EP0733871B1 - Austauscherrohr für einen Wärmeaustauscher - Google Patents
Austauscherrohr für einen Wärmeaustauscher Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0733871B1 EP0733871B1 EP96103390A EP96103390A EP0733871B1 EP 0733871 B1 EP0733871 B1 EP 0733871B1 EP 96103390 A EP96103390 A EP 96103390A EP 96103390 A EP96103390 A EP 96103390A EP 0733871 B1 EP0733871 B1 EP 0733871B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ribs
- exchanger tube
- tube according
- hollows
- longitudinal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/51—Heat exchange having heat exchange surface treatment, adjunct or enhancement
- Y10S165/515—Patterned surface, e.g. knurled, grooved
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exchanger tube for a heat exchanger according to the features in the preamble of the claim 1.
- the troughs formed in the ribs are rolled manufactured.
- the deformed from the ribs bulges Material into the channels at the front of the troughs.
- the floors the troughs are at a distance from the canal bases.
- the known exchanger tube is manufactured by that first in a two-stage rolling process Structure of the later inner surface on one side Metal band created, then the metal band into one Slotted tube with internal surface structure formed is and then the slot edges are welded.
- the two-stage rolling of the inner surface structure leads at a high manufacturing cost.
- the troughs of the ribs are created by rolling over an initially existing volume fraction of that in the first rolling step pronounced ribs. This former volume share the ribs are distributed only in the immediate vicinity. A notable reduction in meter weight can but cannot be achieved.
- the object of the invention is based on the prior art is based on an exchanger tube with an internal surface structure to create, in which on the one hand the Advantages of an equally good evaporation or condensation performance connect with reduced rib weight and on the other hand, a one-stage for the production of the exchanger tube Embossing process can be applied.
- the core of the invention is such an internal rough surface structure, which has only rounded transitions and avoids sharp edges. Consequently, it can be particularly advantageous Way the rough surface structure by roll embossing generated in a single stage.
- the apparatus technology This significantly reduces effort.
- the ribs rounded at the head have in particular the advantage that when pulling in an exchanger tube in fins of a heat exchanger, in particular by Widening by means of a moving through the exchanger tube Tool, the head areas of the ribs flattened only slightly be, so that with this also the formation of heavy tearable condensate films are effectively counteracted. Nevertheless, due to the large roughness due to the micro Rib surfaces which are advantageous for effective evaporation large number of projections, edges, tips and depressions can be provided as vapor bubble germs without that larger quantities of material are required for this.
- the surfaces of the slats can also be coated with a Coarse structure corresponding to the internal structure of the exchanger tubes and / or be provided with a micro roughness.
- exchanger tubes Metal, but especially copper or copper alloys.
- exchanger tubes can e.g. a round or oval Have cross-section.
- Round exchanger tubes are preferred an outer diameter of about 6 mm to 20 mm.
- the embodiment according to claim 2 provides that the median longitudinal planes of the troughs of adjacent ribs run in alignment.
- micro-roughness of the fin surfaces can vary Way to be realized. For example a diffuse roughening by blasted corundum is conceivable. It is also conceivable to notch the rib surfaces in Form of linear micro-grooves (claim 3). These micro grooves then preferably extend parallel to each other. However, their longitudinal direction deviates from the longitudinal direction of the Ribs off.
- micro-roughness can also claim accordingly 4 by intersecting, from the longitudinal direction deviating micro grooves are formed in the ribs.
- Recesses are provided. These can also be linear or arranged in a cross in a row at a distance his.
- micro roughness can also be different Way.
- a preferred variant is here seen in the features of claim 5.
- micro roughness of the fin surfaces by radiation with hard particles, e.g. Corundum, or by texturing produced by means of laser beams. It is possible either that already provided with the surface structure To process the starting material (sheet metal strip) accordingly an embossing roller itself with the desired negative micro roughness to provide.
- the flank angle of the ribs 5 ° to 60 °, however, preferably 10 ° to 40 °. In this way a very slim rib contour can be produced.
