EP0746729A1 - Dispositif de chauffage a combustible liquide pour vehicule - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage a combustible liquide pour vehicule

Info

Publication number
EP0746729A1
EP0746729A1 EP95908198A EP95908198A EP0746729A1 EP 0746729 A1 EP0746729 A1 EP 0746729A1 EP 95908198 A EP95908198 A EP 95908198A EP 95908198 A EP95908198 A EP 95908198A EP 0746729 A1 EP0746729 A1 EP 0746729A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
vehicle heater
holes
burner
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95908198A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen SCHMID
Adolf Schodt
Fritz Mohring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0746729A1 publication Critical patent/EP0746729A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/263—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body with a dry-wall combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/124—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and being formed of pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding
    • F28F2275/062—Fastening; Joining by welding by impact pressure or friction welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle heating device operated with liquid fuel with a burner producing hot exhaust gas (burner exhaust gas) and a combustion chamber spatially adjoining the burner, which is surrounded by a heat exchanger on the one hand, possibly with the interposition of a deflection device for the burner exhaust gas the burner exhaust gas and, on the other hand, flow along a heat transfer medium, ribs projecting into the flow and extending in the main flow direction being arranged on the heat exchanger, which are formed by essentially U-shaped, V-shaped or the like. Lamellae are formed, which have openings on their legs for swirling the medium flowing around them.
  • Vehicle heaters of this type are independent of the drive motor of the vehicle in question. All vehicles, but also caravan trailers, ships or the like are among vehicles. Roger that. In addition, this basically includes construction machines, such as cranes, especially since such vehicle heaters can also be used to heat crane cabins.
  • the installation of fuel-operated vehicle heaters that are independent of the drive motor in motor vehicles is becoming increasingly difficult, for example, due to ever smaller, fuller engine compartments.
  • a minimal construction volume of such vehicle heaters is therefore fundamentally an important development goal.
  • the vehicle heater should be as light as possible, and thus also, given the power output have a high efficiency.
  • the heat exchanger has a significant share in the volume and weight of a vehicle heater. In this the heat of the burner exhaust gas is transferred to a heat transfer medium (water or air).
  • DE-C-32 08 828 An air heater relevant in the present context is described in DE-U-90 02 588.
  • shaped ribs are attached to the heat exchanger in order to improve the heat transfer from the burner exhaust gas to the burner exhaust gas surface and from there to the heat transfer medium (water) .
  • surface-enlarging ribs are provided on the air-side surface of the heat exchanger. Such. Surface-enlarging ribs can in principle also be located on both sides of the heat exchanger.
  • a vehicle heater of the type outlined at the outset is described in DE-C-32 08 828.
  • the openings provided for swirling the exhaust gas on the legs of the U-shaped lamellae are formed by essentially transversely extending slots, the lamella sections being interleaved between the slots with respect to the longitudinal axis of the lamellae.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a simple and effective vehicle heater with good efficiency of the heat exchanger, which avoids the disadvantages of the known heater.
  • the openings are hole-like.
  • the hole-like openings are circular holes, the diameter of each of which is in particular 2 to 4 mm, preferably 3 mm.
  • the holes in the individual legs are advantageously each arranged in two rows of holes spaced radially from one another, the holes in one row being axially offset from the holes in the other row.
  • the invention solves the problem with particularly simple means.
  • the holes provided according to the invention in the limbs of the lamellae are easy to manufacture. On the other hand, they nevertheless generate sufficient turbulence for good heat transfer, with fins designed in this way, however, opposing the flow only to a minimal flow resistance. Finally, in the embodiment according to the invention, there is no risk of the latter burning off due to the lack of additional portions of the lamella limbs in the flow.
  • the heat exchanger provided with fins designed according to the invention thus has a minimal construction volume and weight with optimum efficiency, which in the result also applies to the entire vehicle heating device.
  • the number of holes per unit length can advantageously decrease in the individual rows of holes in the main flow direction. This feature is based on the knowledge that in order to achieve the highest possible heat transfer coefficient, it is necessary to disturb the formation of the laminar boundary layer.
  • the holes in the front area of the fins opposite to the main flow direction have a greater influence on the heat transfer than in the rear area.
  • the arrangement of a larger number of holes in the front region thus advantageously results in the laminar to turbulent boundary layer turning over earlier.
  • openings for direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger are arranged in the base part of the U-shaped fins, which are fixedly arranged on the heat exchanger, preferably in the form of slots.
  • two to four, preferably three, elongated holes are arranged one behind the other over the axial longitudinal extent of the base part.
  • V-shaped fins on the heat exchanger in which the V-shaped fins, which are each radially directed into the flow, are fixedly arranged on the heat exchanger with foot-like bends provided at the ends of their legs with openings on the foot-like bends, preferably in the form of circular holes arranged for direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger.
  • the openings provided in the base part of the U-shaped lamellae and the openings provided on the foot-like edges of the V-shaped lamellae can be produced in a simple manner, corresponding to the openings in the legs of the lamellae, and also reduce the weight of the heat exchanger and thus of the vehicle heater. They enable direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger in a particularly simple manner.
  • the peripheral surfaces of these openings have a surface-enlarging effect for the heat exchanger. The efficiency of the heat exchanger is thus further improved by these breakthroughs.
  • a connection which is easy to manufacture and which is sufficient with regard to the loads which occur and which also enables good heat transfer is obtained when the fins are connected to the heat exchanger by soldering, roller welding or the like. are attached.
