EP0758693B1 - Demi-produit pour matériau composite - Google Patents

Demi-produit pour matériau composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0758693B1
EP0758693B1 EP95112661A EP95112661A EP0758693B1 EP 0758693 B1 EP0758693 B1 EP 0758693B1 EP 95112661 A EP95112661 A EP 95112661A EP 95112661 A EP95112661 A EP 95112661A EP 0758693 B1 EP0758693 B1 EP 0758693B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finished product
threads
semi
product according
yarns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95112661A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0758693A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Buck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BUCK, ALFRED
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE59509754T priority Critical patent/DE59509754D1/de
Priority to AT95112661T priority patent/ATE207554T1/de
Priority to EP95112661A priority patent/EP0758693B1/fr
Publication of EP0758693A1 publication Critical patent/EP0758693A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0758693B1 publication Critical patent/EP0758693B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/041—Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/01—Surface features
    • D10B2403/011—Dissimilar front and back faces
    • D10B2403/0114—Dissimilar front and back faces with one or more yarns appearing predominantly on one face, e.g. plated or paralleled yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • Thermoplastic materials are generally suitable very good at producing complicated molded parts. For this different approaches are known.
  • thermoplastic can take the form of Pellets are present and are in appropriate injection molding machines melted and into the injection mold Pressure filled. Such molded parts have only one limited strength that is due solely to the properties of the thermoplastic results. However, with the injection molding process so far essentially only parts that can be produced too unfavorable ratio between the wall thickness and the area of the wall in question.
  • thermoplastic first as to extrude large film, which is then deep-drawn is brought into its final form.
  • these parts have low strength.
  • Another technique is used applied, which is that long glass fibers in a not yet fully cured thermoplastic Resin be embedded and this tough mass in a form is given in which the mass is in the appropriate Form is formed and cured.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the limited shelf life of the semi-finished product, which tends to develop in the course of Time to harden completely so that it is no longer the desired, approximately chewing gum-like consistency. In the hardened Condition can usually be complicated Forms can no longer be introduced.
  • hybrid yarn that consists of approx. 64% carbon fibers and 38% polyamide fibers.
  • This yarn becomes one processed textile fabrics, for example a Knitted fabric. By exposure to heat while pressing at the same time of the knitted fabric can be a fiber-reinforced molded body be generated.
  • this hybrid yarn an extreme static charge when Knitting shows. The strong electrostatic charge hinders the knitting process, so that knitting or acting is not practically possible.
  • the hybrid yarn can only be combined with other textile fabrics, such as fabrics, Scrims and bobbins are processed, i.e. in processes, where the electrostatic charge is not occurs or does not bother.
  • the manufacturing operation the mixing ratio between the two materials don't vary.
  • the mixing ratio is due to the Structure of the hybrid yarn is fixed.
  • EP 0 310 200 A2 describes knitted fabrics which consist of two threads exist with different melting point. About the spatial distribution of the threads in the knitted fabric is nothing carried out further.
  • the use of the knitwear made from threads consists of two types of material, ensures that in each sufficiently large volume element of the textile fabric comparable amounts of the first and second materials available.
  • the semi-finished product so produced can be inserted into any shape that just warms need to be the thermoplastic second material to melt, i.e. to a temperature above of the glass transition point so that it is cohesive, i.e. permanent and firm with the threads can connect from the first material. Because of the even or uniform distribution of the threads of the second material in the semi-finished product is the as Binder-serving thermoplastic already inherently at the point where he pulls the strings of the first material should stick together.
  • the semi-finished product has the advantage that the mixing ratio between the two materials in manufacturing Operation is freely selectable.
  • thermoplastic over the entire area of the semi-finished product is available evenly distributed, the size of the finished product to be manufactured is practical unlimited.
  • stacking several layers of the semi-finished product according to the invention can be of any strength and workpieces of any size without further ado getting produced.
  • Semi-finished product is that fully cured and thus durable thermoplastic used becomes.
  • the semi-finished product is not subject to any processing special aging, the subsequent processing would complicate. It's neither sticky, either are special precautions for handling necessary, as is the case with some not fully cured Thermoplastics is the case.
  • the semi-finished product is essentially not together connected individual threads, it can also easily can be brought into almost any shape. One. Reshaping when inserting into the relevant shaping tool it does not oppose any special forces.
  • the second material expediently has a shape memory, such that when heated above a predetermined Temperature and subsequent cooling down the course that it held during the warming. This can be achieved in the manufacture the structure of the semi-finished product in a certain way is set, for example, by the threads of the first material is formed under a predetermined structure Bias are kept.