- the course of the fins relative to the longitudinal axis of the exchanger tube takes place according to the features of claim 8 an angle of 1 ° to 89 °, preferably 20 ° to 55 °.
- the distance between two adjacent ribs 0.10 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.26 mm up to 0.6 mm.
- the height of the fins will vary depending on the pipe diameter Claim 11 suitably between 0.03 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 0.35 mm, dimensioned.
- the distance between two adjacent troughs one Rib is 0.2 mm to 4.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm.
- the floors of the troughs and the channel soles must meet the requirements 13 do not lie on one level.
- the minimum distance the trough bottoms from the canal bases should then at least 0.01 mm.
- FIG. 1 in FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a longitudinally welded seam Exchanger tube otherwise not closer to you heat exchanger shown for condensation and evaporation referred to by refrigerants.
- the exchanger tube which is circular in the outside and inside cross section 1 has a smooth outer surface 2 and a structured inner surface 3.
- Exchanger tubes 1 pass through fins of a heat exchanger is the exchanger tube 1 in one at its Outside diameter adapted opening introduced in the lamella and set by widening in the opening.
- the exchanger tube 1 has one Outside diameter D of 9.52 mm.
- the exchanger tube 1 is produced from a Flat sheet metal strip, not shown, on both sides Copper.
- the sheet metal strip is a one-step roll stamping process subjected, whereby according to the representation of Figures 2 and 3 one side of the metal strip 4 remains smooth (the later one outer surface 2 of the exchanger tube 1) and the other Side with a textured surface (the later inside 3 of the exchanger tube 1) is provided. Only that the edge regions 5 of the sheet metal strip 4 used for welding ( Figure 2) remain unstructured. After the roll embossing the metal strip 4 is formed into a slotted tube and then longitudinally welded and divided to length.
- both the head regions 10 of the ribs 7 and the transitions 11 are rounded from the flanks 8 to the channel soles 12.
- the Cross-sectional volume of the ribs 7 is smaller than the cross-sectional volume the channels 13 dimensioned between the ribs 7.
- each rib 7 seen in longitudinal section with a sinusoidal Comb line. Because of this sinusoidal wave crest the ribs 7 in their longitudinal directions LR are in the Ribs 7 transverse troughs 14 are formed. Like this one 2 shows, troughs 14 are adjacent Ribs 7 at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to the longitudinal axis ⁇ of the exchanger tube 1 aligned one behind the other. The between the longitudinal direction LR of the ribs 7 and the central longitudinal planes MLE of the troughs 14 included angle ⁇ 90 °.
- the distance A1 between two in the longitudinal direction of a rib 7 adjacent troughs 14 0.50 mm ( Figures 2 and 5) and the Distance A2 of the trough floors 15 from the channel soles 12 is 0.01 mm.
- the troughs 14 have a depth T1 of 0.25 mm ( Figures 4 and 5).
- the depth T is 0.005 mm.
- microroughness 16 is produced in the exemplary embodiment immediately during roll stamping. This is the embossing roller by means of radiation from corundum with a negative diffuse surface structure has been provided then the creation of the surface structure at the later inner surface 3 of the exchanger tube 1 guaranteed.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- in der Perspektive einen Längenabschnitt eines Austauscherrohrs;
- Figur 2
- in der Draufsicht einen Längenabschnitt eines strukturierten Blechbands;
- Figur 3
- in der Perspektive den Ausschnitt III der Figur 2;
- Figur 4
- in vergrößerter Darstellung einen vertikalen Querschnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV der Figur 2;
- Figur 5
- einen vertikalen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie V-V der Figur 4 und die
- Figuren 6 und 7
- anhand von Diagrammen einen Leistungsvergleich an Wärmeaustauschern in Koaxialbauweise mit verschiedenen Rohrausführungen.