  • a further embodiment of a vehicle heating device with a burner producing hot exhaust gas (burner exhaust gas) and a combustion chamber adjoining the burner, which is surrounded by a heat exchanger, possibly with the interposition of a deflection device for the burner exhaust gas, on the one hand the burner exhaust gas and, on the other hand, flow along a heat transfer medium, wherein elements which protrude into the flow, are arranged essentially radially and are designed to swirl the medium flowing around them, characterized in that the elements are bolt-shaped formed and are firmly connected to the heat exchanger. They can be arranged on the jacket as well as on the bottom - or both - and inter alia as conical bolts be trained.
  • the conical bolts with their larger base area are advantageously fixedly attached to the heat exchanger.
  • the elements are each arranged in rows running in the main flow direction, the bolts of adjacent rows being axially offset from one another.
  • the length of the bolts and / or the number of bolts per unit length of the axial longitudinal extent of the heat exchanger can advantageously decrease in the main flow direction.
  • the bolts can each have a through hole, preferably concentric to their axis of rotation, for direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger.
  • the bolts can advantageously be welded to the heat exchanger by friction welding, resistance welding, in particular bolt welding, or the like. be attached.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section A-A from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a detail from a heat exchanger for illustrating the U-shaped fins according to the invention attached to it
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view analogous to FIG. 3 a section of a heat exchanger to illustrate V-shaped fins and attached to it according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view analogous to FIGS. 3 and 4, a section of a heat exchanger to illustrate bolts according to the invention attached to the heat exchanger.
  • a combustion chamber 3 is arranged in a housing 2, into which a flame 4 generated by a burner (not shown) operated with liquid fuel projects.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is radially delimited by a deflection cylinder 5, which ends on its end face remote from the burner with a sufficient axial distance in front of the adjacent end face of the housing 1.
  • a pot-like heat exchanger 6 is arranged between the deflecting cylinder 5 and the housing 1. In the space 7 between the heat exchanger 6 and the housing 1, water flows as a heat transfer medium in a manner known per se.
  • the burner exhaust gas escaping from the combustion chamber 3 flows according to the arrows 8 into the annular space 9 between the deflecting cylinder 5 and the heat transfer medium 6. After flowing through the annular space 9, the burner exhaust gas is deflected according to arrows 8a in the direction of an outlet nozzle 10, through which the Burner exhaust leaves the water heater of FIG. 1 according to arrow 8b.
  • ribs designed as U-shaped fins 11 are firmly attached to the heat exchanger 6, which run in the main flow direction of the burner exhaust gas 8-8a in the annular channel 9 and whose legs 11a, 11b protrude into the flow of the burner exhaust gas 8-8a.
  • the U-shaped lamellae 11 For swirling the burner exhaust gas 8-8a surrounding them, the U-shaped lamellae 11 have circular holes 12 on their legs 11a, 11b, the diameter of each of which is in particular 2 to 4 mm, preferably 3 mm.
  • the holes 12 in the individual legs 11a, 11b are each arranged in two radially spaced rows of holes 12a, 12b, the holes 12a of one row being axially offset from the holes 12b of the other row.
  • To achieve optimal turbulence generation takes the number of holes 12 per unit length from the individual rows of holes 12a, 12b in the main flow direction.
  • FIG. 3 The features described above are illustrated in FIG. 3 in a perspective view, which, as usual, contains the same reference numbers as mentioned above for the individual parts.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in an analog perspective representation, the configuration of the ribs according to the invention as V-shaped lamellae 14.
  • the lamellae 14 are each directed radially into the flow of the burner exhaust gas 8-8a with their apex 14 'and are also involved in
  • the ends of their legs 14a, 14b are provided with foot-like bends 14c, 14d on the heat exchanger 6.
  • openings for direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger 6 are arranged on the foot-like bends 14c, 14d, preferably in the form of circular holes 14e.
  • the formation and arrangement of the holes 12 or rows of holes 12a, 12b in the legs 14a, 14b of the V-shaped lamellae 14 basically corresponds to the hole formation in the U-shaped lamellae according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the U-shaped and the V-shaped fins are or the like on the heat transfer medium 6 by soldering, roller welding. fastened. 5, conical bolts 15, preferably with a circular cross-section, are arranged on the heat exchanger 6 instead of U-shaped or V-shaped fins.
  • the bolts 15 fixedly attached to the heat exchanger 6 with their larger base area are arranged in rows 15a, 15b, 15c running in the main flow direction, the bolts of adjacent rows being axially offset from one another.
  • the length of the bolts 15 and / or the number of bolts 15 per unit length can decrease in the main flow direction.
  • the bolt 15b obviously has the greatest length, while the downstream bolt 15 'has a shorter length and the still further downstream bolt 15 "has an even shorter length.
  • the bolts 15 can each have a through bore 16, preferably concentric to their axis of rotation, for direct heat exchange with the heat exchanger 6. For the sake of clarity, such a through bore 16 is only indicated in the bolt 15b.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage (1) fonctionnant au combustible liquide, comprenant un brûleur qui produit des gaz brûlés très chauds (8-8a) et une chambre de combustion (3) raccordée au brûleur. Cette dernière est entourée par un échangeur de chaleur (6), avec éventuellement un élément déflecteur (cylindre déflecteur 5) pour les gaz brûlés provenant du brûleur (8-8a) et d'autre part l'agent caloporteur (7). L'échangeur de chaleur (6) comporte des ailettes qui s'étendent dans le sens principal de l'écoulement et font saillie dans le flux. Elles sont formées essentiellement par des plaques en U (11), en V (14) ou similaires, dont les branches (11a, 11b; 14a, 14b) comportent des perforations (12) permettant un effet de tourbillonnement. Ces perforations (12) se caractérisent en ce qu'elles se présentent sous forme de trous.
EP95908198A 1994-02-26 1995-02-15 Dispositif de chauffage a combustible liquide pour vehicule Withdrawn EP0746729A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944406403 DE4406403C2 (de) 1994-02-26 1994-02-26 Mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenes Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE4406403 1994-02-26
PCT/DE1995/000194 WO1995023319A2 (fr) 1994-02-26 1995-02-15 Dispositif de chauffage a combustible liquide pour vehicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0746729A1 true EP0746729A1 (fr) 1996-12-11

