening 75.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)

Claims (38)

  1. Couteau (10) à lame remplaçable (11) et avec un corps de manche (12), qui présente un corps de base (13) et un couvercle (14) déplaçable par rapport à ce dernier dans sa direction longitudinale (L ; x), couvercle (14) déplaçable depuis sa position d'ouverture à sa position de fermeture, à laquelle, par une surface de pressage (20) avant, il presse la lame (11), sur le côté large contre une surface pose de lame (16) du corps de base (13), le couvercle (14) saisissant par le dessous à sa position de fermeture, à l'aide d'au moins une surface de retenue médiane (30), chaque fois un corps de contre-appui (17) du corps de base (13) et, en outre, étant disposé, avec sa zone d'extrémité (22) arrière, opposée à la pointe de lame (15), de façon à pouvoir être mobile et bloqué de façon désolidarisable à la position de fermeture sur le corps de base (13), sur un contre-appui (18) arrière, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14), à sa position d'ouverture, est susceptible d'être pressé vers l'intérieur dans la direction de la lame de couteau (11), par sa face de pressage (20) avant, à l'encontre d'un effet de rappel élastique (FR), en ce que le couvercle (14), à sa position de fermeture, presse vers l'extérieur sa face de retenue (30) saisissant par le dessous le corps de contre-appui (17), avec l'effet de rappel élastique (FR), contre le corps de contre-appui (17), et en ce que le blocage du couvercle (14) à sa position de fermeture s'effectue par une liaison à interaction de force et/ou une liaison à encliquetage ou à emboítement, du type à ajustement de forme, entre la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière du couvercle (14) et le contre-appui (18) arrière.
  2. Couteau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'effet de rappel élastique (FR) est produit par flexion, le long de son axe longitudinal (L, LN, LB), du couvercle (14) constitué d'un matériau ayant une élasticité de rappel.
  3. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la surface de pressage (20) avant du couvercle (14) et la lame (11) et/ou entre la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et le contre-appui (18) arrière est disposé un élément élastique (40) produisant un rappel vers l'extérieur du couvercle (14).
  4. Couteau selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la surface de pose de lame (16) forme deux reposoirs (58, 59) disposés à distance l'un de l'autre pour la surface principale (55) inférieure de la lame (11), qui, en étant sollicitée par une pression par la face de pressage (20) avant du couvercle (14), forme un élément en ressort de compression qui presse vers l'extérieur la face de pressage (20) avant.
  5. Couteau selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'entre le contre-appui (18) arrière et la zone extrémité (22) arrière est disposé un élément formant ressort de compression, tel qu'un ressort à lame (40), un ressort en caoutchouc ou analogue.
  6. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14) forme un corps rigide inflexible par la force d'une main, le long de son axe longitudinal (L, LN).
  7. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière forme une surface de glissement (23; 35) déplaçable sur le contre-appui (18) arrière.
  8. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'à la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et au contre-appui (18) arrière, sont associés des éléments d'encliquetage (41, 44) qui s'engagent les uns dans les autres de façon désolidarisable, à la position de fermeture du couvercle (14).
  9. Couteau selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et le contre-appui (18) arrière forment des surfaces de glissement (23; 19) planes parallèles entre elles.
  10. Couteau selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et le contre-appui (18) arrière forment chacun une surface de glissement (23; 19) planes, et en ce que les deux surfaces de glissement (23; 19) s'étendent parallèlement à la direction de coulissement (x) du couvercle (14).
  11. Couteau selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et le contre-appui (18) arrière forment chacun une surface de glissement (35; 36) plane inclinée, et en ce que les deux surfaces de glissement (35; 36) inclinées montent en allant dans la direction de fermeture (S).
  12. Couteau selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le contre-appui (18) arrière, par rapport à la direction de fermeture (S), présente à l'avant, en raccordement à sa surface de glissement (36) plane inclinée, une surface d'encliquetage (37) située côté contre-appui, inclinée, formant avec cette dernière un angle obtus (β), et en ce que la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière forme, derrière sa surface de glissement (35) plane inclinée par rapport à la direction de fermeture (S), un élément de surface d'encliquetage (38) parallèle à la surface d'encliquetage (37) située côté contre-appui, élément auquel, à l'arrière par rapport à la direction de fermeture (S), se raccorde une surface de butée (39) plane, parallèle à la surface de glissement (36) plane inclinée, située du côté du contre-appui.
  13. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de glissement et/ou d'encliquetage (35, 38; 36, 37) de la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière et/ou du contre-appui (18) arrière, sont formées par un insert (69).
  14. Couteau selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (69) est remplaçable.
  15. Couteau selon l'une des revendication 5 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le ressort à lame (40) disposé entre le contre-appui (18) arrière et la zone d'extrémité (22) arrière forment en même temps un élément d'encliquetage (41).
  16. Couteau selon l'une des revendication 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14) présente, entre sa surface de pressage (20) avant et sa zone d'extrémité (22) arrière, sur chacun de ses deux côtés longs, une surface de retenue (30), à chacune desquelles est associé un corps de contre-appui (17) situé du côté du corps de base.
  17. Couteau selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces de retenue (30) sont situées diamétralement à l'opposé l'une de l'autre par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (L) du couvercle (14).
  18. Couteau selon la revendication 16 ou selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que chaque surface de retenue (30) est formée par un prolongement de retenue (29) situé côté couvercle.
