EP0733415A1 - Herstellung eines Metallbehälters in einer Form - Google Patents

Herstellung eines Metallbehälters in einer Form Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0733415A1
EP0733415A1 EP96400559A EP96400559A EP0733415A1 EP 0733415 A1 EP0733415 A1 EP 0733415A1 EP 96400559 A EP96400559 A EP 96400559A EP 96400559 A EP96400559 A EP 96400559A EP 0733415 A1 EP0733415 A1 EP 0733415A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diameter
peripheral skirt
zone
blank
box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96400559A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0733415B1 (de
Inventor
Michel D'amore
Patrick Erhard
François Muia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0733415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0733415A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0733415B1 publication Critical patent/EP0733415B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2646—Of particular non cylindrical shape, e.g. conical, rectangular, polygonal, bulged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a shaped canister, of the beverage can type, and more particularly a shaped canister comprising, on the one hand, a bottom and a peripheral skirt comprising a succession of zones. of different diameters and, on the other hand, a cover crimped on the peripheral skirt.
  • shaped metal boxes consisting of a peripheral skirt comprising a succession of zones of different diameters, a bottom crimped at one end of the peripheral skirt, and a cover crimped at the other end of said peripheral skirt.
  • This cover is provided for example with an easy opening device by breaking a line of least resistance or a threaded neck intended to receive a screw cap.
  • peripheral skirt of this type of metal box consists of a cylindrical shell welded longitudinally and expanded to provide the succession of zones of different diameters.
  • the peripheral skirt is produced from a metal blank of mild steel with low carbon content and having an elastic limit approximately equal to 250 MPa.
  • Such a steel allows an expansion of the welded shell without great difficulty with an expansion rate calculated according to the formula: D final - D initial D initial x 100 up to 20%, initial D being the diameter initial of the welded shell and final D being the diameter of the welded shell after expansion.
  • the welded shell is produced, the said shell is expanded to obtain a peripheral skirt comprising a succession of zones of different diameters, and a bottom and a cover are respectively crimped at each end of the shell.
  • the expansion of the shell is generally carried out according to a method of forming in air or nitrogen under pressure or a method of forming by incompressible fluid.
  • the bottom and the peripheral skirt formed integrally with said bottom are produced in particular by stamping-ironing from a cup cut from a metal blank or a strip.
  • the cup is first subjected to a relatively severe necking stamping on a press which conventionally comprises, on the one hand, a fixed punch and a support forming a peripheral blank holder sliding around said punch and on which rests the cup and, on the other hand, a matrix intended to be applied to the cup according to a force transmitted vertically by an upper slide.
  • a press which conventionally comprises, on the one hand, a fixed punch and a support forming a peripheral blank holder sliding around said punch and on which rests the cup and, on the other hand, a matrix intended to be applied to the cup according to a force transmitted vertically by an upper slide.
  • the cup having a bottom and an edge formed during stamping is then either calibrated by a slight stamping without the use of a blank holder, or re-stamped with a blank holder, then is subjected to an ironing operation which consists to stretch by means of a drawing machine, by successive reductions, the edge to gradually form the skirt device out of the box.
  • the bottom is formed on the drawing machine to give it a determined geometry and the neck of the peripheral skirt is formed, either according to a technique of shrinking with a matrix, or according to a technique of shrinking with a thumbwheel.
  • the die shrinking technique involves forcing the neck into a die having a conical entry profile and a cylindrical exit profile.
  • a cylindrical piece guides the wall formed at the outlet of the die.
  • the force required to allow the metal to deform comes from the thrust applied to the bottom of the box and transmitted axially by its peripheral skirt.
  • the wheel shrinking technique consists in driving the rotating box which is held between a pusher and a centering ring.
  • the profile of the neck is obtained by the simultaneous movements of the rollers, the centering ring and the pusher.