- 1
- Austauscherrohr
- 2
- äußere Oberfläche v. 1
- 3
- innere Oberfläche v. 1
- 4
- Blechband
- 5
- Randbereiche v. 4
- 6
- Längsachse v. 1
- 7
- Rippen
- 8
- Flanken v. 7
- 9
- Basisabschnitt v. 4
- 10
- Kopfbereiche v. 7
- 11
- Übergänge v. 8 auf 12
- 12
- Kanalsohlen
- 13
- Kanäle
- 14
- Mulden
- 15
- Muldenböden
- 16
- Mikrorauhigkeit
- A
- Abstand zweier benachbarter Rippen 7
- A1
- Abstand zweier benachbarter MLE auf einer Rippe 7
- A2
- Abstand v. 12 zu 15
- D
- Außendurchmesser v. 1
- D1
- Dicke v. 9
- H
- Höhe v. 7
- LR
- Längsrichtung v. 7
- MLE
- Mittellängsebenen direkt benachbarter Mulden 14 auf verschiedenen Rippen 7
- T
- Tiefe v. 16
- T1
- Tiefe v. 14
- α
- Winkel zw. 6 u. 7
- β
- Flankenwinkel v. 7
- γ
- Winkel zw. 6 u. MLE
- δ
- Winkel zw. LR u. MLE
Claims (14)
- Austauscherrohr für einen Wärmeaustauscher, das eine glatte äußere Oberfläche (2) und eine strukturierte innere Oberfläche (3) aufweist, die aus in einem von 90° abweichenden Winkel (α) zur Längsachse (6) des Austauscherrohrs (1) verlaufenden parallelen Rippen (7) mit geneigten Flanken (8), von den Rippen (7) seitlich begrenzten Kanälen (13) und in den Rippen (7) ausgeformten quer verlaufenden Mulden (14) gebildet ist, wobei die Mittellängsebenen (MLE) der Mulden (14) in einem von 90° abweichenden Winkel (γ) zur Längsachse (6) des Austauscherrohrs (1) verlaufen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mulden (14) durch eine im Längsschnitt sinusförmige Gestaltung der hinsichtlich ihrer Oberflächen (8, 10, 11) mit einer Mikrorauhigkeit (16) versehenen und kopfseitig gerundeten Rippen (7) gebildet sind, wobei die einander gegenüberliegenden Flanken (8) benachbarter Rippen (7) durch gerundete Übergänge (11) mit den Kanalsohlen (12) verbunden sind.
- Austauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittellängsebenen (MLE) der Mulden (14) benachbarter Rippen (7) fluchtend verlaufen.
- Austauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mikrorauhigkeit (16) der Rippenoberflächen (8, 10, 11) durch parallel zueinander verlaufende, von der Längsrichtung (LR) der Rippen (7) abweichende Mikrorillen gebildet ist.
- Austauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mikrorauhigkeit (16) der Rippenoberflächen (8, 10, 11) durch sich kreuzförmig schneidende, von der Längsrichtung (LR) der Rippen (7) abweichende Mikrorillen gebildet ist.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mikrorauhigkeit (16) durch Partikelstrahlen oder mittels Laserstrahlen hergestellt ist.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tiefe (T) der Mikrorauhigkeit (16) 0,075 mm oder geringer bemessen ist.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flankenwinkel (β) der Rippen (7) 5° bis 60°, vorzugsweise 10° bis 40°, beträgt.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsrichtung (LR) der Rippen (7) unter einem Winkel (α) von 1° bis 89°, bevorzugt 20° bis 55°, zur Längsachse (6) des Austauscherrohrs (1) verläuft.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zwischen der Längsrichtung (LR) der Rippen (7) und den Mittellängsebenen (MLE) der Mulden (14) eingeschlossene Winkel (δ) 90° und kleiner bemessen ist.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (A) zweier benachbarter Rippen (7) 0,10 mm bis 2,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,26 mm bis 0,6 mm, beträgt.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe (H) der Rippen (7) 0,03 mm bis 1,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,05 mm bis 0,35 mm, beträgt.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand (A1) zweier benachbarter Mulden (14) einer Rippe (7) 0,2 mm bis 4,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,3 mm bis 1,0 mm, beträgt.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muldenböden (15) im Abstand (A2) von den Kanalsohlen (12) angeordnet sind.
