EP0748930B1 - Method for detecting operating failures in a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for detecting operating failures in a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0748930B1
EP0748930B1 EP96106869A EP96106869A EP0748930B1 EP 0748930 B1 EP0748930 B1 EP 0748930B1 EP 96106869 A EP96106869 A EP 96106869A EP 96106869 A EP96106869 A EP 96106869A EP 0748930 B1 EP0748930 B1 EP 0748930B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
internal combustion
combustion engine
fuel injection
detected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96106869A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0748930A2 (en
EP0748930A3 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Augustin
Volker Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
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Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP0748930A2 publication Critical patent/EP0748930A2/en
Publication of EP0748930A3 publication Critical patent/EP0748930A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0748930B1 publication Critical patent/EP0748930B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F02D2041/225Leakage detection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602Fuel pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/31Control of the fuel pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for recognizing Malfunctions in a fuel injection system Internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 specified features.
  • a method is known from EP 0 501 459 A2 in which a high pressure fuel pump under high pressure in a for common supply line provided for all nozzles (Common Rail) is promoted.
  • this injection system are means for Detection of operational malfunctions used, e.g. faulty working high pressure pumps can be determined.
  • JP-A-62 13051 describes a method for identifying malfunctions known in a fuel injection system, at that between two injection processes of at least two given At any time the pressure applied is recorded and at If a pressure difference occurs the leakage is determined.
  • the determination of the pressure curve can be difficult or even be faulty if the fuel volumes between the pressure pump and the nozzles or injectors are small. In this case the system pressure is strongly influenced by reflection waves. Moreover the pressure control in the system would have small leaks want to compensate for this by increasing the delivery capacity of the pressure pump.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, if present small fuel volumes between pressure pumps and injectors through special measures a safe control over occurring Leakage of components in the fuel injection system to enable.
  • a fuel injection system 1 is a multi-cylinder Internal combustion engine 2 shown, which consists essentially of a Demand-controlled high-pressure pump 3 and from an injection line system 4 with one for all solenoid valve controlled Nozzles or injectors 5,6,7,8 provided common High pressure supply line 9 exists.
  • a pressure sensor designated 10 measures the actual pressure in the High pressure supply line 9. Deviations from the target pressure in the respective operating area are identified by an electronic Control unit 11 compensated by a controlled adjusting member 12 regulates the predetermined pressure on the high-pressure pump 3.
  • the pressure sensor 10 is not only used to regulate the high-pressure control circuit for maintaining a certain pressure level, but is also used to determine leaks in the high-pressure-side line system.
  • the pressure sensor 10 detects the respective pressure at the predetermined times t 1 and t2 (FIG. 2).
  • the time t 1 can be selected after the transition to overrun at the earliest within the second revolution of the crankshaft for determining the rail pressure.
  • the first revolution of the crankshaft can be used to calm the pressure fluctuations in the system.
  • the rail pressure is measured at several points in time, for example within ten revolutions of the crankshaft, and the pressure drop rate is determined from the measurements, which is displayed as a fault when a certain limit value is exceeded.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Erkennen von Betriebsstörungen in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine nach den im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a method for recognizing Malfunctions in a fuel injection system Internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 specified features.

Aus der EP 0 501 459 A2 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem von einer Hochdruckpumpe Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck in eine für alle Düsen vorgesehenen gemeinsamen Versorgungsleitung (Common Rail) gefördert wird. Bei diesem Einspritzsystem sind Mittel zum Aufspüren von Betriebsstörungen eingesetzt, durch die z.B. fehlerhaft arbeitende Hochdruckpumpen ermittelt werden können.A method is known from EP 0 501 459 A2 in which a high pressure fuel pump under high pressure in a for common supply line provided for all nozzles (Common Rail) is promoted. In this injection system are means for Detection of operational malfunctions used, e.g. faulty working high pressure pumps can be determined.

Das hierbei aus den Komponenten, wie Düse bzw. Injektor, gemeinsame Versorgungsleitung, Rückschlagventil und Einspritzleitungen zwischen Injektor und Versorgungsleitung bestehende Einspritzsystem wird ständig mit dem hohen Speicherdruck beaufschlagt. Betriebsstörungen, die z.B. aus Undichtigkeiten dieser Komponenten resultieren, würden einen hohen Kraftstoffverlust bedeuten. Der Speicherdruck in der Versorgungsleitung kann nicht mehr aufgebaut werden. Die Folge ist eine fehlerhafte Einspritzung und damit eine Betriebsstörung des Motors, die bei nicht frühzeitigem Erkennen zum Ausfall des Gesamtsystems führen kann.The common here from the components, such as nozzle or injector Supply line, check valve and injection lines existing injection system between injector and supply line is constantly subjected to the high storage pressure. Malfunctions, e.g. from leaks in these components would result in high fuel loss. The Storage pressure in the supply line can no longer build up become. The result is a faulty injection and thus a malfunction of the engine, which occurs if the Detection can lead to failure of the overall system.