  19. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 16 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14), à sa position d'ouverture, est susceptible d'être joint au corps de base (13), chaque prolongement de retenue (29) étant disposé à peu près transversalement par rapport à sa direction de coulissement (x), en passant par un évidement (33) situé du côté du corps de base et, après avoir surmonté l'effet de rappel élastique (FR), est déplaçable de la position d'ouverture à sa position de fermeture, à laquelle chaque prolongement de retenue (29) saisit par le dessous, avec sa face d'enveloppe (30), le corps de contre-appui (17) situé du côté du corps de base.
  20. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que chaque surface de retenue (30) est plane.
  21. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce que le corps de contre-appui (17) forme une surface de retenue conjuguée (31) parallèle à la surface de retenue (30).
  22. Couteau selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la surface de retenue (30) et la surface de retenue conjuguée (31) sont inclinées et vont en montant en allant dans la direction de fermeture (S) du couvercle (14).
  23. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce que la surface de retenue (30) et la surface de retenue conjuguée (31), lorsque le couvercle (14) est en position de fermeture, permettent sa mobilité limitée par rapport à un axe de rotation s'étendant transversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale (L) du couvercle (14).
  24. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisé en ce que chaque prolongement de retenue (29) est disposé côté extrémité d'un bras de retenue (34) partant d'un côté long du couvercle, coudé à angle droit, entourant latéralement le corps de base (13).
  25. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisé en ce que la face principale (21) supérieure, tournée vers l'extérieur, du couvercle (14) est munie de deux surfaces d'actionnement de coulissement (71, 72) orientées en sens inverse s'étendant transversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale (L) du couvercle (14).
  26. Couteau selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces d'actionnement de coulissement (71, 72) sont formées par des auges de saisie (54, 67).
  27. Couteau selon la revendication 26, caractérisé en ce que les auges de saisie (54, 67) sont disposées à distance axiale les unes des autres en se référant à l'axe longitudinal (L) du couvercle (14).
  28. Couteau selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14) forme, dans la zone de l'espacement axial entre les auges de saisie (54, 67), un pont de matériau (68) non affaibli entre les deux surfaces de retenue (30) ou prolongements de retenue (29) situé(e)s de façon diamétralement opposée.
  29. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 28, caractérisé en ce que l'un des deux prolongements de retenue (29) forme un élément de charnière (45) d'une liaison en charnière (46), s'étendant avec son axe de charnière (A) parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (L) du couvercle (14), liaison établie entre le couvercle (14) et le corps de base (13), la liaison en charnière (46) permettant, lorsque le couvercle (14) est en position ouverte, d'effectuer son déplacement dans la direction de fermeture (S).
  30. Couteau selon la revendication 29, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base (13) présente un tourillon de charnière (47) dont la longueur axiale est supérieure, de la valeur d'une course de déplacement (w) dans la direction de coulissement (x), à la largeur axiale du prolongement de retenue (29) formant l'élément de charnière (45).
  31. Couteau selon la revendication 30, caractérisé en ce que le tourillon de charnière (47) est formé d'un seul tenant, en établissant une liaison par la matière, sur le corps de base (13).
  32. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 29 à 31, caractérisé en ce que le prolongement de retenue (29) formant l'élément de charnière (45) entoure le tourillon de charnière (47) en forme de crochet, ou bien l'entoure avec effet d'encliquetage, par une coque support (48) et un bras de serrage (49) à élasticité propre, lui étant associé.
  33. Couteau selon la revendication 30 ou selon la revendication 32, caractérisé en ce que la lame (11) est fixée sur le corps de base (13) à l'aide d'au moins un tourillon de retenue (62, 63) dépassant de l'épaisseur de lame par rapport au couvercle (14), faisant saillie librement de la surface de pose de lame (16), et en ce que la surface intérieure (64) du couvercle (14) présente une rainure axiale (65, 66) orientée dans la direction du tourillon de retenue (62, 63), s'étendant parallèlement à a direction de coulissement (x), prenant en considération la course de déplacement (w) du couvercle (14).
  34. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 1 à 33, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (14) peut être écarté de la pointe de lame (15), vers l'intérieur, pour lui faire prendre sa position de fermeture.
  35. Couteau selon l'une des revendications 4 à 34, caractérisé en ce que la surface de pose de lame (16) forme deux saillies axiales (56, 57) s'étendant de façon rectiligne parallèlement à la direction de coulissement (x), faisant saillie de la surface intérieure du corps de base (13) transversalement par rapport à la surface principale inférieure (55) de la lame (11), vers celle-ci, les saillies axiale formant les deux reposoirs (58, 59) à peu près linéaires.
  36. Couteau selon la revendication 35, caractérisé en ce que la face de pressage (20) avant du couvercle (14) forme une nervure de pressage (60) sollicitant par une pression à peu près sur la forme d'une ligne, la face principale (21) supérieure de la lame (11), nervure de pressage s'étendant parallèlement aux deux reposoirs (58, 59) à forme linéaire.
  37. Couteau selon la revendication 36, caractérisé en ce que la nervure de pressage (60) s'étend à peu près centralement entre les deux reposoirs (58, 59).
  38. Couteau selon la revendication 36, caractérisé en ce que la nervure de pressage (60), qui est tournée vers le tranchant (61) de la lame (11), s'étend de façon excentrée entre les deux reposoirs (58, 59).
EP19970100002 1996-01-09 1997-01-02 Couteau à lame échangeable Expired - Lifetime EP0783939B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19600447 1996-01-09
DE1996100447 DE19600447C1 (de) 1996-01-09 1996-01-09 Messer mit einer Wechselklinge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0783939A2 EP0783939A2 (fr) 1997-07-16
EP0783939A3 EP0783939A3 (fr) 1998-10-14
EP0783939B1 true EP0783939B1 (fr) 2002-04-10

