EP0774300B1 - Quetschvorrichtung und Aufbereitungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Quetschvorrichtung und Aufbereitungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0774300B1 EP0774300B1 EP96118462A EP96118462A EP0774300B1 EP 0774300 B1 EP0774300 B1 EP 0774300B1 EP 96118462 A EP96118462 A EP 96118462A EP 96118462 A EP96118462 A EP 96118462A EP 0774300 B1 EP0774300 B1 EP 0774300B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compacting
- rollers
- roller
- cutting
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
- B30B9/321—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans
- B30B9/325—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans between rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C18/186—Axially elongated knives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
- B02C19/0081—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles
- B02C19/0093—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles for plastic bottles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a squeezing device for crushing used Cups and a squeezing and cutting device for processing used Containers, in particular cups, with a squeezing device with the features of Preambles of claims 1 and 23, respectively.
- Such a squeezing device or squeezing and cutting device is known from US-A-4,784,251 known.
- bottle-shaped containers sequentially squeezed in a squeezer by a pair of cutting rollers cut into strips and then the strips across their length cut into small pieces by another cutter.
- the crimping device is formed from a pair of oppositely driven rollers, which have a Seesaw the containers are fed as a feed device.
- the pair of rollers faces radially protruding ledges, which have a sawtooth-shaped profile at their outer ends.
- the known squeezing device is in combination with an automatic machine Arranged cutting device into which the container can be inserted via a feed opening are.
- the containers are identified within the machine and along a transport path to a collection container for receiving the dismembered container.
- the squeezing device one of the containers Crimping device feeding device and a downstream of the crimping device Arranged cutting unit.
- the cutting unit is through the appropriate Cutting tools for cutting the squashed containers into parallel strips and formed to further cut the strips in their transverse direction.
- Such a squeezing device or the automat contained therein is used in particular for Collect and process single-use containers Plastic used.
- Such used containers can be bottles, for example or cups made of plastic, aluminum cans or the like.
- Another squeezing device for squeezing flat containers or the like for use in a reprocessing device for disposable cups for example also described in the Italian patent application M093A000140 and the associated EP-A-0 655 715 by the applicant.
- US-A-5 211 109 discloses a device for squeezing beverage cans together, this via an input on a vending machine of a squeezing device can be supplied.
- the actual crimping device is a lower one End of a feeder in the form of a tube in which the cans are stacked are arranged, with a lower end of the lowest can on a flattened Area of a pair of feed and squeeze rollers is set up.
- the both rollers rotate in opposite directions and through edges that are perpendicular to the flattened Areas, the lower end of the can can be gripped sideways and drawn into the nip formed between the two rollers.
- a bow-shaped actuator is pushed out of the tube when a can is present. By pushing it out becomes a motor for the two rollers via a switch and a control circuit switched on.
- the crimping device is simple and compact at the same time, is easy to wait and has a long service life.
- the gripping tooth becomes an end piece of a supplied container securely gripped and withdrawn from the corresponding feed device.
- each points Feed and squeeze roller at least one supporting the end of the container Ring land.
- the ring land can be essentially outside the area of the depression extend around the roller.
- the ring web is essentially around the height of the pull bars protrudes radially over the circumferential surface of the roller.
- the pull bar can also be used as a gripping tooth pull bar the gripping tooth.
- the gripping tooth is usually in the direction End piece of the container from the pull bar.
- the pull bar can be turned outwards Protrude circumferential surface of the corresponding roller or through part of the Circumferential surface of the roller may be formed, for example for receiving the gripping tooth a recess is formed in the peripheral surface into which the gripping tooth protrudes.
- the gripping tooth pull bar can be arranged differently be an advantage.
- the gripping tooth pull bar can be axially Direction of the roller juxtaposed pull bar sections assembled his.
- the pull strip sections can be on an outer contour of the container be adapted to its end piece.
- the pull bar sections of the gripping tooth pull bar run parallel and / or collinear to the axial direction of the roller.
- the pull bars or gripping tooth pull bars can be in the peripheral surface of a roller be arranged or formed along the entire axial direction.
- the feed and squeeze rollers have a number of in In the axial direction arranged side by side discs, of which at least the disks arranged below the device for feeding the containers as gripping disks are formed, the circumference with corresponding gripping tooth pull bar sections are trained. In this way, the entire peripheral surface does not have to a roller to produce the pull rails, but only the corresponding gripping disks are machined in their peripheral surface.
- the discs can chagrin in their remaining peripheral surface or knurled.
- each feed and squeeze roller in its peripheral surface one in the direction of rotation adjacent to the respective gripping tooth and has this upstream in the direction of rotation. On this deepening Put the cup on with its bottom and then turn the rollers towards each other, gripped by the corresponding gripping teeth and carried along for squeezing.
