EP0845315A1 - Verfahren zum Formen eines Lebensmittelbehälters wie einer metallischen Getränkedose - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Formen eines Lebensmittelbehälters wie einer metallischen Getränkedose Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0845315A1
EP0845315A1 EP97470030A EP97470030A EP0845315A1 EP 0845315 A1 EP0845315 A1 EP 0845315A1 EP 97470030 A EP97470030 A EP 97470030A EP 97470030 A EP97470030 A EP 97470030A EP 0845315 A1 EP0845315 A1 EP 0845315A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diameter
reduction
pass
passes
neck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP97470030A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel D'amore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0845315A1 publication Critical patent/EP0845315A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2615—Edge treatment of cans or tins

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of food packaging, and more particularly in the manufacture of containers for a such use.
  • the drink boxes have a bottom, a skirt device and a neck for crimping a cover, which can be easily opened, and are manufactured in particular by stamping ironing from from a blank cut from a sheet metal, steel, aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the blank is first subjected to an operation relatively severe swaging stamping on a press which conventionally comprises, on the one hand, a fixed punch and support forming a blank holder sliding device around said punch and on which rests the blank and, on the other hand, a matrix intended to be applied to the cup following a force transmitted vertically by a slider superior.
  • the cup thus formed comprising a bottom and a edge formed during this stamping operation by shrunk, is then either calibrated by a slight stamping without the use of blank holder, or re-stamped with blank holder and then is subjected to a so-called ironing operation which consists of stretching, by means of a drawing machine, by successive reductions, the edge to gradually form the side wall, or peripheral skirt, box.
  • Two techniques are conventionally used to forming the cervix: the technique of shrinking with matrix by stamping, and the wheel shrinking technique.
  • the wheel shrinkage technique consists of drive the box in rotation, this box being held axially between a pusher and a ring centering, and push the edge of the box towards the axis.
  • the free end of the skirt device is engaged on a mandrel and two knobs, or shrinking discs, moving radially form the neck of the box which gradually emerges from mandrel while still being held between the pusher and the centering ring.
  • the neck profile is obtained by simultaneous movements of the wheels, of the ring of centering and pusher.
  • the constriction leads to a thinning of the deformed area of the wall, and along with an increase in the height of the box.
  • the force required to allow the deformation of the metal comes from the thrust F applied to the bottom of the box and transmitted axially by the skirt peripheral, the inside of the box being placed under pressure during this push to ensure rigidity sufficient axial of the wall of the skirt.
  • a cylindrical piece forming a guide, and capable of slide in the cylindrical part of the matrix in accompanying the displacement of the edge, the diameter of which has reduced in the conical part, provides guidance inside said edge in said cylindrical part of the matrix, so that the cervix in formation is forced to resume a cylindrical shape.
  • the wall area constriction is essentially constrained compression and sees its thickness slightly increase, the height of the box remaining substantially constant.
  • the present invention particularly relates to forming the neck of the box.
  • the number of separate forming passes is directly related to the diameter reductions that we applies during each of these passes.
  • the reduction in diameter applicable to each pass basically depends on the thickness of the box.
  • the neck is formed at constant reduction from the second pass, this is to say that each of the forming passes performs a identical diameter reduction. It also happens that decreasing diameter reductions are applied in order to facilitate the deformation of the metal, whereas whereas the reduction in reductions compensates for the increasing work hardening of the metal caused by the succession of deformations carried out over the passes.
  • the main defect that we meet is the formation of folds and undulations at the level of said pass. We found that these defects, when they appear, appear at the beginning of forming, and the use of decreasing reductions does therefore does not prevent the appearance of faults.
  • the object of the present invention is to resolve the different problems mentioned above. It aims at particular to allow the formation of neck on boxes having a very small wall thickness in eliminating the risk of occurrence of type defects folds or undulations on the collar, and this without it being necessary to increase the number of forming passes. It also aims to allow, for a thickness of currently classic wall, a decrease in the number of passes.
  • the invention relates to a process for producing a neck on a food container, such as a drink can, comprising a side wall of generally cylindrical shape, according to which a free edge area is subjected from said wall to a succession of N passes for reducing the diameter of said free edge zone, to pass from an initial diameter D i to a final diameter D f , characterized in that the reduction in diameter applied to each pass is generally increasing on all of the passes from the second pass.
  • the diameter reductions made during the last passes are therefore superior to those performed during the first passes, for example the eight first passes of the said process in sixteen passes, or less during some of these first passes.
  • the invention proposes an increase average diameter reductions over the passes.
  • This increase in diameter reductions can be continuous and regular from one pass to the next, by example by making diameter reductions uniformly increasing over most of passes except the very first passes. But we can also modulate it by forecasting a growth in values step reduction, diameter reductions remaining constant, for example on the two or three successive passes constituting each level. Some passes will also produce a reduction lower than that of the previous pass. For example, the reduction can be reduced, i.e. decreasing, on the first pass (s), like this is classic between the first and second passes, then increasing on the following passes.
  • modulations can be determined experimentally so as to best adapt the reduction of diameter of each pass to the capacities of deformation of the metal in the free edge area, while ensuring overall on all passes, except the first, the growth in diameter reductions.
  • the invention is in fact based on the observation, made during numerous experimental tests carried out on beverage cans having a very small thickness of wall, increased ease of neck forming over the shrinking passes.
  • the inventors have thus observed, without being able to explain it, that once the first passes performed, the following passes could be more easily, the metal seems to deform more easily as the decrease in neck diameter. It thus appeared that the method of die-shrinking forming was very sensitive to conditions of implementation during the first passes, and easier during subsequent passes.