Family

ID=7782315

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970100002 Expired - Lifetime EP0783939B1 (fr) 1996-01-09 1997-01-02 Couteau à lame échangeable

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0783939B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09225154A (fr)
CN (1) CN1098143C (fr)
DE (1) DE19600447C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2175191T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5950311A (en) * 1998-04-14 1999-09-14 Huang; Yin Han Knife having an easily assembling structure
CN103009407B (zh) * 2012-12-18 2015-07-08 珠海新秀丽家居用品有限公司 一种可拆卸刀头的毛发剪
CN108564850B (zh) * 2018-03-12 2023-05-26 华北理工大学 切菜刀工辅助练习器
CN109202973B (zh) * 2018-09-30 2021-02-02 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 一种裁剪刀具
US11279050B2 (en) * 2019-03-28 2022-03-22 Gb Ii Corporation Easily disassembled folding knife with replaceable blade
CN110103260A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-09 惠安县蓝普欣日用品有限公司 一种刀片可调节手动刀
DE102021001353A1 (de) 2021-03-13 2022-09-15 Jakob Kunert Messer

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1585641A (en) * 1977-09-08 1981-03-11 Stanley Tools Ltd Replaceable blade knife
DE69000878T2 (de) * 1990-06-18 1993-07-08 Stanley Works Ltd Messer mit auswechselbarer klinge.
DE4421351C1 (de) * 1994-06-17 1995-02-02 Schlipkoeter Michael Dr Messer, insbesondere Teppichboden-Schneidmesser, mit auswechselbarer Messerklinge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0783939A3 (fr) 1998-10-14
ES2175191T3 (es) 2002-11-16
EP0783939A2 (fr) 1997-07-16
CN1163182A (zh) 1997-10-29
CN1098143C (zh) 2003-01-08
JPH09225154A (ja) 1997-09-02
DE19600447C1 (de) 1996-08-22

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