  • This type of box is generally made from a steel blank with very low carbon content.
  • the metal After stretching the edges of the peripheral skirt, the metal is strongly hardened so that its elastic limit in the walls of the peripheral skirt is around 700 MPa and even sometimes exceeds this value, which gives it an ability to expand. practically zero.
  • the overall possible expansion rate of the peripheral skirt is less than 1%, or even for very small thicknesses, less than 0.5%.
  • the advantage of such a box is that it allows very small thicknesses, since the constituent metal is a very stiff metal having high mechanical characteristics, which induces a low weight and low material cost.
  • such a box is made in two parts, the bottom and the peripheral skirt having come in one piece, which gives it an advantage from an aesthetic point of view.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a metal can of shape obtained for example by stamping-ironing, of the beverage can type, comprising a bottom and a peripheral skirt made integrally with said bottom, which allows '' obtain an expansion rate of more than 2% at the peripheral skirt.
  • the shape box of the beverage box type comprises a bottom 1 and a peripheral skirt 2 made integrally with said bottom 1.
  • the method according to the invention consists, in a first step shown in FIG. 2, to be produced for example by stamping-ironing from a metal blank, steel, or aluminum or aluminum alloy, a cylindrical blank 3 of diameter equal to the diameter D of the zone 2A of the peripheral skirt 2 of the box formed, adjacent to the bottom 1 in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the cylindrical blank 3 is produced by stamping a metal blank to form a cup and drawing the edges of said cup.
  • the cylindrical blank 3 can be produced by stamping a metal blank to form a cup, deep-drawing the bottom of the cup to reduce the diameter of the bottom and drawing the edges of the re-stamped cup.
  • the zone of diameter D is no longer adjacent to the bottom.
  • a shrinking operation is carried out on the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3 located above the zone 2A of the peripheral skirt 2 of the box formed to bring it to a determined diameter D1 less than the diameter D of zone 2A.
  • the diameter D1 is equal to the diameter of the area 2C of the peripheral skirt 2 of the box formed.
  • This shrinking operation is carried out in one or more passes by means of a known type of tool consisting of a matrix having a conical entry profile and a cylindrical exit profile, associated with a cylindrical part which ensures the guiding of the wall formed at the outlet of the matrix.
  • the force required to allow the metal to deform comes from the thrust applied to the bottom of the box and transmitted axially by its peripheral skirt.
  • an air pressure of between 1 and 6 bars is applied to the inside of the blank 3, during the shrinking operation.
  • the geometry of the different dies used in each forming step is a function of the desired profile in the intermediate portion 2B in order to obtain the desired profile in said intermediate portion 2B.
  • the method according to the invention consists in carrying out at least one operation of expanding the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3, located above the zone of diameter D to carry out the succession of zones of different diameters of the peripheral skirt 2 of the box formed.
  • the third step consists, as shown in FIG. 4, to carry out an expansion of the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3 situated above the zone 2C previously constricted of the peripheral skirt 2 of the box formed, to bring it to the diameter D2.
  • This expansion operation can be carried out using different techniques.
  • the matrix expansion technique consists in forcing the free edge of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3 into a matrix having a cylindrical entry profile and a conical exit profile, associated with a part ensuring the guiding of the wall. formed at the outlet of the matrix.
  • the geometry of the different matrices used in each type of forming is a function of the desired profile in the 2D intermediate portion.
  • the expansion technique can also be a mechanical expansion forming technique using a sector tool or an expansion technique using an incompressible fluid such as air, nitrogen or an oil.
  • the fourth step shown in FIG. 5, consists in carrying out a new operation of shrinking the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3, located above the zone 2E, previously expanded, to bring it to the diameter D3 taking care to conform the intermediate portion 2F according to the desired profile.