Aus der JP-A-62 13051 ist ein Verfahren zum Erkennen von Betriebsstörungen in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage bekannt, bei dem zwischen zwei Einspritzvorgängen der an mindestens zwei vorgegebenen Zeitpunkten jeweils anliegende Druck erfaßt und bei Auftreten einer Druckdifferenz die Leckage festgestellt wird. JP-A-62 13051 describes a method for identifying malfunctions known in a fuel injection system, at that between two injection processes of at least two given At any time the pressure applied is recorded and at If a pressure difference occurs the leakage is determined.

Die Ermittlung des Druckverlaufs kann aber erschwert oder gar fehlerhaft sein, wenn die Kraftstoffvolumina zwischen der Druckpumpe und den Düsen bzw. Injektoren klein sind. In diesem Fall wird der Systemdruck von Reflexionswellen stark beeinflußt. Außerdem würde die Druckregelung im System kleine Undichtigkeiten durch erhöhte Förderleistung der Druckpumpe ausgleichen wollen.The determination of the pressure curve can be difficult or even be faulty if the fuel volumes between the pressure pump and the nozzles or injectors are small. In this case the system pressure is strongly influenced by reflection waves. Moreover the pressure control in the system would have small leaks want to compensate for this by increasing the delivery capacity of the pressure pump.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei Vorliegen kleiner Kraftstoffvolumina zwischen Druckpumpen und Injektoren durch besondere Maßnahmen eine sichere Kontrolle über auftretende Undichtigkeiten von Komponenten in der Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage zu ermöglichen.The invention is therefore based on the object, if present small fuel volumes between pressure pumps and injectors through special measures a safe control over occurring Leakage of components in the fuel injection system to enable.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe dienen die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale.To solve the problem serve in the characterizing part of the claim 1 specified characteristics.

In dem Unteranspruch ist noch eine förderliche Weiterbildung der Erfindung angegeben.In the subclaim is a further training of the Invention specified.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritte gemäß Anspruch 1, nämlich in dem einen Block zwischen dem Ende einer Einspritzung und dem Förderbeginn oder in dem anderen Block zwischen dem Ende der Förderung und dem Beginn der Einspritzung den Druck mindestens zweier Zeitpunkte des jeweilig zugeordneten Blocks erst frühestens ab der zweiten Umdrehung der Kurbelwelle nach dem Übergang in den Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine zu erfassen und die ermittelte Druckdifferenz bei Überschreiten eines definierten Grenzwertes anzuzeigen, können somit auf einfache Weise kleine Undichtigkeiten aufgespürt werden.By the method steps according to the invention according to claim 1, namely in the one block between the end of an injection and the start of funding or in the other block between the end the promotion and the beginning of the injection at least the pressure two times of the respective assigned block first at the earliest from the second revolution of the crankshaft after Transition to overrun to detect the internal combustion engine and the determined pressure difference when a defined one is exceeded Limit values can be displayed easily small leaks can be detected.

Eine detaillierte Aussage über die Undichtigkeiten kann besonders dann getroffen werden, wenn die Druckerfassungen innerhalb von mehreren Umdrehungen der Kurbelwelle, insbesondere von zehn Umdrehungen, erfolgen. A detailed statement about the leaks can be special then be taken when the pressure detections are inside of several revolutions of the crankshaft, in particular ten Revolutions.

Die Erfindung wird in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage mit einer Druckversorgungsleitung als gemeinsame Hochdruckversorgungsleitung für alle magnetventilgesteuerten Düsen bzw. Injektoren,
Fig. 2
in einem Diagramm den Druckverlauf bei undichtem System im Schubbetrieb, bei dem die Förderung und die Einspritzung abgeschaltet ist.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing and explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a fuel injection system with a pressure supply line as a common high-pressure supply line for all solenoid valve-controlled nozzles or injectors,
Fig. 2
the pressure curve in the case of a leaky system in overrun mode in which the delivery and injection are switched off in a diagram.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 1 einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine 2 gezeigt, die im wesentlichen aus einer bedarfsgeregelten Hochdruckpumpe 3 sowie aus einem Einspritzleitungssystem 4 mit einer für alle magnetventilgesteuerten Düsen bzw. Injektoren 5,6,7,8 vorgesehenen gemeinsamen Hochdruckversorgungsleitung 9 besteht.In Fig. 1, a fuel injection system 1 is a multi-cylinder Internal combustion engine 2 shown, which consists essentially of a Demand-controlled high-pressure pump 3 and from an injection line system 4 with one for all solenoid valve controlled Nozzles or injectors 5,6,7,8 provided common High pressure supply line 9 exists.