  • the first material is preferably not an organic material and can be made of materials such as metal, ceramic or other inorganic compounds can be selected.
  • the mechanical structure of the threads of the first material and the threads of the second material can be made accordingly the mechanical requirements in manufacturing, processing or the requirements for the finished product to be selected.
  • Carbon fibers or similar fibers are continuous fibers under certain circumstances can only be manufactured to a limited extent, which is why yarns from staple fibers can be useful there.
  • the long mesh legs in turn result in a good one Strength of the semi-finished product produced according to the invention Finished product.
  • the threads can be made from the first and the second material either randomly distributed on the front and the back, which makes it easy uniform penetration of the first threads formed knits with the thermoplastic Material is achieved.
  • a so-called plated goods are used, in which the thermoplastic thread only on one and the non-thermoplastic thread on the other side located.
  • Such a semi-finished product becomes a finished product processed can be by brief exposure of heat a full penetration of the knitted fabric from the threads of the first material through the thermoplastic Plastic can be prevented, resulting in one side the knitted character is retained.
  • the processing of the semi-finished product can be simplified, if it is as a flat fabric with a certain internal tension is pre-fixed.
  • This pre-fixation can either be achieved by the semi-finished product is heated to a temperature at which the second material not yet cohesive with other parts of the semi-finished product connects, but already shape memory the state is reprogrammed during the warming occupies. Then let it cool down then keep the threads of the at ambient temperature second material essentially their shape into which brought them to the fixing temperature during heating were.
  • Such a semi-finished product is still very elastic.
  • the proportion of threads of the same material depends on the strength of the finished product or that in the finished product contained binder content.
  • the right / left knitted fabric consists of two threads 4 and 5 from a first and one second material. These two threads 4 and 5 are common entangled, and that is how they become when entangled inserted into the needles of the respective knitting machine, that randomly and randomly distributed the thread 4 or the thread 5 on the front or right side of the knitted fabric 20 appears. For example, with one Stitch 21 of thread 4 in left stitch leg 22 in front, while he is in the right mesh leg 23 on the viewer facing back runs.
  • the first material from which the thread 4 is made is preferred not an organic material, but a material that of the materials metal, ceramic or other inorganic Compounds like mineral fibers is selected.
  • the thread 5, however, consists of a thermoplastic Plastic.
  • a thermoplastic material Plastic in question, which is suitable for heating cohesive with yourself or the material for the first thread 4 to connect. If liability is insufficient, there is also the possibility that to coat the first thread 4 with a third material, that as an adhesion promoter or bond bridge between serves the second material and the first material.
  • the threads 4 can be yarns, spun fiber yarns, continuous yarns, Monifile, plied yarns or threads, as well the threads 5 yarns, spun fiber yarn, continuous yarn, monofilament, can be plied yarns or threads, whereby the type of thread 4 differ from the type of thread 5 can.
  • the threads 5 are expediently from the second Material, the thermoplastic, continuous yarn or monofilament or threads made from it, since it corresponding continuous filaments is readily possible to manufacture.
  • the knitted fabric 20 can be a flat knitted fabric on a flat knitting machine or as a hose on a circular knitting machine be generated. It expediently becomes immediate after knitting fixed by heating, taking two Cases can be distinguished. In one case the Fix the temperature of the knitted fabric 20 only increased so far that the existing of the thermoplastic Thread 5 is not yet melting, but straight just force-free assumes the course that the knitted fabric 20 during fixation due to external forces assumes. Then the knitted fabric 20 is left without the outside attacking forces change again Cool to room temperature, so that the threads 5 from the thermoplastic Plastic permanently in the desired mesh structure are reshaped. Even when you take the knitted fabric 20 does not jump under external prestressing forces more back to its original shape. Such a way prefixed knitted fabric 20 has practically the original Pliability and can be done without effort bring it into almost any shape, practically wrinkle-free.
  • Another way of pre-fixing is to increase the temperature of the knitted fabric 20 until locally the thread 5 made of the thermoplastic material becomes sticky on the surface and becomes at the crossing points with the others above or below Threads 4, 5 cohesively. After cooling at ambient temperature is a selective already get consolidated tissue that is much stiffer than that which is obtained when the heating temperature is only pushed so far until the shape memory of the thermoplastic on the other course the thread 4 is reprogrammed.
  • the knitted fabric 20 thus obtained can be used by the user in a heated mold are inserted, the semi-finished product 1 brings a temperature at which the threads 5 from the second Melt the material so that its material is even distributed over the entire surface and thereby the threads embedded in the melted material 4 made of the first material Bonding connects. After cooling, one becomes in itself stiff and solidified molded part that also just be can get.