Family

ID=6511349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95908198A Withdrawn EP0746729A1 (fr) 1994-02-26 1995-02-15 Dispositif de chauffage a combustible liquide pour vehicule

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0746729A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ291595B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE4406403C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995023319A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19613760A1 (de) * 1996-04-06 1997-10-09 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Wärmetauscher für ein Heizgerät
DE19749809B4 (de) * 1997-11-11 2006-11-30 Webasto Ag Heizgerät mit optimiertem Wärmeträgerströmungsraum
DE102005053514A1 (de) 2004-11-26 2006-07-06 Webasto Ag Luftheizgerät für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102006048986A1 (de) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-24 Webasto Ag Heizgerät zum Erwärmen von Luft und Wasser
RU2663370C1 (ru) * 2017-07-25 2018-08-03 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Калининградский государственный технический университет" Теплообменник
CN108131222A (zh) * 2018-01-25 2018-06-08 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 一种车用燃料加热器的换热器结构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1755949A (en) * 1927-05-30 1930-04-22 Clarkson Thomas Steam generator and water heater
GB341198A (en) * 1929-11-21 1931-01-15 Frederic Randle Radiator and condenser tubes
FR1084881A (fr) * 1952-11-07 1955-01-25 Tech Studien Ag échauffeur de fluide gazeux
FR1252033A (fr) * 1959-04-28 1961-01-27 Tubes d'échangeur de chaleur à surface rugueuse
DE1116248B (de) * 1959-05-29 1961-11-02 Brown Fintube Co Waermeaustauscher mit einem Mantelrohr und einem darin befindlichen Laengsrippenrohr
DE2462595B1 (de) * 1974-03-16 1979-04-26 Haas & Sohn Ernst W OEl- oder gasbeheizter Heizungskessel
CA1046499A (fr) * 1975-01-16 1979-01-16 Borg-Warner Corporation Tourbillonneur cote air
DE2511774A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Iessmann Hans Eizkessel fuer fluessige oder gasfoermige brennstoffe
US4163474A (en) * 1976-03-10 1979-08-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Internally finned tube
US4284133A (en) * 1979-09-19 1981-08-18 Dunham-Bush, Inc. Concentric tube heat exchange assembly with improved internal fin structure
DE3208828A1 (de) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-22 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Mit fluessigem brennstoff betriebenes heizgeraet
GB2190736B (en) * 1985-10-14 1989-09-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heat exchanger
DE9002588U1 (de) * 1990-03-06 1990-05-10 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Heizgerät für mobile Einheiten, insbesondere Zusatzheizung für Kraftfahrzeuge
US5032076A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-07-16 Davidson Textron Inc. Metal mold with extended heat transfer surface

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9523319A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ291595B6 (cs) 2003-04-16
WO1995023319A2 (fr) 1995-08-31
DE4406403C2 (de) 1999-07-29
CZ230996A3 (en) 1997-01-15
WO1995023319A3 (fr) 1995-09-14
DE4406403A1 (de) 1995-08-31

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Owner name: J. EBERSPAECHER GMBH & CO.