Ein mit 10 bezeichneter Drucksensor mißt den Ist-Druck in der Hochdruckversorgungsleitung 9. Abweichungen vom Soll-Druck in dem jeweiligen Betriebsbereich werden durch eine elektronische Steuereinheit 11 ausgeglichen, indem ein angesteuertes Verstellorgan 12 an der Hochdruckpumpe 3 den vorgegebenen Druck einregelt.A pressure sensor designated 10 measures the actual pressure in the High pressure supply line 9. Deviations from the target pressure in the respective operating area are identified by an electronic Control unit 11 compensated by a controlled adjusting member 12 regulates the predetermined pressure on the high-pressure pump 3.

Der Drucksensor 10 dient nicht allein zur Regulierung des Hochdruckregelkreises für die Einhaltung eines bestimmten Druckniveaus, sondern wird auch zur Ermittlung von Undichtigkeiten im hochdruckseitigen Leitungssystem herangezogen. Der Drucksensor 10 erfaßt den jeweiligen Druck zum vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt t1 und t2 (Fig.2).The pressure sensor 10 is not only used to regulate the high-pressure control circuit for maintaining a certain pressure level, but is also used to determine leaks in the high-pressure-side line system. The pressure sensor 10 detects the respective pressure at the predetermined times t 1 and t2 (FIG. 2).

Bei störungsfreiem, also dichtem Leitungssystem ergibt sich gemäß Fig.2 ein mit durchgehender Linie dargestellter Druckverlauf. Es liegt keine nennenswerte Druckdifferenz zwischen den ermittelten Drücken bei t1 und t2. Bei undichtem System ergibt sich ein mit unterbrochener Linie dargestellter Druckverlauf bzw. Druckabfall.In the case of a fault-free, that is, dense line system, the pressure curve shown with a solid line results according to FIG. There is no significant pressure difference between the determined pressures at t 1 and t 2 . If the system is leaky, the pressure curve or pressure drop is shown with a broken line.

Für den Fall, daß im System zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe und den Injektoren kleine Undichtigkeiten auftreten, wird bei jedem Übergang vom normalen Betrieb in den Schubbetrieb - erkennbar am Signal eines Fahrpedalgebers - zusätzlich zu den in diesem Betriebszustand ohnehin abgeschalteten Injektoren auch die Hochdruckpumpe auf Nullförderung eingestellt.In the event that in the system between the high pressure pump and the Injectors will experience small leaks with everyone Transition from normal to push operation - recognizable by Signal from an accelerator pedal - in addition to those in this operating state the injectors, which were switched off anyway, also the high-pressure pump set to zero funding.

Der Zeitpunkt t1 kann nach dem Übergang in den Schubbetrieb frühestens innerhalb der zweiten Umdrehung der Kurbelwelle für die Ermittlung des Raildrucks ausgewählt werden. Die erste Umdrehung der Kurbelwelle kann dabei zur Beruhigung der Druckschwingungen im System benutzt werden. Der Raildruck wird an mehreren Zeitpunkten gemessen, z.B. innerhalb von zehn Umdrehungen der Kurbelwelle, und aus den Messungen die Druckabfallrate ermittelt, die bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Grenzwertes als Störung angezeigt wird.The time t 1 can be selected after the transition to overrun at the earliest within the second revolution of the crankshaft for determining the rail pressure. The first revolution of the crankshaft can be used to calm the pressure fluctuations in the system. The rail pressure is measured at several points in time, for example within ten revolutions of the crankshaft, and the pressure drop rate is determined from the measurements, which is displayed as a fault when a certain limit value is exceeded.

Claims (2)

  1. A method of detecting operating faults in a fuel injection system, in which fuel is conveyed by a pressure pump to a pressure supply line and delivered to nozzles co-operating with cylinders of an internal combustion engine for injection,
    characterised in that
    when the internal combustion engine is in thrust mode, the nozzles (5-8) being shut down and the high-pressure pump (3) being at zero delivery, the prevailing pressure is detected at least at two respective predetermined points in time (t1; t2) and the detected pressure differential is not indicated as a fault until a defined threshold value is exceeded, and in that the times (t1; t2) at which the pressure is detected are fixed at the earliest as being with effect from the second rotation of the crankshaft following the switch to thrust mode.
  2. A method as claimed in claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the times (t1; t2) are detected at least within one rotation of the crankshaft, preferably within ten rotations.
EP96106869A 1995-06-15 1996-05-02 Method for detecting operating failures in a fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0748930B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19521791 1995-06-15
DE19521791A DE19521791A1 (en) 1995-06-15 1995-06-15 Method for detecting malfunctions in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine

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EP0748930A2 EP0748930A2 (en) 1996-12-18
EP0748930A3 EP0748930A3 (en) 1998-01-14
EP0748930B1 true EP0748930B1 (en) 2000-08-09

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EP (1) EP0748930B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19521791A1 (en)

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DE59605704D1 (en) 2000-09-14
US5708202A (en) 1998-01-13
DE19521791A1 (en) 1996-12-19
EP0748930A3 (en) 1998-01-14

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