- each disc In the case of rollers with disks or gripping disks, the depression is in the The peripheral surface of each disc is adjacent and in the direction of rotation in front of the respective gripping tooth educated.
- the bottom surface is stepped with at least one step.
- the ring web in be arranged approximately centrally in the axial direction of the roller and in a substantially engage the cylindrical ring groove on the other roller.
- the ring web has a width in the axial direction of the roller has less than the diameter of the end piece of the container. Also in this case, the container is securely supported outside the recess.
- the ring webs can, for example, be attached to the roller as a separate component.
- a one-piece production of ring web and pull strips is preferred, for example through machining. In this case, it may prove beneficial if the ring bar is connected on one side with corresponding pull strips.
- the ring web is between two adjacent pull bars connected to it the side opposite the annular groove is formed in an arc shape.
- the feed device for feeding the cups can be positioned above the feed and nip rollers arranged tubular shaft with an upper part and an adjoining lower part with an outlet opening, wherein the upper part has an inner diameter slightly larger than a diameter of a cup and the cups to form a stack from above into the upper part can be entered. This can be done automatically or manually.
- the lower part of the Feeding device at least this end piece of the bottom cup of the stack protrude.
- the lower part of the tubular shaft can drop one in the direction Feed and squeeze rollers have a decreasing diameter. Thereby the cups are only up to a certain length from the lower part of the Exit the shaft.
- the squeezing device described above can be part of a squeezing and Cutting combination device for processing used containers, in particular Be cups, which have at least one cutting unit for crushing the used ones Containers, which has a first cutting tool for cutting the container into parallel strips and a second cutting tool for the takeover the strip at the exit of the first cutting tool and for cutting the Has stripes in the transverse direction.
- a squeezing and Cutting combination device for processing used containers, in particular Be cups, which have at least one cutting unit for crushing the used ones Containers, which has a first cutting tool for cutting the container into parallel strips and a second cutting tool for the takeover the strip at the exit of the first cutting tool and for cutting the Has stripes in the transverse direction.
- those of the invention Crushing device already squeezed by the first Processing tool processed to which the crimping device is assigned.
- Squeezing devices or drawing-in and squeezing rollers of the squeezing device can precede the first cutting tool his. This will put the containers in the first Crushing device squeezed flat and then to the first Cutting tool passed to cut into strips.
- Such a first cutting tool can, for example, consist of two oppositely rotatable rollers are formed, each on Roll a number of disks arranged with cutting edges are.
- the slices can be cut of the first cutting tool simultaneously formed as gripping disks be, which are correspondingly by pull strip sections in each disc form a pull bar, each pull bar section is formed with at least one gripping tooth and each Pull bar section in the direction of rotation a corresponding recess is upstream.
- the gripping disks are on everyone Roller of the roller pair of the first cutting tool arranged, which, as described for the feed and squeeze rollers, through the depression is a footprint for a container bottom form, with further rotation of the rollers of the first Cutting tool of the container gripped at its end piece and between the slices for cutting into strips with simultaneous Contusion is pulled.
- the second cutting tool can be similar to the first cutting tool be made up of two counter-rotating rollers, which has a nip for the passage of the from the first Limit the strips produced by the cutting tool.
- the second cutting tool as so-called Cutting roller and have a number of knives, which are each designed with a cutting edge, which extend along a helix over the circumferential surface the cutting roller extends. This way the parallel Cut strips into small pieces across the direction of the strips.
- the other roller of the second cutting tool can as a simple counter-pressure roller with a substantially smooth peripheral surface be trained.
- the knives with their cutting edges can also be arranged in this way and be designed so that the cutting edges along extend in the axial direction. This means that through the first cutting tool cut parallel strips essentially cut perpendicular to the stripe direction, whereby small squares or rectangles are formed.
- this has a number of in the circumferential direction spaced axial grooves, in each of which at least one Knife is releasably attached. This means the knives are worn out can also be replaced quickly and easily.
- a simple type of releasable fastening can be formed in this way be that each axial groove in the direction of the axis of rotation Cutting roller converges and the associated knife on one lateral groove wall rests and releasable in the axial groove attached terminal strip is pressed against this. To this The knife is firmly attached to the entire length lateral groove wall pressed and securely held in the axial groove.
- the knife can still be held in the axial groove be improved that the terminal strip is frustoconical in cross section and is screwed into the axial groove, for example becomes.
- the knife is between the groove wall and an outer wall the terminal block.
- the axial groove and terminal block can be symmetrical in this way be built that at the same time a knife on each Groove wall is pressed by means of the terminal block. In this way can cut the parallel strips into smaller pieces and fewer axial grooves are necessary.