  • the fifth step shown in FIG. 6, consists in carrying out a new operation of expansion of the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3, located above the zone 2G, previously constricted, to bring it to the diameter D4, taking care to conform the 2H intermediate portion according to the desired profile.
  • the sixth step consists in carrying out a final operation of shrinking the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank 3, located above the zone 2I, previously expanded, to bring it to the diameter D5, taking care to conform the intermediate portion 2J according to the desired profile, and to make the planking used for crimping the cover.
  • the various shrinkage and expansion operations as described for carrying out the operations from the third to the sixth stage are for example the same techniques as those described for carrying out the operations of the first and second stage.
  • the form box according to a second embodiment comprises a bottom 10 and a peripheral skirt 11 formed integrally with the bottom 10.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention of such a shaped box consists, in a first step, to be produced for example by stamping-ironing from a metal blank in steel, or in aluminum or aluminum alloy, a cylindrical blank of diameter equal to the diameter D of the zone 11A of the peripheral skirt 11 adjacent to the bottom 10, then, in a second step, to carry out an operation of constriction of the part of the peripheral skirt of the blank for the bring to the determined diameter less than the diameter D of the zone 11A.
  • this diameter may be equal to the diameter of the zone of the peripheral skirt 11 of the box formed from the smallest diameter, i.e. the diameter D8 in FIG. 7.
  • the diameter D8 will be chosen less than this diameter D, because it is absolutely essential to start with an operation shrinking in order to be able to produce a shaped box with expansion rates greater than 1% from a blank obtained for example by stamping-ironing a metal blank.
  • the third step of the process of the invention consists in carrying out the expansion, in one or more operations, of the zones 11C and 11E of the peripheral skirt of the blank to give each of these zones the desired profile.
  • the first step consisted in producing, by stamping-ironing, a cylindrical blank with a diameter equal to the diameter D.
  • the second step consisting in carrying out the shrinking operation is in this case carried out from the area 11C of diameter D6.
  • the expansion is carried out using an incompressible fluid, it is preferable to perform a shrinking operation up to the minimum diameter, to form the neck when the box requires the presence of a neck and then to carry out the expansion of the different zones to be expanded.
  • the important characteristic of the method according to the invention lies in the fact of starting the forming of the blank produced by stamping-ironing by a shrinking operation.
  • the Applicant has realized that the prior constriction facilitates the subsequent expansion of the peripheral skirt, and makes it possible, for example for very low carbon steel, very hardened, accept expansion rates relative to the diameter of the pre-shrunk blank greater than 2%, whereas if direct expansion is carried out without prior shrinkage, the expansion rate remains less than 1%.
  • This increase in the expansion capacity of the box after prior shrinking is due to the increase in thickness in the walls of the peripheral skirt, due to this preliminary shrinking, as well as to slight metallurgical and / or rheological transformations. that the metal undergoes during the shrinking operation.
  • Tests were carried out on bodies of boxes with a diameter equal to 66mm, by varying the shrinkage rate of the first operation and then achieving maximum overall expansion.
  • the process for manufacturing shaped boxes according to the invention makes it possible to produce shaped boxes with more marked curves and this process is easy to implement industrially, since the tools for carrying out the necking and expansion operations are known and used by manufacturers of metal packaging.
  • the method according to the invention is not limited to stamped-ironed boxes, but can also be applied for the production of shaped boxes from a blank obtained by stamping-re-stamping a metal blank of steel, or aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the expansion rate goes from 3% to around 6%.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)
EP96400559A 1995-03-21 1996-03-18 Herstellung eines Metallbehälters in einer Form Expired - Lifetime EP0733415B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9503290 1995-03-21
FR9503290A FR2731929B1 (fr) 1995-03-21 1995-03-21 Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0733415A1 true EP0733415A1 (de) 1996-09-25
EP0733415B1 EP0733415B1 (de) 1999-10-06