- Austauscherrohr nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Muldenböden (15) in derselben Ebene wie die Kanalsohlen (12) angeordnet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19510124 | 1995-03-21 | ||
DE19510124A DE19510124A1 (de) | 1995-03-21 | 1995-03-21 | Austauscherrohr für einen Wärmeaustauscher |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0733871A1 EP0733871A1 (de) | 1996-09-25 |
EP0733871B1 true EP0733871B1 (de) | 2000-02-02 |
Family
ID=7757210
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96103390A Expired - Lifetime EP0733871B1 (de) | 1995-03-21 | 1996-03-05 | Austauscherrohr für einen Wärmeaustauscher |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5682946A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0733871B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08327273A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE189518T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19510124A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0733871T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2143102T3 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3033193T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT733871E (de) |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19612470A1 (de) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-02 | Km Europa Metal Ag | Austauscherrohr |
IT1283468B1 (it) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-04-21 | Alcan Alluminio S P A | Laminato per la realizzazione di scambiatori di calore e relativo metodo di produzione |
US5785088A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 1998-07-28 | Wuh Choung Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fiber pore structure incorporate with a v-shaped micro-groove for use with heat pipes |
US6182743B1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 2001-02-06 | Outokumpu Cooper Franklin Inc. | Polyhedral array heat transfer tube |
US6176301B1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 2001-01-23 | Outokumpu Copper Franklin, Inc. | Heat transfer tube with crack-like cavities to enhance performance thereof |
EP1194712B1 (de) * | 1999-07-14 | 2004-09-29 | FITR Gesellschaft für Innovation im Tief- und Rohrleitungsbau Weimar m.b.H. | Rohrleitungen und leitungselemente zum transportieren fliessfähiger medien |
US6254631B1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2001-07-03 | Intratherapeutics, Inc. | Stent with enhanced friction |
US6644388B1 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2003-11-11 | Alcoa Inc. | Micro-textured heat transfer surfaces |
FR2837270B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-12 | 2004-10-01 | Trefimetaux | Tubes rainures a utilisation reversible pour echangeurs thermiques |
ES2292991T3 (es) * | 2002-06-10 | 2008-03-16 | Wolverine Tube Inc. | Tubo de transparencia de calor y metodo y herramienta para su fabricacion. |
US7311137B2 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2007-12-25 | Wolverine Tube, Inc. | Heat transfer tube including enhanced heat transfer surfaces |
US8573022B2 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2013-11-05 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Method for making enhanced heat transfer surfaces |
US20040099409A1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-05-27 | Bennett Donald L. | Polyhedral array heat transfer tube |
US20040244958A1 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-09 | Roland Dilley | Multi-spiral upset heat exchanger tube |
US20060112535A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2006-06-01 | Petur Thors | Retractable finning tool and method of using |
EP1866119B1 (de) * | 2005-03-25 | 2012-06-27 | Wolverine Tube, Inc. | Werkzeug zur herstellung von verbesserten wärmeübertragungsflächen |
DE502006006218D1 (de) * | 2005-06-17 | 2010-04-08 | Behr Gmbh & Co Kg | Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Sorptions-,Reaktions- und/oder Wärmerohr |
JP4554557B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-13 | 2010-09-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却器 |
CN100547339C (zh) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-10-07 | 江苏萃隆精密铜管股份有限公司 | 一种强化传热管及其制作方法 |
FR2960815B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-02 | 2012-05-25 | Jean Pierre Darlet | Ensemble de refroidissement d'un film en matiere synthetique |
DE102011110458A1 (de) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-07 | Witzenmann Gmbh | Leitungselement mit Oberflächenstruktur sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen und Verwendung eines solchen Leitungselement |