- the knife Since the lower end is protected in the axial groove, in this context it can also prove to be an advantage if the knife has a cutting edge at both ends. Thereby the result is an interchangeable knife that is simply turned with its second cutting edge formed at the lower end can be used again.
- the corresponding discs of the first cutting tool spaced in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction have running grooves.
- the above-described device for processing Used containers can be returned as part of a vending machine of containers contained in it.
- the device other devices or components within the machine assignable, for example a device for identification containers suitable for entry into the device, a facility for the entry of those identified as suitable Container in the device, one arranged in the device Collection container for those entered in the device Container, a collection container for that when crushing the container and a collection container conveying path connecting the collecting container, with squeezing device and cutting unit at one point of the of the cups too continuous conveyor path can be arranged.
- the device for squeezing flat of used containers with a total of 1.
- the device is used in particular for squeezing flat of used plastic cups, but is also included Benefit usable for processing other used Containers, e.g. Aluminum cans, plastic bottles, cardboard boxes and the like. more.
- the device 1 contains a pair of feed and squeeze rollers 2, each of which has an essentially cylindrical shape and a nip for the passage of the containers limit.
- the rollers 2 can be driven to rotate in opposite directions, with their axes of rotation parallel to each other and preferably run horizontally.
- the rotation of the rollers 2 is carried out by means of a drive (not shown) known type, which on the rollers supporting shafts 24th attacks (Fig. 5).
- the containers are expanding upwards, for single use only Plastic cup 3, as in vending machines for Drinks are in use.
- the device 1 also includes a device for the Feed the cup 3 to the feed and squeeze rollers 2. Die
- Die preferably guides the cups into shape of a stack and has one in the middle above the and squeeze rollers 2 arranged tubular shaft 8. This has an essentially cylindrical upper part 8a, whose inside diameter is slightly larger than the outside diameter the cup 3.
- the cups 3 are in a known manner Throwable into the shaft 8 from above, so that they are too nest in a stack.
- the tubular shaft 8 has a lower part 8b, the Diameter decreases downwards, and which at the bottom End has an outlet opening 4, from which at least one lower end piece 3a of the lowest cup 3 each Beaker stack protrudes.
- the diameter of the outlet opening 4 is larger than the bottom diameter of the cup 3, so that the lower end piece 3a of the same emerge from the shaft 8 can, and smaller than the diameter of the cup 3 at its open top.
- the shaft 8 is arranged that the bottom cup 3 of the stack is centered supported on the rollers. In this way, the tubular Shaft 8 a device for positioning and Center the cup 3 relative to the rollers 2.
- Each feed and squeeze roller 2 has on its peripheral surface a gripping tooth 5 which is parallel in the longitudinal direction extends to the axis of rotation of the respective roller 2 and for the attack on the lower end piece 3a of the rollers 2 supporting cup is formed.
- each feed and squeeze roller 2 has a recess 9, with a preferably flat bottom surface 9a, which on one side into the peripheral surface of the respective roller 2 merges and on the opposite side to a perpendicular standing on it, a flank of the respective gripping tooth 5 forming wall surface 9b abuts.
- the bottom surfaces 9a are the bottom surfaces 9a, as detailed below explained as support surfaces for the stack of Cup 3 effective.
- the gripping teeth are the vertical axis of symmetry 5 and depressions 9 of the two rollers 2 mirror-inverted trained and arranged to each other.
- the two feed and squeeze rollers 2 are rotating matched to each other so that their gripping teeth 5 each from opposite sides at the same time attack the lower end piece 3a of a cup.
- Each feed and squeeze roller 2 also has on its peripheral surface a number of pull bars 6, which are in mutual Extend circumferential distances parallel to the axis of the roller 2 and each after the attack of the gripping teeth 5 attack a cup 3 on this.
- the rollers 2 are relative to each other arranged that their pull bars 6 when the rollers rotate to overlap a bit. Accordingly, they are Tension strips 6 on the two rollers 2 are preferably arranged in such a way that they are not in contact with the rotation of the rollers come together.
- Each feed and squeeze roller 2 also has at least a preferably smooth and cylindrical ring web 7, which with respect to the axis of rotation of the respective roller 2 is coaxial and the support of the lowest Cup 3 of the stack is used.
- the ring web 7 is in Radial direction substantially the same height as that Pull rails 6 over the circumferential surface of the respective roller 2 out.
- the ring web 7 is used to support the lowest Cup 3 of the cup stack before this from the gripping teeth 5 is taken so that the pull rails 6 are not premature come into contact with the lower end of the cup.
- each feed and squeeze roller 2 one free from pull bars 6, preferably smooth and cylindrical ring surface 23, which is coaxial with the axis of the respective roller 2 runs.