  • the method according to the invention therefore consists in putting in application the experimentally observed phenomenon of increased deformability over the passes, so as to adapt, during each pass, the reduction of applied diameter and the ability of the metal to deform.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a box drink, of a type known per se, for example of the type known as "collar 202" whose skirt 1 has a diameter of 66 mm.
  • Col 2 is cylindrical over a height of about 4.5 mm and has a 52.4 mm diameter. It is connected to the skirt by a frustoconical part 3 and ends with planking 4 intended for crimping a cover (not shown).
  • Figure 2a illustrates the first forming pass of the cervix by the technique known as shrinking with matrix by stamping, known per se and which will be recalled here only the general principle.
  • the free edge 5 of the box previously stamped and ironed, and having a side wall cylindrical, is pushed into a matrix 11 of a first tool set.
  • edge 5 In contact with the frustoconical part 12 of the matrix, and under the effect of the pushing force F, edge 5 is pushed radially towards the axis and engages in the cylindrical part 13 of the matrix, being guided and internally held by guide 14, which moves simultaneously with the advancement of edge 5 in the matrix but with a speed which is generally slightly higher than the speed of advance of the box, so as to limit the friction force between the box and tools.
  • the cervix begins to form, as shown by the mark 5 'on the right side of the figure.
  • Each pass is therefore characterized by a reduction diameter determined by the dimensions of each set of tools used.
  • a full range of forming can so be represented by a line representing the diameter reduction performed on each pass, such as those shown in Figures 3 to 6.
  • Route 21 represents a classic range, in which the first pass performs a reduction in diameter of 1.6 mm, the reduction made during the following passes being constant and equal to 0.8mm.
  • Line 22 represents a range conforming to the present invention, making it possible to reduce the diameter of 66 to 52.4 mm, i.e. a total reduction in diameter of 13.6 mm.
  • the example illustrated corresponds to an experimental implementation of the process, the inventors who used tools for this test from various series of classic tools which they could dispose of.
  • the range represented is therefore not optimized, which explains local variations relatively large reduction between some successive passes.
  • all the diameter reductions made in the second step are between 0.4 mm and the average reduction by 0.8 mm, and all the diameter reductions made in the third step are between said average reduction and 1.3 mm.
  • the number of passes of each of the second and third stages may vary, depending on the reduction values applied to each pass. Preferably, the number of passes of each of these stages will be between 1/4 and 3/4 of the total number of passes, so that there are not too large differences between the reductions applied in successive passes.
  • Tests have been carried out using the ranges described above for shaping the cervix on beverage cans made from sides 0.20 mm thick, the skirt of which had a 0.12 mm thick.
  • the use of the range according to the invention has allowed to continue shaping until obtaining, in eleven passes, a reduction in the neck diameter of 8.4 mm, therefore corresponding to a collar of type "206" having a 57.6 mm diameter.
  • Figure 3 shows three forming ranges comprising respectively 13, 14 and 16 passes, in which the reduction in diameter increases regularly over the passes, and therefore a fortiori at during the second and third stage.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate two other examples of implementation of the invention.
  • the second step comprises a single pass achieving a very small reduction in diameter, in particular less than 0.6 mm, followed by eleven passes during which the reduction is substantially constant and equal to the average reduction r m , the third step comprising a single pass with a reduction greater than said average reduction.
  • the second step comprises eight passes during which the reduction is constant and less than the average reduction r m
  • the third stage comprises six passes during which the reduction is also constant and greater to the so-called average reduction.
  • the process according to the invention is not limited to forming the neck on a drink can by the technique of shrunk with stamping die. He can also be applied to any manufacturing process using the cold stamping technique in several passes, and especially for the realization of a very high neck, almost completely constituting the wall of the container.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
EP97470030A 1996-11-28 1997-11-18 Verfahren zum Formen eines Lebensmittelbehälters wie einer metallischen Getränkedose Ceased EP0845315A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9614833A FR2756199B1 (fr) 1996-11-28 1996-11-28 Procede de formage du col d'un recipient alimentaire, tel qu'une boite-boisson en acier notamment
FR9614833 1996-11-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0845315A1 true EP0845315A1 (de) 1998-06-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97470030A Ceased EP0845315A1 (de) 1996-11-28 1997-11-18 Verfahren zum Formen eines Lebensmittelbehälters wie einer metallischen Getränkedose

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0845315A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2756199B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7934410B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
US9327338B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container
US9707615B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2017-07-18 Alcoa Usa Corp. Shaped metal container and method for making same

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4173883A (en) * 1978-08-18 1979-11-13 The Continental Group, Inc. Necked-in aerosol containers
WO1988005700A1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-11 American National Can Company Method and apparatus for necking containers

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4173883A (en) * 1978-08-18 1979-11-13 The Continental Group, Inc. Necked-in aerosol containers
WO1988005700A1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-11 American National Can Company Method and apparatus for necking containers

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7934410B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
US7954354B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2011-06-07 Alcoa Inc. Method of manufacturing containers
US9707615B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2017-07-18 Alcoa Usa Corp. Shaped metal container and method for making same
US10464707B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2019-11-05 Alcoa Usa Corp. Shaped metal container and method for making same
US9327338B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2756199A1 (fr) 1998-05-29
FR2756199B1 (fr) 1999-01-22

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