CN103851945B (zh) * | 2012-12-07 | 2017-05-24 | 诺而达奥托铜业(中山)有限公司 | 具有粗糙内表面的内螺纹管 |
US20140251573A1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-11 | Alfredo A. Ciotola | Mechanical seal cooler |
US9638413B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2017-05-02 | Progreen Labs, Llc | Treatment device of a heating system |
US9488373B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 | 2016-11-08 | Progreen Labs, Llc | Treatment device of a heating system |
US9593857B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2017-03-14 | ProGreen Labs, LLC. | Heating system |
USD1009227S1 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2023-12-26 | Rls Llc | Crimp fitting for joining tubing |
JP6663899B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-03-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 冷却装置 |
DE102019112213A1 (de) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-11-12 | Norma Germany Gmbh | Fluidleitung für ein Kühlwassersystem von elektrischen Fahrzeugen, Elektrisches Fahrzeug und Verwendung einer Fluidleitung |
Family Cites Families (17)
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US3825064A (en) * | 1961-12-26 | 1974-07-23 | K Inoue | Heat exchanger |
US3885622A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-05-27 | Olin Corp | Heat exchanger tube |
DE2808080C2 (de) * | 1977-02-25 | 1982-12-30 | Furukawa Metals Co., Ltd., Tokyo | Wärmeübertragungs-Rohr für Siedewärmetauscher und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JPS5465865A (en) * | 1977-11-05 | 1979-05-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Heat conducting pipe for condenser |
JPS5813837B2 (ja) * | 1978-05-15 | 1983-03-16 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 凝縮伝熱管 |
DE3010450A1 (de) * | 1980-03-19 | 1981-09-24 | Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover | Rohr fuer waermetauscherzwecke, insbesondere fuer verdampfer |
JPS5758092A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1982-04-07 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Condensing heat transfer pipe |
JPS57104095A (en) * | 1980-11-26 | 1982-06-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Heat transfer tube with groove on inner face |
JPS5941795A (ja) * | 1982-09-01 | 1984-03-08 | Toshiba Corp | 伝熱管及びその製造方法 |
US4733698A (en) * | 1985-09-13 | 1988-03-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Heat transfer pipe |
JP2524983B2 (ja) * | 1986-09-01 | 1996-08-14 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 小径伝熱管 |
US4819719A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1989-04-11 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Enhanced evaporator surface |
JPH0313202A (ja) * | 1989-06-09 | 1991-01-22 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 溶接伝熱管におけるフィンないし凹凸面の形成方法 |
US5036909A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-08-06 | General Motors Corporation | Multiple serpentine tube heat exchanger |
US5070937A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1991-12-10 | American Standard Inc. | Internally enhanced heat transfer tube |
JP3219811B2 (ja) * | 1991-11-15 | 2001-10-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 内面溝付伝熱管 |
US5332034A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-07-26 | Carrier Corporation | Heat exchanger tube |
-
1995
- 1995-03-21 DE DE19510124A patent/DE19510124A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-03-05 AT AT96103390T patent/ATE189518T1/de active
- 1996-03-05 PT PT96103390T patent/PT733871E/pt unknown
- 1996-03-05 ES ES96103390T patent/ES2143102T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-05 DK DK96103390T patent/DK0733871T3/da active
- 1996-03-05 DE DE59604338T patent/DE59604338D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-05 EP EP96103390A patent/EP0733871B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-12 JP JP8054811A patent/JPH08327273A/ja active Pending
- 1996-03-18 US US08/617,466 patent/US5682946A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-04-12 GR GR20000400887T patent/GR3033193T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5682946A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
PT733871E (pt) | 2000-06-30 |
DK0733871T3 (da) | 2000-07-24 |
GR3033193T3 (en) | 2000-08-31 |
EP0733871A1 (de) | 1996-09-25 |
DE59604338D1 (de) | 2000-03-09 |
JPH08327273A (ja) | 1996-12-13 |
DE19510124A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
ATE189518T1 (de) | 2000-02-15 |
ES2143102T3 (es) | 2000-05-01 |
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