Family

ID=9477255

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96400559A Expired - Lifetime EP0733415B1 (de) 1995-03-21 1996-03-18 Herstellung eines Metallbehälters in einer Form

Country Status (20)

Country Link
US (1) US6286357B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0733415B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08257660A (de)
KR (1) KR960033595A (de)
CN (1) CN1142419A (de)
AR (1) AR001233A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE185296T1 (de)
AU (1) AU715960B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9601062A (de)
CA (1) CA2172230A1 (de)
CZ (1) CZ286337B6 (de)
DE (1) DE69604521T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0733415T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2140041T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2731929B1 (de)
HU (1) HUP9600696A2 (de)
IL (1) IL117555A0 (de)
PL (1) PL313372A1 (de)
SK (1) SK283151B6 (de)
TR (1) TR199600228A1 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2756758A1 (fr) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-12 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme et boite metallique du type boite-boisson obtenue par ce procede
FR2756757A1 (fr) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-12 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme et boite metallique alimentaire obtenue par ce procede
EP0852972A2 (de) * 1996-10-21 1998-07-15 Daiwa Can Company Verfahren zum Herstellen geformter Blechdosen mit umgeformter Dosenwand
NL1005340C2 (nl) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 Hoogovens Staal Bv Bodynecken wandgestrekte bus.
US6253597B1 (en) 1988-02-19 2001-07-03 Corus Staal B.V. Body-necking a wall-ironed can
WO2010037996A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Obrist Closures Switzerland Gmbh Improvements in or relating to a method of forming metal articles
EP2859966A1 (de) * 2013-10-08 2015-04-15 Ardagh MP Group Netherlands B.V. Geformter Metallbehälter und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines geformten Metallbehälters
EP3177418A4 (de) * 2015-05-30 2017-08-02 PPI Worldwide Group(HK) Limited Ungleichförmiger aluminiumbecher und verfahren zur herstellung davon

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7798357B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2010-09-21 Universal Can Corporation Bottle can member, bottle, and thread forming device
CN100398412C (zh) * 2003-11-05 2008-07-02 欧亚包装（中山）有限公司 一种气雾剂包装罐的生产方法
CN100436283C (zh) * 2003-11-05 2008-11-26 欧亚包装（中山）有限公司 一种气雾剂包装罐的生产方法
US7726165B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2010-06-01 Alcoa Inc. Manufacturing process to produce a necked container
US7934410B2 (en) * 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
MX351082B (es) 2010-08-20 2017-10-02 Alcoa Inc Star Recipiente conformado de metal y método para la elaboración del mismo.
US9382034B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2016-07-05 Silgan Containers Llc Strengthened food container and method
US8978922B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2015-03-17 Silgan Containers Llc Strengthened food container and method
US9327338B2 (en) * 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container
USD696594S1 (en) 2012-12-21 2013-12-31 Sligan Containers LLC Container
CN103817259A (zh) * 2014-03-06 2014-05-28 上海将佳气雾剂有限公司 一种异形卷口微型铝瓶的成型工艺
US9358604B2 (en) 2014-06-12 2016-06-07 Ball Corporation System for compression relief shaping
CN111054818B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-08-03 深圳市君灏精密工业有限公司 零件冲压方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1645971A (en) * 1922-08-25 1927-10-18 Clarence H Riegel Method of making sheet-metal barrels
DE517913C (de) * 1927-05-25 1931-02-09 Henry Ernest Rainaud Verfahren zum drehenden Druecken von Zierrohren aus einem rohrfoermigen Werkstueck
DE1900597A1 (de) * 1968-01-09 1970-02-05 Scal Gp Condit Aluminium Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Profilieren rotationssymmetrischer Flaschen
EP0543695A1 (de) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-26 Carnaudmetalbox Verfahren und Anlage zum Formen der Hülse einer metallischen Dose
WO1994016842A1 (de) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-04 Mn Maschinenbau & Engineering Martin Nussbaum Verfahren und anordnung zur herstellung von aluminiumdosen für getränke oder lebensmittel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH475804A (fr) * 1967-06-26 1969-07-31 Alusuisse Procédé de fabrication d'une enveloppe métallique et enveloppe obtenue par la mise en oeuvre du procédé
HU185394B (en) * 1980-12-05 1985-01-28 Matravideki Femmuevek Method for forming the neck and spout part of aluminium aerosol bottles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1645971A (en) * 1922-08-25 1927-10-18 Clarence H Riegel Method of making sheet-metal barrels
DE517913C (de) * 1927-05-25 1931-02-09 Henry Ernest Rainaud Verfahren zum drehenden Druecken von Zierrohren aus einem rohrfoermigen Werkstueck
DE1900597A1 (de) * 1968-01-09 1970-02-05 Scal Gp Condit Aluminium Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Profilieren rotationssymmetrischer Flaschen
EP0543695A1 (de) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-26 Carnaudmetalbox Verfahren und Anlage zum Formen der Hülse einer metallischen Dose
WO1994016842A1 (de) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-04 Mn Maschinenbau & Engineering Martin Nussbaum Verfahren und anordnung zur herstellung von aluminiumdosen für getränke oder lebensmittel