- the two rollers 2 are such relative to one another arranged that the ring web 7 of the one roller each The annular surface 23 faces the other. So this means that the ring webs 7 of the two rollers 2 in the axial direction are staggered.
- Ring web 7 preferably an annular end face, which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the respective roller 2 and a corresponding end face of the ring web 7 is directly opposite to other roller 2, as in FIG. 6 clearly visible.
- the total width of the ring web 7 and the subsequent one Annular surface 23 in the axial direction of the respective feed and Pinch roller 2 is smaller than the diameter of the container 3. This enables the attack of the pull bars 6 on the the gripping teeth 5 cup 3.
- Fig. 5 shows the device 1 in combination with an overall with 30 designated cutting unit for fine grinding the cup.
- the cutting unit 30 which is used for the comminution of used containers of various types, e.g. Aluminum cans bottles made of plastic, cardboard boxes and the like. more usable has a below the crimping device 1 arranged first cutting tool 10 and one below this arranged second cutting tool 12. The whole The arrangement is enclosed by a housing 25.
- the first cutting tool 10 is arranged so that it by means of the device 1 takes up squeezed cup 3, around them in narrow strips parallel to the running direction to cut.
- the first cutting tool 10 has two parallel to each other Shafts 17 with axles, which rotate in opposite directions Rotation are displaceable, as indicated by arrows 18. While one shaft 17 is rotatable about a fixed axis, is the other shaft 17 by means of not shown in the drawing elastic devices towards the first wave loaded.
- One shaft 17 carries a series of predetermined ones Axial distances arranged thereon first disks 19, which each have two circumferential cutting edges 20.
- the other shaft 17 carries a row of the first disks 19 corresponding, two circumferential cutting edges 22 having second disks 21.
- the first and second Discs 19 and 21 are in this way on the respective shafts 17 arranged that the discs of a row in one piece the spaces between those of the other row take hold.
- the second cutting tool 12 is arranged and designed that it is emerging from the first cutting tool 10 Strips 11 picks up to cross them in the direction to cut short pieces.
- the second cutting tool 12 has two counter-rotating Rollers 13 and 14, between which the strips 11 pass.
- the roller 13 designed as a cutting roller carries a number of teeth extending in their longitudinal direction or Knives 15, which are arranged at mutual circumferential distances are and each one is stretched along a straight line Helix extending over the circumferential surface of the roller 13 Have cutting edge 16.
- the other counter-acting roller 14 preferably has a smooth peripheral surface.
- One of the two rollers preferably the cutting roller 13, is in the direction of elastic devices, not shown loaded on the other roller 14.
- the arrangement designated as a whole in FIG. 5 is 30 with advantage use in a machine for processing of used cups.
- a machine for processing of used cups include a device for identifying for processing cups suitable for the machine, a device for the entry of the appropriate cups into the machine, a collection container arranged inside the machine for the registered cup, a receptacle for that during processing the cup of shredded material, and a conveying path connecting the collecting container with the collecting container.
- the formed from the squeezing device 1 and the cutting unit Arrangement 30 is at a suitable one within such a machine Place the said funding path so that the Cup 3 as it moves along the conveyor path through the arrangement 30 run through and are crushed.
- FIGS. 9a and 9b A second exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b shown for a pair of feed and squeeze rollers 2. This differ from the first embodiment by the Training of the ring web 7 and its connection with the pull strips 6th
- the ring web 7 in one piece, for example by machining the roller circumferential surface made with pull strips 6.
- the ring web 7 with the pull bars 6 on it Ring groove 23 opposite side connected to this. Between is adjacent pull bars 6 in the circumferential direction the ring web 7 is arcuate.
- the directly to Gripping tooth 5 adjacent part of the bottom surface 9a lies in the radial Direction in the direction of the axis of rotation of the roller lower than one um a step jump 31 radially outward subsequent Area of the bottom surface 9a.
- the position of the rollers according to Figures 10 and 11 corresponds to Position of the rollers according to Figure 2, with the step-shaped Bottom surface 9a a corresponding lower end piece 3a of a cup 3 is attachable.
- the second embodiment 12 is an oblique plan view of a feed and Squeeze roller shown in the second embodiment. It it goes without saying that the bottom surface 9a at the second Embodiment of the feed and squeeze rollers without Step jump and can also be formed, see first embodiment.
- the shafts 24 projecting laterally from the rollers see figures 9a, 9b and 12 are used for rotatable mounting and drive connection the rollers with a drive, not shown.
- Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 7 together with a synchronization drive 26 for driving everything, for example Rolls or shafts of the cutting unit 30 shown in Figure 5.
- the first cutting tool 1 shown in plan view is corresponding by means of disks 19 and 21 arranged on shafts 17 corresponding cutting edges 20 and 22 are formed.