  • the knitted fabric 20 shown in Fig. 1 can either Finished product if, for example, a wallpaper should form or it is a semi-finished product from which, as before described, molded parts can be pressed.
  • pressing represent those made of thermoplastic Threads the evenly distributed binder supply with the help of those embedded in the finished molded part Reinforcement from the entangled threads 4 is wrapped.
  • the ratio between the amount of Binder to the amount of reinforcement insert by the Volume ratio between the threads 4 and the threads 5 can be controlled or adjusted.
  • thermoplastic binder Because the thread 4 from the thermoplastic material happens to be distributed on the front and back of the Knitted fabric 20 lies when pressing the semi-finished product in the corresponding shaped body, a shaped body in which the insert runs largely in the middle, i.e. at both The side of the insert is a thermoplastic binder available.
  • a major advantage is that the with processed thread 5 or possibly several threads 5 made of thermoplastic material practically no aging have, with which the semifinished product 20 or 30 any length can be stored in the molded part until processing. Moreover is the thread 5 made of thermoplastic material not sticky at ambient temperature, which results in further processing also represents a significant advantage.
  • thermoplastic Plastic is in every volume element of the Semi-finished product 20 or 30 the same stock of binder, formed by the thread 5 made of thermoplastic material.
  • the binder only needs to be stretched when pressed according to the size of the mesh size. Thereby can make large-scale, rationally shaped parts are produced, which otherwise only with the help of a Laminating technology would be producible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini (20, 30) approprié pour la fabrication de pièces de forme, se composant d'un tissu maillé et tricoté droite/gauche dans lequel au moins un fil (4) d'une première matière et au moins un fil (5) d'une deuxième matière sont traités, et dans lequel chaque maille est constituée de fils (4) de la première matière et de fils (5) de la deuxième matière,
    où au moins la deuxième matière est thermoplastique,
    où la deuxième matière présente une température de ramollissement qui est plus basse que la température de ramollissement de la première matière,
    où la deuxième matière est une matière qui, lors du réchauffement au-delà d'une température prédéterminée, se combine avec la première matière et avec elle-même pour former une étoffe,
    où les fils (4) de la première matière et les fils (5) de la deuxième matière sont répartis de façon uniforme sur la surface du dessin de surface, et
    où les fils (4) de la première matière et les fils (5) de la deuxième matière sont répartis de façon aléatoire sur la face d'endroit ou sur la face d'envers.
  2. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fils (4) de la première matière sont recouverts d'une troisième matière.
  3. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième matière présente une mémoire de forme, de façon telle que, lors du réchauffement au-delà d'une température prédéterminée et lors du refroidissement qui s'ensuit, cette deuxième matière conserve la texture qu'elle a au cours du réchauffement.
  4. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première matière n'est pas une matière organique.
  5. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la première matière est sélectionnée parmi les matières telles que le métal, la céramique et d'autres composés inorganiques.
  6. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fils (4) de la première matière sont ou présentent des fils à fibres textiles, des filaments sans fin, des monofils, des fils assemblés ou des fils retors.
  7. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que au moins les fils (4) de la première matière présentent des monofibres ou des fibres discontinues.
  8. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que au moins les fils (4) de la première matière sont des fils tors.
  9. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fils (5) de la deuxième matière sont ou présentent des fils à fibres textiles, des filaments sans fin, des monofils, des fils assemblés ou des fils retors.
  10. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que au moins les fils (5) de la deuxième matière présentent des monofibres ou des fibres discontinues.
  11. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que au moins les fils (5) de la deuxième matière sont des fils tors.
  12. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tissu maillé (20, 30) est pré-étiré au moins dans une direction et en ce qu'il est fixé en position d'étirage.
  13. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon les revendications 1 et 12, caractérisé en ce que la direction est parallèle aux colonnes de mailles.
  14. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les mailles (21) du tissu maillé présentent des mailles dont les côtés (22, 23) ont une longueur comprise entre 2 mm et 12 mm, de préférence entre 4 mm et 8 mm et, de préférence, de 6 mm.
  15. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dessin de surface textile (20, 30) est chauffé, pour la fixation, à une température où le dessin de surface prend une forme correspondant au pré-étirage, cette forme étant conservée après refroidissement à température ambiante.
  16. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dessin de surface textile (20, 30) est chauffé, pour la fixation, à une température où au moins quelques fils (5) de la deuxième matière se combinent aux fils (4) de la première matière, ou de son revêtement, pour former une étoffe.