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6253597B1 (en) 1988-02-19 2001-07-03 Corus Staal B.V. Body-necking a wall-ironed can
EP0852972A3 (de) * 1996-10-21 1999-02-03 Daiwa Can Company Verfahren zum Herstellen geformter Blechdosen mit umgeformter Dosenwand
EP0852972A2 (de) * 1996-10-21 1998-07-15 Daiwa Can Company Verfahren zum Herstellen geformter Blechdosen mit umgeformter Dosenwand
FR2756758A1 (fr) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-12 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme et boite metallique du type boite-boisson obtenue par ce procede
FR2756757A1 (fr) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-12 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme et boite metallique alimentaire obtenue par ce procede
EP0852974A1 (de) * 1996-12-11 1998-07-15 Sollac Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Getränkedose
EP0852973A1 (de) * 1996-12-11 1998-07-15 Sollac Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und durch das Verfahren hergestellter Nahrungsmittelbehälter
EP0864385A2 (de) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-16 Hoogovens Staal B.V. Querschnittsverminderung einer Dose mit gezogenen Wänden
EP0864385A3 (de) * 1997-02-21 1998-10-14 Hoogovens Staal B.V. Querschnittsverminderung einer Dose mit gezogenen Wänden
NL1005340C2 (nl) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 Hoogovens Staal Bv Bodynecken wandgestrekte bus.
WO2010037996A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Obrist Closures Switzerland Gmbh Improvements in or relating to a method of forming metal articles
US11738382B2 (en) 2013-10-08 2023-08-29 The Coca-Cola Company Shaped metal container, microstructure, a method for making a shaped metal container
EP2859966A1 (de) * 2013-10-08 2015-04-15 Ardagh MP Group Netherlands B.V. Geformter Metallbehälter und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines geformten Metallbehälters
WO2015054284A3 (en) * 2013-10-08 2015-06-18 The Coca-Cola Company Shaped metal container and method for maiking a shaped metal container
CN105722618A (zh) * 2013-10-08 2016-06-29 可口可乐公司 成型金属容器以及用于制造成型金属容器的方法
CN105722618B (zh) * 2013-10-08 2019-05-31 可口可乐公司 成型金属容器以及用于制造成型金属容器的方法
US10906081B2 (en) 2013-10-08 2021-02-02 The Coca-Cola Company Shaped metal container, microstructure, a method for making a shaped metal container
EP4116006A3 (de) * 2013-10-08 2023-04-26 The Coca-Cola Company Geformter metallbehälter, mikrostruktur und verfahren zur herstellung eines geformten metallbehälters
EP3177418A4 (de) * 2015-05-30 2017-08-02 PPI Worldwide Group(HK) Limited Ungleichförmiger aluminiumbecher und verfahren zur herstellung davon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL313372A1 (en) 1996-09-30
DE69604521T2 (de) 2000-02-10
CN1142419A (zh) 1997-02-12
BR9601062A (pt) 1998-01-06
US6286357B1 (en) 2001-09-11
ATE185296T1 (de) 1999-10-15
JPH08257660A (ja) 1996-10-08
EP0733415B1 (de) 1999-10-06
DK0733415T3 (da) 2000-04-17
SK37296A3 (en) 1997-07-09
SK283151B6 (sk) 2003-03-04
TR199600228A1 (tr) 1996-10-21
CA2172230A1 (fr) 1996-09-22
HU9600696D0 (en) 1996-05-28
FR2731929A1 (fr) 1996-09-27
DE69604521D1 (de) 1999-11-11
AU715960B2 (en) 2000-02-10
CZ286337B6 (cs) 2000-03-15
HUP9600696A2 (en) 1996-12-30
AU4824096A (en) 1996-10-03
AR001233A1 (es) 1997-09-24
ES2140041T3 (es) 2000-02-16
KR960033595A (ko) 1996-10-22
IL117555A0 (en) 1996-07-23
FR2731929B1 (fr) 1997-06-13
CZ75296A3 (en) 1996-11-13

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