- the waves 17 are at their ends in the housing 25, for example by means of ball bearings rotatably mounted.
- the synchronization drive 26 is arranged on one side of the housing 25, one motor 47, one drive shaft 48 and one Row of gears 44 to 46 and others not shown Gears includes.
- the motor 47 drives the drive shaft 48 driven the upper shaft 17 in Figure 13. This is via gears 44 and 45 with the lower one shown in FIG Synchronized shaft 17 in its rotation.
- Another Rotation synchronization to the other rollers or shafts, see Figure 5, takes place via a further gear 46, the with corresponding gears, not shown, of the second Cutting tool or the crimping device is engaged.
- Figure 14 is another embodiment for a shaft or roller of the first cutting tool according to FIG. 5, see also Figure 7 shown.
- This further embodiment differs different from the previously described embodiment by a number of in the disks 19, 21 in their peripheral surface arranged radial grooves 42. Of these are a number arranged at regular circumferential intervals.
- the grooves 42 of all Disc 19, 21 are at the same center angle 51 arranged relative to an axis of rotation 35 of the shafts 17.
- the discs according to Figure 14 or in the embodiment 7 have a radially outer, hardened Circumferential area 49, which extends along the entire circumference extends.
- the slices harden approximately to to the bottom of the grooves 42.
- the peripheral surfaces the disks 19, 21 are provided with a surface roughening 50, which can be produced by chagrining or knurling.
- Figure 15 shows a view according to XV-XV of Figure 14, wherein it can be seen that the grooves 42 at regular circumferential intervals are arranged in the disks 19, 21. Still is visible that the corresponding cutting edges 20, 22 in radial Direction somewhat in the direction of the axis of rotation 35 inwards on both sides to the disks 19 and 21 are offset.
- FIG. 16 shows a combination of squeezing device 1 and first cutting tool 10.
- a shaft 17 On a shaft 17 are corresponding to the embodiments 7 or 14 spaced apart in the axial direction 28 Row of disks 19 and 21 arranged. This are formed with cutting edges 20, 22.
- a number of disks 19, 21 have depressions in their circumference 9 corresponding to the wells of the feeder and Squeeze rollers 2, see for example Figures 1 to 4. Such Depressions are formed in particular in the disks, the below the feed device 8 for containers or cups 3, see Figure 1 or 6, are arranged.
- the Discs with depressions 9 corresponding to a bottom surface 9a and a wall surface 9b.
- the wall surface 9b is at its top End formed with a gripping tooth 5.
- a pull bar section 29 is formed.
- the different pull strip sections 29 of the discs formed with recesses 9 19, 21 form a total of a pull bar 27, which can be gripped and pulling off a lower end piece 3a, see FIG. 3, one Mug 3 serves.
- FIG. 19 shows an enlargement of a detail "X" from FIG 16. It becomes part of a peripheral surface of a disk 19, 21 with a surface roughening 50 shown by Chagrin or knurl the peripheral surface of each disc can be produced.
- Figure 20 is another embodiment of a Cutting roller 13 of the second cutting tool 12 according to FIG. 5 shown.
- This cutting roller 13 acts with a corresponding one Counter roll 14, which is not shown, analogous to the figure 8 together.
- the cutting roller 13 has a uniform circumferential spacing Row of in the axial direction 28, see for example figure 16 extending axial grooves 34. These converge in the direction Axis of rotation 35.
- the corresponding groove walls 36, 37 are step-shaped trained and have a system paragraph 39. This runs essentially to the opposite groove wall and is inclined radially outwards at a small angle.
- Terminal strips 38 used in the various axial grooves 34 are frustoconical in cross section Terminal strips 38 used. These are by one Number of screws or bolts 52 detachable in the axial grooves 34 attached to the cutting roller 13. The screws or bolts 52 extend radially inwards in the direction of the axis of rotation 35.
- a knife 15 is arranged in each case. This is in cross section rhombus-shaped, with the shorter parallel rhombus side abuts the terminal block. The longer rhombus side is on the corresponding groove wall 36, 37, at its ends Cutting edges 16 are formed. These cutting edges protrude the peripheral surface of the cutting roller 13 to the outside, the the lower end opposite the projecting cutting edge 16 40 of each knife 15 bears against the system shoulder 39.
- the terminal strips 38 have on their radially outwardly facing Top of a counterbore in which the screw heads the corresponding screws or bolts 52 are received. Furthermore, the top of the terminal strips 38 is essentially arranged flush to the peripheral surface of the cutting roller 13.
- a knife 15 is shown enlarged in FIG. there it is clear that a corresponding cutting edge 16 both on lower end 40 and at the opposite, upper end 41 is trained. This allows the knife to double with everyone its cutting edges 16 are used.