  17. Produit fini ou produit semi-fini selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la part de volume de la deuxième matière par rapport à la part de volume de la première matière est comprise entre 10 % et 60 %, de préférence entre 10 % et 40 %.
  18. Tapis se composant d'un produit fini ou d'un produit semi-fini selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes.
EP95112661A 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Demi-produit pour matériau composite Expired - Lifetime EP0758693B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59509754T DE59509754D1 (de) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Halbzeug für Verbundwerkstoff
AT95112661T ATE207554T1 (de) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Halbzeug für verbundwerkstoff
EP95112661A EP0758693B1 (fr) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Demi-produit pour matériau composite

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95112661A EP0758693B1 (fr) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Demi-produit pour matériau composite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0758693A1 EP0758693A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
EP0758693B1 true EP0758693B1 (fr) 2001-10-24

Family

ID=8219515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95112661A Expired - Lifetime EP0758693B1 (fr) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Demi-produit pour matériau composite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0758693B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE207554T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59509754D1 (fr)

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US8839532B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2014-09-23 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component
US8881430B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2014-11-11 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component
US8959959B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2015-02-24 Nike, Inc. Knitted component for an article of footwear including a full monofilament upper
US8959800B2 (en) 2006-11-10 2015-02-24 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a flat knit upper construction or other upper construction
US8973410B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2015-03-10 Nike, Inc. Method of knitting a gusseted tongue for a knitted component
US8997529B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2015-04-07 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear including a monofilament knit element with peripheral knit portions
US8997530B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2015-04-07 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear including a monofilament knit element with a fusible strand
US9027260B2 (en) 2008-12-18 2015-05-12 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having an upper incorporating a knitted component
US9032763B2 (en) 2012-02-20 2015-05-19 Nike, Inc. Method of knitting a knitted component with an integral knit tongue
US9078488B1 (en) 2014-09-30 2015-07-14 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a lenticular knit structure
US9084449B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2015-07-21 Nike, Inc. Method of knitting a knitted component for an article of footwear
US9192204B1 (en) 2014-09-30 2015-11-24 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear upper incorporating a textile component with tensile elements
US9295298B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2016-03-29 Nike, Inc. Footwear uppers with knitted tongue elements
US9301567B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2016-04-05 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with monofilament areas
US9375045B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2016-06-28 Nike, Inc. Knitted component with adjustable knitted portion
US9375046B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2016-06-28 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with inlaid tensile elements and method of assembly
US9392835B2 (en) 2013-08-29 2016-07-19 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with an integral knit ankle cuff
US9445649B2 (en) 2010-08-02 2016-09-20 Nike, Inc. Method of lasting an article of footwear
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US9567696B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2017-02-14 Nike, Inc. Method of manufacturing a knitted component
US9578919B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2017-02-28 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having an upper with knitted elements
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US11589637B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-02-28 Adidas Ag Layered shoe upper
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US9861160B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2018-01-09 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component
US9404206B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-08-02 Nike, Inc. Feeder for knitting machine having pushing member
US9226540B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-01-05 Nike, Inc. Method of knitting a knitted component with a vertically inlaid tensile element
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US9371603B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-06-21 Nike, Inc. Feeder for knitting machine with friction reducing features
US9545128B2 (en) 2013-03-04 2017-01-17 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with tensile strand
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US9936757B2 (en) 2013-03-04 2018-04-10 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with integrally knit contoured portion
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US11666113B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2023-06-06 Adidas Ag Shoe with knitted outer sole
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US10299531B2 (en) 2013-05-14 2019-05-28 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component for a heel portion of an upper
US10092058B2 (en) 2013-09-05 2018-10-09 Nike, Inc. Method of forming an article of footwear incorporating a knitted upper with tensile strand
US9220318B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2015-12-29 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with adjustable fitting system
US10524542B2 (en) 2013-11-22 2020-01-07 Nike, Inc. Sole structure with side stiffener for article of footwear
US9723890B2 (en) 2013-11-22 2017-08-08 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component with body and heel portions
DE102014202432B4 (de) 2014-02-11 2017-07-27 Adidas Ag Verbesserter Fußballschuh
US10368606B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2019-08-06 Nike, Inc. Resilient knitted component with wave features
US10194711B2 (en) 2014-05-06 2019-02-05 Nike, Inc. Packaged dyed knitted component
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DE59509754D1 (de) 2001-11-29
ATE207554T1 (de) 2001-11-15

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