- a terminal block 38 is shown in an oblique plan view.
- the terminal block 38 has one in the axial direction 28 Row of spaced bores 53 into which, according to FIG the corresponding screws or bolts 52 can be inserted and retracted are.
- the various work steps for gripping and squeezing shown a container.
- the rotations of the corresponding Feed and squeeze rollers are synchronized so that the recesses 9 in Figure 2 are arranged in one plane and below the container 3.
- Then will through the gripping teeth 5 of the container to be moved towards one another at its lower one Gripped end piece on both sides and pulled between the rollers, see Figure 4.
- Such a crimping device is usually the first tool of a cutting unit 30 used according to Figure 5.
- the container squeezed by the squeezing device 3 is then cut by a first cutting tool 10 in longitudinal strips and finally by a second cutting tool 12 essentially transverse to the longitudinal direction the strip cut further.
- the squeezing device according to FIGS. 1 to 4 in the first Cutting tool 10 can be integrated according to Figure 5, see Figures 16 to 18. Also at corresponding further depressions 9 are in this further exemplary embodiment of the invention formed in disks of the first cutting tool, their function analogous to that Wells 9 of the squeezing device according to Figures 1 to 4 is.
- the other one too Embodiment according to Figures 16 to 18 is by supporting the container the circumferential surface of the disks is ensured as ring webs outside of the depressions 9, that a lower end piece 3a, see Figure 3, of a container or cup 3 only through the gripping teeth 5 or a corresponding gripping tooth pull bar 27, see FIG. 16 is gripped with an integrated gripping tooth.
- the cup After gripping, the cup is roughened by a surface roughening of the peripheral surface of the various disks, see for example FIG. 19, analogously to the others tension bars carried in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4 and at the same time through the cutting edges 20, 22 of the disks 19, 21 cut into longitudinal strips.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine im Schnitt dargestellte Stirnansicht einer Vorrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
- Figuren 2, 3,4
- eine Figur 1 entsprechende Darstellung der Vorrichtung in drei aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten;
- Figur 5
- eine im Schnitt dargestellte Stirnansicht einer Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 in Kombination mit einem Schneidwerk zum Zerkleinern von gebrauchten Kunststoffbechern;
- Figur 6
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Quetschvorrichtung in der in Figur 5 dargestellten Ausführungsform;
- Figur 7
- eine Draufsicht auf ein erstes Schneidwerkzeug des in Figur 5 gezeigten Schneidwerks;
- Figur 8
- eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Schneidwerkzeug des in Figur 5 dargestellten Schneidwerks;
- Figuren 9a u. 9b
- eine seitliche Draufsicht auf zwei Walzen eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels für eine Quetschvorrichtung;
- Figur 10
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie X-X aus Figur 9a;
- Figur 11
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie XI-XI der Figur 9b;
- Figur 12
- eine schräge Draufsicht auf eine Einzug- und Quetschwalze nach dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Figur 13
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erstes Schneidwerkzeug entsprechend zu Figur 7 mit dargestelltem Antrieb;
- Figur 14
- eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels für eine Walze eines Schneidwerkzeugs;
- Figur 15
- eine Ansicht gemäß Richtung XV-XV aus Figur 14;
- Figur 16
- eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der Erfindung mit in ersten Schneidwerkzeugs integrierter Quetschvorrichtung;
- Figur 17
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie XVII-XVII aus Figur 16;
- Figur 18
- einen entsprechenden Schnitt zu Figur 17 durch die zur Schneidwalze nach Figur 16 komplementäre Schneidwalze des ersten Schneidwerkzeugs;
- Figur 19
- ein Detail "X" aus Figur 16;
- Figur 20
- einen Schnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schneidwalze des zweiten Schneidwerkzeugs;
- Figur 21
- ein bei der Schneidwalze nach Figur 20 eingesetztes Messer, und
- Figur 22
- eine bei der Schneidwalze nach Figur 20 eingesetzte Klemmleiste.
Claims (33)
- Quetschvorrichtung (1) zum Flachquetschen von gebrauchten Bechern (3) mit wenigstens einem Paar gegenläufig drehbarer Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2, 10) mit zumindest jeweils einer auf deren Umfangsflächen angeordneten Zugleiste (6, 27), welche einen Walzenspalt für den Durchgang der Becher (3) begrenzen, und mit einer Einrichtung (8) für die Zufuhr der Becher (3) zu den Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2, 10),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Einzug- und Quetschwalze (2, 10) an ihrer Umfangsfläche wenigstens einen Greifzahn (5) für den Erstangriff an einem Endstück (3a) eines von der Zufuhreinrichtung (8) zugeführten Bechers (3) und wenigstens einen Ringsteg (7) zum Abstützen des Endstücks (3a) des Bechers (3) aufweist, welcher koaxial zur Drehachse der entsprechenden Walze angeordnet ist und in Radialrichtung über eine Umfangsfläche der Walze im wesentlichen um eine Höhe der Zugleiste (6, 27) vorsteht. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zugleiste (6, 27) mit Greifzahn (5) als Greifzahn-Zugleiste (27) ausgebildet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum gleichzeitigen Erstangriff der Greifzähne (5) an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Endstücks (3a) des Behälters (3) den Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2, 10) ein Synchronisationsantrieb (26) zugeordnet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Einzug- und Quetschwalze (2, 10) in ihrer Umfangsfläche eine in Drehrichtung (18) benachbart zum jeweiligen Greifzahn und diesem in Drehrichtung (18) vorgeordnete Vertiefung (9) aufweist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefung (9) eine im wesentlichen ebene Bodenfläche (9a) aufweist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefung (9) einseitig durch den zugehörigen Greifzahn (5) begrenzt ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4- 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringsteg (7) sich im wesentlichen außerhalb des Bereichs der Vertiefung (9) um die Walze (2) erstreckt. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zufuhreinrichtung (8) zur Zufuhr der Becher (3) einen oberhalb der Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2, 10) angeordneten, rohrförmigen Schacht mit einem oberen Teil (8a) und einem daran anschließenden unteren Teil (8b) mit einer Auslaßöffnung (4) aufweist, wobei der obere Teil (8a) einen Innendurchmesser wenig größer als der Durchmesser der Behälter (3) hat und die Behälter (3) zur Bildung eines Stapels von oben her in den oberen Teil (8a) eintragbar sind. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus dem unteren Teil (8b) der Zufuhreinrichtung (8) wenigstens das Endstück (3a) des jeweils untersten Behälters (3) des Stapels vorsteht. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Teil (8b) des rohrförmigen Schachts (8) einen in Richtung Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2, 10) nach unten abnehmenden Durchmesser aufweist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 4 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Flanke des Greifzahns (5) durch eine Wandfläche (9b) der Vertiefung (9) gebildet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 - 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Greifzahn-Zugleiste (27) durch mehrere in axialer Richtung (28) der Walze angeordnete Zugleistenabschnitte (29) gebildet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zugleistenabschnitte (29) parallel und/oder kollinear zur axialen Richtung (28) angeordnet sind. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (10) eine Reihe von in axialer Richtung (28) nebeneinander angeordneten Scheiben (19, 21) aufweisen, von welchen zumindest die unterhalb der Einrichtung (8) für die Zufuhr der Behälter (3) angeordneten Scheiben als Greifscheiben mit an ihrem Umfang angeordneten Zugleistenabschnitten (29) ausgebildet sind und deren Umfangsflächen als Ringstege (7) fungieren. - Quetschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheiben entlang ihres Umfanges chagriniert oder gerändelt sind. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 - 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefung (9) in der Umfangsfläche zumindest jeder Greifscheibe (19, 21) ausgebildet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 - 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bodenfläche (9a) stufenförmig mit wenigstens einem Stufensprung (31) ausgebildet ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 11 oder 17
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Anzahl von Zugleisten (6) auf der Umfangsfläche der Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2) in gleichmäßigen Umfangsabständen für den Angriff an dem von den Greifzähnen (5) ergriffenen Behältern (3) angeordnet sind. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 oder 17, 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringsteg (7) in etwa mittig in axialer Richtung (28) der Walze angeordnet ist und in eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Ringnut (23) auf der jeweils anderen Walze eingreift. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 oder 17 - 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringsteg (7) in axialer Richtung (28) der Walze eine Breite geringer als der Durchmesser des Endstücks (3a) des Behälters (3) aufweist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 oder 17 - 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringsteg (7) einseitig in axialer Richtung (28) mit entsprechenden Zugleisten (6) verbunden ist. - Quetschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 oder 17 - 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringsteg (7) zwischen zwei benachbarten, mit ihm verbundenen Zugleisten (6) auf der der Ringnut (23) gegenüberliegenden Seite bogenförmig ausgebildet ist. - Quetsch- und Schneidvorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von gebrauchten Behältern, insbesondere Bechern (3), mit wenigstens einem Schneidwerk (30) zum Zerkleinern der gebrauchten Behälter, welches ein erstes Schneidwerkzeug (10) zum Zerschneiden der Behälter in parallele Streifen (11) und ein zweites Schneidwerkzeug (12) für die Übernahme der Streifen (11) am Ausgang des ersten Schneidwerkzeugs (10) und zum Zerschneiden der Streifen (11) in Querrichtung aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Quetschvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 22 zur Weiterverarbeitung der gequetschten Behälter dem ersten Schneidwerkzeug (10) zugeordnet ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 23,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Paar von Einzug- und Quetschwalzen (2) der Quetschvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 17 - 22 dem ersten Schneidwerkzeug (10) vorgeordnet ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 23 oder 24,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Schneidwerkzeug (12) zwei gegenläufig drehbare Walzen (13, 14) aufweist, welche einen Walzenspalt für den Durchgang der Streifen (11) begrenzen. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 25,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der zwei gegenläufig drehbaren Walzen (13, 14) als Schneidwalze (13) ausgebildet ist und eine Anzahl von Messern (15) aufweist, welche jeweils mit einer Schneidkante (16) ausgebildet sind, die sich entlang einer Schraubenlinie über die Umfangsfläche der Schneidwalze (13) erstreckt. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 25,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der zwei gegenläufig drehbaren Walzen (13, 14) als Schneidwalze (13) ausgebildet ist und eine Anzahl von Messern (15) ausweist, welche jeweils mit einer Schneidkante (16) ausgebildet sind, die sich entlang der axialen Richtung (28) erstreckt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 26 oder 27,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidwalze (13) eine Anzahl von in Umfangsrichtung beabstandeten Axialnuten (34) aufweist, in der jeweils zumindest ein Messer (15) lösbar befestigt ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 28,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Axialnut (34) in Richtung Drehachse (35) der Schneidwalze (13) konvergiert und das Messer (15) an eine seitliche Nutwand (36, 37) durch eine in der Axialnut (34) lösbar befestigte Klemmleiste (38) gedrückt ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 29,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klemmleiste (38) im Querschnitt kegelstumpfförmig ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 29 oder 30,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Messer (15) an jeder Nutwand (36, 37) mittels der Klemmleiste (38) angedrückt ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 29 bis 31,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nutwand (36, 37) einen Anlageabsatz (39) zur Anlage eines unteren, in der Axialnut (34) eingesetzten Endes (40) des Messers (15) aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 31 oder 32,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Messer (15) an beiden Enden (40, 41) mit Schneidkanten (16) ausgebildet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ITMO950157 | 1995-11-17 | ||
IT95MO000157A IT1279880B1 (it) | 1995-11-17 | 1995-11-17 | Dispositivo per schiacciare contenitori usati |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0774300A1 EP0774300A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
EP0774300B1 true EP0774300B1 (de) | 2002-03-20 |
Family
ID=11385961
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP96118462A Expired - Lifetime EP0774300B1 (de) | 1995-11-17 | 1996-11-18 | Quetschvorrichtung und Aufbereitungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0774300B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE214638T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59608913D1 (de) |
IT (1) | IT1279880B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB9828390D0 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 1999-02-17 | Newman Philip W L | Waste product processing apparatus and methods |
AU7891000A (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-15 | John Dobozy | Method and apparatus for recovering an elastomeric material |
ITRM20090262A1 (it) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-23 | Stefano Ceccarelli | "apparato per la compattazione di contenitori di plastica e/o di carta" |
FR2949081B1 (fr) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-07-22 | Jean-Francois Roux | Moulin a bouteilles plastiques pour reduire les bouteilles en petits morceaux |
US10195805B2 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2019-02-05 | Hermann Schwelling | Pressure roller for an apparatus for compaction of empty beverage containers |
DE102014105672B4 (de) | 2014-04-22 | 2020-10-29 | Hermann Schwelling | Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken von Behältern |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2749482C2 (de) * | 1977-11-04 | 1986-01-09 | Feinwerktechnik Schleicher & Co, 7778 Markdorf | Schneidwalze eines Reißwerkes |
DE2944627A1 (de) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-10 | Conair | Pelletisierer |
US4613087A (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1986-09-23 | Uniroyal Tire Company, Inc. | Scrap tire cutting apparatus |
US4784251A (en) | 1987-01-16 | 1988-11-15 | Environmental Products Corporation | Reverse vending machine |
US5060875A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1991-10-29 | Nelmor Company, Inc. | Granulator knife |
US5211109A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-05-18 | Determan Jerome A | Beverage can crusher |
GB9316231D0 (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1993-09-22 | Acco Rexel Group Services Plc | Improvements relating to the shredding of plastic cups |
-
1995
- 1995-11-17 IT IT95MO000157A patent/IT1279880B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1996
- 1996-11-18 DE DE59608913T patent/DE59608913D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-18 AT AT96118462T patent/ATE214638T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-18 EP EP96118462A patent/EP0774300B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IT1279880B1 (it) | 1997-12-18 |
EP0774300A1 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
ITMO950157A0 (it) | 1995-11-17 |
DE59608913D1 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
ITMO950157A1 (it) | 1997-05-17 |
ATE214638T1 (de) | 2002-04-15 |
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